口譯入門──2002秋天

何春蕤(A210, Tu 2-5 or by appointment


連貫練習

 

連貫練習透過具有連貫功能的詞句運用,使得口語的訊息與訊息之間的關係,能夠傳達得更為清楚明確。

這些句間連結的詞句在詞性與結構上包括了以下功能:

邏輯關係:因果、條件、逆接、對比、限定(即yes,…but)。

先後順序:順接、轉換(話題)、回顧(過去)。

增補說明:新增、補足、解說、例示、換言、強調。

口語傳達訊息時的重要特徵就是,說話者與聽話者每次發送或接收的訊息量都有一定的限度。因此,一句話分好幾次才說完,說與聽的人都必須採取這種言談策略。句子和句子之間的連貫關係如果處理得當,訊息的傳達就會非常簡潔明確。說得輕鬆,聽得明白;否則就會斷斷續續,不知所云。

重要技巧:

首先,對於訊息內容的傳達,要盡量先說重要的訊息。也就是,訂定5W1Hwho, when, where, what, why, how)的傳達優先順序。

其次,要注意多用語意明確的實詞充當主詞,避免使用語意模糊的虛詞(如,這樣、那樣、這個、那個等說法)。

再其次,就是交代清楚句子之間或段落之間的連貫關係。

連貫詞:

中文   

  英文

因為、由於   

as; because (of); since; owing to; on account of; by reason of; due to; for accordingly;

所以   

so; therefore; consequently; so that; as a result; as a consequence;

如果、要是、假設   

if; even if; in the event of; in case of; in that case; only if; on condition that; as long as; provided that; assuming that; providing that; furthermore;

可是、但是、然而   

but; still; however; and yet

另一方面、反之   

on the other hand; while; in turn; on the contrary

只是、不過、只不過   

only; but; however; nevertheless

當然、不用說   

of course; sure; certainly; by all means; not to mention; let alone

然後、而、並且、況且、於是   

and; (and) then; and now; there upon; whereupon

還有、或者、再、也是、又、再者、另外   

again; once more; once again; too; also; as well; likewise; in addition; for another

那麼、接下來   

and; in the mean time; meanwhile

回顧、回首過去   

Looking back on; reflecting on; examining

此外、更、更加、進一步、而且、並且、況且   

Besides; moreover; on top of that; into the bargain; and…at that; and that; what is more; also; too; moreover

而且、並且   

Besides; moreover; furthermore;

還有、仍然、更、尚未、再者、另外   

more; further; still; furthermore

當然、不用說   

of course; sure; certainly; by all means not to mention; let alone

還有、仍然、更、尚未、再者、另外   

more; further; still; furthermore

當然、不用說   

of course; sure; certainly; by all means; not to mention; let alone

這就是指   

that is; that means; which is; namely

這是由於、這是   

that is why; this is due to the fact that

比方說、例如、譬如、打個比方、舉例來說   

for example; for instance; such as; like; say; take; by way of illustration; to name but a few

一般而言、所謂、一般人所說的   

the so called; what is called; what you call; generally speaking; in general

也就是說、換言之、換句話說、總之   

in other words; namely; that is to say; in a word; to sum up; to summarize

哦,不   

oh, no,….; I mean; what I mean is

尤其是、特別是   

especially; particularly; in particular; above all

(改寫自輔仁大學翻譯學研究所副教授楊承淑網頁)