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\uff08<\/strong>2<\/strong>\uff09\u5b78\u8853\u4eba\u7684\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u5b78\u8853\u4eba\u58eb\u672c\u8eab\u79c1\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6027\u6a21\u5f0f\u6216\u6027\u4e8b\u662f\u5426\u70ba\u300c\u79c1\u4e8b\u300d\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u5b78\u8853\u4eba\u662f\u540c\u6027\u6200\u3001\u300c\u5288\u817f\u6200\u300d\uff08\u300c\u8173\u8e0f\u5169\u689d\u8239\u300d\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u61c9\u8a34\u8af8\u516c\u8a55\uff1f\u665a\u8fd1\u793e\u6703\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6fc0\u767c\u51fa\u4e00\u80a1\u6de8\u5316\u617e\u671b\u7684\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u9053\u5fb7\u610f\u8b58\uff0c\u5b78\u8853\u4eba\u8981\u5982\u4f55\u9762\u5c0d\u9019\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7\u7cfe\u5bdf\u968a\u5c0d\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u8ad6\u8ff0\u98a8\u6c23\u7684\u7dca\u7e2e\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u4e3b\u8fa6\u55ae\u4f4d\uff1a\u6843\u793e<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u6642\u9593\uff1a1998\u5e743\u670821\u65e5\uff08\u516d\uff09\u4e0a\u53489:30-12:00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span>\u5730\u9ede\uff1a\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\u91d1\u83ef\u8857\u8207\u91d1\u5c71\u5357\u8def\u53e3\u3001\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u53f0\u5317\u8fa6\u4e8b\u8655\u6708\u6db5\u5802\u5927\u5ef3<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u9019\u4e9b\u73fe\u8c61\u5176\u5be6\u4e26\u4e0d\u964c\u751f\u3002\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5728\u6de8\u5316\u7a2e\u65cf\u3001\u6de8\u5316\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4ee5\u6de8\u5316\u6027\u9053\u5fb7\u958b\u59cb\u7684\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6211\u5011\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u66f4\u9060\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u53f0\u7063\u88ab\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u5e03\u723e\u55ac\u4e9e\u793e\u6703\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u986f\u7136\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4f86\u6307\u5c0e\u73fe\u5be6\u793e\u6703\u7684\u8b8a\u52d5\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u671f\u5f85\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u7a2e\u6bd4\u8f03\u5145\u6eff\u81ea\u4fe1\u3001\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5992\u6068\u7684\u793e\u6703\u3002\u6211\u89ba\u5f97\u90a3\u6a23\u7684\u793e\u6703\u662f\u6bd4\u8f03\u80fd\u5920\u5bb9\u7d0d\u7570\u5df1\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u8a72\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6587\u5316\u6bd4\u8f03\u958b\u653e\u3001\u5a66\u5973\u5730\u4f4d\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684\u793e\u6703\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53f0\u7063\u4eca\u5929\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u5341\u5b57\u8def\u53e3\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6216\u8a31\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u9ede\u9ede\u8ca1\u5bcc\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u5011\u9084\u6b20\u7f3a\u958b\u653e\u793e\u6703\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5bb9\u5fcd\u548c\u6587\u5316\u89c0\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u5168\u7403\u8996\u91ce\u3001\u6027\u9053\u5fb7\u591a\u5143\u5316\u3001\u80fd\u5920\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u6b23\u8cde\u7570\u5df1\u8207\u908a\u7de3\u8072\u97f3\u7684\u6587\u5316\u89c0\u3002\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u8a8d\u540c\u548c\u591a\u5143\u5316\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u8ad6\u8ff0\u4e4b\u6230\u6216\u8005\u662f\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e4b\u6230\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u5b83\u66f4\u6709\u6f5b\u529b\u64f4\u53ca\u5230\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u793e\u6703\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6240\u6709\u7684\u793e\u6703\u904b\u52d5\u90fd\u95dc\u4fc2\u8457\u8eab\u5206\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u52d5\u54e1\uff1b\u5a66\u5973\u904b\u52d5\u3001\u50be\u5411\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u2026\u7b49\u7b49\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5c64\u6b21\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c0d\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u793e\u6703\u3001\u6587\u5316\u90fd\u6709\u7121\u7aae\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\uff1a\u5b83\u5011\u6703\u52d5\u6416\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u793e\u6703\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u8cea\u7591\u5c0d\u65bc\u5a5a\u59fb\u3001\u5c0d\u65bc\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u5c0d\u65bc\u6027\u5225\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\uff0c\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u91cd\u65b0\u754c\u5b9a\u793e\u6703\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5b78\u8853\u3001\u6821\u5712\u3001\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5a92\u9ad4\u80fd\u5920\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u6050\u614c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8a66\u8457\u62c9\u958b\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u958b\u59cb\u5f15\u8a00\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u6c11\u65cf\u8a8c\u7814\u7a76<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6731\u5143\u9d3b\uff08\u6771\u6d77\u5927\u5b78\u793e\u6703\u7cfb\uff09<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Part One\uff1a\u95dc\u65bc\u7d00\u6167\u6587\u7684\u7530\u91ce<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u7531\u65bc\u6211\u5728\u6cd5\u862d\u514b\u798f\u6c92\u6709\u4e2d\u6587\u8cc7\u8a0a\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u8fd1\u65e5\u900f\u904e\u95dc\u5fc3\u53cb\u4eba\u9678\u7e3e\u50b3\u771f\u4f86\u7684\u570b\u5167\u526a\u5831\uff0c\u624d\u7565\u77e5\u6211\u4e3b\u6301\u7684\u570b\u79d1\u6703\u5c08\u984c\u7814\u7a76\u300a\u5a3c\u5993\u60c5\u5883\uff1a\u4e00\u9805\u6c61\u540d\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u751f\u6daf\u300b\uff0c\u6210\u54e1\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u7d00\u6167\u6587\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u78a9\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u51fa\u7248\u6210\u66f8\u4e4b\u5f8c\u5f15\u8d77\u570b\u5167\u67d0\u4e9b\u5831\u520a\u982d\u7248\u982d\u689d\u7684\u300c\u5a92\u9ad4\u4e8b\u4ef6\u300d\u3002\u6211\u7531\u8877\u611f\u8b1d\u5728\u9019\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6771\u6d77\u5927\u5b78\u540c\u4e8b\u8207\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u793e\u7fa4\u7684\u540c\u4ec1\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u7814\u7a76\u7acb\u5834\u7684\u8aaa\u660e\u8207\u885b\u8b77\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u7a0d\u6709\u5ef6\u5b95\uff0c\u6211\u89ba\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u4ecd\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7565\u4f5c\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5c0d\u95dc\u5207\u6211\u5011\u7814\u7a76\u6027\u8cea\u7684\u5a92\u9ad4\u516c\u773e\uff0c\u6211\u5fc3\u88e1\u7279\u5225\u5ff5\u53ca\u7684\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u54e1\u7684\u5bb6\u5c6c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0d\u5a92\u9ad4\u5831\u5c0e\u65b9\u5f0f\u611f\u5230\u56f0\u60d1\u8207\u61a4\u6012\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u7cfb\u6240\u540c\u5b78\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u7d00\u6167\u6587\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7530\u91ce\u96d6\u7136\u7368\u7279\uff0c\u4f46\u6c11\u65cf\u8a8c\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6211\u8f03\u719f\u6089\u7684\u6771\u6d77\u8207\u6e05\u83ef\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u5df2\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u984c\u6750\u4e0a\u7522\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7565\u5177\u6c34\u6e96\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u904a\u6c11\u3001\u5916\u52de\u3001\u8ca7\u7aae\u793e\u5340\u3001\u81e8\u7d42\u75c5\u623f\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u6211\u66fe\u5efa\u8b70\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u8003\u616e\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u6587\u737b\u7cfb\u5217\u51fa\u66f8\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u6bd4\u8d77\u574a\u9593\u5df2\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u5831\u5c0e\u6587\u5b78\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u8ad6\u6587\u4e0d\u4f46\u540c\u6a23\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u8b80\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u7684\u6d1e\u5bdf\u8f03\u6df1\u5165\u3001\u5206\u6790\u8f03\u7cbe\u7dfb\u3002\u82e5\u9019\u500b\u69cb\u60f3\u80fd\u5be6\u73fe\uff0c\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u4ee5\u53ca\u95dc\u5fc3\u53f0\u7063\u793e\u6703\u7684\u516c\u773e\u8b80\u8005\u90fd\u6975\u5bcc\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u5018\u82e5\u7d00\u6167\u6587\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u9019\u500b\u7cfb\u5217\u88e1\uff0c\u5176\u6c11\u65cf\u8a8c\u7279\u8cea\u8207\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u6703\u8f03\u70ba\u51f8\u986f\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u4e0a\u73ed\u5c0f\u59d0\u7684\u984c\u6750\u4e5f\u8f03\u4e0d\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u7121\u8b02\u7684\u717d\u60c5\u5831\u5c0e\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u500b\u69cb\u60f3\u672a\u66fe\u7372\u5f97\u7a4d\u6975\u56de\u61c9\uff0c\u800c\u4eca\u7d00\u6167\u6587\u53e6\u6709\u6a5f\u7de3\u51fa\u66f8\uff0c\u6211\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u70ba\u5979\u9ad8\u8208\uff0c\u53e6\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u671f\u5f85\u5a92\u9ad4\u7684\u9a37\u52d5\u904e\u5f8c\uff0c\u8b80\u8005\u80fd\u6b23\u8cde\u5979\u8f9b\u82e6\u7814\u7a76\u539f\u6709\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

Part Two\u6625\u98a8\u591a\u4e8b<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u95b1\u7f77\u6797\u82b3\u73ab\u3008\u795e\u5973\u9ed1\u7d17\u8207\u5b78\u8853\u8584\u7d17\u3009\u4e00\u6587\uff08\u4e2d\u6642\u6642\u8ad6\u5ee3\u58343\u670815\u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u6367\u8179\u4e4b\u9918\uff0c\u5e7e\u9ede\u53cd\u97ff\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u300c\u548cKTV\u8001\u95c6\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\u7684\u7537\u6559\u6388\u300d\uff0c\u5687\uff0c\u597d\u523a\u773c\uff01\u6216\u8a31\uff0c\u90a3\u4f4d\u7537\u6559\u6388\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u662f\u500b\u75de\u5b50\uff0c\u4e14\u83ab\u7ba1\u4ed6\u3002\u6797\u6559\u6388\u4e0d\u59a8\u660e\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6b63\u6d3e\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u793e\u6703\u88e1\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u89d2\u843d\u61c9\u8a72\u8d70\u907f\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u4eba\u7269\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u89f8\uff1f\u800c\u9019\u9ebc\u4e0d\u6cbe\u5875\u57c3\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5b78\uff0c\u6703\u4e0d\u6703\u66f4\u50cf\u500b\u7b11\u8a71?<\/span><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\u5b78\u8853\u3001\u4eba\u6b0a\u3001\u6821\u5712<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u5b78\u8853\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u5b78\u8853\u4eba\u7684\u4eba\u6b0a<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u5982\u679c\u5927\u5b78\u66fe\u7d93\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6709\u904e\u52a9\u529b\uff0c\u66fe\u7d93\u62d2\u7d55\u70ba\u5a01\u6b0a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u9ad4\u5236\u80cc\u66f8\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6b64\u523b\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u6821\u5712\u4e5f\u61c9\u8a72\u62d2\u7d55\u70ba\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u5a01\u6b0a\u9ad4\u5236\u80cc\u66f8\u3002\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u518d\u662f\u500b\u5c01\u5efa\u7684\u5efa\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7d14\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u5834\u6240\uff0c\u5728\u5b78\u751f\u4e3b\u52d5\u5c0b\u6c42\u6642\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u63f4\u6027\u7684\u8aee\u8a62\u548c\u53c3\u8003\uff0c\u5728\u5e73\u6642\u5247\u5275\u9020\u66f4\u81ea\u5728\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u6d41\u901a\uff0c\u9f13\u52f5\u4e0d\u542b\u5992\u6068\u7684\u7406\u6027\u5206\u6790\u548c\u9078\u64c7\u3002\u6709\u64d4\u7576\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u7ba1\u7406\u968e\u5c64\u61c9\u7576\u6b63\u544a\u793e\u6703\u8207\u5bb6\u9577\uff1a\u5927\u5b78\u4e0d\u662f\u6258\u5152\u6240\u3001\u4e0d\u662f\u5e7c\u7a1a\u5712\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u662f\u4ee3\u7406\u8913\u6bcd\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u611b\u7684\u5834\u6240\u7cbe\u795e<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u5b8b\u6587\u91cc(\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u793e\u6703\u4eba\u985e\u7814\u7a76\u6240)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u5e73\u5e38\u5c31\u6709\u96a8\u611f\u800c\u767c\u4fe1\u624b\u5beb\u5beb\u7814\u7a76\u624e\u8a18\u548c\u8b80\u66f8\u96a8\u7b46\u7684\u7fd2\u6163\uff0c\u524d\u5e7e\u5929\uff0c\u4f55\u6625\u8564\u6559\u6388\u6253\u96fb\u8a71\u9080\u6211\u4f86\u53c3\u52a0\u9019\u500b\u5ea7\u8ac7\u6703\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u723d\u5feb\u5730\u7b54\u61c9\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6700\u8fd1\u5b78\u6821\u88e1\u767c\u751f\u9019\u9ebc\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u9707\u9a5a\u4e2d\u5916\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u9084\u70ba\u6b64\u767c\u8d77\u3010\u4ee5\u6e05\u83ef\u70ba\u69ae\u3011\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u6211\u770b\u898b\u9019\u88e1\u9762\u9817\u6709\u4e9b\u4e94\u56db\u7cbe\u795e\u548c\u611b\u9109\u611b\u570b\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\uff0c\u89ba\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u611f\u52d5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e00\u6b21\u4e00\u6b21\u5728\u6dda\u5f71\u6a21\u7cca\u4e2d\uff0c\u96a8\u7b46\u5beb\u4e86\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u9019\u5c31\u6311\u5e7e\u7bc7\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u7de8\u6210\u4e00\u6bb5\u5341\u4e94\u5206\u9418\u7684\u7a3f\u672c\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u5538\u7d66\u5404\u4f4d\u807d\u807d\u3002\u7576\u4f5c\u662f\u300c\u67d0\u7a2e\u6e05\u83ef\u4eba\u300d\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u53cd\u7701\u4e5f\u7f77\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6709\u4e00\u672c\u7a7a\u9593\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u540d\u8457\u53eb\u505aGenusLoci\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8b6f\u4f5c\u300a\u5834\u6240\u7cbe\u795e\u300b\uff08\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u5c1a\u6797\uff0c\u6c1175\u5e74\uff09\u3002\u6211\u9996\u5148\u8981\u5411\u8a72\u66f8\u7684\u4f5c\u8005Christian Norberg-Schulz\u548c\u4e2d\u6587\u8b6f\u8005\u65bd\u690d\u660e\u81f4\u656c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4e5f\u8981\u5411\u6211\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u670b\u53cb\u4faf\u4fca\u660e\u81f4\u610f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u300a\u72d7\u7537\u5973\u300b\u6253\u958b\u4e86\u6211\u5c0d\u65bc\u505a\u611b\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u773c\u754c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u9084\u8981\u50cf\u6559\u80b2\u5bb6\u5f17\u6d1b\u4f9d\u5fb7(Sigmund Freud)\u81f4\u656c\u3002\u9019\u88e1\u5148\u5f15\u4e00\u6bb5\u4ed6\u8aaa\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u7b49\u6211\u5011\u8ac7\u5b8c\uff0c\u8af8\u4f4d\u5c31\u6703\u660e\u767d\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6211\u8aaa\u4ed6\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u5bb6\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5011\u4eca\u5929\u5c0d\u65bc\u5b78\u7ae5\u5011\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u96e3\u9053\u4e0d\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u5169\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u554f\u984c\u55ce\uff1f\uff0d\uff0d\u6027\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u9072\u6eef\u548c\u4e0d\u6210\u719f\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u5f71\u97ff\uff1f\u201d\uff08\u6a19\u6e96\u7248\u5168\u96c6\uff0c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u5377\uff0cpp. 47-48\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u300a\u4faf\u4fca\u660e\uff1a\u72d7\u7537\u5973\u300b\u5716\"\u300c\u4faf\u4fca\u660e\uff1a\u72d7\u7537\u5973\u300d\u7684\u5716\u7247\u641c\u5c0b\u7d50\u679c\"<\/span><\/p>\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n

\u54ea\u88e1\u662f\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u4f5c\u611b\u5834\u6240\uff1f\u82b1\u524d\u6708\u4e0b\u55ce\uff1f\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e0d\u662f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u868a\u5b50\u91d8\u5c41\u80a1\u662f\u5f88\u96e3\u904e\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u88ab\u4eba\u649e\u898b\u66f4\u662f\u96e3\u582a\u3002\u4f46\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6d6a\u6f2b\u6587\u5b78\u8981\u9019\u9ebc\u5beb\u5462\uff1f\uff0d\uff0d\u6211\u9019\u5c31\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u6839\u672c\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u4f5c\u611b\u6545\u4e8b\u88e1\u7684\u7537\u5973\u4e3b\u89d2\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u4ec0\u9ebc\u793e\u6703\u968e\u7d1a\u5462\uff1f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u53bb\u623f\u9593\u88e1\u300c\u884c\u623f\u300d\u5c31\u597d\u800c\u7adf\u8981\u8dd1\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff0d\uff0d\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u8cb4\u70ba\u5e1d\u738b\u548c\u5b2a\u5983\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u5f97\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u5974\u70ba\u51fa\u4f86\u96e3\uff0c\u6559\u541b\u6063\u610f\u6190\u300d\uff0d\uff0d\u8981\u9ede\u5c31\u5728\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u300c\u96e3\u300d\u5b57\uff0d\uff0d\u4ed6\u5011\u5e38\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u300c\u7121\u623f\u53ef\u884c\u300d\u7684\u56f0\u96e3\u968e\u7d1a\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u934b\u725b\u65cf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6bdb\u87f2\u65cf\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u4e00\u73fe\u8eab\u5c31\u90fd\u6703\u60f9\u5f97\u4eba\u4eba\u767c\u6bdb\uff0c\u4eba\u4eba\u558a\u6253\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n

\u54b1\u5011\u7684\u60c5\u4eba\u7bc0\u4e00\u5230\uff0c\u5404\u500b\u98ef\u5e97\u8cd3\u9928\u90fd\u6703\u63a8\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u60c5\u4eba\u7bc0\u7684\u5e03\u723e\u55ac\u4e9e\u7279\u9910\uff0c\u9001\u9032\u623f\u9593\u88e1\uff0c\u9ede\u881f\u71ed\u3001\u958b\u9999\u6ab3\uff0c\u64ad\u653eSarasate\u7684\u5c0f\u63d0\u7434\u540d\u66f2\u300a\u6d41\u6d6a\u8005\u4e4b\u6b4c\u300b\uff0c\u9084\u514d\u8cbb\u9001\u4e00\u74f6\u6ce1\u6cab\u6c90\u6d74\u4e73\u597d\u8b93\u60c5\u4eba\u6d17\u9d1b\u9d26\u6d74\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u9019\u53ea\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u60c5\u4eba\u7bc0\u7684\u4eba\u8089\u796d\u5178\uff0c\u662f\u795e\u8056\u6642\u9593\u89c0\u5ff5\u4e0b\u7684\u7279\u5225\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\u5e73\u5e38\u6642\u5019\u4e5f\u4e0d\u592a\u5403\u5f97\u8d77\u9019\u9ebc\u6602\u8cb4\u7684\u7279\u9910\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u300c\u6211\u5011\u53bb\u54ea\u88e1\u597d\u5462\uff1f\u300d\u662f\u60c5\u4eba\u5011\u4e0d\u65b7\u8a62\u554f\u537b\u4e0d\u65b7\u53d7\u632b\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u66f4\u7cdf\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u6703\u75db\u5b9a\u601d\u75db\u5730\u8aaa\uff1a\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5148\u60f3\u597d\u5730\u9ede\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u300c\u5148\u60f3\u597d\u300d\u7684\u4eba\u5c31\u672a\u514d\u4ee4\u4eba\u89ba\u5f97\u6709\u9ede\u592a\u90a3\u500b\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u8af8\u4f4d\u4e0d\u662f\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u300c\u84c4\u610f\u300d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6bd4\u300c\u81e8\u6642\u8d77\u610f\u300d\u8981\u7f6a\u52a0\u4e00\u7d1a\u55ce\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n

\u524d\u5e7e\u5e74\u6211\u5728\u5831\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u5247\u6d88\u606f\uff1a\u5728\u77f3\u9580\u6c34\u5eab\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u665a\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u5c0d\u60c5\u4fb6\u5728\u6c7d\u8eca\u88e1\u4f5c\u611b\uff0c\u6709\u500b\u5de1\u908f\u54e1\u8b66\u7528\u624b\u96fb\u7b52\u7167\u898b\uff0c\u5c31\u4f9d\u59a8\u5bb3\u98a8\u5316\u7f6a\u540d\u628a\u4ed6\u5011\u626d\u9001\u6cd5\u8fa6\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86\u6cd5\u5b98\u7684\u5224\u6c7a\u662f\u300c\u4e0d\u8d77\u8a34\u8655\u5206\u300d\u3002\u64da\u8aaa\u6cd5\u5b98\u9084\u628a\u90a3\u4f4d\u8b66\u54e1\u8a13\u4e86\u4e00\u9813\u8aaa\uff1a\u4f60\u53bb\u7167\u4ed6\u5011\u5e79\u9ebc\uff1f\u4ed6\u5011\u53c8\u6c92\u6709\u516c\u7136\u7325\u893b\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n

4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u505a\u904e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u6211\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u4f86\u8ac7\u4eca\u5929\u5927\u5bb6\u95dc\u5207\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u60c5\u4fb6\u5011\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u3001\u6f14\u8b1b\u807d\u88e1\u4f5c\u611b\u884c\u4e0d\u884c\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u53bb\u8cd3\u9928\uff0c\u53c8\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u623f\u9593\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u80fd\u53bb\u54ea\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u591a\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u66fe\u7d93\u53c3\u8207\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u8a13\u5c0e\u6703\u5831\uff0d\uff0d\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u54ea\u500b\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u8a13\u5c0e\u6703\u5831\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u78b0\u5230\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff1a\u5b78\u751f\u793e\u5718\u7684\u793e\u7aa9\u8aaa\u8981\u92ea\u5730\u6bef\uff0c\u5230\u5e95\u8981\u4e0d\u8981\u51c6\u4ed6\u5011\uff1f\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u6703\u5831\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u662f\uff1a\u4e0d\u5b9c\u9f13\u52f5\uff0c\u514d\u5f97\u4ed6\u5011\u7537\u5973\u7aa9\u5c45\uff0c\u5fb9\u591c\u4e0d\u6b78\uff0c\u9084\u6703\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u767c\u751f\u300c\u90a3\u500b\u300d\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u5b78\u751f\u5011\u7684\u6b0a\u76ca\u53d7\u5230\u5982\u6b64\u91cd\u5927\u632b\u6298\uff0c\u6211\u5be6\u5728\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u63ac\u4e00\u628a\u540c\u60c5\u7684\u773c\u6dda\u3002\u4f46\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u5927\u5b78\u88e1\uff0c\u6211\u8981\u70ba\u5b78\u751f\u5011\u722d\u53d6\u6b0a\u76ca\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u6211\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7406\u8ad6\u57fa\u790e\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6211\u88ab\u903c\u5f97\u8981\u4f5c\u9ede\u95dc\u65bc\u6027\u611b\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u6709\u5169\u4f4d\u7a7a\u9593\u7814\u7a76\u5c08\u5bb6\u5728\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u6562\u73ed\u9580\u5f04\u65a7\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u500b\u7814\u7a76\u5fc3\u5f97\u78ba\u5be6\u662f\u53d7\u5230\u57ce\u9109\u6240\u67d0\u4e9b\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\u662f\u7562\u6046\u9054\u6559\u6388\u7684\u5a66\u5973\u4f4f\u5b85\u7a7a\u9593\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6211\u5728\u521d\u6b21\u95b1\u8b80\u6642\u5c31\u66fe\u7d93\u554f\u904e\u4ed6\u4e00\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u4f60\u53ea\u554f\u5979\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u9593\u4f5c\u5bb6\u52d9\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u54ea\u88e1\u662f\u6700\u559c\u6b61\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7368\u8655\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u5728\u54ea\u88e1\u5beb\u4fe1\u548c\u6253\u96fb\u8a71\uff0c\u5fc3\u60c5\u4e0d\u597d\u6642\u600e\u9ebc\u8fa6\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u600e\u9ebc\u4e0d\u554f\u5979\u5011\u5728\u5bb6\u6236\u5167\u7684\u617e\u671b\u6d41\u52d5\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u5462\uff1f\u8b6c\u5982\u8aaa\uff1a\u5728\u54ea\u88e1\u8abf\u60c5\uff1f\u5728\u54ea\u88e1\u4f5c\u611b\uff1f\u7d50\u679c\u9019\u4efd\u7814\u7a76\u5831\u544a\u679c\u7136\u6c92\u8ac7\u9019\u4e9b\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u4e86\u60f3\uff0c\u604d\u7136\u5927\u609f\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u602a\u4ed6\u4e86\u3002\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u8a2a\u8ac7\u7684\u6642\u5019\u8ddf\u4eba\u5bb6\u8ac7\u9019\u4e9b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u6709\u4ed6\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ac7\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u5230\u4eba\u5bb6\u5bb6\u88e1\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4f60\u548c\u7537\u4e3b\u4eba\u5973\u4e3b\u4eba\u6709\u591a\u719f\uff0c\u4f60\u90fd\u4e0d\u6703\u554f\uff1a\u4f60\u5011\u5728\u54ea\u88e1\u4f5c\u611b\uff1f\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u610f\u7fa9\uff1a\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u548c\u518d\u73fe\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u518d\u73fe\u7684\u6642\u6a5f\u90fd\u6709\u7dca\u5bc6\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

5<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5404\u4f4d\u5982\u679c\u9084\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u500b\u4e2d\u7684\u8e4a\u8e7a\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u89e3\u91cb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5750\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u81e5\u5ba4\u88e1\u548c\u5973\u4e3b\u4eba\u804a\u5929\uff0c\u4f60\u6703\u4e0d\u6703\u60f3\uff1a\u55ef\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u6628\u665a\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u4f5c\u611b\u2026\uff1f\uff08\u4e0d\u6703\uff1f\uff09\u4f60\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u548c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u554f\u984c\u4e4b\u9593\u65e9\u5df2\u8a2d\u597d\u4e86\u5340\u9694\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u4f60\u53ea\u8981\u7a0d\u7a0d\u63a8\u7406\u5c31\u6703\u4e0d\u8a00\u800c\u55bb\uff1a\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u6703\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u7136\u5979\u5011\u9084\u80fd\u53bb\u54ea\u88e1\uff1f\u597d\uff0c\u518d\u591a\u4e00\u9ede\u63a8\u7406\uff1a\u90a3\u5728\u5ba2\u5ef3\u88e1\u6703\u4e0d\u6703\uff1f\u6d74\u5ba4\u88e1\u5462\uff1f\u5eda\u623f\u5462\uff1f\u66f8\u623f\u5462\uff1f\uff08\u5047\u82e5\u5979\u5011\u6709\u9019\u9ebc\u591a\u623f\u9593\u7684\u8a71\uff09\uff0c\u8d70\u9053\u4e0a\u5462\uff1f\u967d\u53f0\u5462\uff1f\u6a13\u68af\u9593\u5462\uff1f\u5730\u4e0b\u505c\u8eca\u5834\u5462\uff1f\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u5176\u5be6\u5728\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u662f\u5f88\u6c92\u6709\u5275\u610f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u7d93\u9a57\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u554f\u4e0d\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u591a\u77e5\u9053\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u5f97\u6c42\u52a9\u65bcA\u7247\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u62cd\u7247\u4eba\u57fa\u65bc\u5e02\u5834\u7684\u9700\u8981\u9664\u4e86\u6703\u4e0d\u65b7\u63db\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u63db\u819a\u8272\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u7121\u6240\u4e0d\u7528\u5176\u6975\u5730\u63db\u7a7a\u9593\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u651d\u5f71\u6a5f\u80fd\u67b6\u5f97\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u90fd\u884c\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u91dd\u5b54\u651d\u5f71\u6a5f\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5728\u5beb\u5be6\u7684\u6280\u8853\u4e0a\u53c8\u66f4\u9032\u4e86\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u7d42\u65bc\u53ef\u4ee5\u62cd\u5230\u8eb2\u5728\u66f8\u684c\u5e95\u4e0b\u7684\u93e1\u982d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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6<\/span><\/p>\n

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7<\/span><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u5b78\u751f\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\u6821\u5712\u5167\u7684\u6027<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u5411\u6dd1\u60e0\uff08\u4e2d\u592e\u5927\u5b78\u82f1\u7f8e\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u751f\uff09<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7576\u6e05\u5927\u6821\u5712\u7684\u60c5\u6bba\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d7\u5230\u5ee3\u5927\u5a92\u9ad4\u793e\u6703\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u518d\u6b21\u62ab\u9732\u7684\u662f\u9577\u4e45\u4ee5\u4f86\u9019\u500b\u793e\u6703\u4e00\u518d\u5c07\u60c5\u6b32\u95dc\u4fc2\u55ae\u4e00\u548c\u672c\u8cea\u5316\u6240\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u5371\u96aa\u6027\u3002\u800c”\u60c5\u6bba\u4e8b\u4ef6\u767c\u751f\u5728\u6821\u5712”\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u62db\u81f4\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u548c\u63a2\u8a0e\uff0c\u4e5f\u76f4\u63a5\u5370\u8b49\u793e\u6703\u53ca\u5b78\u6821\u5c0d\u65bc\u5b78\u751f\u60c5\u617e\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u58d3\u5236\u53d7\u5230\u6311\u6230\u3002\uff08\u5b78\u751f\u2500\u2500\u9019\u500b\u5176\u5be6\u60c5\u617e\u8c50\u5bcc\u537b\u4e00\u518d\u5730\u88ab\u53bb\u6027\u5316\u770b\u5f85\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\u2500\u2500\u7adf\u7136\u5f9e\u5370\u8c61\u4e2d\u4e56\u4e56\u724c\u7684\u9ad8\u6750\u751f\u4e00\u8b8a\u800c\u6210\u56e0\u918b\u610f\u800c\u52d5\u6bba\u6a5f\u7684\u6bba\u4eba\u72af\u3002\u77e5\u8b58\u4efd\u5b50\u2500\u2500\u901a\u66f8\u7b54\u79ae\u7684\u793e\u6703\u83c1\u82f1\u2500\u2500\u7adf\u6416\u8eab\u4e00\u8b8a\u5408\u529b\u6f14\u51fa\u8840\u8165\u8b00\u6bba\u5287\u3002\uff09\u7136\u5f8c\u5404\u7a2e\u63e3\u6e2c\u548c\u89e3\u91cb\u61c9\u8072\u51fa\u7c60\uff1a\u9019\u4e9b\u4eba\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5fc3\u88e1\u504f\u6fc0\u3001\u500b\u6027\u5c08\u610e\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u8106\u5f31\u3001\u500b\u4eba\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u9069\u61c9\u4e0d\u826f\u7b49\u7b49\u800c\u51fa\u554f\u984c\uff1b\u537b\u5b8c\u5168\u5426\u8a8d\u793e\u6703\u6587\u5316\u5c0d\u60c5\u617e\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u5c0d\u5f85\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u885d\u7a81\u77db\u76fe\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5927\u5e45\u9f13\u5439\u4e00\u5c0d\u4e00\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3001\u641e\u771f\u611b\u904b\u52d5\uff1b\u53ef\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u537b\u5c07\u50cf\u6d2a\u66c9\u6167\u7b49\u4eba\u6975\u7aef\u5730\u75c5\u7406\u5316\u3001\u56e0\u7d20\u500b\u4eba\u5316\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u96b1\u800c\u4e0d\u898b\u793e\u6703\u81ea\u8eab\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u5f31\u9ede\uff08\u5805\u6301\u8981\u6c42\u4e00\u5c0d\u4e00\u7684\u60c5\u617e\u95dc\u4fc2\uff09\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u58d3\u8feb(monosexism)\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u56de\u5230\u5b78\u751f\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u5f9e\u66f8\u5beb\u4e00\u822c\u6821\u5712\u5167\u900f\u904e\u7a2e\u7a2e\u5c0d\u65bc\u7a7a\u9593\u548c\u6821\u898f\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\uff0c\u5b78\u6821\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6253\u58d3\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b78\u751f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u63a7\u7ba1\u4e0b\u9003\u9038\u51fa\u591a\u5143\u7684\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\u7a7a\u9593\u4f86\u8b49\u660e\uff1a\u5b78\u751f\u662f\u6709\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u591a\u7570\u5230\u8d85\u904e\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b78\u6821\u67d0\u4e9b\u898f\u7bc4\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u4e00\u4e00\u6233\u7834\u6216\u4e0d\u653b\u81ea\u7834\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u52a0\u901f\u5404\u985e\u6027\u7a7a\u9593\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

a\uff0e\u4e00\u822c\u5927\u5b78\u6821\u5712\u5167\uff0c\u5b78\u6821\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u5404\u7a2e\u898f\u8a13\u4f86\u9632\u5835\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u6027\u95dc\u4fc2\u767c\u5c55\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u9580\u7981\u4e00\u6642\u9593\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c07\u5973\u751f\u96c6\u9ad4\u770b\u7ba1\u9019\uff08\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u6027\u5225\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u5c0d\u5f85\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. \u6559\u5ba4\u4e0b\u8ab2\u5f8c\u4e00\u6703\u9396\u9580\u2500\u2500\u7a7a\u9593\u4f7f\u7528\u53ea\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u5c11\u6578\u4eba\u624b\u4e0a\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. \u8b66\u885b\u7684\u76e3\u7763\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u4fdd\u8b77\u4e0d\u8db3\u2500\u2500\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5b78\u6821\u8b66\u885b\u7121\u6cd5\u6709\u6548\u4fdd\u8b77\u540c\u5b78\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. \u85c9\u53e3\u6821\u5712\u665a\u4e0a\u6709\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u9670\u6697\uff0c\u540c\u5b78\u6700\u597d\u4e0d\u8981\u6d89\u8db3;\u6216\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u50cf\u5ec1\u6240\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u56e0\u4e0d\u5920\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7406\u7531\u800c\u52a0\u88dd\u9694\u677f\u3001\u6216\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u88dd\u4e0a\u5237\u5361\u2026..\u53ea\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u9694\u96e2\u5916\u754c\uff0c\u537b\u7121\u6cd5\u9632\u7bc4\u50cf\u6e05\u5927\u7684\u60c5\u6bba\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u767c\u751f\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. \u6709\u4e9b\u898f\u7bc4\u660e\u6587\u7981\u6b62\u5e2b\u751f\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u60c5\u617e\u767c\u5c55\u53ef\u80fd\u4e2d\u2500\u2500\u64d4\u4efb\u8001\u5e2b\u52a9\u7406\u4e0d\u80fd\u548c\u8001\u5e2b\u767c\u751f\u611b\u60c5\u95dc\u4fc2\u2500\u2500\u6050\u5f71\u97ff\u5b78\u8853\u4e2d\u6b63\u3001\u516c\u5e73\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    b\uff0e\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7121\u6cd5\u898f\u7bc4\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u537b\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f5c\u7528 :<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u6821\u5712\u5167\u6697\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u8b93\u5b78\u751f\u66f4\u52a0\u653e\u5fc3\u53bb\u505a\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u64d4\u5fc3\u71c8\u592a\u4eae\u88ab\u770b\u5230\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n
    2. \u6bcf\u500b\u5927\u5b78\u90fd\u6709\u7684\u540c\u5c45\u8857(\u6700\u76f4\u63a5)\u2500\u2500\u53e6\u95e2\u65b0\u6a02\u5712\u3002\u5ec1\u6240\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u7684\u9694\u81e8\u8a2d\u8a08\u2500\u2500\u5f62\u6210\u66f4\u96b1\u5bc6\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u58de\u8655\u662f\u5982\u679c\u6709\u58de\u4eba\u95d6\u5165\u7684\u8a71\u6703\u66f4\u52a0\u5371\u96aa\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n
    3. \u7537\u751f\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e00\u8d77\u4f4f\u3001\u5973\u751f\u4e00\u8d77\u4f4f\u7684\u9694\u96e2\u65b9\u5f0f\u4fbf\u5229\u65bc\u540c\u6027\u6200\u7684\u6027\u7a7a\u9593\u767c\u5c55\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n
    4. \u7db2\u8def\u7684\u67b6\u8a2d\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u8981\u7b26\u5408\u5b78\u6821\u67d0\u7a2e”\u79d1\u6280\u773c\u5149”\u7684\u9ad8\u8d85\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b78\u751f\u5229\u7528\u7db2\u8def\u4f86\u73a9\u4e00\u591c\u60c5\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n
    5. \u5b78\u6821\u898f\u7bc4\u70ba\u4e86\u9ad4\u73fe\u6821\u5712\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u7121\u6027\u7d14\u6f54\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u898f\u7bc4\u537b\u53cd\u5012\u6210\u70ba\u65b9\u4fbf\u5b78\u751f\u5f9e\u4e8b\u5404\u5f0f\u5404\u6a23\u7684\u6027\u76f8\u95dc\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u7d93\u904e\u6642\u9593\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u898f\u8a13\u5f8c\uff0c\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u88ab\u9650\u5b9a\u5728\u5c11\u6578\u539f\u672c\u5c31\u8f03\u6709\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u624b\u4e0a\u2500\u2500\u8001\u5e2b\uff0c\u4e5f\u66f4\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u800c\u5b78\u6821\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u8b93\u6821\u5712\u8b8a\u6210\u6210\u9019\u9ebc\u4e00\u500b\u7121\u6027\u7684\u3001\u55ae\u7d14\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u662f\u60f3\u8981\u8b93\u5b78\u8853\u5f97\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u4e2d\u7acb\u7d14\u6de8\u4ee5\u4eab\u6709\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u968e\u7d1a\u5f85\u9047\u8cc7\u6e90\u4e0a\u7684\u512a\u52e2\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u900f\u904e\u4e00\u9023\u4e32\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u898f\u8a13\u610f\u5716\u4f7f\u5b78\u751f\u6210\u70ba\u7121\u6027\u500b\u9ad4\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4fbf\u5229\u63a7\u7ba1\u54c1\u8cea\u4ee5\u9ad4\u73fe\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u67d0\u7a2e\u300c\u6e05\u8b7d\u300d\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u5c0d\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u884c\u52d5\u9020\u6210\u59a8\u5bb3\u3002\u5b78\u6821\u5fc5\u9808\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u5176\u5be6\u6709\u6b0a\u5229\u9078\u64c7\u500b\u4eba\u79c1\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5167\u5bb9\uff1b\u800c\u6821\u5712\u7a7a\u9593\u662f\u8b93\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u771f\u7684\u8981\u9632\u6b62\u50cf\u6e05\u5927\u60c5\u6bba\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u6211\u89ba\u5f97\u6539\u5584\u4e00\u822c\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u8f14\u5c0e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e88\u4eba\u7684\u51b7\u6f20\u5370\u8c61\u548c\u9ad8\u50b2\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u9019\u4e9b\u6d88\u6975\u9632\u5835\u9084\u4f86\u7684\u6709\u6548\u591a\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u7562\u6046\u9054(\u53f0\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5efa\u7bc9\u8207\u57ce\u9109\u7814\u7a76\u6240)\u3000<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

      \u6821\u5712\uff08\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u5225\uff09<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5b78\u8853\u754c\u8fd1\u5341\u5e74\u4f86\u5728\u5a66\u5973\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u624d\u6f38\u6f38\u6709\u8f03\u591a\u7684\u6027\u5225\u7814\u7a76\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6821\u5712\u4e4b\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u5225\u95dc\u4fc2\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5927\u5b78\u5973\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u96d6\u7136\u5df2\u5feb\u8d95\u4e0a\u7537\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u6578\u76ee\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u78a9\u58eb\u7d1a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u5973\u751f\u4ecd\u7136\u53ea\u4f54\u7d0420\uff05\u3002\u5927\u5c08\u8b1b\u5e2b\u4e2d\uff0c\u670943\uff05\u70ba\u5973\u6559\u5e2b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6b63\u6559\u6388\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u53ea\u67099\uff05\u70ba\u5973\u6027\u3002\u986f\u898b\u5927\u5c08\u6821\u5712\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4ee5\u7537\u6027\u70ba\u4e3b\u5c0e\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u3002\u800c\u5973\u6027\u6559\u5e2b\u8207\u5973\u5b78\u751f\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u53d7\u5230\u6b67\u8996\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u6c42\u751f\u5b58\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u503c\u5f97\u63a2\u8a0e\u7684\u554f\u984c\u662f\u5e2b\u751f\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u7537\u6027\u6559\u5e2b\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u5c0d\u5f85\u5973\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u65bc\u7d93\u5e38\u300c\u904e\u300d\u6216\u300c\u4e0d\u53ca\u300d\u3002\u5973\u5b78\u751f\u6700\u5e38\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u5c31\u662f\u88ab\u8996\u800c\u4e0d\u898b\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u88ab\u8ce6\u4e88\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u671f\u671b\u3002\u66fe\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7684\u6559\u6388\u5c0d\u5973\u5b78\u751f\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u59b3\u5011\u8b80\u7684\u4e0d\u597d\u6c92\u6709\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u53cd\u6b63\u4ee5\u5f8c\u59b3\u5011\u8981\u5ac1\u7d66\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u7576\u592a\u592a\u3002\u300d\u85e5\u5b78\u7cfb\u7684\u6559\u6388\u5c0d\u5973\u5b78\u751f\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u59b3\u5011\u4ee5\u5f8c\u7576\u4e0d\u7576\u85e5\u5291\u5e2b\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u59b3\u5011\u5b78\u7684\u6771\u897f\u4ecd\u7136\u6703\u6709\u7528\u3002\u8d77\u78bc\u4ee5\u5f8c\u51fa\u5ac1\u7d50\u5a5a\uff0c\u5728\u5bb6\u88e1\u505a\u98ef\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u6293\u9e7d\u5df4\u6703\u6293\u7684\u6bd4\u5225\u4eba\u6e96\u3002\u300d\u8001\u5e2b\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u628a\u7537\u5b78\u751f\u7576\u4f5c\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u50b3\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7576\u5973\u5b78\u751f\u60f3\u7e7c\u7e8c\u653b\u8b80\u535a\u58eb\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u8001\u5e2b\u5c31\u6703\u518d\u4e09\u544a\u8aa1\uff0c\u8981\u5979\u4ed4\u7d30\u60f3\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u5c07\u4f86\u5f8c\u6094\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u985e\u8001\u5e2b\u5247\u4ee5\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u6703\u7279\u5225\u7167\u9867\u5973\u5b78\u751f\u3002\u4e00\u4f4d\u6559\u5e2b\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u7576\u7136\u6c92\u6709\u6027\u5225\u6b67\u8996\uff0c\u73ed\u4e0a\u5973\u751f\u8003\u4e94\u5341\u5e7e\u5206\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u7d66\u5979\u516d\u5341\u5206\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u7cfb\u6240\u4e5f\u66fe\u6d41\u50b3\uff0c\u73ed\u4e0a\u5973\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u5206\u5c31\u662f\u53ca\u683c\u5206\u6578\u3002\u800c\u5efa\u7bc9\u7cfb\u8a55\u5716\u66fe\u767c\u751f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u60c5\u7bc0\uff1a\u8001\u6559\u6388\u628a\u767c\u8868\u8a2d\u8a08\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u5973\u5b78\u751f\u7576\u4f5c\u5973\u5152\u4e00\u6a23\u770b\u5f85\uff0c\u8aaa\u4e00\u4e9b\u5653\u5bd2\u554f\u6696\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5c31\u7d66\u5979\u4e5d\u5341\u5206\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5973\u5b78\u751f\u4e0d\u8981\u6b67\u8996\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u9001\u5206\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u8981\u904e\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u4e0d\u53ca\uff09\u3002\u5979\u5011\u8981\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u53d7\u5230\u5145\u5206\u5c0a\u91cd\u8207\u5b78\u7fd2\u6210\u9577\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

      \uff08\u6821\u5712\u4e2d\u7684\uff09\u6027<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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      \u5b78\u8853<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5728\u8d99\u5f65\u5be7\u7684\u767c\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u5979\u5df2\u7d93\u8aaa\u660e\u7530\u91ce\u8abf\u67e5\u6cd5\u5728\u6587\u5316\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u7d93\u904e\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u53c3\u8207\u89c0\u5bdf\u5728\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u898f\u5283\u8a2d\u8a08\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u90fd\u5df2\u7d93\u662f\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u662f\u300c\u5c40\u5916\u4eba\u300d\u9084\u662f\u300c\u5728\u5730\u4eba\u300d\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u722d\u8ad6\u3002\u7d93\u904e\u99ac\u6797\u8afe\u65af\u57fa\u65e5\u8a18\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u3001\u88ab\u6b96\u6c11\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u3001\u76f8\u540c\u7530\u91ce\u4e0d\u540c\u8a6e\u91cb\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\u3001\u8a6e\u91cb\u5b78\u7684\u555f\u767c\u3001\u8207\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u53cd\u7701\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u4ee5\u53ca\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u5df2\u7d93\u9010\u6f38\u53d7\u5230\u5b78\u8853\u754c\u7684\u91cd\u8996\u8207\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

      Smith(1990)\u6307\u51fa\u4ee5\u7537\u6027\u70ba\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u4e3b\u5ba2\u4e8c\u5206\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ea\u5c55\u73fe\u5728\u7537\u6027\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u5bb6\u8eb2\u5728\u8c61\u7259\u5854\u88e1\u505a\u62bd\u8c61\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u4f7f\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e16\u754c\u812b\u96e2\uff1b\u800c\u4e14\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u7537\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u505a\u7406\u8ad6\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u52a9\u7406\u5e6b\u5fd9\u8abf\u67e5\u8a2a\u8ac7\u3001\u8dd1\u96fb\u8166\u7d71\u8a08\u3001\u6253\u5b57\u7b49\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u7537\u6027\u7406\u8ad6\u5bb6\u5c31\u66f4\u548c\u5973\u6027\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u812b\u7bc0\u3002Harding(1991)\u8a8d\u70ba\u77e5\u8b58\u90fd\u6df1\u690d\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u300c\u81ea\u7136\u300d(nature)\u505a\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u4e5f\u5f9e\u4f86\u4e0d\u66fe\u8d64\u88f8\u88f8\u5730\u8207\u6211\u5011\u76f8\u898b\uff0c\u5b83\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u793e\u6703\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5efa\u69cb\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u5979\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\u50b3\u7d71\u5be6\u8b49\u8ad6\u7684\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u865b\u5047\u7684\u5ba2\u89c0\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5ffd\u8996\u6b77\u53f2\u60c5\u5883\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5c0d\u65bc\u77e5\u8b58\u5efa\u69cb\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u53cd\u8eab\u6027\u7684\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027(reflexive subjectivity)\u4e5f\u8a31\u624d\u662f\u66f4\u5f37\u7684\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027(strong objectivity)\u3002Peshkin\u8aaa\uff1a\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027(subjectivity)\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3b\u89c0\u4e3b\u7fa9(subjectivism)\u3002\u7576\u4ed6\u4eba\u540c\u610f\u6211\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u9054\u5230\u76f8\u4e92\u4e3b\u9ad4\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u96c6\u9ad4\u5e7b\u89ba\u3002\u85c9\u8457\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u8aaa\u6211\u6240\u611f\u52d5\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u53bb\u9664\u4e3b\u89c0\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u8b8a\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u50f9\u503c\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8166\u888b\u7a7a\u7a7a\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u8a31\u591a\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5f37\u8abf\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u53cd\u7701\u3001\u5206\u6790\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u95dc\u4fc2\u3001\u5f37\u8abf\u5be6\u8e10\u3001\u8207\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\u7dad\u6301\u6bd4\u8f03\u5e73\u7b49\u4e92\u60e0\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3001\u4e0d\u4ee5\u5916\u52a0\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u8a9e\u8a00\u5f37\u52a0\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u6211\u5c31\u4ee5\u9019\u6b21\u7d00\u6167\u6587\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u722d\u8b70\u9762\u5411\u63d0\u51fa\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

      1) \u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u6c92\u6709\u7d55\u5c0d\u7684\u512a\u5148\u6027\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u512a\u52a3\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u5148\u554f\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u60f3\u8981\u56de\u7b54\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u8f03\u9069\u7576\u56de\u7b54\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7e3d\u662f\u5728\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u63d0\u554f\u3001\u6642\u9593\u3001\u8cc7\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u3001\u81ea\u8eab\u7279\u8cea\u8207\u80fd\u529b\u7b49\u8108\u7d61\u4e0b\u9078\u64c7\u6700\u9069\u7576\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

      2) \u8207\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\u4fdd\u6301\u5b8c\u5168\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u4ecd\u7136\u638c\u63e1\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u624b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u8ff4\u907f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u5225\u65bc\u50b3\u7d71\u5be6\u9a57\u3001\u554f\u5377\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u7814\u7a76(\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\u5c0d\u65bc\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u9032\u884c\u8207\u65b9\u5411\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8cea\u7591\u3001\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\u7a7a\u9593)\uff0c\u8cea\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u5e0c\u671b\u63d0\u4f9b\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8207\u77e5\u8b58\u3001\u9080\u8acb\u4ed6\u5011\u4e00\u8d77\u53c3\u8207\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u548c\u4ed6\u5011\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5206\u6790\u8207\u8a6e\u91cb\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u5f7c\u6b64\u300c\u8ce6\u6b0a\u300d(empower)\u3002\u7576\u7136\u8ce6\u6b0a\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u5c07\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u8207\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f37\u52a0\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u900f\u904e\u4e92\u52d5\uff0c\u958b\u62d3\u5f7c\u6b64\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

      3) \u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u6216\u662f\u7d14\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u9032\u5c55\uff0c\u9084\u5e0c\u671b\u6539\u5584\u7814\u7a76\u7530\u91ce\u7684\u8655\u5883\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

      4) \u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8a8d\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u8b8a\u6210\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\uff1b\u800c\u662f\u5c0a\u91cd\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u751f\u547d\u7d93\u9a57\u3001\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\u80fd\u5920\u767c\u8072\uff1b\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e0d\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u5148\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u5f37\u52a0\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u57fa\u65bc\u8ce6\u6b0a\u3001\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7d93\u5e38\u7814\u7a76\u5f31\u52e2\u3001\u908a\u7de3\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4f01\u5716\u88aa\u9664\u793e\u6703\u7684\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5e0c\u671b\u85c9\u7531\u7814\u7a76\u6539\u5584\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8655\u5883\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u5982\u679c\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\u662f\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u7684\u65e2\u5f97\u5229\u76ca\u8005\uff0c\u5247\u89e3\u69cb\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u6216\u8005\u5927\u65bc\u8ce6\u6b0a\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u9ede\u9084\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

      5) \u79d1\u5b78\u502b\u7406\u8207\u793e\u5340\u502b\u7406\u7684\u5169\u96e3\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e0d\u8981\u626d\u66f2\u8cc7\u6599\u6216\u9078\u64c7\u6027\u5229\u7528\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u88dd\u98fe\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u578b\u614b\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u53c8\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u50b7\u5bb3\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\u8207\u7530\u91ce\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5fc5\u9808\u4ed4\u7d30\u8003\u91cf\u5176\u5206\u6790\u8207\u5beb\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5728\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7d00\u6167\u6587\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u59a8\u5148\u95b1\u8b80\u5979\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u53ea\u6839\u64da\u5831\u7d19\u7684\u96bb\u5b57\u7247\u8a9e\uff0c\u5984\u52a0\u731c\u6e2c\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c31\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e94\u500b\u9762\u5411\u52a0\u4ee5\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u8f49\u8f09\u672c\u9801\u8acb\u4fdd\u7559\u7db2\u9801\u8a3b\u8a18<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \uff08\u9019\u662f1998\u5e743\u670821\u65e5\u7531\u4e2d\u5927\u6027\uff0f\u5225\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u548c\u6e05<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[312],"class_list":["post-1670","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-24","tag-312"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1670","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1670"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1670\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5663,"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1670\/revisions\/5663"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1670"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1670"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1670"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}