{"id":2066,"date":"1997-05-31T23:43:18","date_gmt":"1997-05-31T15:43:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/?p=2066"},"modified":"2021-07-03T14:32:42","modified_gmt":"2021-07-03T06:32:42","slug":"%e9%82%81%e5%90%91%e5%a4%9a%e5%85%83%e6%96%87%e5%8c%96%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2%e8%a6%96%e9%87%8e%e4%b8%8b%e7%9a%84%e6%80%a7%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2%ef%bc%9a%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2%e5%b0%b1%e6%98%af%e6%80%a7%e6%95%99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/1997\/05\/%e9%82%81%e5%90%91%e5%a4%9a%e5%85%83%e6%96%87%e5%8c%96%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2%e8%a6%96%e9%87%8e%e4%b8%8b%e7%9a%84%e6%80%a7%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2%ef%bc%9a%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2%e5%b0%b1%e6%98%af%e6%80%a7%e6%95%99\/","title":{"rendered":"\u9081\u5411\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u8996\u91ce\u4e0b\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\uff1a\u6559\u80b2\u5c31\u662f\u6027\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u5c31\u662f\u6559\u80b2"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u3010\u672c\u6587\u8207\u752f\u61c9\u658c\u5408\u5beb\uff0c\u767c\u8868\u65bc1997\u5e745\u670831\u65e5\u5e2b\u5927\u6559\u80b2\u7cfb\u4e3b\u8fa6\u4e4b\u300c\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u5be6\u969b\u300d\u570b\u969b\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\uff0c\u520a\u767b\u65bc\u300a\u5f9e\u9177\u5152\u7a7a\u9593\u5230\u6559\u80b2\u7a7a\u9593\u300b\uff0c\u4f55\u6625\u8564\u7de8\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u9ea5\u7530\uff0c2000\u5e74\u3002373-398\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u7684pdf\u6a94<\/a>\u5728\u6b64\u63d0\u4f9b\u95b1\u8b80\u5f15\u7528\u3011<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u9019\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\u88e1[1]<\/span>\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u8981\u8aaa\u660e\u5169\u500b\u807d\u8d77\u4f86\u591a\u9918\u800c\u7e41\u7463\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u5c31\u662f\u6027\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u5c31\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u9700\u8981\u5f9e\u9019\u5169\u9ede\u51fa\u767c\u4f86\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u4ee5\u53ca\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u8b8a\u9769\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8a00\u8ac7(discourse)\u61c9\u7576\u9023\u7d50\uff08\u6027\uff09\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8b8a\u9769\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6559\u80b2\u5c31\u662f\u6027\u6559\u80b2<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u90fd\u628a\u5b78\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u7b49\u540c\u65bc\u6b63\u5f0f\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5b78\u6821\u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u6027\u6559\u80b2\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u8fd1\u70ba\u4e86\u56e0\u61c9\u53f0\u7063\u793e\u6703\u7684\u6025\u901f\u8b8a\u9077\uff0c\u4e5f\u958b\u59cb\u51fa\u73fe\u4e00\u7a2e\u547c\u8072\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5b78\u6821\u52a0\u5f37\u5169\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u6216\u8005\u5e0c\u671b\u5b78\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u52a0\u5165\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u672c\u6587\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u662f\uff0c\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u73fe\u968e\u6bb5\u9700\u8981\u505a\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u548c\u6559\u5b78\u4e4b\u5916\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u6216\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u800c\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u3001\u5fb9\u5e95\u7684\u4f86\u6539\u8b8a\u6b64\u523b\u5b78\u6821\u4e2d\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u9032\u884c\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u6216\u96b1\u85cf\u7684\uff08\u6027\uff09\u6559\u80b2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300c\u6559\u80b2\u5c31\u662f\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7acb\u8ad6\u662f\u85c9\u52a9\u300c\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u300d(hidden curriculum)\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u4f86\u986f\u793a\uff1a\u6709\u95dc\u6027\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u3001\u898f\u7bc4\u3001\u8a8d\u540c\u3001\u6587\u5316\u610f\u7fa9\u3001\u77e5\u8b58\u3001\u5be6\u8e10\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u662f\u900f\u904e\u6b63\u5f0f\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4f86\u50b3\u905e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u66f4\u5e38\u662f\u900f\u904e\u300c\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u300d\u4f86\u50b3\u905e\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u5167\u5316\u7684(internalized)\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u6559\u80b2\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u6279\u5224\u7406\u8ad6\u5bb6\u6216\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u65e9\u5e74\u5728\u8ac7\u5230\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u7528\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u6587\u5316\u548c\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u518d\u751f\u7522\u6642\uff0c\u591a\u504f\u91cd\u7d93\u6fdf\u6216\u793e\u6703\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u9738\u6b0a\uff08\u5982\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u3001\u4ee3\u8b70\u6c11\u4e3b\u3001\u968e\u7d1a\u6587\u5316\u610f\u8b58\u3001\u7a2e\u65cf\u6b67\u8996\u7b49\u7b49\u5c64\u9762\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u5076\u800c\u4e5f\u6709\u6027\u5225\u8b70\u984c\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u5982Deem 47-52\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u628a\u6027\u6216\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u653e\u5728\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u7bc4\u7587\u5167\u4f86\u8ac7\uff0c\u5247\u6bd4\u8f03\u5c11\u898b[2]<\/a>\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6211\u5011\u8ac7\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u6642\uff0c\u5c07\u5ef6\u4f38\u539f\u4f86\u6709\u95dc\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u8a00\u8ac7\uff0c\u628a\u6027\u6216\u60c5\u617e(sexuality)\u7576\u4f5c\u4e00\u500b\u548c\u968e\u7d1a\uff0f\u7a2e\u65cf\uff0f\u65cf\u7fa4\uff0f\u6027\u5225\uff0f\u5e74\u9f61\u7b49\u7b49\u7bc4\u7587\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5728\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d\u88ab\u8907\u88fd\uff08\u518d\u751f\u7522\uff09\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n

Michael W. Apple\u8a8d\u70ba\u5b78\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u300d\u5c31\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u55ae\u55ae\u900f\u904e\u5b78\u751f\u5728\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u6b72\u6708\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e5\u5fa9\u4e00\u65e5\u8207\u5b78\u6821\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u548c\u4f8b\u884c\u516c\u4e8b\u5468\u65cb\uff0c\u5c31\u9ed8\u9ed8\u6559\u5c0e\u7d66\u5979\u5011\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u3001\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u3001\u548c\u50be\u5411<\/em>(14)\u3002<\/p>\n

E.\u00a0Vallance\u5247\u8aaa\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u66fe\u88ab\u591a\u6a23\u7684\u8a8d\u5b9a\u70ba\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u7684\u704c\u8f38\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5316\u3001\u670d\u5f9e\u548c\u67d4\u9806\u7684\u8a13\u7df4\u3001\u968e\u7d1a\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u7dad\u7e6b\u2026\u2026\u6211\u5247\u7528\u9019\u500b\u540d\u8a5e\u4f86\u6307\u6d89\u5b78\u6821\u4e2d\u90a3\u4e9b\u8207\u5b78\u696d\u6c92\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u95dc\u9023\u3001\u4f46\u662f\u9817\u70ba\u660e\u986f\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7d50\u679c\u96d6\u7136\u6c92\u6709\u5728\u516c\u5171\u8ad6\u8ff0\u4e2d\u88ab\u660e\u767d\u7684\u8aaa\u51fa\u4f86\u4f5c\u70ba\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u537b\u662f\u4e0d\u65b7\u7684\u3001\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u88ab\u7522\u751f\u51fa\u4f86<\/em>(13)\u3002<\/p>\n

Apple\u548cVallance\u5728\u6b64\u8655\u7684\u7c21\u77ed\u5b9a\u7fa9\u6697\u793a\uff0c\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u548c\u5b78\u7fd2\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0d\u8457\u75d5\u8de1\u7684\u3001\u96b1\u853d\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u81ea\u89ba\u7684\uff1b\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5728\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u5728\u50cf\u96c6\u9ad4\u6d3b\u52d5\uff08\u5982\u64cd\u5834\u96c6\u5408\uff09\u3001\u8ab2\u5916\u6d3b\u52d5\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u8f14\u5c0e\u3001\u6559\u5e2b\u7684\u8a55\u8a9e\u6216\u9592\u804a\u3001\u5b78\u751f\u7d44\u7e54\u3001\u8cde\u7f70\u898f\u5247\u8207\u5be6\u8e10\u3001\u8003\u8a66\u8a55\u6bd4\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5b78\u6821\u8a2d\u5099\u6216\u5834\u5730\u7684\u898f\u77e9\u3001\u5b78\u751f\u60c5\u7dd2\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff08\u5f9e\u55a7\u8b41\u6b61\u7b11\u5230\u5b89\u975c\uff09\u3001\u548c\u5e2b\u9577\u4ea4\u5f80\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u8a9e\u8a00\u7b49\u7b49\u7fd2\u4ee5\u70ba\u5e38\u7684\u3001\u898f\u5f8b\u6027\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u65e5\u5fa9\u4e00\u65e5\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u8207\u8a00\u8ac7\u4e2d\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u7684\u3002\u7d93\u7531\u9019\u7a2e\u96b1\u853d\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u300c\u5e38\u8b58\u300d\u7684\u793e\u6703\u610f\u7fa9\u6216\u77e5\u8b58\u5f97\u4ee5\u88ab\u6559\u5c0e\u6216\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u5167\u5316\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u793e\u6703\u5316(political socialization)\u5176\u5be6\u5f9e\u516c\u6c11\u8ab2\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u6240\u5f97\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u5012\u662f\u5728\u5b78\u751f\u548c\u5b78\u6821\u6b0a\u5a01\u7d50\u69cb\uff08\u884c\u653f\u4eba\u54e1\u3001\u6559\u5b98\u3001\u8001\u5e2b\u3001\u73ed\u7d1a\u5e79\u90e8\uff09\u4e92\u52d5\u4e2d\u5b78\u7fd2\u66f4\u591a(Apple 84-85)\u3002<\/p>\n

Diller\u8207Houston\u5df2\u7d93\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u9ad4\u80b2\u6d3b\u52d5\u548c\u9ad4\u80b2\u8ab2\u4e2d\u7684\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u4e0d\u50c5\u5c07\u300c\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u300d\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65bc\u300c\u975e\u516c\u958b\u898f\u5283\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u300d(learning that is not openly intended)\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5c07\u300c\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u300d\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65bc\u5b78\u6821\u548c\u5b78\u6821\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5834\u666f\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u5426\u660e\u986f\u7684\u6d89\u53ca\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u66f4\u6709\u751a\u8005\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u5f37\u8abf\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u805a\u7126\u65bc\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u8005\u5718\u9ad4(188-189)\uff0c\u5982\u5973\u751f\u3001\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u5b78\u751f\u3001\u6b98\u969c\u5b78\u751f\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee5\u63ed\u9732\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u5167\u6db5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u66f4\u5bec\u5ee3\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\uff08\u7279\u5225\u662f\u4e0a\u8ff0Vallance\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u6240\u6697\u793a\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u300c\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u300d\u4e5f\u61c9\u8a72\u5305\u542b\u5085\u67ef(Michel Foucault)\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u7ba1\u6559\u8207\u7d00\u5f8b\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u99b4\u8a13\u6216\u898f\u8a13\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u5100\u5f0f\u3001\u5236\u670d\u3001\u59ff\u52e2\u898f\u5b9a\u3001\u7a7a\u9593\u8207\u4eba\u54e1\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u9ede\u540d\u3001\u5e74\u7d1a\u548c\u73ed\u7d1a\u7684\u5340\u5206\uff09\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u4f5c\u606f\u7684\u6642\u9593\u8868\u3001\u8003\u8a66\u3001\u500b\u6848\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8a18\u9304\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5b78\u751f\u81ea\u6cbb\uff08\u5206\u5c64\u76e3\u7ba1\uff09\u2026\u2026\u7b49\u7b49(Discipline<\/em> 170-194)\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u8eab\u9ad4\u99b4\u8a13\u4f7f\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u300c\u807d\u8a71\u300d\u3001\u300c\u67d4\u9806\u300d\u3001\u66f4\u300c\u597d\u7528\u300d\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6309\u7167\u6559\u80b2\u5efa\u5236\u6240\u671f\u671b\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\u6709\u5efa\u8a2d\u6027\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u5b78\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u5f97\u4ee5\u9032\u884c\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u96d6\u7136\u6279\u5224\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u8ad6\u5bb6\u65e9\u5e74\u4e26\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u5085\u67ef\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7576\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u50cf\u5e7c\u7a1a\u5712\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5316\uff0f\u6559\u80b2\u904e\u7a0b\u6642\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4e5f\u5728\u9762\u5c0d\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u3001\u6709\u95dc\u99b4\u8a13\u7684\u554f\u984c\u610f\u8b58\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cApple\u66fe\u63d0\u5230\u5e7c\u7a1a\u5712\u5b78\u751f\u61c9\u8a72\u5b78\u6703\u7684\u56db\u500b\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u793e\u6703\u5316\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u2014\u2014\u4ea6\u5373\uff0c\u548c\u5225\u4eba\u5171\u7528\u6771\u897f\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u807d\u3001\u628a\u6771\u897f\u6536\u8d77\u4f86\u3001\u9032\u884c\u6559\u5ba4\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u898f\u6d3b\u52d5(53)\u2014\u2014\u5176\u4e2d\u986f\u7136\u5fc5\u9808\u6709\u5085\u67ef\u5f0f\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u7d00\u5f8b\u540c\u6642\u5728\u80cc\u666f\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\uff08\u4f46\u662fApple\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u771f\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u8eab\u9ad4\u9019\u500b\u5c64\u6b21\uff09\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0cApple\u8a8d\u70ba\u6700\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u5b78\u6821\u751f\u6d3b\uff08\u5e7c\u7a1a\u5712\u6216\u5c0f\u5b78\uff09\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u5b78\u751f\u5c0d\u65bc\u81ea\u8eab\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8a8d\u540c\u548c\u5b78\u7fd2\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u5f8c\u4f86\u5b78\u6821\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6210\u529f\u8207\u5426\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\uff1b\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u7d93\u9a57\u4e5f\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u5e38\u614b\uff0f\u504f\u5dee\u4e4b\u5206\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0f\u73a9\u800d\u4e4b\u5206\u3001\u4e3b\u89c0\uff08\u6211\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\uff09\uff0f\u5ba2\u89c0\uff08\u5b78\u6821\u77e5\u8b58\uff09\u4e4b\u5206(Apple 51)\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5b78\u751f\u6c92\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u505a\u9019\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5340\u5206\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u6839\u672c\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u66f4\u9051\u8ad6\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u9738\u6b0a\u7684\u8907\u88fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u904e\uff0cApple\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u5e7c\u7a1a\u5712\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5316\u904e\u7a0b\u6642\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e2d\u660e\u986f\u7684\u6df7\u96dc\u8457\u300c\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5efa\u69cb\u300d(social construction of reality)\u5b78\u6d3e\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u5916[3]<\/a>\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u548c\u9019\u500b\u5b78\u6d3e\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u4eba\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5c07\u610f\u7fa9\u6216\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u5efa\u69cb\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5354\u5546(negotiated)\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u9019\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c0dApple\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u55ae\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u5168\u9762\u5bb0\u5236\uff08\u5085\u67ef\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u7d00\u5f8b\u8aaa\u6cd5\u5247\u5e38\u7d66\u4eba\u9019\u7a2e\u5370\u8c61\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u7e3d\u662f\u6703\u906d\u9047\u53d7\u6559\u8005\u7684\u62b5\u6297[4]<\/a>\u3001\u632a\u7528\u3001\u5354\u5546\u2014\u2014\u96d6\u7136\u6821\u65b9\u6216\u6559\u5e2b\u6703\u6bd4\u5b78\u751f\u66f4\u6709\u529b\u91cf\u548c\u8cc7\u6e90\u53bb\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5354\u5546\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u4e0d\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u5b78\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u610f\u7fa9\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u7e3d\u662f\u5728\u5be6\u5730\u7684\u6559\u5ba4\u4e92\u52d5\u4e2d\u88ab\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u4f86\u7684(Apple 52-53)\u3002\u9019\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u8457\uff0c\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7e3d\u662f\u300c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u300d(curriculum in use)\u2014\u2014\u5e38\u614b\uff0f\u504f\u5dee\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u67b6\u69cb\u8207\u77e5\u8b58\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u7e3d\u662f\u7d93\u904e\u6559\u5e2b\u7684\u904e\u6ffe\u4ee5\u53ca\u6559\u5ba4\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u800c\u88ab\u5354\u5546\u50b3\u905e\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8d85\u51fa\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc\u6b63\u5f0f\u8ab2\u7a0b\u5167\u5bb9\u7684\u610f\u7fa9(Apple 51)\u3002\u66f4\u6709\u751a\u8005\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u6b63\u5f0f\u6216\u96b1\u85cf\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u968e\u7d1a\uff0f\u6027\u5225\uff0f\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u5206\u5316\uff1b\u4ea6\u5373\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u968e\u7d1a\uff0f\u6027\u5225\uff0f\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5f9e\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u5167\u5bb9\u5b78\u7fd2\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u548c\u5be6\u8e10(Apple 33-34\uff1bTrudell 167)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u524d\u9762\u8aaa\u904e\uff0c\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u9ed8\u9ed8\u6559\u5c0e\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u6703\u88ab\u6559\u5e2b\u660e\u986f\u7576\u4f5c\u6559\u5b78\u76ee\u6a19\u6216\u8005\u660e\u767d\u5ba3\u544a\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u6216\u898f\u7bc4(Apple 84)\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u50cf\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5e7c\u7a1a\u5712\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7576\u6559\u80b2\u8005\u6709\u5341\u5206\u5f37\u70c8\u660e\u986f\u7684\u4f01\u5716\u5c07\u5b78\u6821\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u653f\u6cbb\u6559\u5316\u6216\u793e\u6703\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6642\uff0c\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u5c31\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u96b1\u85cf\u7684(Apple 49)\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u4e5f\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u63ed\u9732\u9019\u4e9b\u6216\u660e\u6216\u6697\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u986f\u793a\u6559\u80b2\u5c31\u662f\u6027\u6559\u80b2[5]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u73fe\u6709\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u95dc\u300c\u6027\u5225\u300d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u300c\u6027\u300d\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u5c11\u7684\u8003\u5bdf\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u5b78\u6821\u4e2d\uff0c\u6027\u5225\u7684\u9694\u96e2\u8207\u5340\u5225\u56fa\u7136\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5f37\u5316\u5169\u6027\u4e4b\u5225\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u63aa\u65bd\u5f80\u5f80\u4e5f\u6709\u6027\u7684\u610f\u542b\uff0c\u9019\u90e8\u4efd\u53c8\u9700\u8981\u85c9\u52a9\u5085\u67ef\u5728The History of Sexuality<\/u>\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c0\u9ede\u4f86\u89c0\u5bdf\u3002\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u8aaa\uff0c\u5085\u67ef\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u6027\uff08\u6216\u6109\u6085\uff09\u8207\u6b0a\u529b\u4e4b\u9593\u50c5\u50c5\u8996\u70ba\u6709\u8457\u4e00\u500b\u55ae\u5411\u7684\u3001\u5f8c\u8005\u58d3\u6291\u524d\u8005\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u800c\u61c9\u7576\u53bb\u8a8d\u8b58\u6b0a\u529b\u5982\u4f55\u8a98\u767c\u3001\u9f13\u52d5\u300c\u6027\u300d\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6b0a\u529b\u8207\u6027\uff08\u6109\u6085\uff09\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u4e92\u76f8\u6fc0\u767c\u7684\uff1b\u5728\u6b0a\u529b\u5c0d\u6027\u7684\u4e0d\u65b7\u76e3\u7ba1\u4ee5\u53ca\u6027\u5c0d\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u4e0d\u65b7\u9003\u907f\u4e2d\uff0c\u96d9\u65b9\u90fd\u6703\u87ba\u65cb\u4f3c\u5730\u4e0d\u65b7\u6500\u5347\u3002\u85c9\u8457\u6027\u7684\u64f4\u5f35\u5ef6\u4f38\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u69cb\u6210\u500b\u4eba\u8a8d\u540c\uff0c\u6b0a\u529b\u4e5f\u66f4\u80fd\u7a7f\u900f\u500b\u9ad4\u3001\u5efa\u69cb\u500b\u9ad4\u3001\u7d30\u7dfb\u5fb9\u5e95\u7684\u638c\u7ba1\u500b\u9ad4\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u56e0\u8457\u65bd\u5c55\u6b0a\u529b\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u6109\u6085\u3002\u5f9e\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u51fa\u767c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u73fe\u6709\u7684\u6027\u5225\u5206\u9694\u63aa\u65bd\u5728\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0a\u5c07\u6027\u8b8a\u6210\u7955\u5bc6\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e5f\u6703\u5e36\u6709\u8a98\u767c\u9f13\u52d5(incite)\u6027\u6216\u6027\u8a00\u8ac7(discourse)\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5ec1\u6240\u7684\u6027\u5225\u5206\u9694\u3001\u5973\u751f\u7684\u5236\u670d\u88d9\u88dd\uff08\u53ef\u88ab\u6380\u958b\u6232\u5f04\u6216\u7aba\u8996\uff09\u3001\u5c0d\u5973\u751f\u7d93\u671f\u7684\u96b1\u8af1\u614b\u5ea6\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u628a\u548c\u7570\u6027\u5b78\u751f\u76f8\u8655\u6216\u5171\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u734e\u52f5\u6216\u8005\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8b66\u6212\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u7b49\u7b49\u2500\u2500\u9019\u4e9b\u6027\u5225\u5340\u9694\u63aa\u65bd\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u9f13\u52d5\u6027\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\uff08\u8a98\u767c\u9f13\u52d5\u5f0f\u7684\uff09\u6027\u7684\u5efa\u69cb\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u5b78\u6821\u7576\u5c40\u4e3b\u89c0\u7684\u610f\u5716\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u65e9\u5e74\u5c0d\u65bc\u5b78\u751f\u670d\u88dd\u982d\u9aee\u7684\u56b4\u683c\u6aa2\u67e5\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u300c\u53bb\u6027\uff08\u5fb5\uff09\u5316\u300d(desexualization)\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53cd\u800c\u6bd4\u8f03\u63a5\u8fd1\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u6027\u58d3\u6291\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u5085\u67ef\u7684\u67b6\u69cb\u4e0b\u88ab\u89e3\u91cb[6]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u70ba\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6700\u5177\u9ad4\u6613\u898b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u5b78\u6821\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u6027\u5225\u5206\u9694\u5e36\u8457\u6975\u70ba\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u6027\u610f\u542b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u53f0\u7063\u5b78\u6821\u6539\u826f\uff08\u5584\uff09\u5ec1\u6240\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u67d0\u4e9b\u570b\u6c11\u5c0f\u5b78\u5916[7]<\/a>\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u5ec1\u6240\u90fd\u958b\u59cb\u5206\u9593\u800c\u4e14\u6bcf\u9593\u90fd\u96b1\u853d\u6709\u9580\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u4f46\u662f\u96b1\u79c1\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0f\u500b\u9ad4(individual\/ity)\u7684\u5efa\u69cb\uff0c\u4e5f\u9593\u63a5\u7684\u50b3\u9054\u4e86\u6027\uff0f\u751f\u6b96\u5668\uff0f\u8eab\u9ad4\u88f8\u9732\u662f\u500b\u7f9e\u6065\u7684\u6a19\u8a18\u3002\u9019\u5176\u4e2d\u9084\u6709\u5f88\u660e\u986f\u7684\u6027\u5225\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u5373\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u8eab\u9ad4\u6bd4\u7537\u6027\u8eab\u9ad4\u66f4\u9700\u8981\u96b1\u853d\u3002\u6211\u5011\u63a8\u6e2c\u9019\u7a2e\u96b1\u853d\u9694\u96e2\u7684\u99b4\u8a13\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u5f37\u5316\u5b78\u751f\u5c0d\u8eab\u9ad4\u7522\u751f\u7f9e\u6065\u611f\uff1b\u7562\u7adf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8aaa\u7f9e\u6065\u611f\u662f\u6bd4\u9ad4\u7f70\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u66f4\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u898f\u8a13\u7ba1\u6559\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u4e26\u975e\u5929\u751f\u5c31\u6709\u7684\u7f9e\u6065\u611f\u4fbf\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5fc5\u9808\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6301\u7e8c\u88ab\u5efa\u69cb\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u63aa\u65bd\u4e5f\u4f7f\u5f97\u5ec1\u6240\u6210\u70ba\u5b78\u751f\u548c\u6b0a\u529b\u6349\u8ff7\u85cf\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u5ec1\u6240\u9032\u884c\u624b\u6deb\u3001\u6027\u4ea4\u3001\u770b\u8272\u60c5\u66f8\u520a\u7b49\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u66f4\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u5077\u62bd\u7159\uff09\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u9019\u4e9b\u300c\u6349\u8ff7\u85cf\u300d\u6d3b\u52d5\u6709\u6642\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u91dd\u5c0d\u7f9e\u6065\u611f\u7684\u5efa\u69cb\u63d0\u51fa\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u627f\u8a8d\u4e86\u5176\u524d\u63d0\uff08\u627f\u8a8d\u6027\u6216\u624b\u6deb\u662f\u7f9e\u6065\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u4ecd\u7136\u843d\u5728\uff08\u5085\u67ef\u6240\u8b02\u7684\uff09\u6b0a\u529b\u5c0d\u5152\u7ae5\u624b\u6deb\u7684\u6027\u90e8\u7f72\u4e2d\uff1b\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u5426\u8a8d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u96b1\u853d\u7684\u5ec1\u6240\u4e0d\u4f46\u5e38\u5e38\u6210\u70ba\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u907f\u98a8\u6e2f\uff0c\u66f4\u5e38\u5e38\u6210\u70ba\u767c\u5c55\u62b5\u6297\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u65b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u5730\u4e0b\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u66f4\u4f55\u6cc1\uff0c\u5728\u5ec1\u6240\u4e2d\u624b\u6deb\u6216\u9032\u884c\u5176\u4ed6\u504f\u5dee\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u5c0d\u67d0\u4e9b\u6b21\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5c0f\u5708\u5b50\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u672a\u5fc5\u662f\u7f9e\u6065\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u5f37\u5316\u5c0d\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u6027\u610f\u8b58\uff08\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u7f9e\u6065\u6216\u5077\u6e21\uff09\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6027\u5225\u5206\u9694\u63aa\u65bd\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u5b8c\u5168\u7121\u601d(unthought)\u7684\u5c64\u6b21\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u6703\u80af\u5b9a\u7570\u6027\u6200\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6027\u610f\u8b58\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bbf\u820d\u7981\u6b62\u7537\u5973\u5171\u5bbf\u6216\u5171\u6d74\u7684\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u5728\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u5c31\u5047\u5b9a\u540c\u6027\u6200\u7684\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7570\u6027\u6200\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u50cf\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u9019\u985e\u6027\u5225\u7a7a\u9593\u5206\u9694\u63aa\u65bd\u7576\u7136\u4e5f\u5728\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u6027\u5225\u610f\u8b58\u3001\u968e\u7d1a\u610f\u8b58\u7b49\u7b49\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u4e00\u822c\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u3001\u9738\u6b0a\u7684\u6027\u610f\u8b58\u5f80\u5f80\u6ef2\u900f\u5230\u5b78\u6821\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5404\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u3001\u77e5\u8b58\u548c\u7ba1\u6559\u898f\u8a13\u624b\u6bb5\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u662f\u5f37\u5316\uff0f\u50b3\u905e\uff0f\u7dad\u6301\uff08\u6216\u8005\u7b56\u53cd\u3001\u6fc0\u52d5\uff09\u5b78\u751f\u5165\u5b78\u6642\u4fbf\u5df2\u5177\u5099\u7684\u6027\u610f\u8b58\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5c0d\u9738\u6b0a\u7684\u6027\u610f\u8b58\u63d0\u51fa\u8cea\u7591\u548c\u6279\u5224\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6b63\u5982\u6027\u5225\u6559\u80b2\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5fb7\u62c9\u6885\u7279(Sara Delamont)\u6240\u6307\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u5b78\u6821\u7531\u65bc\u6709\u6b0a\u5a01\u7d50\u69cb\u3001\u540c\u5115\u58d3\u529b\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5f37\u5316\u793e\u6703\u539f\u6709\u7684\u9738\u6b0a\u610f\u8b58\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u540c\u5115\u58d3\u529b\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5fb7\u62c9\u6885\u7279\u66fe\u63d0\u904e\uff0c\u7537\u5b78\u751f\u4ee5\u300c\u6027\u300d\u4f5c\u70ba\u5206\u985e\u5973\u751f\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u300c\u6b63\u6d3e\u300d\u7684\u5973\u751f\u4e0d\u6562\u63a5\u8fd1\u300c\u958b\u653e\u300d\u7684\u5973\u751f(147-149)\uff0c\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u5973\u6027\u5f7c\u6b64\u9694\u96e2\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f7f\u5f97\u6027\u8cc7\u6e90\u5c11\u7684\u5973\u751f\uff08\u4ea6\u5373\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6027\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3001\u6c92\u6709\u8655\u7406\u6027\u95dc\u4fc2\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u5973\u751f\uff09\u7121\u6cd5\u5411\u6027\u8cc7\u6e90\u591a\u7684\u5973\u751f\u7372\u5f97\u529b\u91cf\u6210\u9577\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u5728\u548c\u7537\u4eba\u7684\u6027\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\u66f4\u52a0\u8655\u65bc\u52a3\u52e2[8]<\/a>\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u6027\u5225\u6559\u80b2\u7814\u7a76\u8005Rosemary Deem\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u4ee5\u6027\u4f86\u5206\u985e\u5973\u751f\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u4e5f\u4f7f\u5973\u751f\u5728\u4eba\u683c\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0a\u5bb9\u6613\u9000\u7e2e(36)\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u5c0d\u5973\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u6027\u63a7\u5236\u4ee5\u53ca\u6027\u5225\u89d2\u8272\u898f\u7bc4\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u985e\u7537\u751f\u628a\u5973\u751f\u5206\u985e\u7684\u60c5\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7537\u751f\u4ee5\u5973\u751f\u7684\u80f8\u90e8\u6216\u6027\u5fb5\u70ba\u4f5c\u5f04\u5c0d\u8c61\u3001\u8d77\u7dbd\u865f\u3001\u8ac7\u8ad6\u7684\u8a71\u984c\uff0c\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u6821\u5712\u4e2d\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u666e\u904d\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff08\u898b\u8a3b7\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u66f4\u5f37\u5316\u6574\u9ad4\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u5225\u6b0a\u529b\u4f48\u5c40\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u898f\u7bc4\u5973\u751f\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5b78\u6821\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u5225\u89d2\u8272\u898f\u7bc4\u8207\u6027\u63a7\u5236\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6027\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\uff09\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u5230\u67d0\u4e9b\u7537\u751f\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5a18\u5a18\u8154\u800c\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u540c\u6027\u6200\u7684\u53f0\u7063\u4e2d\u5b78\u7537\u751f\u5e38\u5728\u6821\u5712\u4e2d\u906d\u5230\u6b3a\u4fae\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u5169\u817f\u5206\u958b\u62ac\u8d77\u649e\u6a39[9]<\/a>\u3002\u9019\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u5c0d\u6027\u591a\u5143(sexual variants)\u6216\u6027\u5c11\u6578(sexual minorities)\u7684\u6027\u58d3\u8feb\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5c31\u50cf\u4efb\u4f55\u58d3\u8feb\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u4ee5\u66b4\u529b\u70ba\u76f4\u63a5\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u5fc5\u9808\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u8001\u5e2b\u8207\u884c\u653f\u4eba\u54e1\u4e5f\u96e3\u9003\uff08\u88ab\u5b78\u751f\u3001\u540c\u5115\u548c\u300c\u898f\u8a13\u6b0a\u529b\u300d\uff09\u6027\u76e3\u7ba1\u7684\u547d\u904b\u3002\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u770b\u5230\u5b78\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6027\u5225\u860a\u542b\u8207\u9738\u6b0a\u7684\u6027\u610f\u8b58\u5171\u8b00\u5408\u6d41\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u73fe\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b78\u6821\u6559\u80b2\uff08\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u96b1\u85cf\u6216\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff09\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u771f\u7a7a\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\u5168\u9762\u7684\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u704c\u8f38\uff0c\u5e73\u65e5\u5b78\u751f\u4e4b\u9593\u900f\u904e\u4e92\u52d5\u800c\u5f7c\u6b64\u5207\u78cb\u4ea4\u6d41\u5b78\u7fd2\u4f86\u7684\u6027\u89c0\u5ff5\u8207\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u5c0d\u5b78\u751f\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9023\u8001\u5e2b\u6709\u6642\u4e5f\u7121\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u539f\u6709\u7684\u6027\u610f\u8b58\u6216\u8005\u5f9e\u6d41\u884c\u6587\u5316\u7fd2\u5f97\u7684\u6027\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u6642\u5019\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5b78\u6821\u55ae\u65b9\u9762\u6240\u8a2d\u5b9a\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u5167\u5bb9\u6240\u5b8c\u5168\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u53cd\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u5230\u8001\u5e2b\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u5b78\u751f\u3001\u548c\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7e3d\u662f\u300c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u300d\uff0c\u7e3d\u662f\u300c\u88ab\u5354\u5546\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u300d\u3002\u9019\u500b\u73fe\u8c61\u540c\u6642\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u5b78\u6821\u5916\u7684\u793e\u6703\u89c0\u5ff5\u8b8a\u9769\u548c\u793e\u6703\u53cd\u5c0d\u904b\u52d5\u4e4b\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6d41\u884c\u6587\u5316\u5fc5\u9808\u88ab\u6559\u80b2\u8005\u7576\u4f5c\u4e00\u7a2e\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u4f86\u6e90\u2014\u2014\u8f15\u5ffd\u6d41\u884c\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8cb6\u4f4e\u5b78\u751f\uff08\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u77e5\u8b58\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u7121\u6cd5\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u4e00\u7a2e\u53ef\u4ee5\u9023\u7e6b\u5b78\u6821\u77e5\u8b58\u548c\u69cb\u6210\u5b78\u751f\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6559\u5b78(Giroux and Simon 3)\u3002\u6545\u800c\uff0c\u548c\u793e\u6703\u53cd\u5c0d\u904b\u52d5\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u300c\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u300d(cultural studies)\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u6559\u80b2\u8005\u767c\u5c55\u6279\u5224\u5f0f\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9019\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u8457\uff1a\u80fd\u8b93\u5b78\u751f\u611f\u5230\u8eab\u9ad4\u6109\u6085\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u548c\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u904e\u7a0b\u9023\u7d50\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5b78\u751f\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u6709\u529b(empowered)\u3001\u4e26\u4e14\u4f7f\u5b78\u751f\u6210\u70ba\u617e\u671b\u4e3b\u9ad4\u3002\u6613\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u5fc5\u9808\u5305\u62ec\u6109\u6085\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6392\u65a5\u617e\u671b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56de\u5230\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u3002\u5c0d\u4eca\u5929\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u4e2d\u5b78\u8001\u5e2b\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6027\u5df2\u7d93\u8b8a\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6709\u95dc\u6027\u7684\u8a00\u8ac7\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5728\u6821\u5712\u9032\u884c\uff08\u898b\u8a3b7\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u8a31\u8a31\u591a\u591a\u7684\u6027\u89c0\u5ff5\u8207\u50f9\u503c\u5728\u8001\u5e2b\u3001\u8f14\u5c0e\u4eba\u54e1\u8207\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u4e2d\u88ab\u50b3\u905e\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e9b\u60c5\u6cc1\u96d6\u7136\u548c\u6027\u76f8\u95dc\u4f46\u5176\u6027\u610f\u542b\u537b\u4e0d\u88ab\u91cd\u8996\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982Deem\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5973\u751f\u88ab\u7537\u751f\u78b0\u89f8\uff0c\u5411\u8001\u5e2b\u6216\u6821\u65b9\u63d0\u51fa\u62b1\u6028\uff0c\u537b\u5e38\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u53ea\u662f\u7537\u751f\u7684\u597d\u52d5\u597d\u5947\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5973\u751f\u81ea\u5df1\u8a00\u884c\u4e0d\u6aa2(41)\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u6709\u4e9b\u60c5\u6cc1\u5247\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u548c\u6027\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u4f8b\u59821997\u5e74\u53f0\u5357\u67d0\u570b\u4e2d\u7684\u7537\u5973\u5b78\u751f\u76f8\u4e92\u63a5\u543b\u88ab\u8a18\u904e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7537\u751f\u5169\u5927\u904e\uff0c\u5973\u751f\u4e00\u5927\u904e\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u4f46\u8868\u9054\u51fa\u5c0d\u6027\u611b\u7684\u8ca0\u9762\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u6027\u5fc5\u7136\u662f\u7537\u4e3b\u52d5\u3001\u5973\u88ab\u52d5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3b\u52d5\u7684\u7537\u751f\u8981\u591a\u8ca0\u9ede\u8cac\u4efb\u800c\u627f\u64d4\u8f03\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u61f2\u7f70\u3002\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6d41\u884c\u8a71\u984c\u6216\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5247\u662f\u8f03\u9593\u63a5\u7684\u78b0\u89f8\u5230\u548c\u6027\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7236\u6bcd\u96e2\u5a5a\u3001\u8ff7\u6200\u6d41\u884c\u5076\u50cf\u3001\u6e1b\u80a5\u5065\u8eab\u3001\u523a\u9752\u7a7f\u6d1e\u3001\u5a5a\u59fb\u5c0d\u5973\u6027\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u3001\u9ad4\u80b2\u8ab2\u4e2d\u7684\u7d93\u671f\u554f\u984c\u3001\u7c97\u8a71\u3001\u5973\u6027\u9632\u8eab\u8853\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7537\u5973\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u3001\u6027\u4fb5\u5bb3\u7684\u9810\u9632\u3001\u61f7\u5b55\u8207\u300c\u5a5a\u524d\u300d\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u3001\u8272\u60c5\u66f8\u520a\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u4e2d\u5b78\u968e\u6bb5\u7d93\u5e38\u88ab\u8ac7\u53ca\u6216\u7ba1\u6559\u7684\u6027\u4e3b\u984c\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u793e\u6703\u6587\u5316\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u591a\u5143\uff0c\u6027\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u6210\u70ba\u6821\u5712\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u95dc\u5207\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c0d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u9019\u4e9b\u5e38\u8b58\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u6027\u8a00\u8ac7\u52a0\u4ee5\u6b78\u7d0d\u6574\u7406\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u5011\u6240\u860a\u6db5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5247\u6b78\u7d0d\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u8a8d\u70ba\u6027\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u5929\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u653f\u6cbb\u793e\u6703\u7684\u7522\u7269\u3002\u800c\u65e2\u7136\u73fe\u6709\u7684\u6027\u5e38\u8ecc\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u81ea\u7136\u5929\u751f\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5728\u5e38\u8ecc\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\u90fd\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u6703\u81ea\u52d5\u800c\u4e14\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u300c\u50b7\u5bb3\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6703\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u50b7\u5bb3\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u539f\u6709\u7684\u6027\u5e38\u8ecc\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u975e\u5e38\u8ecc\u7684\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\u9055\u80cc\u4e86\u4eba\u6027\u6216\u81ea\u7136\u9053\u5fb7\u5f8b\u800c\u9020\u6210\u7684\u2500\u2500\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u89c0\u9ede\u5c31\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e82\u502b\u7981\u5fcc\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u898f\u7bc4\uff08\u50cf\u8868\u5144\u59b9\u4e0d\u5f97\u6709\u6027\u611b\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u7981\u5fcc\uff09\u9020\u6210\u4e82\u502b\u7576\u4e8b\u4eba\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\uff08\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e82\u502b\u7684\u8868\u5144\u59b9\u7d42\u751f\u6709\u7f9e\u6065\u7f6a\u60e1\u611f\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e82\u502b\u884c\u70ba\u672c\u8eab\u6709\u67d0\u7a2e\u81ea\u7136\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u529b\u91cf\u9020\u6210\u7576\u4e8b\u4eba\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u5b83\u8a8d\u70ba\u6027\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u50cf\u6027\u5225\uff0f\u968e\u7d1a\uff0f\u65cf\u7fa4\u7b49\u7b49\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u662f\u500b\u6b0a\u529b\u58d3\u8feb\u7684\u554f\u984c\u2014\u2014\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e3b\u6d41\u5e38\u8b58\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u6027\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u6210\u4eba\u2215\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u3001\u8001\u5e2b\u2215\u5b78\u751f\u4e4b\u9593\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u6709\u5e73\u7b49\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u554f\u984c\uff08\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u65bc\u662f\u53cd\u6620\u70ba\u6210\u4eba\u5c0d\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u60c5\u617e\u9078\u64c7\u7684\u9650\u5236\u58d3\u8feb\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u591a\u5143\u6216\u908a\u7de3\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7a76\u7adf\u6709\u7121\u9078\u64c7\u6b0a\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff08\u53cd\u6620\u70ba\u6027\u898f\u7bc4\u5e38\u614b\u5c0d\u6027\u591a\u5143\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u58d3\u8feb\uff09\uff1b\u4ea6\u5373\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u6709\u7121\u6b0a\u5229\u8ffd\u6c42\u53e6\u985e\u7684\u3001\u591a\u6a23\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u8207\u6027\u611b\u65b0\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u88ab\u5f37\u8feb\u9650\u5236\u5728\u73fe\u6709\u5bb6\u5ead\u5a5a\u59fb\u7570\u6027\u6200\u7b49\u6027\u9ad4\u5236\u5167\uff08\u53cd\u6620\u70ba\u60c5\u617e\u4eba\u6b0a\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff09\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u5b83\u8a8d\u70ba\u6027\u662f\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u6240\u8b02sex negative\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\uff08\u5c0d\u6027\u62b1\u6301\u8ca0\u9762\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\uff09\uff1b\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6027\u4e0d\u50cf\u95b1\u8b80\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u88ab\u76f4\u89ba\u5730\u7576\u4f5c\u597d\u4e8b\u6216\u6b63\u9762\u7684\u4e8b\uff0d\uff0d\u96d6\u7136\u95b1\u8b80\u4e5f\u6703\u6709\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u6216\u7522\u751f\u60e1\u679c\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u7b2c\u56db\uff0c\u5b83\u8a8d\u70ba\u6027\u662f\u6027\u5225\u5206\u5316\u7684(gendered)\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u6027\u5c0d\u7537\u5973\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u5f37\u5ea6\u3001\u610f\u7fa9\u3001\u5f71\u97ff\u3001\u5f8c\u679c\u3001\u8868\u73fe\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u6027\u5225\u5247\u53c8\u88ab\u7576\u4f5c\u81ea\u7136\u6216\u4e0d\u6613\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u4e3b\u6d41\u5e38\u8b58\u4f7f\u5f97\u6027\u58d3\u8feb\u5e38\u5e38\u548c\u5a66\u5973\u58d3\u8feb\u76f8\u9023\u7d50\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6240\u5217\u7684\u56db\u9ede\u6216\u8a31\u4e0d\u80fd\u7aae\u76e1\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u4e3b\u6d41\u5e38\u8b58\u8a00\u8ac7\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u539f\u5247\u591a\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u7121\u601d\u7121\u89ba\u7684\u5c64\u6b21\u4e0a\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u7406\u6240\u7576\u7136\u7684\u5929\u7d93\u5730\u7fa9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u9019\u500b\u8a00\u8ac7\u4e4b\u5167\u6240\u5efa\u69cb\u7684\u6559\u5e2b\u8207\u5b78\u751f\u4e3b\u9ad4\u5f88\u96e3\u5411\u9019\u4e9b\u539f\u5247\u63d0\u51fa\u8cea\u7591\uff1b\u597d\u5728\u6821\u5712\u5167\u539f\u672c\u4e5f\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u300c\u554f\u984c\u300d\u5e2b\u751f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ea\u6709\u5979\u5011\u624d\u5728\u5be6\u8e10\u4e0a\u6216\u8a00\u8ac7\u4e0a\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u96f6\u661f\u7684\u53cd\u6297\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u300c\u5927\u59ca\u982d\u300d\u3001\u300c\u9738\u738b\u82b1\u300d\u3001\u6216\u6027\u958b\u653e\u7684\u5c11\u5973\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f9e\u6b21\u6587\u5316\u3001\u6d41\u884c\u6587\u5316\u3001\u6216\u4e0d\u77e5\u54ea\u88e1\u4f86\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u62fc\u6e4a\u51fa\u80fd\u8b93\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u6027\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u4e0a\u611f\u5230\u81ea\u4fe1\u3001\u6709\u529b\u3001\u6109\u6085\u7684\u8a6e\u91cb\u800c\u6c92\u6709\u5403\u8667\u6216\u53d7\u5bb3\u7684\u611f\u89ba\u3002\u7121\u7591\u7684\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8a00\u8ac7\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u4f7f\u5979\u5011\u66f4\u80fd\u58ef\u5927\u5f97\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c0d\u6297\u4e3b\u6d41\u8a00\u8ac7\u5c0d\u5979\u5011\u7684\u5efa\u69cb\u3002\u800c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u6559\u80b2\u8005\u6216\u300c\u5973\u6b0a\u4ee3\u8a00\u4eba\u300d\u5c0d\u6027\u958b\u653e\u5c11\u5973\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u8cea\u7591\u548c\u85d0\u8996\u6642\uff08\u8cea\u7591\u5979\u5011\u662f\u5426\u5920\u6210\u719f\u3001\u5920\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u5546\u54c1\u7269\u5316\u3001\u8ff7\u5931\u6216\u6c92\u6709\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u2014\u2014\u4f46\u537b\u6c92\u770b\u5230\u6bd4\u8d77\u4e56\u4e56\u597d\u5973\u4eba\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u6279\u6700\u6709\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u3001\u529b\u91cf\u3001\u52c7\u6c23\uff0c\u8207\u60e1\u52a3\u74b0\u5883\u9b25\u722d\u7684\u5c11\u5973\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6559\u80b2\u8005\u8207\u300c\u5973\u6b0a\u4ee3\u8a00\u4eba\u300d\u5c31\u6b63\u5728\u52a0\u5165\u4e3b\u6d41\u6027\uff0f\u5225\u9ad4\u5236\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u9752\u5c11\u5973\u7684\u7375\u6bba\u3002\u53ef\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u7d93\u5e38\u5c0d\u96b1\u85cf\u7684\u6216\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\uff08\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\uff09\u8ab2\u7a0b\u9032\u884c\u6709\u9650\u5ea6\u7684\u62b5\u6297\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u6703\u7528\u4ee4\u8001\u5e2b\u557c\u7b11\u7686\u975e\u7684\u7b11\u8a71\u6216\u8005\u4ee4\u6210\u4eba\u6975\u70ba\u4e0d\u6085\u7684\u9802\u5634\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u4f86\u985b\u8986\u6559\u5b78\u6216\u8005\u632a\u7528\u5ef6\u5c55\u6559\u5ba4\u7684\u8a00\u8ac7\u70ba\u5df1\u6240\u7528(Trudell 26, 167-170)\u3002\u540c\u6a23\u7684\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u57fa\u5c64\u6559\u5e2b\u6216\u8f14\u5c0e\u4eba\u54e1\u4e5f\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u958b\u660e\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff1b\u9762\u81e8\u6821\u65b9\u3001\u5bb6\u9577\u751a\u81f3\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u58d3\u529b\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u652f\u63f4\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5728\u6821\u5712\u5167\u958b\u555f\u53e6\u985e\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u53ef\u80fd(Trudell 27-28)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u8aaa\u5728\u5b78\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u539f\u672c\u5c31\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6027\u7684\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff08\u56e0\u800c\u6211\u5011\u8aaa\u6559\u80b2\u5c31\u662f\u6027\u6559\u80b2\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u76ee\u524d\u5927\u529b\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u6b63\u5f0f\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53c8\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5047\u8a2d\uff1f\u9810\u8a2d\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u5e2b\u751f\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1f\u662f\u5e2b\u751f\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u3001\u5be6\u7528\u4e3b\u7fa9\u53d6\u5411\uff1f\u9084\u662f\u704c\u8f38\u6559\u5316\uff1f\u662f\u5305\u62ec\u6109\u6085\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u6392\u65a5\u617e\u671b\uff1f\u662f\u8b93\u5b78\u751f\u6709\u529b\u9032\u884c\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e26\u5f9e\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u81ea\u4fe1\u6210\u9577\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u5c0d\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\u6050\u61fc\u5167\u759a\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u6b64\u523b\u8ac7\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u6027\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u4e0a\u8ff0\u554f\u984c\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u5426\u5c07\u6703\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6703\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u548c\u539f\u5247\u96e3\u9053\u4e0d\u4e5f\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u55ce\uff1f\u9019\u662f\u6211\u5011\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u8981\u8655\u7406\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u5c31\u662f\u6559\u80b2<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7531\u65bc\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u548c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u5728\u897f\u65b9\uff08\u5982\u7f8e\u570b\uff09\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u767c\u5c55\u548c\u7d2f\u7a4d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u900f\u904e\u5c0d\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u958b\u5275\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u8108\u7d61\u4e4b\u5167\u7684\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6027\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4e5f\u85c9\u6b64\u53cd\u601d\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u67d0\u4e9b\u9ad8\u547c\u300c\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u6027\u77e5\u8b58\uff0f\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u300d\u4e4b\u8072\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u793e\u6703\u767c\u8a00\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8207\u5176\u6b77\u53f2\u773c\u754c\u4fb7\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u7d71\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u7522\u7269\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u610f\u7fa9\u56e0\u800c\u548c\u5b83\u8208\u8d77\u6642\u7684\u8108\u7d61\u6709\u7dca\u5bc6\u95dc\u9023\u3002\u5728\u9019\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u5b78\u8005\u4e26\u975e\u6c92\u6709\u53cd\u7701\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5c31\u5766\u627f\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7e3d\u662f\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u6027\u9053\u5fb7\u6210\u70ba\u516c\u773e\u8a0e\u8ad6\u548c\u95dc\u5207\u7684\u71b1\u9580\u8a71\u984c\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u6642\u523b\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u91cd\u65b0\u8a8d\u5b9a\u4e3b\u6d41\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u88dc\u6551\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u6bd4\u65b9\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u5927\u91cf\u6b50\u6d32\u79fb\u6c11\u5165\u5883\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u5e7e\u500b\u5de5\u696d\u5927\u57ce\u5c0b\u6c42\u5c31\u696d\uff0c\u65b0\u52de\u52d5\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u96c6\u4e2d\u51f8\u986f\u4e86\u672c\u5730\u2215\u5916\u4f86\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5f35\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u52fe\u52d5\u968e\u7d1a\u548c\u7a2e\u65cf\u7684\u6b67\u8996\u3002\u7576\u6642\u6709\u4e9b\u767d\u4eba\u91ab\u5e2b\u548c\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u56e0\u800c\u7d44\u6210\u300c\u7f8e\u570b\u793e\u6703\u885b\u751f\u5354\u6703\u300d(ASHA)\uff0c\u9996\u5275\u63a8\u52d5\u5728\u516c\u7acb\u5b78\u6821\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u7528\u73fe\u5728\u770b\u4f86\u5145\u6eff\u7a2e\u65cf\u548c\u968e\u7d1a\u6210\u898b[10]<\/a>\u3001\u800c\u4e14\u5e36\u8457\u4e2d\u7522\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4f86\u8212\u7de9\u793e\u6703\u6025\u901f\u8b8a\u9077\u6240\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e0b\u5c64\u7570\uff0f\u6b21\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u56e0\u63a5\u89f8\u5230\u65e9\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6027\u75c5\u6216\u8ce3\u6deb\u7b49\u554f\u984c\u800c\u592a\u5feb\u589e\u9577\uff0c\u8b8a\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u81ea\u547d\u6b63\u5e38\u656c\u696d\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u8ca0\u64d4(Trudell 10-11)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u7a2e\u7528\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c\u7684\u4f01\u5716\u5f8c\u4f86\u5230\u4e86\u7d93\u6b77\u6027\u9769\u547d\u72c2\u6f6e\u76841970\u300180\u5e74\u4ee3\u6642\u53c8\u518d\u5ea6\u6d6e\u73fe\uff0c\u9f13\u5439\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4ecd\u7136\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u767d\u7a2e\u4e2d\u7522\u512a\u52e2\u7684\u885b\u751f\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6b64\u6642\u796d\u51fa\u7684\u6025\u8feb\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c\u5f9e\u6027\u75c5\u8ce3\u6deb\u8f49\u70ba\u9752\u5c11\u5973\u61f7\u5b55\u548c\u611b\u6ecb\u7684\u64f4\u6563\uff0c\u800c\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u5f0f\u5247\u662f\u5728\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u6559\u5c0e\u7b49\u5f85\u548c\u7981\u617e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027(Trudell 18)\u3002\u8a31\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e5f\u90fd\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u9752\u5c11\u5973\u61f7\u5b55\u548c\u611b\u6ecb\u9019\u5169\u500b\u554f\u984c\u5728\u5a92\u9ad4\u4e2d\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u904e\u5206\u8a87\u5927\u4ee5\u9054\u6210\u6050\u5687\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u6232\u5287\u5316\u7684\u7c21\u55ae\u7d71\u8a08\u6578\u64da\u4f86\u53d6\u4ee3\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u516c\u7684\u7d30\u7dfb\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4f86\u63a9\u84cb\u5c0d\u7279\u5b9a\u4eba\u53e3\u7fa4\u7684\u968e\u7d1a\u3001\u5e74\u9f61\u3001\u7a2e\u65cf\u6b67\u8996\uff08\u53c3\u8003D\u2019Emilio & Freedman, \u4ee5\u53caPatton\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f88\u986f\u7136\u7684\uff0c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u7f8e\u570b\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u767c\u5c55\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u9019\u5169\u6b21\u9ad8\u5cf0\u90fd\u53cd\u61c9\u51fa\u4e3b\u6d41\u885b\u6559\u4eba\u58eb\u5c0d\u300c\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c\u300d\u7684\u6025\u5207\u95dc\u5fc3\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u9019\u5169\u500b\u7bc0\u9aa8\u773c\u4e0a\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u56e0\u61c9\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u9010\u6b21\u64f4\u5927\u4e86\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u540c\u6642\u64f4\u5927\u4e86\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u8eab\u5c08\u696d\u9818\u57df\u7684\u767c\u8a00\u6b0a\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5c0d\u65bc\u7a4d\u6975\u6539\u8b8a\u90a3\u500b\u4f7f\u5f97\u300c\u6027\u554f\u984c\u300d\u6d6e\u73fe\u7684\u793e\u6703\u8b8a\u9077\u548c\u4e0d\u516c\u4e0d\u7fa9\uff0c\u537b\u6c92\u6709\u591a\u5927\u5efa\u6a39\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u7531\u65bc\u968e\u7d1a\u3001\u5e74\u9f61\u3001\u7a2e\u65cf\u4e0a\u7684\u76f2\u9ede\uff0c\u885b\u6559\u4eba\u58eb\uff08\u5728\u9ad8\u558a\u300c\u53cd\u8272\u60c5\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6551\u6551\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u300d\u7684\u5152\u7ae5\uff0f\u5a66\u5973\u4ee3\u8a00\u4eba\u7684\u63a8\u6ce2\u52a9\u703e\u4e0b\uff09\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u591a\u534a\u662f\u7528\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u3001\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3001\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u9078\u64c7\u4f86\u5851\u9020\u6027\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u8207\u5be6\u8e10\u3002\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8003\u91cf\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u6a19\u6e96\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u6b67\u8996\u548c\u58d3\u8feb\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u8207\u591a\u5143\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u76f8\u53bb\u751a\u9060\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u9019\u7a2e\u5c0d\u65bc\u300c\u55ae\u4e00\u300d\u7684\u57f7\u8457\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4e5f\u548c\u7576\u6642\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u6587\u5316\u7406\u5ff5\u53ca\u653f\u7b56\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u95dc\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u81ea\u8a61\u70ba\u773e\u591a\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u5927\u7194\u7210(the melting pot)\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u5e38\u5e38\u8aaa\u5b83\u7684\u6587\u5316\u662f\u591a\u5143\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6b77\u53f2\u5bb6\u4e5f\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u7194\u7210\u5f62\u8c61\u91cd\u8996\u7684\u662f\u90a3\u500b\u300c\u7194\u300d\u5b57\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u6c42\u500b\u5225\u7684\u3001\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6bd4\u8f03\u4fb7\u9650\u7684\u539f\u751f\u6587\u5316\u6df5\u6e90\uff0c\u6548\u5fe0\u65bc\u800c\u4e14\u56e0\u6b64\u7194\u5316\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u65cf\u767c\u5c55\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5efa\u69cb\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u6240\u8b02\u6bd4\u8f03\u5ee3\u535a\u512a\u79c0\u7684\u300c\u7f8e\u570b\u6587\u5316\u7406\u60f3\u300d\uff08\u50cf\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u4e3b\u9032\u53d6\u7368\u7acb\u7b49\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u300c\u540c\u5316\u300d(assimilation)\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u7f8e\u570b\u7a2e\u65cf\u6587\u5316\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7cbe\u795e(Goldberg 4)\u30021960\u5e74\u4ee3\u793e\u6703\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u6f6e\u6d41\u5728\u722d\u53d6\u9ed1\u4eba\u6c11\u6b0a\u3001\u5973\u6027\u4eba\u6b0a\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u53cd\u5e1d\u53cd\u6b96\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u754c\u4eba\u6c11\u81ea\u6c7a\u6b0a\u529b\u6642\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u300c\u878d\u5408\u300d(integration)\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u62b9\u715e\u500b\u5225\u6587\u5316\u800c\u5c0a\u91cd\u5b83\u5011\u5404\u81ea\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u900f\u904e\u4e00\u5957\u5728\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5e73\u6b0a\u5c0a\u91cd\u7b49\u7b49\uff09\u4f86\u806f\u7e6b\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u67d0\u7a2e\u7d71\u4e00\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u6587\u5316\u8cc7\u6e90\u548c\u6b0a\u529b\u5206\u914d\u4e0a\uff0c\u8ab0\u6703\u4e3b\u5c0e\u9019\u500b\u5171\u540c\u4fe1\u5ff5\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u662f\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u7684(Goldberg 6)\uff1b\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u540c\u5316\u9084\u662f\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u5047\u8a2d\u4e86\u6709\u500b\u5171\u540c\u7684\u55ae\u4e00\u6587\u5316\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\uff0c\u800c\u7a2e\u65cf\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5171\u5b58\u7d93\u5e38\u662f\u4ee5\u67d0\u4e00\u4e3b\u6d41\uff08\u767d\u4eba\u4e2d\u7522\uff09\u70ba\u6700\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u7406\u5ff5\u67b6\u69cb\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u591a\u5143\u5171\u5b58\u5e38\u5e38\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u9593\u63a5\u540c\u5316\u5408\u6d41\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5f31\u52e2\u6587\u5316\u63a5\u53d7\u88ab\u5f37\u52e2\u6587\u5316\u9593\u63a5\u6536\u7de8\u6216\u6b96\u6c11\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u6559\u80b2\u5247\u662f\u50b3\u9054\u9019\u500b\u300c\u5171\u540c\u6587\u5316\u907a\u7522\u8207\u4fe1\u5ff5\u300d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5a92\u4ecb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540c\u5316\u548c\u878d\u5408\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u5176\u5be6\u90fd\u5047\u8a2d\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7d93\u6fdf\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u5316\u9738\u6b0a\u2014\u2014\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u5171\u540c\u6587\u5316\u907a\u7522\u8207\u4fe1\u5ff5\u300d\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f03\u6c92\u6709\u7559\u4e0b\u592a\u591a\u8cea\u7591\u548c\u6311\u6230\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u3002\u4f46\u662f1970\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f8c\u671f\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u653f\u7d93\u60c5\u6cc1\u5728\u5168\u7403\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u5c40\u52e2\u4e2d\u9010\u6f38\u9b06\u52d5\uff0c\u800c\u7576\u9019\u500b\u6587\u5316\u5171\u540c\u9ad4\u5728\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e16\u754c\u9ad4\u7cfb\u4e2d\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u751f\u5b58\u7af6\u722d\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\uff0c\u7576\u51b7\u6230\u67b6\u69cb\u7684\u5d29\u89e3\u6d88\u5f2d\u4e86\u539f\u672c\u7dca\u5bc6\u751f\u547d\u5171\u540c\u9ad4\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u8feb\u5207\u6027\u6642\uff0c\u540c\u5316\u548c\u878d\u5408\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u518d\u4e5f\u7121\u6cd5\u6eff\u8db3\u908a\u7de3\u5f31\u52e2\u5c0d\u81ea\u4e3b\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u300c\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u300d(multiculturalism)\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u65bc\u662f\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6b77\u53f2\u6642\u523b\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u8a95\u751f\u65bc\u6d6e\u52d5\u548c\u885d\u7a81\u4e2d\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u300c\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u300d\u6709\u591a\u91cd\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u8a6e\u91cb\u3002\u5c0d\u4e0d\u540c\u7acb\u5834\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5e73\u5be6\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6307\u51fa\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u5426\u8a8d\u7684\u591a\u6a23\u5dee\u7570\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5f0f\u7684\u591a\u5143\u4e3b\u7fa9(pluralism)\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u627f\u8a8d\u5404\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u65e2\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e5f\u754c\u5b9a\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u898f\u7bc4\u5f0f\u7684\u7406\u5ff5[11]<\/a>\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u53cd\u540c\u5316\u3001\u53cd\u878d\u5408\u7684\u5f8c\u73fe\u4ee3\u5f0f\u591a\u5143\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u5fb9\u5e95\u8cea\u7591\u5171\u540c\u907a\u7522\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c0d\u5404\u500b\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u5340\u9694\u3001\u5f62\u6210\u3001\u8a8d\u540c\u90fd\u4fdd\u7559\u6bd4\u8f03\u6d41\u52d5\u7684\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u7528\u300c\u6df7\u96dc\u300d(hybridity)\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\u6587\u5316\u6210\u4efd\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u6f86\u704c\u548c\u6ef2\u900f\uff0c\u4e0d\u65b7\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u5354\u5546\u793e\u6703\u6587\u5316\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u5f9e\u5167\u90e8\u6539\u8b8a\u6b0a\u529b\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u904b\u4f5c(Goldberg 7-9)\u3002\u5728\u9019\u500b\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\uff0c\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\uff08\u6559\u80b2\uff09\u6709\u5176\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u8108\u7d61\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f8c\u9762\u9019\u7a2e\u53cd\u540c\u5316\u3001\u53cd\u878d\u5408\u7684\u591a\u5143\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u5ff5\u5df2\u7d93\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u4e86\u4eba\u6587\u9818\u57df\u5167\u7684\u6559\u5b78\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f15\u9032\u4e86\u591a\u5143\u7684\u6559\u6750\u548c\u6b77\u53f2\u91cd\u5beb[12]<\/a>\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u9577\u4e45\u4ee5\u4f86\u7684\u300c\u5426\u6027\u300d\u601d\u8003\u65b9\u5f0f(sex negativity)\u4ecd\u7136\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u963b\u7919\u4e86\u591a\u5143\u7406\u5ff5\u5728\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u5be6\u73fe(Rubin 13-14)[13]<\/a>\u3002\u5728\u5317\u7f8e\u6d32\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u6a19\u699c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u90fd\u5e38\u5145\u6eff\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u4e0d\u7b26\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\uff08Morgan 170\uff09\u3002\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7814\u7a76\u8005Michelle Fine\u5c31\u66fe\u7d93\u91dd\u5c0d\u76ee\u4e0b\u7f8e\u570b\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u860a\u542b\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6709\u56db\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7acb\u5834\u548c\u51fa\u767c\u9ede\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u7f8e\u570b\u6559\u80b2\u9ad4\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6027\u8a00\u8ac7(discourse)\uff0c\u800c\u5b83\u5011\u90fd\u5c0d\u9752\u5c11\u5973\u60c5\u617e\u4e3b\u9ad4\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u53ca\u5176\u6559\u80b2\u62b1\u6301\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u770b\u6cd5[14]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u53cd\u5c0d\u5728\u5b78\u6821\u4e2d\u8a2d\u7f6e\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u4fdd\u5b88\u4efd\u5b50\u591a\u534a\u63a1\u53d6\u300c\u6027\u5c31\u7b49\u65bc\u66b4\u529b\u300d(sexuality as violence)\u4e4b\u8aaa\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u9752\u5c11\u5973\u4e0d\u6703\u5728\u5b8c\u5168\u771f\u6b63\u81ea\u9858\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\u4e0b\u6b61\u559c\u5730\u9032\u5165\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5c11\u7537\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u6216\u534a\u5f37\u8feb\u4e0b\u5931\u8eab\u7684\u3002\u4fdd\u5b88\u4efd\u5b50\u56e0\u6b64\u8a8d\u70ba\u82e5\u5728\u5b78\u6821\u4e2d\u8ac7\u6027\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u6703\u63d0\u8d77\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5c0d\u6027\u7684\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u5f15\u767c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u597d\u5947\u6216\u6027\u617e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9019\u4e9b\u6210\u4eba\u53cd\u5c0d\u5b78\u6821\u63d0\u4f9b\u6027\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u76f8\u4fe1\u53ea\u8981\u4e0d\u8ac7\u6027\uff0c\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\u5c31\u6703\u6e1b\u5c11\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5be6\u8b49\u7814\u7a76\u537b\u986f\u793a\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u8b49\u64da\uff1a\u5c0d\u6027\u7684\u9694\u96e2\u548c\u919c\u5316\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u4f7f\u5f97\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7537\u5973\u5728\u6027\u4e8b\u4e0a\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u6210\u719f\u8ca0\u8cac\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7576\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u88ab\u6559\u5c0e\u6027\u662f\u932f\u4e8b\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u9032\u5165\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\u6642\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u4e0d\u9858\u610f\u4f7f\u7528\u4fdd\u96aa\u5957\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7528\u4e86\u4fdd\u96aa\u5957\u5c31\u8868\u793a\u81ea\u5df1\u660e\u767d\u800c\u4e14\u5fc5\u9700\u70ba\u6240\u505a\u7684\u300c\u932f\u4e8b\u300d\u8ca0\u8cac\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u5426\u6027\u614b\u5ea6\u53cd\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u60f3\u63a1\u53d6\u907f\u5b55\u63aa\u65bd(Fine 33)\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5c0d\u6027\u6240\u62b1\u6301\u7684\u8ca0\u9762\u614b\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u624d\u662f\u5f62\u6210\u66b4\u529b\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u52d5\u529b\u2014\u2014\u6027\u65e2\u662f\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6575\u610f\u7576\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5b83\u4f86\u4f5c\u70ba\u767c\u6d29\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7ba1\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a2e\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u5ee3\u6cdb\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u6027\u8a00\u8ac7\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5c0d\u9752\u5c11\u5973\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u300c\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u53d7\u5bb3\u300d(sexuality as victimization)\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5973\u751f\u5728\u6027\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u7e3d\u662f\u6bd4\u8f03\u5403\u8667\uff0c\u8981\u627f\u64d4\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u60e1\u679c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u88ab\u5229\u7528\u3001\u61f7\u5b55\u3001\u5f97\u75c5\u3001\u907a\u68c4\u3001\u58ae\u80ce\u3001\u5fc3\u788e\u3001\u4f11\u5b78\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u6559\u5b78\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u6559\u5c0e\u9752\u5c11\u5973\u8a8d\u8b58\u6027\u7684\u60e1\u679c\uff08\u5982\u611b\u6ecb\uff09\u548c\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u6212\u614e\u6050\u61fc\u7684\u907f\u514d\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u7981\u617e\uff0c\u5b78\u6703\u8aaa\u4e0d\uff0c\u9632\u5236\u642d\u8a15\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u6697\u793a\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5a5a\u59fb\u7684\u4fdd\u8b77\u5098\u4e4b\u4e0b\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002Fine\u6307\u51fa\u9019\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6cd5\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u4e09\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u554f\u984c\ufe30\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u8a00\u8ac7(discourse)\u7e3d\u628a\u9752\u5c11\u5973\u63cf\u7e6a\u70ba\u7121\u81ea\u4e3b\u610f\u9858\u4e5f\u7121\u529b\u6297\u62d2\u7537\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u5f31\u8005\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u62b9\u715e\u800c\u4e14\u5426\u5b9a\u4e86\u5979\u5011\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u617e\u671b\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u628a\u5973\u6027\u53d7\u5bb3\u55ae\u4e00\u6b78\u56e0\u65bc\u5979\u5011\u672a\u5a5a\u800c\u6d89\u8db3\u6027\u4e8b\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u63a9\u84cb\u4e86\u6574\u500b\u968e\u7d1a\u3001\u6027\u5225\u3001\u7a2e\u65cf\u793e\u6703\u5236\u5ea6\u5982\u4f55\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e86\u5973\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u53d7\u5bb3\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u8a00\u8ac7\u96d6\u7136\u544a\u8a34\u5973\u4eba\u8981\u907f\u514d\u5a5a\u524d\u6027\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u9632\u7bc4\u7537\u4eba\u52a0\u5bb3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u80af\u5b9a\u5a5a\u59fb\u6642\u537b\u4e5f\u628a\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u5b89\u5371\u7e6b\u65bc\u7537\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\u5f88\u6709\u554f\u984c(Fine 34)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u7a2e\u6027\u8a00\u8ac7\u8a8d\u70ba\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7528\u66b4\u529b\u6216\u53d7\u5bb3\u4f86\u6050\u5687\u9752\u5c11\u5973\u7981\u8db3\u6027\u4e8b\uff0c\u800c\u61c9\u8a72\u7528\u4eba\u683c\u64cd\u5b88\u7684\u57f9\u990a\u4f86\u4f7f\u5979\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u6c7a\u5b9a\u907f\u514d\u6027\u4e8b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u300c\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u500b\u4eba\u9053\u5fb7\u300d(sexuality as individual morality)\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8a8d\u70ba\u5728\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u8981\u6559\u5c0e\u9752\u5c11\u5973\u8c9e\u6f54\u3001\u7981\u617e\u3001\u7aef\u838a\u7b49\u50b3\u7d71\u5973\u6027\u7f8e\u5fb7\uff0c\u4f7f\u9752\u5c11\u5973\u5728\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u505a\u9078\u64c7\u6642\u80fd\u5920\u6297\u62d2\u5f15\u8a98\uff0c\u81ea\u52d5\u9078\u64c7\u7981\u617e\uff0c\u7b49\u5019\u5a5a\u59fb\uff1b\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u81ea\u5236\u3001\u81ea\u91cd\u7684\u6559\u80b2(Fine 35)\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u8a00\u8ac7\u4e2d\uff0c\u9752\u5c11\u5973\u5c0d\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u8208\u8da3\u548c\u63a2\u7d22\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u617e\u671b\u7684\u5347\u8d77\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5b97\u6559\u5f0f\u60c5\u64cd\u6642\u523b\u8b66\u60d5\u3001\u9700\u8981\u7528\u81ea\u8cac\u548c\u81ea\u615a\u4f86\u6392\u9664\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u990a\u6210\u7684\u56b4\u53b2\u5fc3\u614b\u548c\u8d85\u9ad8\u7684\u8056\u6f54\u8981\u6c42\u6703\u5c0d\u9752\u5c11\u5973\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9577\u9060\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u751f\u7406\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u63d0\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u7a2e\u89c0\u9ede\u5728\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u5341\u5206\u5c11\u898b\uff0c\u5b83\u80af\u5b9a\u300c\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u617e\u671b\u300d(sexuality as desire)\uff0c\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u751f\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7537\u5973\u793e\u6703\u5316\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u4e00\u74b0\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u80af\u5b9a\u6027\u617e\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u548c\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u6559\u5ba4\u4e26\u4e0d\u4ee5\u6559\u5c0e\u4e00\u5957\u751f\u7406\u4e8b\u5be6\u6216\u9053\u5fb7\u898f\u689d\u70ba\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9080\u8acb\u5b78\u751f\u5011\u5c31\u81ea\u8eab\u60c5\u617e\u4e0a\u7684\u597d\u60e1\u3001\u611f\u53d7\u3001\u54c1\u5473\u3001\u7d93\u9a57\u3001\u9700\u8981\u3001\u5371\u96aa\u3001\u548c\u4fb7\u9650\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u610f\u898b\u7684\u4ea4\u63db\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u8a8d\u8b58\u6027\u617e\u7684\u8af8\u591a\u9762\u8c8c\u3002Fine\u4ee5\u745e\u5178\u5f9e\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u5c31\u958b\u59cb\u63a8\u884c\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u70ba\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u4f7f\u5f97\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7537\u5973\u4e0d\u4f46\u5b78\u7fd2\u638c\u63e1\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u60c5\u617e\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u6027\u7684\u4eab\u53d7\u8005\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u5b78\u6703\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6027\u4e8b\u4e0a\u6709\u529b\u5354\u5546\u6216\u6297\u62d2\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u6bd4\u8f03\u6210\u719f\u7684\u4eba\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2(Fine 35-38)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f9eFine\u7684\u5206\u6790\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u7b2c\u56db\u7a2e\u6027\u89c0\u9ede\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7406\u5ff5\u4e0a\u6709\u8457\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u6027\u5225\u6b67\u8996\u548c\u5e74\u9f61\u6b67\u8996\uff0c\u66f4\u6e05\u6e05\u695a\u695a\u7684\u662f\u55ae\u4e00\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u5f37\u5236\u5f0f\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u662f\u6210\u898b\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u704c\u8f38\u5f0f\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u800c\u53f0\u7063\u73fe\u6709\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u986f\u7136\u53ea\u662f\u524d\u9762\u4e09\u7a2e\u6027\u8a00\u8ac7\u7684\u7d44\u5408\uff0c\u81f3\u65bc\u5c0a\u91cd\u53d7\u6559\u8005\u4e3b\u9ad4\u617e\u671b\u7684\u8a00\u8ac7\u5247\u6839\u672c\u5c1a\u7121\u8e64\u8de1\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\u5973\u6027\u6b0a\u76ca\u4fc3\u9032\u6703\u7684\u5e7e\u4f4d\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u66fe\u7d93\u5c31\u674f\u9675\u91ab\u5b78\u57fa\u91d1\u6703\u7de8\u5beb\u7684\u570b\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u6559\u6750\u4ee5\u53ca\u6027\u6797\u6587\u5316\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u5927\u5b78\u7528\u66f8\u9032\u884c\u7d30\u7dfb\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u767c\u73fe\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6559\u6750\u504f\u91cd\u91ab\u5b78\u3001\u751f\u7406\u53ca\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u55ae\u8abf\u4ecb\u7d39\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5c0d\u6027\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4eba\u6587\u5c64\u9762\u5247\u5b8c\u5168\u5ffd\u7565\uff1b\u5b83\u5011\u7528\u7537\u4e3b\u52d5\uff0f\u5973\u88ab\u52d5\u3001\u8655\u5973\u60c5\u7d50\u3001\u50b3\u7d71\u6027\u5225\u89d2\u8272\u7b49\u7b49\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u91cd\u7533\u7537\u5973\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u5929\u751f\u81ea\u7136\uff1b\u7e3d\u4e4b\uff0c\u6b64\u7a2e\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u6559\u6750\u300c\u5f9e\u672a\u7531\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u8207\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u4f86\u4ea4\u4e92\u8a0e\u8ad6\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9019\u5c07\u4f7f\u6210\u4eba\u5c0d\u672a\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u638c\u63a7\u66f4\u52a0\u5f37\u5316\uff0c\u537b\u7121\u6cd5\u52a9\u5176\u57f9\u990a\u6c11\u4e3b\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u300d(\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\u5973\u6027\u6b0a\u76ca\u4fc3\u9032\u6703\uff0c19)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd1\u4f86\u7b2c\u4e00\u672c\u7531\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u89c0\u9ede\u8207\u5229\u76ca\u51fa\u767c\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u6027\u8207\u617e\u671b\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u662f\u4f55\u6625\u8564\u7b49\u4eba\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u300a\u6027\u2215\u5225\u6821\u5712\uff1a\u65b0\u4e16\u4ee3\u7684\u6027\u5225\u6559\u80b2\u300b\uff0c\u6b64\u66f8\u5c0d\u7576\u524d\u53f0\u7063\u9817\u53d7\u6ce8\u76ee\u4e00\u4e9b\u6027\u8b70\u984c\uff08\u58ae\u80ce\u3001\u6027\u9a37\u64fe\u3001\u4e09\u5b57\u7d93\u3001\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u6027\u95dc\u4fc2\u7b49\u7b49\uff09\u90fd\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6709\u5225\u65bc\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u5a01\u6b0a\u5f0f\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u5426\u5b9a\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u60c5\u617e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ee5\u7570\u6027\u6200\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u628a\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u540c\u6027\u6200\u8996\u70ba\u300c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u4e00\u592b\u4e00\u59bb\u4e4b\u5a5a\u59fb\u5bb6\u5ead\u70ba\u4e00\u5207\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u5c0d\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u540c\u5c45\u3001\u4e00\u591c\u60c5\u3001\u63f4\u52a9\u4ea4\u969b\u3001\u8272\u60c5\u66f8\u520a\u7b49\u90fd\u63a1\u53d6\u919c\u5316\u6b67\u8996\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\uff08\u4e3b\u6d41\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u5efa\u5236\u7684\u9019\u7a2e\u614b\u5ea6\u4e5f\u5f97\u5230\u570b\u5bb6\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u652f\u63f4\u3001\u548c\u6c11\u9593\u5a66\u5973\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u8a8d\u53ef\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u73fe\u6709\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u591a\u534a\u662f\u5b78\u8005\u6240\u7a31\u7684\u300c\u9632\u885b\u5f0f\u6559\u5b78\u300d(defensive teaching)\u3002\u548c\u6027\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u539f\u672c\u5145\u6eff\u722d\u8b70\u3001\u96b1\u542b\u8457\u4e0d\u540c\u6216\u751a\u81f3\u885d\u7a81\u7684(conflicting)\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u7684\u6587\u5316\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u6559\u5b78\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u88ab\u7c21\u5316\u50f5\u5316\u6210\u70ba\u53ea\u6709\u55ae\u4e00\u6a19\u6e96\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u6b7b\u77e5\u8b58(Trudell 172\uff1bcf. Apple 82-104)\uff0c\u66f4\u5728\u61fc\u6015\u919c\u805e\u548c\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u88ab\u7e2e\u6e1b\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u6240\u8b02\u6789\u9867\u5b78\u751f\u6027\u751f\u547d\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u300c\u9d15\u9ce5\u6559\u80b2\u300d\uff0c\u53ea\u57cb\u9996\u65bc\u9053\u5fb7\u7d14\u6de8\u7684\u6c99\u5806\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u770b\u4e0d\u898b\u5b78\u751f\u65e9\u5c31\u5404\u81ea\u5728\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e2d\u5c55\u958b\u4e86\u4eba\u751f\u3002\u50cf\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u51fa\u65bc\u5c0d\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u771f\u5207\u95dc\u61f7\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5c0d\u5b78\u751f\u6c92\u6709\u597d\u8655\u7684\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u9769\u547d\u8005Paolo Freire\u5728\u8ad6\u6559\u5b78\u6642\u5c31\u4e00\u91dd\u898b\u8840\u7684\u6307\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u6559\u5b78\u662f\u4ee5\u58d3\u8feb\u8005\u7684\u81ea\u5229\u70ba\u51fa\u767c\u9ede\uff08\u9019\u7a2e\u81ea\u5229\u901a\u5e38\u7e3d\u662f\u7a7f\u8457\u4fdd\u8b77\u5fc3\u614b\u3001\u865b\u5047\u5bec\u5927\u7684\u5916\u8863\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u628a\u53d7\u58d3\u8feb\u8005\u7576\u6210\u81ea\u5df1\u4eba\u9053\u95dc\u61f7\u7684\u5ba2\u9ad4\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u8aaa\u7a7f\u4e86\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u6559\u5b78\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u975e\u4eba\u5316(dehumanization)\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u800c\u5df2\u3002(39)<\/p>\n

\u9019\u4e00\u8a9e\u9053\u7834\u4e86\u300c\u4fdd\u8b77\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u300d\u9019\u7a2e\u8a00\u8ac7\u7684\u771f\u76f8\u3002\u50cf\u4e3b\u6d41\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u90a3\u6a23\u55ae\u5411\u704c\u8f38\u548c\u55ae\u4e00\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u5236\u5f0f\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5be6\u5728\u5df2\u7d93\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u9055\u53cd\u4e86\u73fe\u968e\u6bb5\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u8005\u4e00\u518d\u63ed\u793a\u7684\u591a\u5143\u5c0a\u91cd\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u539f\u5247\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5728\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u4e0d\u65b7\u628a\u6587\u5316\u548c\u8eab\u9ad4\u300c\u6027\u5316\u300d\uff08sexualized\uff09\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u8da8\u52e2\u4e2d\uff0c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u5982\u679c\u6789\u9867\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u73fe\u5be6\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u662f\u7528\u4e00\u5957\u9673\u8150\u7684\u7981\u617e\u8a00\u8ac7\uff08\u4f46\u662f\u7a7f\u4e0a\u771f\u611b\u548c\u5c0a\u91cd\u7684\u5916\u8863\uff09\u4f86\u8981\u6c42\u4ed6\u5011\u606a\u9075\u56b4\u8b39\u7684\u6027\u9053\u5fb7\u8207\u6027\u5225\u89d2\u8272\u898f\u7bc4\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u4e0d\u4f46\u6c92\u6709\u5e6b\u52a9\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u9762\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u60c5\u617e\u4eba\u751f\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u6210\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u75db\u82e6\u81ea\u8cac\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f86\u6e90\u3002\u9019\u6050\u6015\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u958b\u660e\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6240\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u9ebc\u591a\u5143\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u539f\u5247\u6703\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a21\u6a23\u5462\uff1f\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u6587\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u5bb6\u3001\u4e5f\u662f\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u300c\u653f\u6cbb\u6b63\u78ba\u8ad6\u6230\u300d\u7684\u8981\u89d2\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u53f2\u4e39\u5229\uff0e\u8cbb\u8a31(Stanley Fish)\u66fe\u63d0\u51fa\u904e\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u591a\u5143\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5169\u5927\u7406\u5ff5\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u8001\u5e2b\u4e0d\u518d\u626e\u6f14\u63d0\u4f9b\u771f\u7406\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u548c\u5b78\u751f\u5171\u540c\u5354\u5546\u8a0e\u8ad6\u8faf\u8ad6\u7684\u5c0d\u7b49\u7fa4\u9ad4\u6210\u54e1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u591a\u5143\u6559\u80b2\u5c31\u662f\u6c11\u4e3b\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u767d\u7d19\u4e00\u5f35\uff0c\u4f9b\u8001\u5e2b\u7684\u667a\u6167\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u63ee\u7051\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e36\u8457\u4ed6\u5011\u5404\u81ea\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u666f\u4e2d\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u5230\u6559\u5ba4\u4e2d\u4f86\u9762\u5c0d\u4e26\u8a8d\u8b58\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u591a\u5143\u6559\u80b2\u5c31\u662f\u5c0a\u91cd\u5dee\u7570\u7684\u6559\u80b2[15]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u591a\u5143\u5dee\u7570\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u662f\u6c11\u4e3b\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u5b83\u5fc5\u9808\u64fa\u812b\u7531\u885b\u6559\u5c08\u5bb6\u58df\u65b7\u6216\u8005\u7531\u91ab\u5b78\u5c08\u5bb6\u5b9a\u8abf\u7684\u55ae\u5411\u704c\u8f38\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4ee5\u5b78\u751f\u70ba\u4e3b\u9ad4\uff0c\u4ee5\u591a\u5143\u50f9\u503c\u8207\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u4e26\u9673\u885d\u64ca\uff0c\u4f86\u907f\u514d\u6a19\u6e96\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u5b83\u5c0a\u91cd\u5b78\u751f\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6de1\u5316\u6216\u8fc5\u901f\u5316\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u885d\u7a81\uff1b\u5728\u6559\u5ba4\u4e2d\u5247\u9f13\u52f5\u5b78\u751f\u7531\u500b\u4eba\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5766\u8a00\u51fa\u767c\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u8a2d\u5e95\u7dda\u3001\u4e0d\u4f5c\u9053\u5fb7\u5224\u65b7\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u9f13\u52f5\u5dee\u7570\u3001\u652f\u63f4\u53e6\u985e\u7684\u53cb\u5584\u6c23\u6c1b\u4e2d\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u4e92\u52d5\u5f0f\u7684\u96c6\u9ad4\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4f86\u51dd\u805a\u500b\u4eba\u5c0d\u672c\u8eab\u60c5\u617e\u611f\u53d7\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u8207\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u4e0a\u5347\u5230\u793e\u6703\u3001\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5c64\u6b21\uff0c\u4ee5\u89c0\u5bdf\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u60c5\u617e\u5982\u4f55\u9298\u523b\u4e86\u6027\u5225\u3001\u968e\u5c64\u3001\u5e74\u9f61\u3001\u5a5a\u59fb\u72c0\u614b\u7b49\u7b49\u5dee\u7570\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u4e2d\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5275\u9020\u7a81\u7834\u53ca\u6539\u9020\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u6559\u5ba4\u4e2d\uff0c\u6559\u5e2b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u4f86\u6e90\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u5fc5\u70ba\u73fe\u968e\u6bb5\u7684\u6709\u9650\u77e5\u8b58\u800c\u7126\u616e\uff1b\u6559\u5e2b\u7684\u8077\u8cac\u53ea\u662f\u5275\u9020\u90a3\u500b\u591a\u5143\u958b\u653e\u7684\u6559\u5ba4\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u9f13\u52f5\u591a\u5143\u89c0\u9ede\u548c\u7d93\u9a57\u51fa\u7dda\uff0c\u5354\u52a9\u5e73\u7b49\u4e92\u52d5\u7684\u5be6\u73fe\u800c\u5df2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7576\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u4e0d\u518d\u4ee5\u88fd\u9020\u7126\u616e\u3001\u4e0d\u5b89\u3001\u81ea\u8cac\u3001\u7f6a\u60e1\u611f\u70ba\u6559\u5b78\u76ee\u6a19\u6642\uff0c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5065\u5168\u4eba\u683c\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u5728\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u5167\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u5065\u5168\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u57f9\u990a\u4e0d\u4f46\u8981\u8a8d\u8b58\u548c\u60c5\u617e\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u7cfe\u7e8f\u548c\u8e8a\u8e87\u5fc3\u788e\uff0c\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u8a8d\u8b58\u6109\u6085\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u9700\u8981\u6f86\u704c\u548c\u64cd\u7df4\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u60c5\u617e\u548c\u4e3b\u9ad4\u7684\u990a\u6210\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9808\u662f\u73fe\u5be6\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5b83\u5f37\u8abf\u8207\u73fe\u5be6\u8cbc\u5207\u7684\u5be6\u7528\u6027\u548c\u5be6\u9a57\u6027\uff0c\u5c0a\u91cd\u7531\u500b\u4eba\u7d93\u9a57\u51fa\u767c\u4f86\u5efa\u69cb\u7684\u500b\u5225\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u5b83\u6b63\u9762\u9762\u5c0d\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5b78\u5b50\u5728\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u5df2\u7d93\u5feb\u901f\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u60c5\u617e\u73fe\u5be6\u548c\u617e\u671b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5531\u9ad8\u8abf\uff0c\u4e0d\u6253\u9ad8\u7a7a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f9e\u9019\u4e9b\u73fe\u5be6\u51fa\u767c\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6700\u5408\u4e4e\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u60c5\u617e\u8cc7\u8a0a\u548c\u4ea4\u63db\u6d41\u901a\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u81ea\u5728\u7a7a\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5404\u7a2e\u8eab\u5206\u8a8d\u540c\u4e3b\u9ad4\u4e0d\u65b7\u6d6e\u73fe\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u591a\u5143\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9808\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5e73\u7b49\u770b\u5f85\u6027\u504f\u597d\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u30021960\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u671f\u52301970\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u671f\u6027\u9769\u547d\u7684\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7cfb\u7d71\u958b\u59cb\u8003\u91cf\u63a8\u52d5\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u6642\uff0c\u5973\u540c\u5fd7\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u7570\u6027\u6200\u4e3b\u5c0e\u7684\u5a66\u5973\u904b\u52d5\u4e2d\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u770b\u5230\uff08\u6027\uff09\u6559\u80b2\u5c0d\u518d\u751f\u7522\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u524d\u77bb\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff1a\u300c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u6559\u7a0b\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u5305\u542b\u5973\u540c\u6027\u6200\u60c5\u617e\u4f5c\u70ba\u6709\u6548\u7684\u3001\u6b63\u7576\u7684\u6027\u611b\u548c\u6027\u8868\u9054\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e4b\u4e00\u300d(Echols 215)\uff0c\u50cf\u9019\u6a23\u524d\u77bb\u6fc0\u9032\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u7b56\u7565\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u672c\u571f\u5c1a\u6709\u5f85\u751f\u7522\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6240\u8aaa\u6216\u8a31\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u5728\u65bc\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u6709\u95dc\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8a00\u8ac7(discourse)\u5f9e\u4f86\u751a\u5c11\u548c\u6709\u95dc\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8a00\u8ac7\u9023\u7d50\uff0c\u5f77\u5f7f\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u5143\u3001\u4eba\u672c\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u3001\u5be6\u7528\u3001\u7d93\u9a57\u53d6\u5411\u3001\u6ce8\u91cd\u50f9\u503c\u885d\u7a81\u7b49\u8a00\u8ac7\u90fd\u548c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7121\u95dc\uff0c\u5f77\u5f7f\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u8ab2\u7a0b\u6559\u5b78\u90fd\u5728\u9f13\u52f5\u5b78\u751f\u81ea\u4e3b\u8207\u81ea\u7531\u601d\u8003\u3001\u6559\u5ba4\u591a\u5143\u958b\u653e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u537b\u5728\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u70ba\u7368\u88c1\u8005\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u4ee5\u9053\u5fb7\u6559\u5316\u70ba\u4e3b\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u9ed1\u6697\u5927\u9678\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u5805\u6301\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u5c31\u662f\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u4e0d\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u8981\u6c42\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u5177\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6559\u80b2\u6240\u61c9\u5177\u5099\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u54c1\u8cea\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u4ee5\u6279\u5224\u5730\u770b\u5f85\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u540c\u6a23\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u6279\u5224\u5730\u770b\u5f85\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u3002[16]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6279\u5224\u5730\u770b\u5f85\uff08\u6027\uff09\u6559\u80b2\u5167\u5bb9\uff08\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u6559\u5b78\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6216\u8a31\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u65b7\u8cea\u554f\uff1a<\/p>\n

\uff08\u6027\uff09\u6559\u80b2\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u5167\u5bb9\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u5176\u4e2d\u50b3\u9054\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff1f\u53c8\u7701\u7565\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff1f\u5b83\u5448\u73fe\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u6709\u95dc\u6027\uff0f\u6027\u5225\uff0f\u968e\u7d1a\uff0f\u65cf\u7fa4\uff0f\u5e74\u9f61\u7b49\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u96b1\u542b\u6216\u660e\u793a\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\uff1f\u5b83\u4f01\u5716\u751f\u7522\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u4e3b\u9ad4\uff1f\u5b83\u548c\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u7576\u6211\u5011\u958b\u59cb\u6279\u5224\u5730\u601d\u8003\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u61c9\u6709\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u73fe\u6709\u5167\u5bb9\u4e4b\u504f\u9817\u8207\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6211\u5011\u767c\u73fe\u73fe\u6709\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u6216\u6027\u5b78\u4e4b\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u5728\u570b\u5916\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u73fe\u6709\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u591a\u6578\u548c\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u3001\u54f2\u5b78\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u3001\u6587\u5b78\u7b49\u7121\u95dc\uff0c\u800c\u548c\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u3001\u5065\u5eb7\u79d1\u5b78\u3001\u751f\u7406\u91ab\u5b78\u7b49\u7b49\u95dc\u4fc2\u5bc6\u5207\uff0c\u4e26\u6709\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8ad6\u610f\u542b\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u6feb\u7528\u8377\u723e\u8499\u7814\u7a76\u53bb\u89e3\u91cb\u6027\u5225\u8a8d\u540c\u3001\u6027\u8a8d\u540c\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u6027\u9a45\u529b\u548c\u4fb5\u7565\u6027\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff1b\u66f4\u6709\u751a\u8005\uff0c\u7537\u4eba\u5f77\u5f7f\u8b8a\u6210\u88ab\u8377\u723e\u8499\u9a45\u4f7f\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u5df2\u3001\u5929\u751f\u6027\u617e\u8f03\u5f37\u7684\u52d5\u7269\uff0c\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u6027\u617e\u3001\u6109\u6085\u3001\u63a2\u7d22\u5247\u5f88\u5c11\u88ab\u8ac7\u5230\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u9019\u7a2e\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u4e0d\u4f46\u8907\u88fd\u7537\u4eba\u4e3b\u52d5\uff0f\u5973\u4eba\u88ab\u52d5\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u628a\u6027\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u63a8\u5230\u5973\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5973\u4eba\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u6bd4\u8f03\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u81ea\u5df1\u6bd4\u8f03\u8584\u5f31\u7684\u6027\u885d\u52d5(Whatley 122-125)\u3002\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u8a34\u8af8\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u800c\u975e\u793e\u6703\u653f\u6cbb\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u9019\u6b63\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u4e3b\u6d41\u70ba\u907f\u514d\u722d\u8b70\u548c\u50f9\u503c\u885d\u7a81\u800c\u4ee5\u300c\u79d1\u5b78\u300d\u6b0a\u5a01\u4f86\u7d71\u4e00\u53e3\u5f91\u7684\u4f5c\u70ba\uff08\u9019\u7576\u7136\u6e90\u81ea\u65bc\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u5c0d\u79d1\u5b78\u5167\u90e8\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u7121\u77e5\u6216\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\uff09(Whatley 125\uff1bApple 87-92)\u3002\u66f4\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u751f\u7269\u751f\u7406\u6559\u5b78\u5167\u5bb9\u672c\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u7d93\u5e38\u662f\u4e0d\u6e05\u4e0d\u695a\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u771f\u4eba\u7167\u7247\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u8aaa\u660e\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6027\u4ea4\u904e\u7a0b\uff1b\u300c\u79d1\u5b78\u300d\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u6065\u65bc\u8aaa\u660e\u771f\u76f8\u7684\u6559\u80b2(Whatley 126-127)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u8207\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u5011\u770b\u4f86\u5fc5\u9808\u662f\u500b\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u800c\u6b63\u5982\u524d\u8ff0\uff0c\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u6709\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6027\u3002\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u73fe\u5be6\u4e2d\u7684\u5c11\u6578\u6c11\u65cf\u6216\u65cf\u88d4\u88ab\u6b67\u8996\u3001\u88ab\u58d3\u8feb\uff0c\u800c\u7576\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u4f01\u5716\u5e73\u7b49\u5c0d\u5f85\u5c11\u6578\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u6587\u5316\u3001\u50b3\u7d71\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u7b49\u7b49\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\uff08\u6b0a\u529b\uff09\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u524d\u9762\u66fe\u7d93\u8aaa\u904e\uff0c\u5728\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u56db\u500b\u5e38\u8b58\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u8a00\u8ac7\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u539f\u5247\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u6548\u679c\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u6027\u591a\u5143\u6216\u6027\u5c11\u6578[17]<\/a>\u7684\u88ab\u58d3\u8feb\u4e88\u4ee5\u81ea\u7136\u5316(naturalized)\uff0c\u8b93\u6027\u5c11\u6578\u56e0\u70ba\u7121\u6cd5\u7522\u751f\u6027\uff08\u58d3\u8feb\uff09\u610f\u8b58\u800c\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u88ab\u58d3\u8feb\u8996\u70ba\u81ea\u7136\u6216\u7406\u6240\u7576\u7136\u3002\u9019\u9ebc\u8aaa\u4f86\uff0c\u6027\u58d3\u8feb\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u6240\u6709\u5c11\u6578\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u88ab\u58d3\u8feb\u4e00\u6a23\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6027\u5c11\u6578\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u88ab\u6392\u64e0\u62b9\u9ed1\u3001\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u88ab\u6df9\u6c92\u3001\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6587\u5316\u88ab\u5730\u4e0b\u5316\u3001\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6558\u4e8b\u6216\u5100\u5f0f\u88ab\u6d41\u5931\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u9019\u90fd\u548c\u5c11\u6578\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u8655\u5883\u76f8\u4f3c\u800c\u4e14\u95dc\u4fc2\u5bc6\u5207\u3002\uff08\u6027\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4f86\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u5c11\u6578\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u8aaa\u4ed6\u5011\u9053\u5fb7\u611f\u8584\u5f31\uff0c\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u6027\u5c11\u6578\u66f4\u88ab\u7121\u601d\u7121\u89ba\u7684\u6c61\u540d\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u6027\u5c11\u6578\u4e2d\u5c6c\u65bc\u5c11\u6578\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u7fa4\u9ad4\u5247\u66f4\u8655\u65bc\u6975\u7aef\u52a3\u52e2\u2014\u2014\u5c11\u6578\u65cf\u88d4\u7684\u611b\u6ecb\u75c5\u60a3\u5c31\u662f\u500b\u660e\u986f\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0ccf. Patton\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6027\u5c11\u6578\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8868\u9054\uff08\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u8272\u60c5\u300d\uff09\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\u6216\u58d3\u6291\u70ba\u4f4e\u7d1a\uff0c\u4e5f\u548c\u5c11\u6578\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8868\u9054\uff08\u6240\u8b02\u6bcd\u8a9e\uff09\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\u6216\u58d3\u6291\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u66f4\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u5011\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6027\u5c11\u6578\u7684\u9019\u500b\u653f\u6cbb\u81ea\u89ba\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u8ad6\u6230\u4e2d\u4e5f\u50b3\u9054\u4e86\u51fa\u4f86\u2014\u2014\u4f8b\u5982\u540c\uff0f\u96d9\u6027\u6200\u5c31\u4ee5\u5c11\u6578\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u8a00\u8ac7(minority discourse)[18]<\/a>\u4f86\u8981\u6c42\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u904e\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u8ab2\u7a0b\u5167\u5305\u62ec\u540c\u6027\u6200\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u906d\u5230\u5b97\u6559\u53f3\u6d3e\u7684\u53cd\u5c0d\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u9ed1\u6b0a\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u7570\u8b70\uff0c\u6b64\u8209\u7684\u80cc\u5f8c\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u7a2e\u65cf\u5f31\u52e2\u8005\u6050\u61fc\u6709\u9650\u8cc7\u6e90\u6216\u6b63\u7576\u6027\u7684\u88ab\u524a\u5f31\u74dc\u5206\uff08Irvine 218\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u4e5f\u6d89\u53ca\u4e86\u540c\u6027\u6200\u662f\u5426\u548c\u9ed1\u4eba\u4e00\u6a23\u69cb\u6210\u4e00\u7a2e\u6587\u5316\u3001\u793e\u7fa4\u6216\u5c11\u6578\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u53c8\u6d89\u53ca\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u300c\u6587\u5316\u300d\uff1f\u5230\u5e95\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u540c\u6027\u6200\u6587\u5316\uff1f\u540c\u6027\u6200\u662f\u5426\u5fc5\u9808\u662f\u300c\u751f\u7269\uff08\u57fa\u56e0\uff09\u300d\u9020\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u548c\u7a2e\u65cf\u2215\u65cf\u7fa4\u76f8\u63d0\u4e26\u8ad6\uff1f\u6b63\u5982Irvine\u6240\u6307\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u5b78\u8853\u7406\u8ad6\u5fc5\u9808\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u53cd\u751f\u7269\u672c\u8cea\u8ad6\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a[19]<\/a>\uff0c\u7e7c\u7e8c\u767c\u5c55\u300c\u7a2e\u65cf\u2215\u6027\u300d\u8eab\u4efd\u90fd\u662f\u5efa\u69cb\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ecb\u5165\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u722d\u8b70\uff0c\u4f7f\u6027\u5c11\u6578\u80fd\u9032\u5165\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u800c\u53c8\u907f\u514d\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5c11\u6578\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u885d\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u904e\u7f8e\u570b\u9019\u7a2e\u6027\u5c11\u6578\u8207\u65cf\u7fa4\u5c11\u6578\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u672a\u5fc5\u6703\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u800c\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u5b78\u8853\u8ad6\u8ff0\u5728\u76ee\u524d\u53f0\u7063\u300c\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u300d\u8207\u300c\u52a0\u5f37\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u300d\u7684\u547c\u8072\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ecb\u5165\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u61c9\u662f\u4ee5\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u9032\u884c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6539\u9769\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e2\u7136\u5728\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u63a1\u53d6\u5177\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u6548\u679c\u7684\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u81f3\u5c11\u5fc5\u9808\u5305\u542b\u4e0d\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u53d6\u5411\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u6d41\u6d3e\u3001\u4e92\u76f8\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u7684\u5b78\u8aaa\uff0c\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u5149\u8b5c\u4e0a\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u505a\u5230\u5404\u6d3e\u591a\u5143\u4e26\u9673\u3002\u9019\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6559\u5ba4\u8a00\u8ac7\u4e2d\u5fc5\u9700\u5305\u62ec\uff081\uff09\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6216\u5b97\u6559\u53d6\u5411\u7684\u6027\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\uff1a\u4e3b\u5f35\u7dad\u8b77\u73fe\u6709\u5bb6\u5ead\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6027\u9ad4\u5236\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u56de\u8fd4\u820a\u6709\u7684\uff0f\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u6027\u9053\u5fb7\u898f\u7bc4\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6216\u6539\u826f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6027\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\uff1b\u6b64\u6d3e\u90fd\u4e3b\u5f35\u6027\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u6027\u4eba\u6b0a\uff0c\u4f46\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u5340\u5206\u70ba\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5169\u7a2e\u4e3b\u5f35\uff1a\u653e\u4efb\u6d3e(libertarians)\u4e3b\u5f35\u6027\u958b\u653e\uff0c\u5bb9\u5fcd\u6027\u5c11\u6578\uff0c\u4ee5laisser-faire\u548c\u5e02\u5834\u6a5f\u5236\u4f86\u8abf\u7bc0\u6027\u9ad4\u5236\u8207\u6027\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u8f49\u8b8a\uff1b\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e(liberals)\u5247\u4e3b\u5f35\u6587\u5316\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u8207\u9ad4\u5236\u7684\u6f38\u9032\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u5c0d\u90a3\u4e9b\u300c\u7121\u5bb3\u4ed6\u4eba\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u79c1\u4e0b\u70ba\u4e4b\u7684\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u300d\u63a1\u53d6\u4e0d\u5e72\u6d89\u70ba\u539f\u5247\u7684\u6027\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\uff083\uff09\u6027\u6fc0\u9032\u6d3e\uff1a\u4e3b\u5f35\u6027\u89e3\u653e\uff08emancipation of sexuality\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5fb9\u5e95\u6539\u8b8a\u73fe\u6709\u6027\u9ad4\u5236\u7684\u9738\u6b0a\u7d50\u69cb\u4ee5\u53ca\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u7d50\u69cb\u6240\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u6027\u9053\u5fb7\uff09\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\u9019\u4e09\u500b\u7576\u4ee3\u6027\u8a00\u8ac7\u7684\u5927\u8da8\u52e2\u61c9\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u53cd\u6620\u5728\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u4e2d[20]<\/a>\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5217\u8209\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5404\u6d3e\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5f85\u6027\u9a37\u64fe\u3001\u5f37\u66b4\u3001\u672a\u5a5a\u61f7\u5b55\u3001\u611b\u6ecb\u3001\u540c\uff0f\u96d9\u6027\u6200\u3001\u4e82\u502b\u3001\u624b\u6deb\u3001\u5a5a\u59fb\u3001\u8272\u60c5\u66f8\u520a\u3001\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5047\u5b9a\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e2d\u7acb\u5ba2\u89c0\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6027\u5c11\u6578\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u6587\u5316\u3001\u50b3\u7d71\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u8868\u9054\u624d\u4e0d\u81f3\u65bc\u88ab\u6ec5\u7a2e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6709\u4eba\u6216\u8a31\u89ba\u5f97\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u5167\u5bb9\u7531\u65bc\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u6027\u8207\u96c6\u9ad4\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6703\u548c\u524d\u9762\u6240\u5f37\u8abf\u7684\u4ee5\u5b78\u751f\u7d93\u9a57\u611f\u53d7\u70ba\u4e3b\u7684\u5be6\u7528\u8207\u5be6\u9a57\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6559\u5b78\u5f62\u5f0f\u76f8\u885d\u7a81\uff1fRudolf M\u00fcller\u5728\u70ba\u6027\u5b78\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u66f8\u6240\u5beb\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u300c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u300d\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u793e\u6703\u653f\u6cbb\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4e26\u6279\u8a55\u4e86\u975e\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4e5f\u8a8d\u70ba\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u5fc5\u9808\u5f9e\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5c64\u6b21\u51fa\u767c\uff0c\u65e2\u7136\u73fe\u5728\u5927\u5bb6\uff08\u5e38\u8b58\uff09\u90fd\u8a8d\u70ba\u6027\u662f\u500b\u4eba\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u96c6\u9ad4\u653f\u6cbb\uff08\u6027\u5c11\u6578\u88ab\u58d3\u8feb\u6b67\u8996\uff09\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u7684\u78ba\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u53bb\u6eff\u8db3\u500b\u4eba\u5c0d\u6027\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u8aee\u5546\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u56f0\u96e3\u3002\u4f46\u662fM\u00fcller\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u5f37\u8abf\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u8b93\u500b\u4eba\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u6027\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u793e\u6703\u56e0\u679c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u5354\u52a9\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u555f\u8499\u662f\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u6700\u6070\u7576\u7684\u65b9\u91dd\uff1b\u6545\u800cM\u00fcller\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u5728\u4e0d\u65b7\u7684\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u9069\u61c9\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u4e3b\u89c0\u554f\u984c\u6642\uff0c\u4e5f\u7e3d\u662f\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u3001\u6279\u5224\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u793e\u6703\u3001\u53cd\u601d\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u548c\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u300d(306)\u3002M\u00fcller\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u7d50\u5c3e\u9084\u4f8b\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u653f\u6cbb\u8207\u5be6\u7528\u53d6\u5411\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u843d\u5be6\u5230\u6559\u5b78\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7e3d\u4e4b\uff0c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u5728\u5167\u5bb9\u4e0a\u8981\u6709\u4e0d\u8ff4\u907f\u50f9\u503c\u885d\u7a81\u8207\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u6559\u5b78\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u5247\u662f\u958b\u653e\u591a\u5143\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u6559\u5ba4\u3001\u5be6\u7528\u53d6\u5411\u7684\u6559\u5ba4\u3001\u4ee5\u5e2b\u751f\u7d93\u9a57\u70ba\u51fa\u767c\u9ede\u7684\u6559\u5ba4\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u628a\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6027\u653f\u6cbb\u6559\u80b2\u843d\u5be6\u5230\u5be6\u969b\u6559\u5b78\uff08\u7279\u5225\u662f\u591a\u5143\u5be6\u7528\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u65b9\u5f0f\uff09\u7684\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u662f\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u76ee\u524d\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u6240\u6839\u64da\u7684\u5b78\u554f\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6027\u5b78\u672c\u8eab\u3002Whatley\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u6240\u4f9d\u64da\u7684\u6027\u5b78\u4e00\u76f4\u8981\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u6210\u70ba\uff08\u6027\uff09\u79d1\u5b78\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u99ac\u65af\u7279\u8207\u74ca\u751f(William Masters and Virginia Johnson)\u65e9\u5e74\u70ba\u4e86\u64fa\u51fa\u79d1\u5b78\u5c08\u5bb6\u5f62\u8c61\u800c\u628a\u6027\u5b78\u7576\u6210\u5be6\u9a57\u79d1\u5b78\u6240\u81f4\u3002\u773e\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u5b78\u8853\u754c\u5c0d\u79d1\u5b78\u5ba2\u89c0\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u6279\u5224\u76f8\u7576\u8c50\u5bcc\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5c1a\u672a\u5c0d\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u8207\u6027\u5b78\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u97ff(Whatley 122-123)\uff1b\u4e3b\u6d41\u6027\u5b78\u4ecd\u7136\u4ee5\u751f\u7269\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8ad6\u4f86\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u300c\u6027\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5c0d\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u793e\u6703\u6b77\u53f2\u89d2\u8272\u5168\u7121\u53cd\u601d(Weeks 61-95)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u5c07\u665a\u8fd1\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6210\u679c\u2014\u2014\u6027\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u3001\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\uff08\u793e\u6703\uff09\u5efa\u69cb\u5b78\u6d3e\u3001\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u5b78\u6d3e\u3001\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u5f8c\u6b96\u6c11\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\uff08\u54f2\u5b78\uff09\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8207\u6027\u6cbb\u7642\u3001\u540c\u6027\u6200\u5c0d\u6027\uff0f\u5225\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u6279\u5224\u2014\u2014\u5f15\u5165\u6027\u5b78\u8207\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u6253\u7834\u628a\u6027\u8207\u771f\u7406\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u6027\u90e8\u7f72(deployment of sexuality)\u662f\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u7684(Foucault, History of Sexuality<\/em> 56)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u9664\u4e86\u5c0d\u6027\u5b78\u7684\u300c\u79d1\u5b78\u300d\u52a0\u4ee5\u89e3\u69cb\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u4e9f\u9700\u5efa\u69cb\u6027\u5b78\u7684\u65b0\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u66f4\u80fd\u5408\u4e4e\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u591a\u5143\u6c11\u4e3b\u5be6\u7528\u6559\u5b78\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4e00\u500b\u6027\u5b78\u5178\u7bc4\u7684\u8f49\u6298\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\uff0c\u5f9e\u751f\u7269\u751f\u7406\u91ab\u5b78\u7684\u3001\u5be6\u8b49\uff0f\u884c\u70ba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u7368\u9738\uff0c\u8f49\u6298\u5230\u591a\u5143\u8de8\u9818\u57df\u5b78\u554f\u7684\u5171\u751f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u7684\uff08\u6587\u5b78\u548c\u6d41\u884c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6027\u5efa\u69cb\uff09\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\uff08\u6027\u53f2\u8207\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u53f2\u3001\u6027\u5b78\u53f2\uff09\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u7684\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b78\u4e0a\u8a6e\u91cb\u5b78\u7684\uff0f\u6c11\u65cf\u8a8c\u7684\uff0f\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u8996\u91ce[21]<\/a>\u3002\u4e00\u8a00\u4ee5\u655d\u4e4b\uff0c\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u500b\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\uff08\u50f9\u503c\uff0f\u653f\u6cbb\uff0f\u4e3b\u9ad4\uff09\u7684\u65b0\u6027\u5b78\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u8a3b<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> \u672c\u6587\u521d\u7a3f\u66fe\u540c\u6642\u767c\u8868\u65bc1997\u5e745\u670831\u65e5\u5e2b\u5927\u6559\u80b2\u7cfb\u4e3b\u8fa6\u4e4b\u300c\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u5be6\u969b\u300d\u570b\u969b\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u3002\u5f88\u611f\u8b1d\u8ad6\u6587\u8a55\u8ad6\u4eba\u8207\u533f\u540d\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u8907\u5be9\u7d66\u4e88\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5bf6\u8cb4\u610f\u898b\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u90b1\u8cb4\u82ac\u7b49\u8a31\u591a\u5b78\u8005\u7684\u6307\u6b63\u3002<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> \u5728\u53f0\u7063\u9996\u5148\u628a\u6027\u6216\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u653e\u5728\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u7bc4\u7587\u5167\u4f86\u8ac7\u7684\u662f\u5289\u60e0\u7434\u6559\u6388\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c46\u300c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u6027\u5b78\u3001\u6027\u5225\u7814\u7a76\u66a8\u540c\u6027\u6200\u7814\u7a76\u570b\u969b\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u300d\uff081996\u5e746\u670829-30\u65e5\uff09\u300c\u9081\u5411\u591a\u5143\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u300d\u5ea7\u8ac7\u4e2d\u7684\u767c\u8a00\uff0c\u53c3\u898b\u300a\u6027\uff0f\u5225\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u65b0\u8996\u91ce\u300b\uff08\u4e0b\uff09\uff0c\u4f55\u6625\u8564\u7de8\uff0c\u5143\u5c0a\u6587\u5316\uff0c315-316\u9801\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u300c\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u300d\u9019\u500b\u89c0\u5ff5\u4e26\u975eApple\u7b49\u4eba\u6240\u5275\uff0c\u800c\u662fPhilip Jackson\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684(Apple 49)\u3002<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann, The Social Construction of Reality<\/em> (New York: Anchor Books, 1967)\u3002\u6b64\u66f8\u7684\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7814\u7a76\u53d6\u5411\u7576\u7136\u548c\u5085\u67ef\u7684\u53d6\u5411\u662f\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> Apple\u5728\u5f8c\u4f86\u7684\u4e00\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\u66f4\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u67d0\u4e9b\u4eba\u628a\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u8a34\u8af8\u4e00\u500b\u72f9\u7a84\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5316\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f5c\u51fa\u7d93\u6fdf\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8ad6\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u628a\u5b78\u751f\u7576\u4f5c\u88ab\u6d17\u8166\u3001\u7121\u6cd5\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u3002\u53c3\u898bMichael M. Apple, Education and Power <\/em>(London: ARK paperbacks, 1982, 1985), esp. Chapters 1 & 3 .<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> \u7576\u7136\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u6bd4\u8f03\u9069\u7576\u8655\u7406\uff08\u53f0\u7063\uff09\u5b78\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u96b1\u85cf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u61c9\u7576\u5f9e\u5be6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u958b\u59cb\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u9019\u6a23\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u800c\u4e14\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7559\u7d66\u90a3\u4e9b\u6709\u7ba1\u9053\u8207\u8cc7\u6e90\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5728\u6b64\u50c5\u80fd\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u8003\u5bdf\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u4f9b\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u53c3\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> \u5c0d\u65bc\u65e9\u5e74\u53f0\u7063\u5236\u670d\u8207\u982d\u9aee\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u53c3\u770b\u5361\u7dad\u6ce2\uff0c\u3008\u5236\u670d\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u653f\u6cbb\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u806f\u5408\u6587\u5b78\u300b\uff081996\u5e749\u6708\uff0957-61\u9801\u3002\u53bb\u6027\uff08\u5fb5\uff09\u5316\u7684\u5236\u670d\u982d\u9aee\u5f80\u5f80\u6709\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u610f\u542b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u6027\u58d3\u6291\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u537b\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u548c\u6027\u5225\u5340\u5206\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u7522\u751f\u77db\u76fe\u800c\u4fc3\u9032\u7537\u5973\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u5fb7\u62c9\u6885\u7279(Sara Delamont)\u6307\u51fa\u96d6\u7136\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u6821\u670d\u653f\u7b56\u5c0d\u5b78\u751f\u4e0d\u5229\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u5973\u6027\u670d\u88dd\u548c\u7537\u6027\u670d\u88dd\u622a\u7136\u6709\u5225\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5236\u670d\u66fe\u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u5c0d\u7537\u5973\u5e73\u7b49\u8d77\u904e\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u4f5c\u7528(196-208)\u3002<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> \u9019\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4f86\u81ea\u7b46\u8005\u5728\u4e2d\u592e\u5927\u5b78\u6027\uff0f\u5225\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u6240\u8209\u8fa6\u76841997\u5e74\u300c\u6843\u5712\u5730\u5340\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b78\u6559\u5e2b\u6027\u5225\u6559\u80b2\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u300d\uff08\u570b\u4e2d\u68af\u6b21\uff1a1\u670811\u65e5\uff0c\u570b\u5c0f\u68af\u6b21\uff1a3\u670819\u65e5\uff0c\u9ad8\u4e2d\u9ad8\u8077\u68af\u6b21\uff1a4\u670819\u65e5\uff09\u4e2d\u6240\u807d\u5230\u8207\u6703\u8001\u5e2b\u7684\u767c\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> \u7531\u65bc\u7537\u5973\u63a5\u89f8\u6027\u8cc7\u6e90\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8207\u7ba1\u9053\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6545\u800c\u58d3\u5236\u8272\u60c5\u7db2\u7ad9\u520a\u7269\u8207\u5f71\u50cf\uff0c\u62b9\u9ed1\u53d6\u5f97\u8272\u60c5\u8cc7\u6e90\u7684\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u6703\u66f4\u4f7f\u5973\u751f\u6bd4\u7537\u751f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6027\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u843d\u5165\u88ab\u7537\u4eba\u6027\u652f\u914d\u7684\u52a3\u52e2\u3002<\/p>\n

[9]<\/a> \u6b64\u4f8b\u51fa\u8655\u898b\u8a3b7\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u6d3b\u52d5\u4fd7\u7a31\u300c\u963f\u9b6f\u5df4\u300d\uff1b\u64da\u4e00\u4f4d\u300c\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u5be6\u969b\u300d\u570b\u969b\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u7684\u533f\u540d\u8ad6\u6587\u8907\u5be9\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u963f\u9b6f\u5df4\u4e5f\u91dd\u5c0d\u6210\u7e3e\u512a\u79c0\u8005\uff0c\u4e26\u7f8e\u5176\u540d\u70ba\u6176\u795d\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u898b\u9019\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6575\u610f\u7684\u767c\u6d29\u3002<\/p>\n

[10]<\/a> \u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u5728\u6b50\u7f8e\u5404\u570b\u98a8\u884c\u7684\u512a\u751f(eugenics) \u904b\u52d5\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u7121\u6578\u5145\u6eff\u4eba\u9053\u7cbe\u795e\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u4fe1\u5ff5\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u4efd\u5b50\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u900f\u904e\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u512a\u751f\u4f86\u63d0\u9ad8\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u54c1\u8cea\u6709\u8457\u7121\u4e0a\u7684\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u7576\u6642\u63a8\u52d5\u8a31\u591a\u9817\u70ba\u9032\u6b65\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u7bc0\u80b2\u63aa\u65bd\u3001\u5a5a\u59fb\u95dc\u4fc2\u6539\u9769\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u6b64\u8655\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u6642\u7d0d\u7cb9\u628a\u512a\u751f\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u63a8\u5230\u5176\u908f\u8f2f\u7684\u7d42\u6975\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u99ed\u4eba\u7684\u6bba\u622e\uff0c\u624d\u4f7f\u5f97\u9019\u500b\u66fe\u7d93\u9032\u6b65\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u6d88\u9000(Asbell 9; Grant 43; D\u2018Emilio & Freedman 245)\u3002<\/p>\n

[11]<\/a> \u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\uff0c\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u53e3\u865f\u6216\u653f\u7b56\u4e0d\u898b\u5f97\u6709\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0cJohn Knight, Richard Smith, Judyth Sachs\u7b49\u4eba\u4fbf\u986f\u793a\u6fb3\u6d32\u6709\u95dc\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u4e00\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8faf\u8ad6\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5728\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u5357\u8f45\u5317\u8f4d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u96d9\u65b9\u5728\u8a00\u8ac7\u4e0a\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u5171\u540c\u8655\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u4ecd\u7dad\u6301\u4e86\u539f\u6709\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u6b0a\u529b\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1b\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u67d0\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\u7684\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u5834\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u6709\u8457\u7dca\u5bc6\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n

[12]<\/a> 80\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ee5\u7f8e\u570b\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u9577William Bennett\u70ba\u9996\u7684\u4fdd\u5b88\u5b78\u8005\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u91dd\u5c0d\u65e5\u6f38\u591a\u5143\u7a00\u91cb\u7684\u6587\u5316\u73fe\u8c61\u63d0\u51fa\u6182\u5fc3\u8a00\u8ad6\uff0c\u5982Allen Bloom \u7684 The Closing of the American Mind<\/em> (1987)\u4ee5\u53caE. D. Hirsch \u7684 Cultural Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know<\/em> (1987)\u30021988\u5e74\u53f2\u4e39\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u8ab2\u7a0b\u53d6\u6d88\u884c\u4e4b\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u897f\u65b9\u7d93\u5178\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u5177\u6709\u6027\u5225\u53ca\u7a2e\u65cf\u8996\u91ce\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5728\u4eba\u6587\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u5f15\u767c\u300c\u6587\u5316\u5371\u6a5f\u300d\u7684\u6fc0\u70c8\u8faf\u8ad6\uff1b\u53f3\u6d3e\u5b78\u8005\u6307\u7a31\u5f15\u9032\u975e\u767d\u4eba\u3001\u975e\u7537\u6027\u3001\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u7d93\u5178\u5316\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u662f\u50b3\u7d71\u6587\u5316\u6dea\u4ea1\u7684\u8868\u5fb5\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u548c\u7a2e\u65cf\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u9670\u8b00\u3002\u9019\u5834\u6587\u5316\u8ad6\u6230\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u5728\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u5df2\u6210\u70ba\u601d\u8003\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u80cc\u666f\u8d77\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n

[13]<\/a> \u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6700\u8fd1\u5e7e\u5e74\u540c\u6027\u6200\u89e3\u653e\u904b\u52d5\u8d0f\u5f97\u9577\u8db3\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u548c\u5be6\u529b\u5f8c\uff0c\u60c5\u617e\u908a\u7de3\u4e3b\u9ad4\u624d\u5f97\u4ee5\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7248\u5716\u4e2d\u4ee5\u975e\u75c5\u7406\u5316\u7684\u9762\u8c8c\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u70ba\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u8a2d\u7acb\u4e86\u601d\u8003\u7684\u5178\u7bc4(Duberman 155-157)\u3002<\/p>\n

[14]<\/a> \u904e\u53bb\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u8a08\u756b\u548c\u751f\u6b96\u5065\u5eb7\u6a5f\u69cb\u4e5f\u4ee5\u70ba\u53ea\u8981\u52aa\u529b\u6559\u4eba\u907f\u5b55\u5c31\u6703\u6e1b\u5c11\u4e0d\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u61f7\u5b55\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u73fe\u5728\u5b83\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u6027\u89c0\u5ff5\uff08\u7279\u5225\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u5c0d\u6027\u6301\u8ca0\u9762\u614b\u5ea6\u7684\u6027\u89c0\u5ff5\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u50b3\u7d71\u523b\u677f\u7684\u6027\u5225\u89d2\u8272\u90fd\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u7576\u4e8b\u8005\u662f\u5426\u4e3b\u52d5\u63a1\u7528\u7bc0\u80b2\u63aa\u65bd\u4ee5\u53ca\u9019\u4e9b\u63aa\u65bd\u6210\u529f\u8207\u5426(Zeidenstein & Moore 1-5)\u2014\u2014\u7562\u7adf\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u9019\u4e9b\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u65e9\u5df2\u5e36\u8457\u5404\u5f0f\u5404\u6a23\u7684\u5305\u88b1\u548c\u6210\u898b\u9032\u5165\u6559\u5ba4\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u3001\u617e\u671b\u3001\u8868\u9054\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u884c\u52d5\u80fd\u529b\u90fd\u53d7\u5230\u6027\u6587\u5316\u548c\u6027\u5225\u6587\u5316\u7684\u8af8\u591a\u529b\u91cf\u6240\u5de6\u53f3\u3002<\/p>\n

[15]<\/a> \u53c3\u898b\u4f55\u6625\u8564\uff0c\u201c\u591a\u5143\u958b\u653e\u7684\u6587\u5b78\u6559\u5ba4\u2014\u2014\u53f2\u4e39\u5229\uff0e\u8cbb\u8a31\u7684\u52d9\u5be6\u4f5c\u98a8\u201d\uff0c 198-199\u9801\u3002<\/p>\n

[16]<\/a> \u7b46\u8005\u66fe\u505a\u904e\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u5be6\u9a57\uff1a\u6211\u5148\u8b93\u6559\u80b2\u5b78\u7a0b\u5b78\u751f\u5beb\u4e0b\u5979\u5011\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u8981\u6c42\u5979\u5011\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u5beb\u597d\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u6559\u80b2\u300d\u901a\u901a\u6539\u6210\u300c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u300d\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u767c\u73fe\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u5ff5\u88ab\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52d5\u5730\u61c9\u7528\u5230\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

[17]<\/a> \u6211\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u6027\u591a\u5143\u6216\u6027\u5c11\u6578\u4e43\u6307\u8457\u56e0\u70ba\u6027\u800c\u88ab\u6b67\u8996\u6216\u58d3\u8feb\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u88ab\u6027\u7684\u5e38\u614b\u898f\u7bc4\u8207\u6027\u9ad4\u5236\u6240\u6b67\u8996\u6216\u58d3\u8feb\u7684\u60c5\u617e\u6a21\u5f0f\u6216\u6027\u504f\u597d\uff0c\u4e4b\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u5973\u6027\u60c5\u617e\u3001\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u60c5\u617e\u3001\u540c\uff0f\u96d9\u6027\u6200\u3001\u548c\u50b3\u7d71\u4e0a\u88ab\u8a8d\u4f5c\u6027\u8b8a\u614b\u6216\u6027\u504f\u5dee\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u6216\u60c5\u617e\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u6feb\u4ea4\u3001\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001S\/M\u3001\u7ae5\u6200\u3001\u611b\u6ecb\u75c5\u60a3\u3001\u79c1\u751f\u5b50\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

[18]<\/a> \u6027\u5c11\u6578\u4f7f\u7528\u5c11\u6578\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u8a00\u8ac7\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u8f03\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8003\u616e\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u662f\u7b46\u8005\u591a\u7528\u300c\u6027\u591a\u5143\u300d\u7684\u7de3\u6545\u3002\u6709\u95dc\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8003\u91cf\u8acb\u53c3\u770bPatton 148 (note 14), Weeks 195-201\u4ee5\u53ca\u752f\u61c9\u658c\uff0c\u201c\u6027\u89e3\u653e\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u672d\u8a18\uff1a\u6027\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u6027\u5c11\u6578\u3001\u6027\u968e\u5c64\u201d\uff0c\u300a\u6027\u2215\u5225\u7814\u7a76\u300b3&4\u671f\u5408\u520a\ufe501998\u5e749\u6708\u3002<\/p>\n

[19]<\/a> Irvine\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u7a2e\u65cf\u7684\u6279\u5224\u7406\u8ad6\uff08\u8996\u7a2e\u65cf\u8207\u65cf\u7fa4\u5728\u793e\u6703\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u69cb\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7531\u751f\u7269\u69cb\u6210\u3002\u8a8d\u540c\u4e26\u4e0d\u53cd\u6620\u4e00\u500b\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u81ea\u6211\uff09\u3001\u504f\u5dee\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u7684\u6a19\u7c64\u7406\u8ad6\u6d3e\u3001\u9177\u5152\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u5f8c\u7d50\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

[20]<\/a> \u5728\u7576\u4ee3\u6027\u653f\u6cbb\u4e2d\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f8c\u73fe\u4ee3\u8a00\u8ac7\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u8a00\u8ac7\u6ce8\u91cd\u7684\u662f\u5728\u5730(local)\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u5728\u5730\u6548\u679c\u5247\u9808\u8996\u5728\u5730\u7684\u8108\u7d61\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u800c\u5b9a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f88\u96e3\u88ab\u6b78\u985e\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u5176\u8a00\u8ac7\u88ab\u4eba\u61f7\u7591\u662f\u5e74\u8f15\u7684\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u5247\u88ab\u6027\u6fc0\u9032\u6d3e\u6240\u632a\u7528\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u5247\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u548c\u6027\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6548\u679c\u5be6\u8cea\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u6613\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5f8c\u73fe\u4ee3\u6027\u8a00\u8ac7\u81ea\u8eab\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u8b70\u7a0b\u6216\u9060\u666f\u7db1\u9818\uff1b\u5f8c\u73fe\u4ee3\uff08\u7279\u5225\u662fFoucauldian\uff09\u7acb\u5834\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u6027\u79d1\u5b78\u5c1a\u672a\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\uff08\u4e0d\u904e\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5728\u89e3\u69cb\u6027\u8eab\u5206\u6216\u7a2e\u65cf\u8eab\u5206\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u672c\u8cea\u8a8d\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f8c\u73fe\u4ee3\u8a00\u8ac7\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n

[21]<\/a> \u521d\u6b65\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u60f3\u6cd5\u4f86\u81ea\u4f55\u6625\u8564\uff0c\u300a\u6027\u5fc3\u60c5\u300b\uff0c275-285\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u66f8\u76ee<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\u5973\u6027\u6b0a\u76ca\u4fc3\u9032\u6703\u3002\u3008\u53f0\u7063\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u5167\u5bb9\u73fe\u6cc1\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u4e00\u500b\u672c\u571f\u5a66\u904b\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u89c0\u9ede\u3009\u3002\u6027\u6279\u5224\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u5b78\u5b78\u6703\u4e3b\u8fa6\uff0c1996\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f55\u6625\u8564\u3002\u3008\u591a\u5143\u958b\u653e\u7684\u6587\u5b78\u6559\u5ba4\uff1a\u53f2\u4e39\u5229\uff0e\u8cbb\u8a31\u7684\u52d9\u5be6\u4f5c\u98a8\u3009\u300a\u6587\u5b78\u7684\u5f8c\u8a2d\u601d\u8003\u300b\uff0c\u5442\u6b63\u60e0\u7de8\u3002\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u6b63\u4e2d\u66f8\u5c40\uff0c1991\u5e74\uff0c182-204\u9801\u3002<\/p>\n

—\u3002\u300a\u6027\u5fc3\u60c5\uff1a\u6cbb\u7642\u8207\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u65b0\u6027\u5b78\u5831\u544a\u300b\u3002 \u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u5f35\u8001\u5e2b\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1996\u5e74\uff0c275-285\u9801\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f55\u6625\u8564\uff08\u4e3b\u7b46\uff09\u6d82\u61ff\u7f8e\u3001\u91d1\u5b9c\u84c1\u3001\u5f35\u7389\u82ac\u3001\u5f90\u5b9c\u5609\u3001\u5433\u80b2\u7498\uff08\u5354\u4f5c\uff09\u3002\u300a\u6027\u2215\u5225\u6821\u5712\uff1a\u65b0\u4e16\u4ee3\u7684\u6027\u5225\u6559\u80b2\u300b\u3002\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u5143\u5c0a\u6587\u5316\uff0c1998\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5fb7\u62c9\u6885\u7279\ufe50\u85a9\u62c9\uff08Delamont, Sara\uff09\u300a\u6027\u5225\u89d2\u8272\u8207\u5b78\u6821\u300b\uff08Sex Roles and the School<\/em>\uff09\u3002\u674e\u6587\u3001\u6c88\u5149\u660e\u7b49\u8b6f\u3002\u6210\u90fd\ufe30\u56db\u5ddd\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1987\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n

Apple, Michael W.\u00a0 Ideology and Curriculum<\/em>.\u00a0 Second Edition.\u00a0 New York: Routledge, 1990.<\/p>\n

Asbell, Bernard.\u00a0 The Pill: A Biography of the Drug That Changed the World<\/em>.\u00a0 New York: Random House, 1995.<\/p>\n

Aufderheide, Patricia, ed.\u00a0 Beyond PC: Toward a Politics of Understanding<\/em>.\u00a0 Saint Paul, MN: Graywolf P, 1992.<\/p>\n

Ball, Stephen J.\u00a0 Foucault and Education: Disciplines and Knowledge<\/em>.\u00a0 London: Routledge, 1990.<\/p>\n

Deem, Rosemary.\u00a0 Women and Schooling<\/em>.\u00a0 London: RKP, 1978.<\/p>\n

D\u2019Emilio, John & Estelle B. Freedman.\u00a0 Intimate Matters: A History of Sexuality in America<\/em>.\u00a0 New York: Harper & Row, 1988.<\/p>\n

Diller, Ann, Babara Houston, Kathryn Pauly Morgan, and Maryann Ayim.\u00a0 The Gender Question in Education<\/em>.\u00a0 Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1996.<\/p>\n

Diller, Ann and Barbara Houston.\u00a0 \u201cWomen\u2019s Physical Education: A Gender-Sensitive Perspective.\u201d\u00a0 Diller et. al.\u00a0 179-198.<\/p>\n

Duberman, Martin.\u00a0 \u201cGay and Lesbian Studies for Everyone.\u201d\u00a0 Aufderheide 155-157.<\/p>\n

Echols, Alice.\u00a0 Daring To Be Bad: Radical Feminism in America, 1967-1975<\/em>.\u00a0 Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1989.<\/p>\n

Fine, Michelle.\u00a0 \u201cSexuality, Schooling, and Adolescent Females: The Missing Discourse of Desire.\u201d\u00a0 Disruptive Voices: The Possibilities of Feminist Research<\/em>. \u00a0Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 1992.<\/p>\n

Foucault, Michel.\u00a0 Discipline and Punish<\/em>.\u00a0 New York: Vintage, 1979.<\/p>\n

—.\u00a0 History of Sexuality<\/em>, Vol. 1: An Introduction.\u00a0 Trans. by Robert Hurley.\u00a0 New York: Random House, 1978, 1980.<\/p>\n

Freire, Paolo.\u00a0 Pedagogy of the Oppressed<\/em>.\u00a0 Trans. By Myra Beroman Ramos.\u00a0 New York: Seabury, 1973.<\/p>\n

Giroux, Henry and Roger I. Simon.\u00a0 \u201cPopular Culture as Pedagogy of Pleasure and Meaning.\u201d\u00a0 Popular Culture, Schooling, and Everyday Life<\/em>.\u00a0 Eds. by Henry Giroux, Roger I. Simon, et. al.\u00a0 New York: Bergin & Garvey, 1989.<\/p>\n

Goldberg, David Theo, ed.\u00a0 Multiculturalism: A Critical Reader<\/em>.\u00a0 Oxford: Blackwell, 1994.<\/p>\n

Grant, Linda.\u00a0 Sexing the Millennium: Women and the Sexual Revolution<\/em>.\u00a0 New York: Grove, 1994.<\/p>\n

Irvine, Janice M.\u00a0 \u201cA Place in the Rainbow: Theorizing Lesbian and Gay Culture.\u201d\u00a0 Queer Theory\/Sociology<\/em>.\u00a0 Edited by Steven Seidman.\u00a0 Cambridge, Mass: Blackwell, 1996.\u00a0 213-239.<\/p>\n

Knight, John, Richard Smith and Judyth Sachs.\u00a0 \u201cDeconstructing Hegemony: Multicultural Policy and a Populist Response.\u201d\u00a0 Ball 133-152.<\/p>\n

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M\u00fcller, Rudolf.\u00a0 \u201cSex Education.\u201d\u00a0 Handbook of Sexology<\/em>.\u00a0 Ed. by J. Money and H. Musaph.\u00a0 Amsterdam: Elsevier\/North-Holland Biomedical Press, 1977.\u00a0 297-310.<\/p>\n

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Rubin, Gayle S.\u00a0 \u201cThinking Sex: Notes for a Radical Theory of the Politics of Sexuality.\u201d\u00a0 American Feminist Thought at Century\u2019s End: A Reader<\/em>.\u00a0 Ed. By Linda S. Kauffman.\u00a0 London: Blackwell, 1993.\u00a0 3-64.<\/p>\n

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Whatley, Mariamne H.\u00a0 \u201cRaging Hormones and Powerful Cars: The Construction of Men\u2019s Sexuality in School Sex Education and Popular Adolescent Films.\u201d \u00a0Postmodernism, Feminism, and Cultural Politics: Redrawing Educational Boundaries<\/em>. \u00a0Ed. By Henry Giroux.\u00a0 Albany: SUNY, 1991.\u00a0 119-143.<\/p>\n

Zeidenstein, Sondra & Kirsten Moore, eds.\u00a0 Learning about Sexuality: A Practical Beginning<\/em>.\u00a0 New York: The Population Council, 1996.<\/p>\n

\u8f49\u8f09\u672c\u6587\u8acb\u4fdd\u7559\u7db2\u9801\u8a3b\u8a18<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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