{"id":446,"date":"2002-04-18T10:46:21","date_gmt":"2002-04-18T02:46:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/column\/?p=446"},"modified":"2013-04-30T10:47:10","modified_gmt":"2013-04-30T02:47:10","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e5%b8%9d%e5%9c%8b%e3%80%8b%e8%88%87%e5%8e%bb%e5%b8%9d%e5%9c%8b%e5%8c%96%e5%95%8f%e9%a1%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/column\/%e3%80%8a%e5%b8%9d%e5%9c%8b%e3%80%8b%e8%88%87%e5%8e%bb%e5%b8%9d%e5%9c%8b%e5%8c%96%e5%95%8f%e9%a1%8c\/","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u5e1d\u570b\u300b\u8207\u53bb\u5e1d\u570b\u5316\u554f\u984c"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>1. \u5b9a\u4f4d<\/p>\n<p>2001\u5e74\u4e5d\u4e00\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u6b0a\u529b\u7d50\u69cb\u6b63\u9762\u81e8\u95dc\u9375\u6027\u7684\u8abf\u6574\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u5e03\u5e0c\u653f\u6b0a\u5f37\u52e2\u63a8\u52d5\u7684\u5168\u7403\u53cd\u6050\u6016\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8ecd\u4e8b\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u570b\u969b\u6279\u5224\u5708\u518d\u6b21\u9762\u5c0d\u8ecd\u4e8b\u5e1d\u570b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u554f\u984c\u3002Michael Hardt\u8207Antonio 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Negri\u662f\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u7c4d\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u539f\u4f86\u662fPadua\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e03\u4e5d\u5e74\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u653f\u5e9c\u5c07\u4ed6\u4ee5\u6b66\u88dd\u53cd\u653f\u5e9c\u6050\u6016\u7d44\u7e54\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u540d\u902e\u6355\u5165\u7344\uff0c\u4e00\u4e5d\u516b\u4e09\u5e74\u56e0\u70ba\u7576\u9078\u6fc0\u9032\u9ee8\u7684\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u54e1\u88ab\u91cb\u653e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u99ac\u4e0a\u53c8\u88ab\u525d\u596a\u8b70\u6703\u8c41\u514d\u6b0a\uff0c\u88ab\u5ba3\u4f48\u518d\u6b21\u5165\u7344\u5f8c\u958b\u59cb\u9577\u671f\u6d41\u4ea1\u6cd5\u570b\uff0c\u9577\u671f\u4efb\u6559\u65bc\u5df4\u9ece\u7b2c\u516b\u5927\u5b78\u8207\u570b\u969b\u54f2\u5b78\u5b78\u9662\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982The politics of Subversion: A Manifesto for the Twenty First Century (1989), The Savage Anomaly: The Power of Spinoza&#8217;s Metaphysics and Politics (1991), Marx beyond Marx (1991), Insurgencies: Constituent Power and the Modern State (1999)\u4ee5\u53ca\u8207Michael Hardt\u5171\u540c\u7684\u8457\u4f5c Labour of Dionysus: A Critique of State Form (1994)\u90fd\u5b8c\u6210\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u6642\u671f\u3002\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u6d41\u4ea1\u5341\u56db\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8fd4\u56de\u6bcd\u570b\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4ee5\u4ed6\u81ea\u9858\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u9577\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u72af\u554f\u984c\uff1b\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e03\uff10\u5e74\u4ee3\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u5927\u7d04\u6709180\u4eba\u9084\u95dc\u5728\u7344\u4e2d\uff0c150\u4eba\u6d41\u4ea1\u6d77\u5916\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e8b\u8207\u9858\u9055\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e5d\u4e03\u5e74\u4e03\u6708\u518d\u6b21\u88ab\u6355\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u9084\u88ab\u95dc\u5728\u7f85\u99ac\u7684\u745e\u6bd4\u6bd4\u4e9e\u76e3\u7344\u3002Michael Hardt\u662f\u7f8e\u570b\u5e74\u8f15\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u70ba\u4eba\u8b19\u548c\u3001\u5e73\u6613\u8fd1\u4eba\uff0c\u7562\u696d\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\u897f\u96c5\u5716\u7684\u83ef\u76db\u9813\u5927\u5b78\u82f1\u6587\u7cfb\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4efb\u6559\u65bc\u675c\u514b\u5927\u5b78\u6587\u5b78\u7cfb\uff0c\u662f\u516c\u8a8d\u7684\u5fb7\u8def\u8332\u5c08\u5bb6\uff0c\u8457\u6709Gilles Deleuze: An Apprenticeship in Philosophy (1993)\uff0c\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\u4ed6\u82b1\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u7cbe\u529b\u5f9e\u4e8b\u7ffb\u8b6f\uff0c\u5c07\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u60f3\u4ecb\u7d39\u5230\u82f1\u8a9e\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5982Radical Thought in Italy (1996)\uff0cNegri\u7684\u6709\u4e9b\u8457\u4f5c\u4e5f\u662f\u51fa\u81ea\u4ed6\u7684\u8b6f\u7b46\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7406\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u6307\u51fa\u300a\u5e1d\u570b\u300b\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6df1\u53d7\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u7684\u300a\u8cc7\u672c\u8ad6\u300b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5fb7\u8def\u8332\u8207\u52a0\u5854\u91cc\u7684A Thousand Plateaus\u5f71\u97ff\uff1b\u8a72\u66f8\u4e2d\u6240\u5448\u73fe\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u5206\u6790\u8207\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u617e\u671b\u751f\u7522\u5169\u689d\u8def\u7dda\u7684\u4ea4\u932f\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u5960\u57fa\u5728\u5169\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u6216\u8a31\u53ef\u4ee5\u9019\u9ebc\u8aaa\uff0c\u300a\u5e1d\u570b\u300b\u662f\u5728\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u57fa\u5730\u4e0a\u7e3d\u7d50\u4e86\u904e\u53bb\u4e8c\u3001\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u5f8c\u7d50\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8207\u5f8c\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e3b\u7fa9\u601d\u6f6e\u4e2d\u6700\u5177\u6311\u6230\u6027\u7684\u56e0\u5b50\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u5c07\u5f8c\u6b96\u6c11\u8ad6\u8ff0\u7d0d\u5165\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u7bc4\u7587\uff0c\u4f86\u7e7c\u7e8c\u6df1\u5316\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8207\u65b0\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u5be6\u8e10\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2. \u4e3b\u8981\u8ad6\u9ede<\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u5e1d\u570b\u300b\u7684\u8ad6\u8a3c\u65b9\u5f0f\u8207\u65e9\u671f\u5f8c\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u65b7\u88c2\u8ad6\u6975\u70ba\u795e\u4f3c\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8ad6\u9ede\u5728\u5e8f\u8a00\u4e2d\u5c31\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\uff1a\u4e8c\u6b21\u6230\u5f8c\uff0c\u6b96\u6c11\u653f\u6b0a\u76f8\u7e7c\u88ab\u63a8\u7ffb\uff0c\u516b\uff10\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f8c\u671f\u8607\u806f\u53ca\u6771\u6b50\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u653f\u6b0a\u9010\u6b65\u74e6\u89e3\uff0c\u51b7\u6230\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u9b06\u52d5\u4f7f\u5f97\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5e02\u5834\u8207\u751f\u7522\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u963b\u529b\u88ab\u6383\u9664\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u5168\u7403\u79e9\u5e8f\u5df2\u7136\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u65b0\u4e16\u754c\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e3b\u9ad4\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u5e1d\u570b\u3002\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u4e0d\u662f\u5e73\u9762\u800c\u662f\u7acb\u9ad4\u7684\uff0c\u7d71\u5408\u6027\u69cb\u9020\u76f8\u7576\u5730\u5c64\u7d1a\u5316\uff0c\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u662f\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u72c0\uff0c\u7531\u4e0d\u540c\u4ea4\u53c9\u91cd\u758a\u7684\u591a\u91cd\u7db2\u7d61(network)\u69cb\u6210\uff08\u5f8c\u8a73\uff09\u3002\u5e1d\u570b\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u8ecc\u8de1\u662f\u5ef6\u8457\u6b50\u7f8e\u73fe\u4ee3\u6027\u7684\u5167\u5728\u5f35\u529b\u4f86\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u6b96\u6c11\u5e1d\u570b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u53ca\u8cc7\u672c\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u904b\u52d5\u5c07\u5c6c\u65bc\u4e0d\u540c\u6642\u7a7a\u7684\u5730\u7406\u5340\u57df\u5438\u7d0d\u3001\u7d71\u5408\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u6642\u7a7a\u7576\u4e2d\u3002\u9019\u500b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u547d\u984c\u5960\u57fa\u65bc\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u904b\u4f5c\u6b77\u53f2\u908f\u8f2f\u8f49\u8b8a\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u69cb\u6210\u8a72\u66f8\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u66f8\u5beb\u7b56\u7565\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u92ea\u9673\u591a\u5c64\u6b21\u7684\u7e3d\u9ad4\u8f49\u5316\uff0c\u5176\u5206\u6790\u8def\u5f91\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u900f\u904e\u300c\u4e3b\u6b0a\u300d\u8207\u300c\u751f\u7522\u300d\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u7406\u8ad6\u908f\u8f2f\u5730\u8f49\u5316\u4f86\u805a\u7126\u3002\u975e\u5e38\u7c21\u5316\u5730\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u300a\u5e1d\u570b\u300b\u662f\u5f9e\u793e\u6703\u751f\u7522\u3001\u601d\u60f3\u8207\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5834\u57df\u4f86\u8ffd\u6eaf\u7531\u5e1d\u570b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5411\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u904e\u6e21\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u73fe\u4ee3\u5411\u5f8c\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u904e\u6e21\uff0c\u5176\u9593\u5de5\u696d\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u6027\u52de\u52d5\u70ba\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u975e\u7269\u8cea\u6027\u52de\u52d5\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\uff08\u4f5c\u8005\u4e00\u518d\u91cd\u8907\u7db2\u7d61\u751f\u7522\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u50b3\u64ad\u3001\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u7684\u7ba1\u5236\u5f62\u5f0f\u7531\u898f\u8a13\u793e\u6703(society of discipline)\u6df1\u5316\u70ba\u63a7\u5236\u793e\u6703(society of control)\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u6b0a\u529b\u4f38\u5c55\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u4e5f\u7531\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5ef6\u5c55\u81f3\u5fae\u89c0\u3001\u7db2\u72c0\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6b0a\u529b(bio-power)\uff0c\u6ef2\u5165\u5230\u793e\u6703\u8eab\u9ad4\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u8cab\u7a7f\u9019\u4e9b\u793e\u6703\u6b0a\u529b\u69cb\u9020\u968e\u5c64\u5316\u7684\u8f49\u8b8a\u5c31\u662f\u5f9e\u5148\u9a57\u6027(transcendence)\u5230\u5167\u5728\u6027(immanence)\u3002\u518d\u6b21\u5f37\u8abf\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u9032\u7a0b\u8207\u8f49\u5316\u975e\u5e38\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u6839\u690d\u65bc\u6b50\u7f8e\u5730\u5340\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u6587\u5316\u7d93\u9a57\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Hardt\u8207Negri\u5c0d\u65bc\u5167\u5728\u6027\u601d\u8003\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u8207\u5e1d\u570b\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u60f3\u50cf\u6a21\u578b\u4f86\u81ea\u5fb7\u8def\u6ecb\u8207\u52a0\u5854\u91cc\u7684\u793e\u6703\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\u7684\u7acb\u8db3\u9ede\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u4e09\u5143\u8ad6\uff0c\u7531\u617e\u671b\u3001\u8eab\u9ad4\u8207\u601d\u60f3\u4e09\u500b\u52d5\u614b\u6b77\u53f2\u6027\u5834\u57df\u76f8\u4e92\u62c9\u626f\u6240\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4eba\u4e0d\u662f\u7368\u7acb\u500b\u9ad4\uff0c\u662f\u90e8\u4efd\u5ba2\u9ad4\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6d41\u52d5\u6027\u8eab\u5206\u3001\u8a8d\u540c\u95dc\u4e4e\u5728\u591a\u91cd\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u7db2\u7d61\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9ede\u7dda\u9762\u7684\u9023\u7d50\u662f\u5167\u5728\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u5916\u5728\u3001\u51cc\u99d5\u5f0f\u7684\u5148\u9a57\u95dc\u4fc2\u4f86\u63a5\u5408\u3002\u7db2\u7d61\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u904b\u4f5c\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u690d\u7269\u7684\u5730\u4e0b\u8396\u72c0\u9ad4(rhizome)\uff0c\u6210\u76f8\u4e92\u7cfe\u7d50\u72c0\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u7db2\u7d61\u7d50\u69cb\u662f\u975e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316\u3001\u975e\u968e\u5e8f\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a2e\u6210\u6a39\u72c0\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u652f\u5e79\u3001\u8449\u7247\u90fd\u53d7\u5236\u65bc\u4e3b\u6839\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u58df\u65b7\u6027\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u6709\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u9ede\u8207\u968e\u5e8f\u683c\u5c40\u7d50\u69cb\u3002Hardt\u8207Negri\u8a8d\u70ba\u7576\u4ee3\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7db2\u7d61\u8207\u5e1d\u570b\u69cb\u9020\u662f\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6df7\u96dc\u9ad4\u3002\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u9019\u9ebc\u7c21\u5316\u7684\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\uff1a\u5fae\u89c0\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6b0a\u529b\u904b\u884c\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u53camultitude\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u8396\u72c0\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u7d71\u5408\u6b0a\u529b\u7d50\u69cb\u662f\u6a39\u72c0\u7684\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u4ee5\u5305\u6284\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f01\u5716\u99d5\u99ad\u524d\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u5011\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\uff1a\u6b50\u6d32\u73fe\u4ee3\u6027\u7684\u69cb\u6210\u662f\u5169\u7a2e\u529b\u91cf\u4e0d\u65b7\u885d\u7a81\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u5167\u5728\u6027\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u617e\u671b\u7684\u89e3\u653e\u8207\u793e\u6703\u7684\u9023\u7d50\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u529b\u91cf\u662f\u5148\u9a57\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u51cc\u99d5\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u4f86\u7dad\u8b77\u793e\u6703\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e3b\u6b0a\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a2e\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u5c55\u73fe\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6027\u8cea\u662f\u5167\u5728\u8207\u5916\u5728\u7684\u5340\u5206\u5df2\u7d93\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u73fe\u4ee3\u6027\u6240\u5efa\u69cb\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u6027\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u904b\u4f5c\u662f\u4ee5\u5167\uff0f\u5916\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u8faf\u8b49\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u800c\u5e1d\u570b\u6b0a\u529b\u4e0d\u4f46\u6253\u7834\u5167\u5916\u5340\u9694\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u7121\u6240\u4e0d\u5728\u7684\u865b\u64ec\u7a7a\u9593\u4e2d\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b\u5728\u6cd5\u6b0a\u5c64\u6b21\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e1d\u570b\u9583\u904e\u5dee\u7570\u6027\uff0c\u7528\u5305\u5bb9\u6027\u4f86\u5efa\u7acb\u666e\u904d\u6027\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u4f86\u81ea\u6211\u6b63\u7576\u5316\uff1b\u5728\u6587\u5316\u4e0a\u5b83\u5247\u5340\u5206\u3001\u80af\u5b9a\u5dee\u7570\u6027\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u5c07\u5dee\u7570\u968e\u5e8f\u5316\u4ee5\u4fbf\u7d0d\u5165\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u8207\u5f8c\u73fe\u4ee3\u65b7\u88c2\u8ad6\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5728\u65bc\uff0c\u5f8c\u73fe\u4ee3\u8ad6\u8ff0\u6b62\u65bc\u6307\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u793e\u6703\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u908f\u8f2f\u8207\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u800cHardt\u8207Negri\u66f4\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u8ad6\u8faf\uff0c\u5e1d\u570b\u908f\u8f2f\u5c07\u539f\u6709\u7684\u904b\u8f49\u908f\u8f2f\u5305\u6284\u3001\u5438\u7d0d\u3001\u6536\u7de8\u5230\u5176\u904b\u4f5c\u7576\u4e2d\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u751f\u7522\u6a21\u5f0f\u5728\u5f8c\u73fe\u5316\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e26\u4e0d\u8868\u793a\u5de5\u696d\u751f\u7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in dominance)\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u5fc5\u9808\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u9673\u8ff0\u5176\u4ed6\u78ba\u5be6\u9084\u5728\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u793e\u6703\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u63a5\u5408\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u9ad4\u5236\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u53cd\u6b50\u6d32\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u59ff\u614b\u6700\u5f8c\u9084\u662f\u5728\u6b50\u7f8e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5167\u5728\u908f\u8f2f\u4e2d\u6253\u8f49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3. 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