科學哲學
新科學哲學 (1992秋)
科學哲學導讀 (1993春)
科技哲學 (1993秋)
科學的哲學專題（一、二） (1994年秋、春）傳統科哲、女性主義科學哲學
科學哲學 (1995秋)女性主義科學哲學 
科學哲學專題（一、二﹚ (1996秋、春）女性主義科學哲學、強勢綱領
科學哲學專題（一﹚ (1997秋)


 
新科學哲學 (1992 秋)

Course Description: 

This course will explore at an introductory level the development of the post-Kuhnian philosophy of science, especially (i) the philosophy of science of the so-called "New Wavers" or "The Social Constructivists" (Micheal Mulkay,Bruno Latour, Steve Woolgar, Karin D Knorr-Cetina, etc.), and (ii) Joseph Ruse's post- modern philosophy of science, which has been influenced by the New Wavers, Heidegger, and Foucault. The course will begin with articles written by Feyerabend and the representatives of the Edinburgh School and the Australian School of philosophy of science. These articles shall serve as a brief overview of this field. 

Course Requirement: 

Students are required to attend classes regularly, study the required reading materials, participate in class discussions, and make scheduled presentations in class. There will be a term paper, no less than 5000 words (in Chinese), to be turned in no later than Jan. 15th, 1993. The term paper does not have to make any original contribution to the field; yet it should be a well-written, clear exposition of selected article(s) or book(s). You must have your choice of topic approved by the instructor by Nov. 18 before you start writing. Collaboration on this project is permissible but restricted to two persons in each team. 

Schedule (tentative): 

  • 9/23 Introduction 
  • 9/24 Feyerabend: excerpts from Science in a Free Society 
  • 9/30 Chalmers: excerpts from What is This Thing Called Science? 
  • 10/7 Chalmers: excerpts from What is This Thing Called Science? 
  • 10/14 Barnes: excerpts from About Science 
  • 10/21 Barnes: excerpts from About Science 
  • 10/28 Yearley: excerpts from Science, Technology & Social Change 
  • 11/4 Mulkay: excerpts from Science and the Sociology of Knowledge 
  • 11/11 Latour: "Give me . . ." from Science Observed 
  • 11/18 Knorr-Cetina: "Ethnographic Study . ." from Science Observed 
  • 11/25 Latour & Woolgar: excerpts from Laboratory Life 
  • 12/2 Latour & Woolgar: excerpts from Laboratory Life 
  • 12/9 Latour: excerpts from Science in Action 
  • 12/16 Latour: excerpts from Science in Action 
  • 12/23 Ruse: excerpts from Knowledge and Power 
  • 12/30 Ruse: excerpts from Knowledge and Power 
  • 1/7 Ruse: "Post-modern philosophy of science" 

    • (*Class will be rescheduled at another time.) 

科技哲學  (1993 秋)

嚴格來說，有關科技的哲學論述至今還在形成中，有些和科學的哲學相關， 有些和應用倫理學或應用哲學相關，有些和政治哲學與倫理學相關。本課程切入的角度將以應用哲學為主，閱讀材料則環繞著有關科技的哲學論述中一些被認為是「標準」的話題，像： 
  • 科學與科技的關係
  • 科技與社會的因果關係（科技決定論）
  • 另類（Alternative）科技、適當科技
  • 科技政策、科技評估（TA）
  • 科技統治（後工業社會理論）
  • 反科技（反文化、luddism）、自主科技vs.科技的社會控制
  • 科技與女性主義、馬克思主義、生態環境主義
  • 科技與文化（科技轉移）
  • 科技倫理
本學期主要閱讀材料：（有*號者已編入本課程講義） 
  • 九月、十月、十一月︰ 導論 
    1. *Ian G. Barbour, Technology, Environment, and Human Values. 35-58, 125-135,188-304. 
    2. *技術與技術哲學。15-22,47-69,227-236. 
  • 十二月、一月： 諸話題 
    1. *Steven Yearley, Science, Technology & Social Change. chapter 6 
    2. Raymond Williams, 電視︰科技與文化形式。21-60, 149-189. 
    3. 丹尼爾、貝爾，後工業社會的來臨。422-446. 
    4. 馬克思主義看現代科技。31-86. 
    5. *Cheris Kramarae, Technology and Women's Voices. 15-28. 
    6. 討論：*微電子學與社會。5-43,171-202,229-261,364-378. 
    7. 林和（編），科技與本土。83-127,367-421. 
  • 補充材料：
    1. Don Ihde, Instrumental Realism: The Interface between Philosophy of 
    2. Science and philosophy of Technology. 45-97. 
    3. 佛洛姆，人類新希望。34-61. 
    4. *Jennifer Daryl Slack, Communication Technologies and Society: Conceptions of Causality and the Politics of Technological Intervention. 11-48. 
    5. *Michael Goldhaber, Reinventing Technology. 8-82. 
    6. David Dickson, The Politics of Alternative Technology. 
課程要求：按時上課、參加討論、期末報告。 

科學哲學導讀  (1993年春)


本課程的前半部集中於傳統科學哲學的內容，後半部則集中於一些晚近的發展。

科學的哲學專題（一、二） (1994年秋春)

本課程計劃開兩個學期，各三學分，但是學生可以只選修一學期。本課程分為兩個部分，上學期部份是對科學哲學之回顧及整理，我們將閱讀（1）Carnap, Hempel（2）Kuhn（3）Popper（4）Feyerabend（5）Lakatos所著的經典原文。下學期部份則集中於女性主義的科學哲學。主要的教本將是Sandra Harding的經典著作The Science Question in Feminism並且有女性主義科學哲學的名家像Lorraine Code, Donna Haraway, Evelyn Fox Keller, Lynn H. Nelson, Helen Longino, Ruth Hubbard,等人的論文或取自他們的專書的選段以及Nancy Tuana編的Feminism and Science。 

以上所列係上下兩學期的教學內容。 

上課方式：學生預先閱讀同一指定教材，共同討論或報告。 

注意事項：全部英文取材。比一般導論課較富挑戰性。 

科學哲學  (1995秋)

Knowledge/Power: Feminist Philosophy of Science 
  • Bleier, Ruth, ed. Feminist Approaches to Science. New York: Pergamon Press, 1986. 
  • Harding, Sandra. Whose Science? Whose Knowledge? Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1991.
  • Nelson, Lynn Hankinson. Who Knows: From Quine to a Feminist Empiricism. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1990. 
  • Rose, Hilary. Love, Power and Knowledge. Bloomington: University of Indiana, 1994. 
Other important works on The Feminist Philosophy of Science 
  • Alcoff, Linda and Elizabeth Potter. Feminist Epistemologies. New York: Routledge, 1993. 
  • Harding, Sandra. The Science Question in Feminism. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1986. 
  • Harding, Sandra and Merrill B. Hintikka, eds. Discovering Reality: Feminist Perspectives on Epistemology, Metaphysics, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science. Dordrecht, Holland: D. Reidel, 1983. 
  • Longino, Helen. Science as Social Knowledge. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990. 
  • Tuana, Nancy. Feminism and Science. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1989. 
Important works on the New Philosophy of Science 
  • Chalmers, Alan. What Is This Thing Called Science? 2nd ed. St. Lucia, Queensland: University of Queensland Press, 1982. 
  • Fuller, Steve. Philosophy of Science and Its Discontents. Second Edition. New York: The Guilford Press, 1993. 
  • Knorr-Cetina, Karin and Michael Mulkay, eds. Science Observed: Perspectives on the Social Study of Science. London: Sage, 1983. 
  • Latour, Bruno. Science in Action: How to Follow Scientists and Engineers Through Society. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1987. 
  • Latour, Bruno and Steve Woolgar. Laboratory Life: The Social Construction of Scientific Facts. London: Sage, 1979. 
  • Mulkay, Michael. Science and the Sociology of Knowledge. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1979. 
  • Ormiston, Gayle and Raphael Sassower. Narrative Experiments. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1989. Woolgar, Steve. Science: The Very Idea. London: Tavistock, 1988. 

科學哲學專題（一、二）(1996年秋、春)

本課程計劃開兩個學期，各三學分，但是學生可以只選修一學期。本學期課程分為兩個部分，第一部份是對性／別科學的具體研究案例，作女性主義哲學觀點的探討。第二部份則以有關所謂「強勢綱領」的介紹為主。下學期的教學內容則集中於Ormiston 與 Rouse的後現代科學哲學。

指定讀物：影印講義

上課方式：學生預先閱讀同一指定教材，共同討論或報告。如果得到教師許可，學生亦可自行閱讀相關教材，自由討論。

本課程的相關參考書目：

傳統科學哲學（導論）

  • 中文書甚多，此處不列。
  • Boyd, Richard, Philip Gasper, and J.D. Trout, eds. The Philosophy of Science. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1991. （原典論文的選集，以下為綜論書）
  • Gillies, Donald. Philosophy of Science in the Twentieth Century: Four Central Themes. Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell, 1993. 
  • Newton-Smith, W.H. The Rationality of Science. London: RKP, 1981. 
從傳統科學哲學到新科學哲學（導論）
  • Chalmers, Alan. What Is This Thing Called Science? 2nd ed. St. Lucia, Queensland:University of Queensland Press, 1982. （第一版有中譯） 
  • Bernstein, Richard. Beyond Objectivism and Relativism. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 1983. （中譯：超越客觀主義與相對主義）
新科學哲學（導論）
  • Mulkay, Michael. Science and the Sociology of Knowledge. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1979.（中譯：科學與知識社會學，巨流）
  • Woolgar, Steve. Science: The Very Idea. London: Routledge, 1988. 
進一步的研究書目

Group A: Feminist Philosophy of Science and Post-Colonial Philosophy of Science 

  • Harding, Sandra. Whose Science? Whose Knowledge? Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1991. 
  • Harding, Sandra and Merrill B. Hintikka, eds. Discovering Reality: Feminist Perspectives on Epistemology, Metaphysics, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science. Dordrecht, Holland: D. Reidel, 1983. 
  • Alcoff, Linda and Elizabeth Potter. Feminist Epistemologies. New York: Routledge, 1993. 
  • Longino, Helen. Science as Social Knowledge. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990. 
  • Harding, Sandra. The “Racial” Economy of Science: Toward a Democratic Future. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1993. 
Group B: The New Philosopy of Science and New Sociology of Knowledge/Science 
  • Barnes, Barry and David Edge. Science In Context: Readings in the Sociology of Science. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1982. 
  • Bloor, David. Knowledge and Social Imagery. London: RKP, 1976. 
  • Knorr-Cetina, Karin and Michael Mulkay, eds. Science Observed: Perspectives on the Social Study of Science. London: Sage, 1983. 
  • Latour, Bruno and Steve Woolgar. Laboratory Life: The Social Construction of Scientific Facts. London: Sage, 1979. 
  • Rouse, Joseph. Knowledge and Power: Toward a Political Philosophy of Science. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1987. 
Group C: Some Recent Works 
  • Megill, Allan, ed. Rethinking Objectivity. Durham: Duke University Press, 1994. 
  • Matthews, Michael R. Science Teaching: The Role of History and Philosophy of Science. London: Routledge, 1994. 
  • Ormiston, Gayle and Raphael Sassower. Narrative Experiments. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1989. 
  • Woolgar, Steve. Science: The Very Idea. London: Tavistock, 1988. 
  • Pickering, Andrew, ed. Science as Practice and Culture. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1992. 
  • Rouse, Joseph. Engaging Science: How to Understand Its Practice Philosophically. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1996. 

科學哲學專題（一） (1997年秋)

科學哲學（philosophy of science）是當代英美哲學中十分重要的一門學科，其所提出的問題與解決模式對哲學各學科都有深遠的影響。本課程基本上不預設學生先前修習過科學哲學，而從基礎導論開始。首先，我們先閱讀一本二手的導論教科書：The Philosophy of Science: Science and Objectivity (by George Couvalis. London: Sage Publication, 1997.) 此書或許非常簡要淺顯，但是涵蓋了科學哲學的入門重要話題（例如：理論與觀察、歸納、或然率、否証性、理性、實在論與工具論）以及晚近的女性主義科學哲學、科學社會學等新的發展；可以幫助學生對此學科有一初步的認識。

之後，我們將閱讀不同的論文，涵蓋近年來科學哲學領域的重要主題或者新話題；多數和本課程說明所附的相關參考書目部份中的「進一步的研究書目」相關。

本課程的相關參考書目

傳統科學哲學（導論）

  • 中文書甚多，此處不列。
  • Boyd, Richard, Philip Gasper, and J.D. Trout, eds. The Philosophy of Science. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1991. （原典論文的選集，以下為綜論書） 
  • Gillies, Donald. Philosophy of Science in the Twentieth Century: Four Central Themes. Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell, 1993. 
  • Newton-Smith, W.H. The Rationality of Science. London: RKP, 1981. 
從傳統科學哲學到新科學哲學（導論）
  • Chalmers, Alan. What Is This Thing Called Science? 2nd ed. St. Lucia, Queensland: University of Queensland Press, 1982. （第一版有中譯） 
  • Bernstein, Richard. Beyond Objectivism and Relativism. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 1983. （中譯：超越客觀主義與相對主義） 
新科學哲學（導論）
  • Mulkay, Michael. Science and the Sociology of Knowledge. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1979.（中譯：科學與知識社會學，巨流） 
  • Woolgar, Steve. Science: The Very Idea. London: Routledge, 1988. 
進一步的研究書目

Group A: Feminist Philosophy of Science and Post-Colonial Philosophy of Science 

  • Harding, Sandra. Whose Science? Whose Knowledge? Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1991. 
  • Harding, Sandra and Merrill B. Hintikka, eds. Discovering Reality: Feminist Perspectives on Epistemology, Metaphysics, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science. Dordrecht, Holland: D. Reidel, 1983. 
  • Alcoff, Linda and Elizabeth Potter. Feminist Epistemologies. New York: Routledge, 1993. 
  • Longino, Helen. Science as Social Knowledge. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990. 
  • Harding, Sandra. The “Racial” Economy of Science: Toward a Democratic Future. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1993. 
Group B: The New Philosopy of Science and New Sociology of Knowledge/Science 
  • Barnes, Barry and David Edge. Science In Context: Readings in the Sociology of Science. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1982. 
  • Bloor, David. Knowledge and Social Imagery. Second edition. Chicago: U of Chicago, 1976, 1991. 
  • Knorr-Cetina, Karin and Michael Mulkay, eds. Science Observed: Perspectives on the Social Study of Science. London: Sage, 1983. 
  • Latour, Bruno and Steve Woolgar. Laboratory Life: The Social Construction of Scientific Facts. London: Sage, 1979. 
  • Rouse, Joseph. Knowledge and Power: Toward a Political Philosophy of Science. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1987. 
Group C: Some Recent Works
  • Galison, Peter, and David J. Stump. The Disunity of Science. Standford: Standford UP, 1996. 
  • Pickering, Andrew, ed. Science as Practice and Culture. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1992. 
  • Rouse, Joseph. Engaging Science: How to Understand Its Practice Philosophically. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1996.
 
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