{"id":2361,"date":"2016-05-23T21:42:43","date_gmt":"2016-05-23T13:42:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/?p=2361"},"modified":"2016-12-08T21:54:17","modified_gmt":"2016-12-08T13:54:17","slug":"%e6%96%b0%e8%87%aa%e7%94%b1%e4%b8%bb%e7%be%a9%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a7%e5%9c%a8%e7%9f%9b%e7%9b%be%ef%bc%9a%e7%be%8e%e5%9c%8b%e9%9f%93%e8%a3%94%e6%80%a7%e7%a7%bb%e5%b7%a5%e8%88%87%e3%80%8c%e6%80%a7%e8%b2%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/2016\/05\/%e6%96%b0%e8%87%aa%e7%94%b1%e4%b8%bb%e7%be%a9%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a7%e5%9c%a8%e7%9f%9b%e7%9b%be%ef%bc%9a%e7%be%8e%e5%9c%8b%e9%9f%93%e8%a3%94%e6%80%a7%e7%a7%bb%e5%b7%a5%e8%88%87%e3%80%8c%e6%80%a7%e8%b2%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5167\u5728\u77db\u76fe\uff1a\u7f8e\u570b\u97d3\u88d4\u6027\u79fb\u5de5\u8207\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\uff08\u7ffb\u8b6f\u6821\u8a02\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u00a0\u00a0<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2367 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/20160507-012-sealing-passion-politics-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"336\" height=\"504\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/20160507-012-sealing-passion-politics-1.jpg 4000w, https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/20160507-012-sealing-passion-politics-1-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/20160507-012-sealing-passion-politics-1-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/20160507-012-sealing-passion-politics-1-683x1024.jpg 683w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 336px) 100vw, 336px\" \/>\uff08\u672c\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u70ba\u912d\u8a69\u9748Sealing Cheng\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u6c99\u7530\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b78\u65b0\u4e9e\u66f8\u9662\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7cfb\uff1b\u91d1\u6069\u5bb9Eunjung Kim\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u5a01\u65af\u5eb7\u8f9b\u6d32\u5a01\u65af\u5eb7\u8f9b\u5927\u5b78\u9ea5\u8fea\u905c\u5206\u6821\u6027\u5225\u8207\u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u3002\u7531Kris Chi\u7ffb\u8b6f\uff0c\u4f55\u6625\u8564\u6821\u8a02\u3002\u5728Sealing Cheng\u4f86\u53f0\u9032\u884c\u7cfb\u5217\u6f14\u8b1b\u524d\u520a\u767b\u65bc\u82e6\u52de\u7db2\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><strong>\u6458\u8981<\/strong>\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u65e8\u5728\u900f\u904e\u5169\u540d\u79fb\u6c11\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5982\u4f55\u8207\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u570b\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u548c\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8de8\u570b\u898f\u8a13\u5834\u57df\u5468\u65cb\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u8207\u7d93\u9a57\u4f86\u6aa2\u8996\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5167\u5728\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u5979\u5011\u5c0d\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u300d\u6a19\u7c64\u7684\u4e3b\u52d5\u62b5\u6297\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5206\u6790\u8d77\u9ede\u3002\u5c0d\u5979\u5011\u7684\u9077\u79fb\u904e\u7a0b\u8207\u5728\u7f8e\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u7d93\u9a57\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u5f8c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u4eba\u662f\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4e0d\u99b4\u4e3b\u9ad4\u3002\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c21\u4e16\u7d00\u6210\u5f62\u7684\u570b\u969b\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u5021\u8b70\u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u7684\u6027\u52de\u52d5\u4f7f\u5979\u5011\u627f\u53d7\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u6aa2\u8996\u8207\u5211\u7f70\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5979\u5011\u537b\u80fd\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u8996\u70ba\u81ea\u7d66\u81ea\u8db3\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u8ca0\u8cac\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u71df\u751f\u7684\u500b\u9ad4\u3002\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u500b\u4e2d\u7684\u5f35\u529b\u51fa\u81ea\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u4e09\u7a2e\u77db\u76fe\uff1a\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u986f\u70ba\u7121\u95dc\u9053\u5fb7\uff0c\u537b\u52a9\u9577\u4e86\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u8b70\u7a0b\uff0c\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u793e\u6703\u98a8\u96aa\u7684\u53bb\u653f\u6cbb\u5316\u8207\u570b\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u653f\u6cbb\u5316\uff0c\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u6301\u7e8c\u5275\u9020\u4e26\u8e42\u8eaa\u5f31\u52e2\u4eba\u53e3\uff0c\u53e6\u65b9\u9762\u8b9a\u980c\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0f\u6148\u5584\u56de\u61c9\u3002\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u7684\u81ea\u9020\u8a08\u5283\u8207\u8de8\u570b\u6253\u64ca\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u5efa\u5236\u4e26\u5217\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u8ffd\u5c0b\u8207\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u96d6\u7136\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u537b\u5728\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6642\u523b\u4ea4\u6703\u3002<\/span><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5a67\uff08Jin\uff09\u8207\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8a69\u9748\u5f9e\u524d\u4e26\u4e0d\u8a8d\u8b58\u30022007\u5e74\uff0c\u7d10\u7d04\u5e02\u67d0\u500b\u95dc\u6ce8\u4e9e\u6d32\u5973\u6027\u7684\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7d44\u7e54\u904b\u52d5\u8005\u807d\u8aaa\u8a69\u9748\u7814\u7a76\u97d3\u570b\u5973\u6027\u5728\u7f8e\u5f9e\u4e8b\u89aa\u5bc6\u670d\u52d9\u5f8c\u4fbf\u5f15\u4ecb\u5169\u4eba\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u5a67\u540c\u610f\u6210\u70ba\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\uff0c\u5206\u4eab\u5979\u5f9e\u5357\u97d3\u79fb\u6c11\u7f8e\u570b\u5f8c\u4ee5\u6309\u6469\u70ba\u751f\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u3002\u5a67\u662f\u540d\u5b0c\u5c0f\u768440\u6b72\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u8eca\u6c34\u99ac\u9f8d\u7684\u7d10\u7d04\u6cd5\u62c9\u76db\u5340\u8857\u89d2\u898b\u9762\u6642\u5e36\u8457\u4e00\u62b9\u5fae\u7b11\uff0c\u80f8\u6709\u6210\u7af9\u7684\u5411\u8a69\u9748\u9ede\u982d\uff0c\u5169\u4eba\u4e26\u80a9\u8d70\u4e8620\u5206\u9418\u56de\u5230\u5a67\u7684\u516c\u5bd3\uff0c\u9014\u4e2d\u7d93\u904e\u6210\u6392\u7684\u5e97\u5bb6\u90fd\u639b\u8457\u4e2d\u6587\u97d3\u6587\u4e26\u7528\u7684\u96d9\u8a9e\u62db\u724c\u3002\u5a67\u65bc2004\u5e74\u5e95\u5f9e\u53e6\u4e00\u540d\u97d3\u570b\u5973\u4eba\u624b\u88e1\u8f49\u79df\u4e86\u76f8\u5c0d\u65b0\u7a4e\u5c4b\u6cc1\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4e03\u6a13\u516c\u5bd3\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u967d\u5149\u71e6\u721b\u7684\u5348\u5f8c\uff0c\u5169\u4eba\u5750\u5728\u958b\u653e\u5f0f\u5eda\u623f\u7684\u5427\u53f0\u908a\u555c\u98f2\u8457\u7da0\u8336\uff0c\u804a\u4e86\u5169\u500b\u5c0f\u6642\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a69\u9748\u7684\u8a2a\u8ac7\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c6c\u65bc\u4e00\u4efd\u5728\u5168\u74035\u500b\u5730\u9ede\uff08\u5357\u97d3\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u3001\u6fb3\u6d32\u3001\u8207\u7f8e\u570b\u6771\u897f\u5cb8\uff09\u7814\u7a76\u97d3\u570b\u5973\u6027\u300c\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u300d\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u8a08\u756b\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u4f01\u696d\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08Corporate humanitarianism\uff09\u5347\u6eab<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>\uff0c\u5357\u97d3\u79fb\u6c11\u570b\u969b\u7d44\u7e54\uff08International Organization for Migration in South Korea\uff09\u8207Bom-bit\u57fa\u91d1\u6703\u806f\u5408\u7b56\u5283\u4e86\u6b64\u4e00\u7814\u7a76\u8a08\u5283\u3002Bom-bit\u57fa\u91d1\u6703\u7684\u5275\u8fa6\u4eba\u662f\u5357\u97d3\u6700\u5927\u4fdd\u96aa\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u9577\u4e4b\u59bb\u8c9e\u60e0\u5143\uff08Jeong Hae-won\uff09\uff0c\u5979\u5c0d\u5357\u97d3\u570b\u5167\u5916\u5a92\u9ad4\u5927\u91cf\u5831\u5c0e\u97d3\u570b\u5973\u6027\u88ab\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u903c\u5165\u6d77\u5916\u5f37\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\u8868\u9054\u9ad8\u5ea6\u95dc\u5207<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>\u3002\u97d3\u570b\u8eab\u70ba\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u5927\u7d93\u6fdf\u5f37\u570b\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u537b\u5bb9\u8a31\u570b\u5167\u5973\u6027\u51fa\u53e3\u88ab\u903c\u505a\u300c\u6027\u5974\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u8b93\u8a31\u591a\u97d3\u570b\u4eba\u548c\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u90fd\u89ba\u5f97\u532a\u5937\u6240\u601d\u3002\u66f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u56f0\u60d1\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5357\u97d3\u624d\u57282004\u5e74\u4ee5\u6253\u64ca\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u4e4b\u540d\u901a\u904e\u300c\u53cd\u8ce3\u6deb\u6cd5\u300d\uff0c\u5927\u6279\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7d44\u7e54\u8207\u76f8\u95dc\u5021\u8b70\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u570b\u5167\u548c\u570b\u969b\u8208\u8d77\uff0c\u7a4d\u6975\u8655\u7406\u6b64\u4e00\u8b70\u984c\u3002Bom-bit\u57fa\u91d1\u6703\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8a08\u756b\u540c\u6a23\u4e5f\u5047\u8a2d\u5728\u6d77\u5916\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u5357\u97d3\u5973\u6027\u90fd\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u300d\uff0c\u5728\u5b83\u767c\u7d66\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u9ede\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u554f\u5377\u88e1\u5145\u65a5\u8457\u6709\u95dc\u5f37\u8feb\u3001\u66b4\u529b\u3001\u6027\u8650\u5f85\u7b49\u7b49\u5047\u8a2d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u554f\u5377\u6703\u554f\uff1a\u300c\u770b\u7ba1\u4f60\u7684\u4eba\uff08\u50f1\u4e3b\u3001\u300e\u5abd\u5abd\u6851\u300f\u3001\u7d93\u7406\u3001\u8001\u516c\u22ef\u22ef\u7b49\uff09\u6703\u600e\u6a23\u5f37\u8feb\u4f60\u505a\u4f60\u4e0d\u60f3\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\uff1f\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u5834\u666f\u62c9\u56de\u5a67\u5bb6\u7684\u5eda\u623f\u5427\u53f0\u3002\u8a69\u9748\u8a66\u5716\u7167\u8457\u9810\u8a2d\u7684\u554f\u5377\u554f\u984c\u5411\u5a67\u63d0\u554f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u537b\u8ddd\u96e2\u73fe\u5be6\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u9060\u3002\u5a67\u662f\u900f\u904e\u53cb\u4eba\u8207\u540c\u4e8b\u4ecb\u7d39\uff0c\u65b7\u65b7\u7e8c\u7e8c\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u6771\u5cb8\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6309\u6469\u5e97\u88e1\u64d4\u4efb\u6309\u6469\u5e2b\uff0c\u5979\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5a67\uff1a\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u53ea\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u6309\u6469\u6d74\uff08table showers\uff09\u3001\u6309\u6469\u6216\u804a\u5929\u800c\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a69\u9748\uff1a\u9019\u4e9b\u4eba\u662f\u597d\u5ba2\u4eba\u55ce\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u5a67\uff1a\u4e0d\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a69\u9748\uff1a\u90a3\u4ec0\u9ebc\u624d\u662f\u597d\u5ba2\u4eba\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u5a67\uff1a\u80fd\u901f\u6230\u901f\u6c7a\u7684\uff0c\u6d17\u500b\u6fa1\u3001\u505a\u5b8c\u611b\u4e4b\u5f8c\u5c31\u8d70\u7684\u90a3\u7a2e\uff0c\u624d\u662f\u6700\u68d2\u7684\u5ba2\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5a67\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86\u6574\u500b\u7814\u7a76\u88e1\u6240\u8a8d\u5b9a\u7684\u524d\u63d0\uff1a\u300c\u6027\u52de\u52d5\u5c0d\u5973\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\u662f\u5168\u7136\u52a0\u5bb3\u800c\u4e14\u5973\u4eba\u7121\u6cd5\u5728\u79fb\u6c11\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5c55\u73fe\u80fd\u52d5\u6027\u300d\u3002\u5c0d\u5a67\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5ba2\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6027\u4ea4\u524d\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u6e05\u6d17\u4e7e\u6de8\u3001\u5feb\u901f\u5b8c\u4e8b\u800c\u4e0d\u6d41\u9023\u5fd8\u8fd4\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u5ba2\u4eba\u6bd4\u8d77\u7d14\u804a\u5929\u7684\u5ba2\u4eba\u4f86\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u5a67\u8a8d\u70ba\u6027\u53ea\u662f\u8eab\u9ad4\u8207\u60c5\u611f\u5404\u7a2e\u52de\u52d5\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u6709\u6548\uff08\u5feb\u901f\uff09\u8b93\u5979\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u52de\u529b\u5f97\u5230\u56de\u5831\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u6708\u53ef\u4ee5\u8cfa\u4e00\u842c\u4e00\u5230\u5169\u842c\u4e8c\u7f8e\u91d1\u3002\u548c\u5a67\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u90fd\u4e0d\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u8996\u70ba\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4eba\u8aaa\u66fe\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u5834\u6240\u9047\u5230\u66b4\u529b\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4eba\u5247\u4e3b\u52d5\u63d0\u5230\u7d93\u6b77\u4f34\u4fb6\u66b4\u529b\uff08\u96d6\u7136\u554f\u5377\u6c92\u554f\uff09\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u7814\u7a76\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ea\u80fd\u7e3d\u7d50\uff1a\u7814\u7a76\u8a08\u5283\u9810\u8a2d\u4e86\u5973\u6027\u662f\u6027\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u9019\u8207\u5973\u6027\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u6709\u660e\u986f\u843d\u5dee\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u5be9\u614e\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u6545\u4e8b\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u60f3\u85c9\u7531\u5169\u500b\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u4f86\u6aa2\u8996\u4e0d\u99b4\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e3b\u9ad4\u5982\u4f55\u6210\u5f62\u3002\u9019\u5169\u500b\u5973\u4eba\uff08\u5a67\u8207\u4eac\u654f\uff0c\u7686\u70ba\u5316\u540d\uff09\u90fd\u62d2\u7d55\u88ab\u6a19\u7c64\u70ba\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u300d\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u5979\u5011\u7684\u6d41\u52d5\u8ecc\u8de1\u8207\u52de\u52d5\u5730\u9ede\u6703\u8b93\u4eba\u806f\u60f3\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u4e3b\u6d41\u6587\u5316\uff0d\uff0d\u5305\u62ec\u5a92\u9ad4\u3001\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u5021\u8b70\u8005\u3001\u901a\u4fd7\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0d\uff0d\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ba\u6dea\u843d\u65bc\u56f0\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u57f7\u6cd5\u6a5f\u69cb\u537b\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u5c07\u5176\u8996\u70ba\u51fa\u8ce3\u8089\u9ad4\u7684\u7f6a\u72af\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u5f71\u97ff\u4e86\u5973\u6027\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u81ea\u6211\u518d\u73fe\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u8207\u62b5\u6297\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u596e\u9b25\u5ea7\u843d\u5728\u6211\u5011\u6240\u8b02\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4e09\u500b\u6839\u672c\u77db\u76fe\u88e1\uff1a\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u975e\uff0f\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u53bb\uff0f\u653f\u6cbb\u5316\u3001\u8207\u7121\uff0f\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u900f\u904e\u4ed4\u7d30\u95b1\u8b80\u5a67\u8207\u4eac\u654f\u7684\u6558\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u5176\u8207\u6709\u95dc\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u6027\u5225\u8207\u6027\u7684\u73fe\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u77e5\u8b58\u5c0d\u7167\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u9078\u64c7\u9019\u5169\u4f4d\u5973\u6027\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u5011\u6e05\u695a\u6279\u5224\u4e86\u865f\u7a31\u300c\u4fdd\u8b77\u300d\u5979\u5011\u7684\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u5021\u8b70\uff0c\u5a67\u8207\u4eac\u654f\u5c0d\u57f7\u6cd5\u6a5f\u69cb\u8207\u865f\u7a31\u7dad\u8b77\u5979\u5011\u300c\u6b0a\u5229\u300d\u7684\u4eba\u9053\u5e72\u9810\u6975\u5ea6\u53ad\u60e1\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u53ad\u60e1\u4e5f\u5f15\u767c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u597d\u5947\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u7a2e\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u628a\u5169\u4eba\u7684\u6d41\u52d5\u8ecc\u8de1\u3001\u9858\u666f\u3001\u548c\u4e0d\u6eff\u653e\u5165\u5357\u97d3\u8207\u7f8e\u570b\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u5ee3\u5927\u8da8\u52e2\u4e2d\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u9019\u6279\u5973\u4eba\u5f88\u7b56\u7565\u6027\u7684\u898f\u5283\u79fb\u6c11\u548c\u52de\u52d5\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u8b93\u81ea\u5df1\u6210\u70ba\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\uff0d\uff0d\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u7a31\u9019\u500b\u898f\u5283\u70ba\u300c\u5275\u5efa\u8a08\u5283\u300d\uff08construction projects\uff09\uff0d\uff0d\u5979\u5011\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u9ad4\u73fe\u4e86\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u7368\u7acb\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u5834\uff08Brodie 1996\uff09\uff0c\u53e6\u65b9\u9762\u537b\u9055\u53cd\u4e86\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u7570\u6027\u6200\uff08relational heterosexuality\uff09\u8207\u4e2d\u7522\u5973\u6027\u6c23\u8cea\uff08middle-class femininity\uff0cBernstein 2012\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53cd\u800c\u51f8\u986f\u4e86\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6027\u4fb7\u9650\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u904b\u52d5\u9ad8\u8209\u5973\u6027\u4eba\u6b0a\u3001\u6027\u5225\u6b63\u7fa9\u3001\u548c\u570b\u5bb6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4fdd\u8b77\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u537b\u4e0d\u4f46\u5c07\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ba\u72af\u7f6a\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u4e5f\u6301\u7e8c\u5f37\u5316\u6027\u5225\u3001\u968e\u7d1a\u3001\u7a2e\u65cf\u3001\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5168\u7403\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c21\u4e16\u7d00\u6210\u5f62\u7684\u5168\u7403\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u5021\u8b70\u5176\u5be6\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u662f\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u5b83\u5efa\u57fa\u65bc\u6c11\u7cb9\u904b\u52d5\u3001\u7a2e\u65cf\u9810\u8a2d\u3001\u6587\u5316\u6230\u722d\u3001\u8207\u6027\u6050\u614c\uff0c\u4ee5\u5408\u7406\u5316\u5c0d\u908a\u7de3\u4e3b\u9ad4\u7684\u6253\u58d3\uff08Duggan 2003\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Bom-bit\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u9019\u500b\u8a08\u5283\u9810\u8a2d\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5728\u6d77\u5916\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u5357\u97d3\u5973\u6027\u90fd\u662f\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u6c42\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u62db\u52df\u5728\u6027\u7522\u696d\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u97d3\u570b\u5973\u6027\u586b\u7b54\u4e00\u4efd\u53cd\u6620\u9019\u4e9b\u9810\u8a2d\u7684\u554f\u5377\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u7126\u9ede\u653e\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u79fb\u6c11\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\u5728\u6309\u6469\u9662\u548c\u540d\u70ba\u300c\u6c99\u9f8d\u623f\u300d\u7684\u5973\u4f8d\u4ff1\u6a02\u90e8\u88e1\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5973\u6027\uff1b\u6c99\u9f8d\u623f\u662f\u70ba\u7537\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u5973\u6027\u966a\u4f34\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9032\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u89aa\u5bc6\u7684\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6309\u6469\u3001\u8ac7\u5929\u3001\u5531\u6b4c\u3001\u812b\u8863\u79c0\u3001\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u52de\u52d5\u8207\u5a1b\u6a02\u52de\u52d5\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f46\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5305\u62ec\u8cb7\u8ce3\u7684\u6027\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u8981\u627e\u5230\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u5728\u7db2\u8def\u3001\u97d3\u570b\u793e\u7fa4\u5831\u7d19\u4e0a\u520a\u8f09\u5ee3\u544a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u97d3\u570b\u9910\u5ef3\u8207\u5361\u62c9OK\u7684\u6d17\u624b\u9593\u5f35\u8cbc\u50b3\u55ae\uff08\u898b\u8a3b4\uff09\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u5f8c\u4e5f\u4ee5\u6efe\u96ea\u7403\u7684\u63a1\u6a23\u65b9\u5f0f\u7531\u5979\u5011\u4ecb\u7d39\u670b\u53cb\u8207\u540c\u4e8b\u53c3\u8207\u8a2a\u8ac7\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u5171\u670913\u540d\u5973\u6027\u540c\u610f\u53c3\u8207\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d12\u540d\u5728\u6c99\u9f8d\u623f\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e00\u540d\u5728\u6309\u6469\u5e97\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5169\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u904e\u53bb\u7d2f\u7a4d\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u5357\u97d3\u908a\u7de3\u5973\u6027\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u7bc4\u570d\u64f4\u53ca\u6210\u4eba\u8207\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u548c\u5a67\u8207\u4eac\u654f\u6e9d\u901a\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u7d93\u9a57\u4ee5\u53ca\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u97d3\u570b\u6027\u7522\u696d\u64cd\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u66f4\u52a0\u654f\u611f\u65bc\u5979\u5011\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e5f\u591a\u5c11\u62c9\u8fd1\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u548c\u88ab\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u793e\u6703\u8ddd\u96e2\u3002\u6211\u5011\u7576\u7136\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u8a2a\u8ac7\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u662f\u300c\u5ea7\u843d\u65bc\u7279\u5b9a\u8108\u7d61\u88e1\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\u300c\u771f\u7406\u300d\u6558\u8ff0\uff08Haraway 1988\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u8ac7\u5230\u5979\u5011\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u4e4b\u8def\u6709\u6642\u66f2\u6298\u4e14\u5371\u96aa\u3001\u5979\u5011\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u60c5\u6cc1\u6709\u6642\u56f0\u96e3\u591a\u591a\u3001\u5979\u5011\u4f5c\u70ba\u975e\u6cd5\u5916\u570b\u4eba\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\u8207\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u611f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u5011\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u8207\u5168\u7403\u548c\u7f8e\u570b\u5ee3\u6cdb\u6d41\u50b3\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\u5973\u6027\u88ab\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\u5f9e\u5a3c\u7684\u901a\u4fd7\u8aaa\u6cd5\u4ecd\u7136\u5f62\u6210\u9bae\u660e\u5c0d\u6bd4\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u9ede\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e5f\u767c\u73fe\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u500b\u5225\u5831\u544a\u53ea\u7559\u5728\u8a18\u8005\u6703\u767c\u9001\u7684\u5149\u789f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u51fa\u73fe\u5728Bom-bit\u57fa\u91d1\u6703\u7684\u7d19\u672c\u7d50\u6848\u5831\u544a\u88e1\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u5118\u7ba1\u672a\u80fd\u8b49\u5be6\u97d3\u570b\u5973\u6027\u56e0\u70ba\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u8ce3\u800c\u88ab\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\uff0c\u5728\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u7d50\u6848\u5831\u544a\u88e1\uff0c\u4e3b\u5c0e\u8a08\u5283\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4ecd\u7136\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u6027\u5974\u5f79\u7121\u6240\u4e0d\u5728\uff0c\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u66f4\u662f\u5371\u96aa\uff0c\u300c\u9019\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u986f\u793a\u5f88\u591a\u5973\u6027\u8655\u65bc\u985e\u4f3c\u6027\u5974\u5f79\u6216\u6027\u525d\u524a\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u88e1\u22ef\u22ef\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u97d3\u570b\u5973\u6027\u9032\u5165\u6d77\u5916\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u554f\u984c\u61c9\u8a72\u4ee5\u5f37\u8abf\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u5371\u96aa\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u300d\uff08Bom-bit 2008, 52\uff09\u3002\u50cf\u9019\u6a23\u9055\u53cd\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u800c\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5805\u6301\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u5a01\u8105\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e26\u975e\u610f\u5916\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u806f\u5408\u570b\u79d1\u6559\u6587\u7d44\u7e54\uff08UNESC\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65e9\u5c31\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6709\u95dc\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u666e\u53ca\u5168\u7403\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u5176\u5be6\u795e\u8a71\u591a\u65bc\u4e8b\u5be6\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70baBom-bit\u57fa\u91d1\u6703\u8655\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u518d\u5ea6\u793a\u7bc4\uff0c\u6709\u95dc\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u751f\u7522\u548c\u6d41\u901a\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u7acb\u8db3\u65bc\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3001\u773e\u53e3\u540c\u8072\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u3001\u548c\u865b\u5047\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u5168\u6587\u5c07\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\u4ee5\u62ec\u865f\u8655\u7406\uff0c\u5012\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u4ee5\u5f37\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\u70ba\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u8981\u5f37\u8abf\u9019\u500b\u5ee3\u70ba\u6d41\u50b3\u7684\u8a5e\u5f59\u6709\u8457\u6975\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u800c\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\u4e00\u8a5e\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u5f80\u5f80\u96a8\u8457\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u8207\u4f7f\u7528\u5834\u5408\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6307\u8ce3\u6deb\u3001\u5165\u884c\u3001\u5728\u6027\u7522\u696d\u4e2d\u7d93\u6b77\u66b4\u529b\u8207\u525d\u524a\u3001\u6216\u8005\u88ab\u5f37\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c2000\u5e74\u806f\u5408\u570b\u901a\u904e\u7684\u300a\u9810\u9632\u3001\u58d3\u5236\u53ca\u61f2\u6cbb\u8ca9\u904b\u4eba\u53e3\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u300b\uff08Protocol for the Prevention, Protection, and Punishment of Trafficking in Persons\uff09\u5c07\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u6240\u6709\u52de\u52d5\u5834\u57df\u4e2d\uff08\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u8ce3\u6deb\uff09\u7684\u5f37\u5236\u52de\u52d5\uff0c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u8a2d\u5b9a\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\u70ba\u55ae\u7368\u9805\u76ee\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u65bc2000\u5e74\u901a\u904e\u7684\u300a\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u4fdd\u8b77\u6cd5\u300b\uff08Trafficking Victims Protection Act\uff0cTVPA\uff09\u5247\u5c07\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u300c\u62db\u52df\u3001\u5bb9\u7559\u3001\u8f49\u904b\u3001\u63d0\u4f9b\u3001\u6216\u53d6\u5f97\u500b\u4eba\u6295\u5165\u5546\u696d\u7684\u6027\u884c\u70ba\uff08\u00a7103 (9)\uff09\u300d\u3002\u5f88\u986f\u7136\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u63d0\u5230\u5f37\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u5c07\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\u76f4\u63a5\u7b49\u540c\u65bc\u8ce3\u6deb\u884c\u70ba\u53ca\u5176\u4ef2\u4ecb\u3002\u9019\u500b\u540d\u8a5e\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6548\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u4e26\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u7f70\u5247\u6216\u79fb\u6c11\u512a\u60e0\uff08Peters 2009\uff09\uff0c\u5728TVPA\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f37\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\u6216\u672a\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u8ce3\u6deb\u88ab\u5b9a\u7fa9\u5c6c\u65bc\u300c\u60e1\u52a3\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u5f62\u5f0f\u300d\uff08\u00a7103 (8)\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u6709\u300c\u60e1\u52a3\u5f62\u5f0f\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u300d\u624d\u6709\u8cc7\u683c\u63a5\u53d7\u793e\u6703\u8207\u79fb\u6c11\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5354\u52a9\u3002Alicia Peters\u7814\u7a76TVPA\u53ca\u5176\u5be6\u65bd\u6642\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u300c\u300e\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u300f\u6240\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u6050\u614c\u626d\u66f2\u4e86\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u610f\u6db5\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u662f\u500b\u5f37\u5236\u6216\u8105\u8feb\u52de\u52d5\u7684\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u537b\u88ab\u7c21\u5316\u70ba\u53ea\u662f<strong><em>\u6027<\/em><\/strong>\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u9055\u53cd\u610f\u9858\u300d\uff082001, 20; \u659c\u9ad4\u70ba\u539f\u6587\u6240\u52a0\uff09\u3002Laura Agust\u00edn\uff082006\uff09\u540c\u6a23\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u79fb\u5de5\u82e5\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5f9e\u4e8b\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u800c\u79fb\u6c11\uff0c\u5176\u300c\u79fb\u6c11\u8005\u300d\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u7acb\u523b\u6703\u88ab\u5426\u6c7a\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u88ab\u84ec\u52c3\u767c\u5c55\u800c\u8981\u6c42\u66f4\u56b4\u683c\u7ba1\u5236\u908a\u5883\u4e26\u5c07\u6027\u7522\u696d\u7f6a\u884c\u5316\u7684\u300c\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\u8ad6\u8ff0\u6240\u6db5\u84cb\u3002\u6211\u5011\u56e0\u6b64\u5c07\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u8ad6\u8ff0\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u5b83\u7acb\u57fa\u65bc\u4e00\u7a2e\u91dd\u5c0d\u5408\u6cd5\uff0f\u975e\u6cd5\u7684\u6027\u8207\u79fb\u6c11\u7684\u7279\u5225\u601d\u8003\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5e36\u4f86\u6027\u5225\u3001\u968e\u7d1a\u3001\u8207\u7a2e\u65cf\u4e0a\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6548\u61c9\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\uff1a\u5728\u7d71\u7ba1\u6280\u8853\u8207\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\u4e4b\u9593<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u63a2\u7d22\u4f55\u7a2e\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u72c0\u6cc1\u63a8\u52d5\u4e86\u5357\u97d3\u5973\u6027\u79fb\u5165\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u89aa\u5bc6\u670d\u52d9\u7522\u696d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5979\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u4ee5\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u300d\u7684\u8eab\u5206\u88ab\u7c60\u7f69\u5728\u8de8\u570b\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u7d71\u6cbb\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u8207\u98a8\u96aa\u627f\u64d4\u56e0\u800c\u8207\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4f5c\u70ba\u56b4\u53b2\u7684\u57f7\u6cd5\u9ad4\u7cfb\u532f\u805a\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5169\u8005\u7686\u662f\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u4ee5\u4f86\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u5404\u570b\u5be6\u65bd\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e0b\u7684\u7522\u7269\uff08Bernstein 2012; Choi 2013; Chuang 2006; Lee 2005, 2007; Park et al. 2013\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u91cd\u69cb\u4e86\u5357\u97d3\u7d93\u6fdf\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u800c\u70ba\u5973\u4eba\u98c4\u6d0b\u904e\u6d77\u627e\u5c0b\u5c31\u696d\u6a5f\u6703\u642d\u597d\u4e86\u821e\u53f0\u3002\u96a8\u84571997\u5e74\u570b\u969b\u8ca8\u5e63\u57fa\u91d1\u7d44\u7e54\uff08IMF\uff09\u6b77\u53f2\u6027\u7684\u7dca\u6025\u63f4\u52a9\uff0c\u5357\u97d3\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u7ba1\u7406\u958b\u59cb\u63a1\u7528\u5f48\u6027\u70ba\u4e3b\u8981\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u9020\u6210\u4ee5\u6027\u5225\u8207\u5e74\u9f61\u5340\u5206\u7684\u56b4\u91cd\u5931\u696d\uff0c\u4e5f\u64f4\u6563\u4e86\u975e\u5178\u578b\u50f1\u7528\u95dc\u4fc2\u8207\u63d0\u65e9\u9000\u4f11\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u30022002\u5e74\u5168\u570b\u7e3d\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u670951.6\uff05\u662f\u81e8\u6642\u5de5\u3001\u77ed\u671f\u5951\u7d04\u5de5\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u696d\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u4eba\u529b\u6d3e\u9063\u516c\u53f8\u96c7\u54e1\u3001\u8207\u65e5\u85aa\u5de5\u4eba\uff1b2005\u5e74\uff0c\u9019\u985e\u975e\u5e38\u614b\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u7e3d\u6536\u5165\u53ea\u9054\u5230\u5e38\u614b\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u768450.9\uff05\uff08Kim and Park 2006, 444\u20136\uff09\u3002\u5c31\u696d\u80fd\u529b\u8207\u81ea\u7d66\u81ea\u8db3\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u5357\u97d3\u65b0\u8208\u798f\u5229\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6307\u6a19\uff08\u898bSong 2009\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u500b\u8f49\u8b8a\u5c0d\u5973\u6027\u7684\u885d\u64ca\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u5011\u4e00\u5411\u5c31\u662f\u5357\u97d3\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u5f8c\u5099\u8ecd<a href=\"#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[i]<\/a>\u30022002\u5e74\uff0c66.9\uff05\u7684\u5973\u6027\u8981\u4e0d\u662f\u65e5\u85aa\u5de5\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u81e8\u6642\u5de5\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u7537\u6027\u53ea\u670935%\u662f\u65e5\u85aa\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c41\uff05\u662f\u81e8\u6642\u5de5\uff08Kim and Park 2006, 447\uff09\u3002\u7d93\u6fdf\u5408\u4f5c\u66a8\u767c\u5c55\u7d44\u7e54\uff08OECD\uff09\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u6578\u5b57\u986f\u793a\uff0c2005\u5e74\u5357\u97d3\u5973\u6027\u5c31\u696d\u7387\u53ea\u670952.5\uff05\uff0c\u4f4e\u65bcOECD\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c56.1\uff05\uff1b\u7537\u6027\u8207\u5973\u6027\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u85aa\u8cc7\u5dee\u8ddd\u57282007\u5e74\u8d85\u904e\u4e8640\uff05\uff0c\u662f\u6240\u6709OECD\u570b\u5bb6\u4e2d\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\uff08OECD 2011a\uff09\u30022008\u5e74\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5371\u6a5f\u4f7f\u5f97\u6027\u5225\u5316\u7684\u5931\u696d\u518d\u6b21\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u5357\u97d3\u52de\u52d5\u90e8\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5f9e2008\u5e7411\u6708\u52302009\u5e745\u6708\uff0c98\uff05\u7684\u88c1\u54e1\u767c\u751f\u5728\u5973\u6027\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u6bb5\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u5171\u6709877,000\u540d\u4e09\u5341\u591a\u6b72\u7684\u5973\u6027\u5931\u696d\uff08Yoon 2009\uff09\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u4f01\u696d\u6e1b\u5c11\u62db\u52df\u65b0\u54e1\u5de5\u800c\u50be\u5411\u50f1\u7528\u6709\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u529b\uff0c\u5e74\u8f15\u4eba\u82e6\u7121\u5c31\u696d\u6a5f\u6703\u6216\u5de5\u4f5c\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6642\u7a7a\u80cc\u666f\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6d77\u5916\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c0d\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e8c\u3001\u4e09\u5341\u6b72\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4f86\u8aaa\u8b8a\u6210\u5f88\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u9078\u9805\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u5011\u5373\u4fbf\u64c1\u6709\u5927\u5b78\u6587\u6191\u4e5f\u5f88\u96e3\u5728\u570b\u5167\u627e\u5230\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u4e9b\u97d3\u570b\u5973\u6027\u6709\u7684\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u3001\u7f8e\u570b\u3001\u6fb3\u6d32\u7b49\u5730\u958b\u59cb\u5f9e\u4e8b\u89aa\u5bc6\u6027\u670d\u52d9\u7522\u696d\u3002\u5979\u5011\u5922\u60f3\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u5e36\u4e00\u5927\u7b46\u9322\u56de\u5230\u5357\u97d3\u958b\u59cb\u65b0\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u76f8\u4fe1\u98a8\u96aa\u8207\u8f9b\u82e6\u53ea\u662f\u66ab\u6642\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u7684\uff08\u5982\u679c\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u96b1\u779e\uff09\u3002\u5728\u6d77\u5916\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e5f\u7d66\u5979\u5011\u865b\u5e7b\u7684\u627f\u8afe\uff0c\u4ee5\u70ba\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u6642\u8ffd\u6c42\u5176\u4ed6\u5922\u60f3\uff0c\u5982\u8b80\u66f8\u3001\u767c\u5c55\u5c08\u696d\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u7d50\u5a5a\u3002\u7136\u800c\u79fb\u6c11\u7ba1\u5236\u8feb\u4f7f\u5979\u5011\u5c0b\u6c42\u975e\u6cd5\u5165\u5883\u7684\u5354\u52a9<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a>\uff0c\u5230\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6c7a\u5fc3\u79fb\u6c11\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u570b\u5167\u5931\u696d\u6216\u672a\u5145\u5206\u5c31\u696d\u3001\u8207\u6d77\u5916\u4e0d\u5b89\u7a69\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u6539\u8b8a\u547d\u904b\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u4e4b\u9593\u505a\u4e00\u9078\u64c7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u97d3\u570b\u5973\u6027\u7684\u96e2\u570b\u5916\u6d41\u5728\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\u5099\u53d7\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u8da8\u52e2\u4e2d\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u53d7\u5230\u56b4\u53b2\u7684\u6aa2\u8996\u3002\u5168\u7403\u6216\u5728\u5730\u70ba\u4e86\u6253\u64ca\u5973\u6027\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u800c\u6301\u7e8c\u5f15\u4ecb\u65b0\u6cd5\u3001\u5f37\u5316\u57f7\u6cd5\u3001\u63d0\u4f9b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u5e87\u8b77\u8207\u5f9e\u826f\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u90fd\u7522\u751f\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u6f5b\u5728\u6216\u5408\u683c\u7684\u300c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u300d\u4eba\u53e3\u3002\u5728\u5357\u97d3\uff0c\u300a\u8ce3\u6deb\u8207\u76f8\u95dc\u884c\u70ba\u4e4b\u61f2\u6cbb\u689d\u4f8b\u300b\uff08\u53c8\u540d\u61f2\u6cbb\u6cd5\uff0cthe Act on the Punishment of Procuring Prostitution and Associated Acts (or the Punishment Act)\uff09\u8207 \u300a\u8ce3\u6deb\u9632\u6cbb\u689d\u4f8b\u8207\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u4fdd\u8b77\u6cd5\u300b\uff08\u53c8\u540d\u4fdd\u8b77\u6cd5\uff0cthe Act on the Prevention of Prostitution and Protection of Victims Thereof (or the Protection Act)\uff09\u65bc2004\u5e743\u6708\u7531\u97d3\u570b\u570b\u6703\u901a\u904e\uff0c\u65b0\u6cd5\u6253\u8457\u300c\u7dad\u8b77\u8ce3\u6deb\u5973\u6027\u4eba\u6b0a\u300d\u7684\u65d7\u5e5f\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e861961\u5e74\u901a\u904e\u7684\u8ce3\u6deb\u9632\u6cbb\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f9e\u5357\u97d3\u8207\u7f8e\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u4ee5\u53ca\u97d3\u570b\u793e\u6703\u95dc\u6ce8\u76f8\u95dc\u8b70\u984c\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u5a67\u8207\u4eac\u654f\u9019\u985e\u5973\u6027\u662f\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u300d\u3002\u5f9e2004\u5e74\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u767c\u52d5\u7684\u5927\u8209\u6383\u8569\u518d\u5ea6\u80af\u5b9a\u4e86\u570b\u5bb6\u904f\u6b62\u300c\u4fb5\u72af\u5a66\u5973\u4eba\u6b0a\u300d\u3001\u6062\u5fa9\u793e\u6703\u9053\u5fb7\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u6c7a\u5fc3\u548c\u6295\u5165\u3002\u912d\u8a69\u9748\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u5982\u5a67\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u5973\u6027\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u77e5\u9053\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0d\u662f\u4f86\u4fdd\u8b77\u5979\u5011\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u9580\u8def\u6216\u8208\u8da3\u52a0\u5165\u90a3\u4e9b\u63d0\u4f9b\u7d66\u8ce3\u6deb\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u300c\u81ea\u7acb\u300d\u8a08\u5283\uff08Cheng 2011a\uff09\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5357\u97d3\u7684\u65b0\u6cd5\u8ddd\u96e2\u4fdd\u8b77\u5f9e\u5a3c\u5a66\u5973\u4eba\u6b0a\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u751a\u9060\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u5973\u4eba\uff0d\uff0d\u4f8b\u5982\u6c92\u6709\u8ca0\u50b5\u4f46\u9078\u64c7\u53d7\u96c7\u65bc\u5a3c\u9928\u6216\u6c99\u9f8d\u623f\u7684\u5973\u4eba\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u90a3\u4e9b\u7368\u7acb\u65bc\u5a3c\u9928\u81ea\u9ad4\u71df\u696d\u7684\u5973\u4eba\uff0c\u6216\u8457\u7d93\u71df\u5176\u4ed6\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u4f46\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u540c\u6642\u5f9e\u4e8b\u6027\u4ea4\u6613\u7684\u5973\u4eba\uff0d\uff0d\u5979\u5011\u90fd\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u7f6a\u72af\u3002\u65b0\u6cd5\u53ea\u70ba\u300c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u300d\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fdd\u8b77\uff0c\u53ea\u5f37\u5316\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u6c61\u540d\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u5c07\u4fdd\u8b77\u5a66\u5973\u4eba\u6b0a\u8f49\u8b6f\u6210\u300c\u7dad\u8b77\u5973\u6027\u8c9e\u64cd\u300d\uff08Cheng 2011a\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u6253\u64ca\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u5168\u7403\u7af6\u8cfd\u4e2d\uff0c\u65b0\u6cd5\u66ff\u5357\u97d3\u8d0f\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u4ee4\u4eba\u7a31\u7fa8\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5728\u7531\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u52d9\u9662\u516c\u4f48\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u5831\u544a\uff082001\uff09\u88e1\u5357\u97d3\u56e0\u70ba\u7121\u6cd5\u9054\u6210\u300c\u6253\u64ca\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u6700\u4f4e\u6a19\u6e96\u300d\u800c\u88ab\u8a55\u70ba\u300c\u7b2c\u4e09\u7b49\u300d\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f2002\u5e74\u8d77\u90fd\u88ab\u8a55\u70ba\u300c\u7b2c\u4e00\u7b49\u300d\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c2005\u5e74\u5357\u97d3\u9084\u88ab\u8209\u70ba\u300c\u6700\u4f73\u570b\u969b\u5be6\u8e10\u300d\uff0c2004\u5e74\u7684\u65b0\u6cd5\u5247\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u5168\u7403\u6253\u64ca\u5973\u6027\u8207\u5152\u7ae5\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5178\u7bc4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6642\u671f\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u5831\u5c0e\uff0c\u6307\u7a31\u97d3\u570b\u5973\u6027\u88ab\u8ca9\u904b\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\u6210\u70ba\u6027\u525d\u524a\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5df2\u7d93\u662f\u4e09\u6eab\u6696\u6216\u5a3c\u9928\u7684\u7d93\u71df\u8005\u4f46\u662f\u537b\u525d\u524a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u540c\u80de\u30022005\u5e74\u4ee5\u4f86\u767c\u751f\u904e\u5e7e\u6b21\u6210\u529f\u800c\u9ad8\u8abf\u7684\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\u6284\u67e5\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u9396\u5b9a\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u97d3\u7c4d\u4eba\u58eb\u7d93\u71df\u7684\u4e09\u6eab\u6696\u6216\u8207\u6309\u6469\u9662\uff0c\u6700\u70ba\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\u7684\u4fbf\u662f\u300c\u934d\u91d1\u7c60\u8a08\u5283\u300d\uff08Operation Gilded Cage\uff09\uff0c2005\u5e747\u6708\u5728\u820a\u91d1\u5c71\u6307\u8a8d\u4e86100\u4f4d\u97d3\u570b\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u902e\u6355\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u768427\u4eba\uff0c\u96a8\u5f8c\u4e5f\u5faa\u7dda\u5728\u9054\u62c9\u65af\u902e\u6355\u4e8642\u4f4d\u97d3\u88d4\u5973\u6027\uff08Gambacorta 2007\uff09\u30022006\u5e74\u806f\u90a6\u63a2\u54e1\u6284\u67e5\u4e86\u7f8e\u570b\u6771\u5cb8\u7d10\u7d04\u3001\u5df4\u723e\u7684\u6469\u3001\u5eb7\u4e43\u72c4\u514b\u5dde\u7684\u65b0\u54c8\u82ac\u3001\u83ef\u76db\u9813\u3001\u8207\u8cbb\u57ce\u7531\u97d3\u88d4\u4eba\u58eb\u7d93\u71df\u7684\u6309\u6469\u9662\uff0c\u653b\u5805\u4e8618\u500b\u6b64\u985e\u5834\u6240\uff0c\u902e\u635531\u4eba\uff0c\u670967\u97d3\u88d4\u5973\u6027\u88ab\u570d\u6355\u4ee5\u78ba\u8a8d\u5979\u5011\u662f\u5426\u70ba\u5f37\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\uff08Lengel 2006\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u80fd\u82df\u540c\u666e\u904d\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff08\u5982\u570b\u5bb6\u8207\u76f8\u95dc\u904b\u52d5\u8005\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u8a8d\u70ba\u5357\u97d3\u5973\u6027\u662f\u88ab\u570b\u969b\u4eba\u86c7\u96c6\u5718\u9a19\u53bb\u6216\u903c\u9032\u6027\u7522\u696d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8a8d\u70ba\uff08\u5982\u5a92\u9ad4\u6240\u5831\u5c0e\uff09\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u570b\u5167\u6383\u9ec3\u800c\u51fa\u570b\u5c0b\u6c42\u51fa\u8def\u3002\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u80a1\u79fb\u6c11\u6f6e\u548c\u76f8\u61c9\u800c\u8d77\u7684\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\u7126\u616e\u90fd\u662f\u6253\u9020\u5357\u97d3\u6210\u70ba\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u548c\u6548\u61c9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u8207\u97d3\u570b\u570b\u5bb6\u653f\u7b56\u5982\u4f55\u6307\u8a8d\u4e26\u628a\u5979\u5011\u7576\u6210\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u4f86\u4fdd\u8b77\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u5c0d\u6bd4\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u770b\u5230\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u8207\u570b\u5bb6\u63aa\u65bd\u5728\u6b64\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6642\u523b\u4ea4\u7e54\uff0d\uff0d\u5118\u7ba1\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u77db\u76fe<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7406\u89e3\u70ba\u500b\u9ad4\u8207\u570b\u5bb6\u4e4b\u9593\u7cfe\u7d50\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7d93\u6fdf\u6587\u5316\u95dc\u4fc2\u91cd\u7d44\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6b64\u4e00\u91cd\u7d44\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u6574\u7d44\u77db\u76fe\u4e2d\u5c55\u958b\u7684<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a>\u3002\u5927\u9ad4\u4e0a\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8aaa\u7684\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u5834\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u8207\u540c\u6642\u4e26\u884c\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u9000\u51fa\u793e\u6703\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u5b83\u9f13\u52f5\u5ee2\u9664\u7ba1\u5236\u3001\u79c1\u6709\u5316\u3001\u8207\u52de\u52d5\u5f48\u6027\u5316\u3002\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u570b\u5bb6\u66f4\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u8a8d\u5b9a\u5176\u6b0a\u529b\uff0c\u5c07\u53ef\u88ab\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u81ea\u6211\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u81ea\u4e3b\u81ea\u8db3\u3001\u6fc0\u52f5\u81ea\u6211\u524d\u9032\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u3001\u8868\u73fe\u3001\u8207\u6548\u679c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u9ede\u6709\u6975\u5927\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5206\u6790\u7684\u7bc4\u7587\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u7528\u8655\u6709\u9650\uff08Ong 2006\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u97d3\u570b\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\u8207\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u53bb\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u8da8\u52e2\u76f8\u53cd\uff08Brown 2006\uff09\uff1a\u7d93\u6b7740\u5e74\u8ecd\u4e8b\u8207\u9ad8\u58d3\u7d71\u6cbb\u5f8c\uff0c1990\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u671f\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6539\u9769\u5728\u97d3\u570b\u525b\u597d\u9047\u4e0a\u4e86\u6c11\u4e3b\u6539\u9769\u548c\u516c\u6c11\u793e\u6703\u7684\u8208\u8d77\uff0c1997\u5e74\uff0c\u91d1\u5927\u4e2d\uff08Kim Dae Jung\uff09\u5728\u91d1\u878d\u98a8\u66b4\u5230\u4f86\u4e4b\u524d\u6210\u70ba\u6c11\u9078\u7e3d\u7d71\uff0c\u5357\u97d3\u4e5f\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u570b\u969b\u8ca8\u5e63\u57fa\u91d1\u7d44\u7e54\u53f2\u7121\u524d\u4f8b\u7684550\u5104\u5de8\u984d\u8cb8\u6b3e\u63f4\u52a9\uff0c\u91d1\u5927\u4e2d\u7e3d\u7d71\u5247\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u4eba\u6b0a\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u4ee5\u53ca\u6027\u5225\u5e73\u7b49\u90e8\uff08National Human Rights Commission and the Ministry of Gender Equality\uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u652f\u6301\u5927\u91cf\u516c\u6c11\u7d44\u7e54\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u653f\u7b56\u4e5f\u91cd\u6574\u4e86\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b49\u589e\u52a0\u5f48\u6027\u7684\u96c7\u50ad\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5de5\u6703\u56e0\u800c\u524a\u5f31\uff0c\u4ee5\u5de5\u4ee3\u8cd1\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u88ab\u5f37\u5316\uff0c\u903c\u5f97\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u56e0\u70ba\u5931\u696d\u6216\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u5c31\u696d\u800c\u9032\u5165\u62db\u4e0d\u4fdd\u5915\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08Song 2009\uff09\u3002\u5a67\u8207\u4eac\u654f\u6240\u7d93\u6b77\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u53ca\u5176\u5be6\u969b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e5f\u66b4\u9732\u51fa\u5357\u97d3\u8108\u7d61\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u77db\u76fe\u8207\u6096\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u77db\u76fe\u4e00\uff1a\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u975e\uff0f\u9053\u5fb7<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4eac\u654f\u5728\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5e02\u90ca\u8207\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u6069\u5bb9\u76f8\u9047\u6642\u5e74\u8fd130\uff0c\u5979\u672c\u4f86\u53d7\u904e\u6559\u5e2b\u8a13\u7df4\uff0c\u7562\u696d\u5f8c\u537b\u7121\u6cd5\u8993\u5f97\u6559\u8077\uff0c\u8b80\u5927\u5b78\u6642\u66fe\u5728\u6691\u5047\u4ee5\u65c5\u884c\u7c3d\u8b49\u8a2a\u7f8e\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u4e00\u540d\u53cb\u4eba\u4ecb\u7d39\u5979\u53bb\u6c99\u9f8d\u623f\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e861\u500b\u6708\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u300c\u9817\u4eab\u53d7\u90a3\u6b21\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u300d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u518d\u6b21\u8a2a\u7f8e\u6642\u4eac\u654f\u53c8\u53bb\u90a3\u5152\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e862\u5468\uff0c\u6709\u5929\u9084\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u540d\u5ba2\u4eba\u7d66\u4e86\u59791\u842c\u5143\u7f8e\u91d1\u4f5c\u70ba\u5b78\u8cbb\u3002\u4eac\u654f\u56de\u5230\u97d3\u570b\u4e4b\u5f8c\u9084\u4fdd\u6301\u806f\u7e6b\uff0c\u7562\u696d\u5f8c\uff0c\u4eac\u654f\u5728\u7d10\u7d04\u5f85\u4e863\u500b\u6708\uff0c\u5728\u4e9e\u7279\u862d\u5927\u5f85\u4e861\u500b\u6708\uff0c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u9ad8\uff0c\u4eac\u654f\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u6709\u8ca0\u50b5\u3002\u4f46\u5ba4\u4e0b\u6b21\u5979\u60f3\u8981\u518d\u56de\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\u5f85\u4e45\u4e00\u9ede\u6642\u6c92\u88ab\u5141\u8a31\u5165\u5883\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u592a\u983b\u7e41\u7684\u8a2a\u7f8e\u62db\u7591\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u5979\u8acb\u4e86\u4ef2\u4ecb\u5e6b\u5fd9\u9032\u5165\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u5979\u806f\u7e6b\u7684\u6c99\u9f8d\u623f\u70ba\u5979\u9810\u4ed8\u4e8614,000\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u4ef2\u4ecb\u8cbb\u3002\u5f9e\u90a3\u6b21\u8d77\uff0c\u4eac\u654f\u958b\u59cb\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u5883\u5167\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u9ede\u7684\u97d3\u5f0f\u6c99\u9f8d\u623f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8a2a\u554f\u524d\uff0c\u4eac\u654f\u65e9\u5df2\u4ed8\u6e05\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7a4d\u6b20\u7684\u50b5\u52d9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u4ecd\u5728\u6c99\u9f8d\u623f\u88e1\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0d\u50cf\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u50b5\u52d9\u800c\u7559\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u884c\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4eac\u654f\u4e5f\u6f84\u6e05\uff0c\u5979\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u662f\u7279\u4f8b\uff0c\u5979\u8a8d\u8b58\u5f88\u591a\u5973\u4eba\u8eab\u8ca0\u5de8\u984d\u50b5\u52d9\u3001\u6c88\u8ff7\u6bd2\u54c1\u3001\u6216\u56e0\u5de5\u4f5c\u800c\u75c5\u3002\u300c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u8aaa\u6211\u5275\u4e0b\u4e86\u5feb\u901f\u511f\u9084\u50b5\u52d9\u7684\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u5047\u5ba2\u4eba\u4e4b\u624b\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6536\u5165\u3002\u300d\u4eac\u654f\u8207\u773e\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u5728\u9019\u500b\u884c\u696d\u88e1\u5f88\u8070\u660e\u4e5f\u5f88\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5979\u672c\u4f86\u6253\u7b97\u5b58\u5920\u4e86\u9322\u5c31\u56de\u97d3\u570b\uff0c\u4f46\u73fe\u5728\u5df2\u6539\u8b8a\u5fc3\u610f\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u5408\u6cd5\u5c45\u7559\u4e26\u958b\u59cb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e8b\u696d\u3002\u900f\u904e\u5979\u7537\u53cb\u6240\u50f1\u7528\u7684\u4ef2\u4ecb\uff0c\u4eac\u654f\u62ff\u5230\u4e86\u99d5\u7167\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u79fb\u52d5\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6c99\u9f8d\u623f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5973\u6027\u5f80\u5f80\u81ea\u6211\u5275\u696d\uff0c\u81ea\u6211\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u300c\uacf5\uc0ac\uce58\ub2e4\u300d\u4e00\u8a5e\u4f86\u63cf\u7e6a\uff0c\u6b64\u8a5e\u5e38\u70ba\u97d3\u7c4d\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u6240\u7528\uff0c\u610f\u6307\u300c\u5275\u5efa\u8a08\u5283\u300d\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u9019\u985e\u8a08\u5283\u78ba\u4fdd\u4e86\u9867\u5ba2\u56de\u982d\uff0c\u4e5f\u8b93\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u85c9\u7531\u6f14\u51fa\u89aa\u5bc6\u4e5f\u6f14\u51fa\u88ab\u653e\u9010\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u843d\u9b44\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5f9e\u5e38\u5ba2\u8eab\u4e0a\u8cfa\u53d6\u6bd4\u6a19\u6e96\u6536\u8cbb\u9084\u9ad8\u7684\u91d1\u984d\u3002\u4eac\u654f\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u300c\u6211\u5abd\u751f\u75c5\uff0c\u6211\u59b9\u751f\u75c5\uff0c\u6211\u8981\u5bc4\u9322\u56de\u5bb6\uff0c\u6211\u771f\u7684\u4e0d\u9858\u610f\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u5730\u65b9\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u6703\u559d\u9152\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u809d\u529f\u80fd\u5df2\u7d93\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5f88\u9700\u8981\u52aa\u529b\u5de5\u4f5c\u624d\u80fd\u5bc4\u9322\u56de\u5bb6\u300d\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u596e\u529b\u5730\u54ed\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u5730\u559d\u3002\uff08\u7576\u9019\u500b\u9867\u5ba2\u8b8a\u6210\u5e38\u5ba2\u5f8c\uff09\u4f60\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ddf\u4ed6\u4e0a\u5e8a\uff0c\u544a\u8a34\u4ed6\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u7b46\u9322\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u5275\u5efa\u8a08\u5283\u300d\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u6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oeconomicus\uff09\u6982\u5ff5\u5973\u6027\u5316\uff0d\uff0d\u300c\u4ee5\uff08\u5979\uff09\u81ea\u5df1\u4f86\u5275\u696d\u7684\u5be6\u696d\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ee5\uff08\u5979\uff09\u81ea\u5df1\u4f5c\u70ba\u8cc7\u672c\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\uff08\u5979\uff09\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u88fd\u9020\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f5c\u70ba\uff08\u5979\uff09\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6536\u5165\u4f86\u6e90\u3002\u300d\uff08Foucault 2008, 226\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u540d\u6253\u9020\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u81ea\u71df\u8005\uff0c\u4eac\u654f\u53ef\u8aaa\u662f\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6a21\u7bc4\u4e3b\u9ad4\uff0d\uff0d\u5979\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u6c99\u9f8d\u623f\u88e1\u5c55\u6f14\u7684\u6027\u8207\u89aa\u5bc6\u52de\u52d5\u3002\u5979\u5f37\u8abf\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\uff0c\u5c07\u81ea\u6211\u8a8d\u540c\u70ba\u300c\ud654\ub958\uacc4\uc694\uc778\u300d\uff08\u5973\u85dd\u4eba\uff0c\u5927\u7d04\u7b49\u540c\u65bc\u300c\u5973\u516c\u95dc\u300d\uff09\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8077\u696d\u611f\u5230\u7f9e\u6127\uff0c\u5979\u8aaa\u5982\u679c\u5ba2\u4eba\u8868\u73fe\u7c97\u66b4\uff0c\u5979\u6703\u5be7\u53ef\u653e\u68c4\u5c0f\u8cbb\u96e2\u958b\u623f\u9593\u3002\u4eac\u654f\u8aaa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5834\u6240\u662f\u300c\u5922\u5e7b\u5718\u968a\u300d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5168\u9ad4\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u6703\u5408\u529b\u5439\u6367\u9867\u5ba2\u6d88\u8cbb\u9152\u985e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u6703\u4fdd\u8b77\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\uff0c\u6084\u6084\u5730\u5c07\u9152\u5410\u9032\u5564\u9152\u74f6\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5012\u9032\u51b0\u6876\uff0c\u8b93\u670d\u52d9\u751f\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u6536\u8d70\uff0c\u4e0d\u7559\u75d5\u8de1\u3002\u4eac\u654f\u4e3b\u5f35\u81ea\u6211\u7a4d\u6975\u9032\u53d6\u7684\u5fc3\u614b\uff0c\u8207\u5176\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u5de5\u4f5c\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u638c\u63e1\u5ea6\uff0c\u90fd\u986f\u793a\u5979\u62b5\u6297\u4e86\u570d\u7e5e\u6c99\u9f8d\u623f\u5de5\u4f5c\u5973\u6027\u7684\u7f9e\u6065\u8207\u6c61\u540d\uff1b\u5979\u62d2\u7d55\u88ab\u8207\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u7f9e\u6065\u6cbb\u7406\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7528\u5979\u7684\u300c\u5275\u5efa\u8a08\u5283\u300d\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c99\u9f8d\u623f\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u9ad8\u6536\u5165\u4f5c\u70ba\u5979\uff08\u4f5c\u70ba\u6709\u7af6\u722d\u529b\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u9032\u53d6\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e3b\u9ad4\uff09\u6210\u529f\u7684\u660e\u8b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eac\u654f\u7684\u6558\u8ff0\u5c55\u73fe\u4e86\u5979\u6240\u7cfe\u7e8f\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6709\u5176\u77db\u76fe\uff1a\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u986f\u7136\u975e\u9053\u5fb7\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u537b\u52a9\u9577\u4e86\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u8b70\u7a0b\u3002\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5118\u7ba1\u660e\u986f\u5c0d\u500b\u4eba\u7d2f\u7a4d\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u554f\u984c\u6c92\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u7d55\u975e\u4e0d\u505a\u9053\u5fb7\u5224\u65b7\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u540cWendy Brown\u8aaa\u7684\uff1a\u300c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7528\u4f86\u9054\u6210\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u9f13\u52f5\u5b88\u6cd5\u884c\u70ba\u6216\u4fdd\u8b77\u50b3\u7d71\u5bb6\u5ead\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u53e6\u65b9\u9762\u5b83\u4e5f\u628a\u4e3b\u9ad4\u63cf\u7e6a\u6210\u81ea\u71df\u8005\uff0c\u4e26\u63a8\u5ee3\u5408\u4e4e\u5e38\u898f\u7684\u5275\u696d\u8005\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u300d\u7136\u800c\u9019\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7\u89c0\u8207\u9053\u5fb7\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u5efa\u69cb\u63a1\u53d6\u4e86\u300c\u975e\u9053\u5fb7\u300d\u7684\u6a23\u8c8c\uff0c\u5b83\u300c\u64c1\u62b1\u5fb9\u5e95\u5de5\u5177\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u8207\u50b3\u7d71\u9053\u5fb7\u8ad6\u8ff0\u4fdd\u6301\u8ddd\u96e2\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u90fd\u80af\u5b9a\u5e02\u5834\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u7d55\u4e0d\u7ba1\u9019\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u6703\u88ab\u7528\u4f86\u4fc3\u6210\u4f55\u7a2e\u76ee\u7684\u300d\uff08Brown 2006, 711 fn5\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u63a1\u7528\u5e02\u5834\u539f\u5247\u4f86\u91cd\u7d44\u570b\u5bb6\u4e3b\u6b0a\u8207\u516c\u6c11\u8eab\u4efd\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u50c5\u91cd\u65b0\u7d44\u7e54\u4e86\u7d93\u6fdf\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u8207\u6587\u5316\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u5c07\u516c\u6c11\u4e3b\u9ad4\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u81ea\u71df\u5bb6\u548c\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u3002\u5357\u97d3\u653f\u5e9c\u8207\u793e\u6703\u5f9e1990\u5e74\u4ee3\u5c31\u8072\u7a31\u81ea\u5df1\u70ba\u300c\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u300d\uff1a\u6d88\u8cbb\u3001\u751f\u7522\u3001\u65c5\u904a\u3001\u8207\u79fb\u5de5\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u9019\u7a2e\u4e16\u754c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8eab\u5206\u80cc\u66f8\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u6709\u95dc\u4eba\u985e\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u56e0\u6b64\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u500b\u4eba\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u8cac\u4efb\u3001\u98a8\u683c\u3001\u8207\u6d88\u8cbb\u4f5c\u70ba\u6210\u529f\u7684\u8868\u5fb5\u3002Nancy Abelmann\u3001So Jin Park\u8207Hyunhee Kim (2009)\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u65b0\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u6982\u5ff5\u6a21\u7cca\u4e86\u5357\u97d3\u9010\u6f38\u589e\u9577\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u5b78\u8005\u4e5f\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u65b0\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\u5728\u6027\u5225\u4e0a\u6709\u4e0d\u826f\u5f71\u97ff\uff1a\u5973\u6027\u900f\u904e\u6d88\u8cbb\u884c\u70ba\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6574\u5f62\u624b\u8853\uff09\u8ffd\u6c42\u7f8e\u9e97\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u6df1\u5316\u4e86\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\u7684\u5206\u88c2\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u4e0d\u4f46\u8981\u505a\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u7368\u7acb\u3001\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u505a\u53ef\u656c\u7684\u3001\u5df2\u5a5a\u7684\u3001\u4f46\u662f\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\uff08Cho 2009\uff09\u3002\u540c\u6a23\u7684\uff0c\u55ae\u8eab\u5973\u6027\u5728\u623f\u5c4b\u5e02\u5834\u4e2d\u5c0d\u6297\u7570\u6027\u6200\u5e38\u898f\u3001\u722d\u53d6\u7368\u7acb\u5c45\u4f4f\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u7121\u610f\u9593\u4e5f\u5f37\u5316\u4e86\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u52de\u529b\u5e02\u5834\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u81ea\u6211\uff08Song 2010\uff09\u3002\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8108\u7d61\u4e0b\uff0c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u751f\u7522\u4e86\u4e00\u7d44\u65b0\u7684\u300c\u617e\u671b\u4e3b\u9ad4\u300d\uff08Rofel 2007\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u4e3b\u9ad4\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u3001\u81ea\u8db3\u7684\u3001\u7518\u5192\u98a8\u96aa\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u6b62\u5883\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7576\u5e02\u5834\u7af6\u722d\u88ab\u7406\u60f3\u5316\uff0c\u505a\u70ba\u63a8\u52d5\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u5f15\u64ce\u6642\uff0c\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u7684\u7af6\u722d\u958b\u59cb\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u52de\u529b\u5e02\u5834\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u7522\u696d\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u4ee3\u5b55\uff09\uff0c\u70ba\u7279\u5b9a\u7fa4\u9ad4\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u79fb\u6c11\u8005\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u67d0\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u6b0a\u5229\u8207\u798f\u5229\uff09\u8a2d\u5b9a\u9650\u5236\u3002\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u7af6\u722d\u529b\u8207\u96c6\u9ad4\u798f\u5229\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u9762\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u63a8\u9032\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u8b70\u7a0b\u3002\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u516c\u6c11\u4e3b\u9ad4\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u617e\u671b\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u8ffd\u6c42\u5404\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u81ea\u71df\uff0f\u6d88\u8cbb\u9078\u64c7\uff08Comaroff and Comaroff 2001; Rofel 2007\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u9069\u5207\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u8207\u617e\u671b\u5247\u88ab\u76e3\u7ba1\u5de1\u908f\uff0c\u751f\u7522\u51fa\u6709\u7b49\u6b21\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u8eab\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8f49\u8b8a\u4e5f\u53cd\u6620\u5728\u5357\u97d3\u7684\u8ce3\u6deb\u653f\u7b56\u88e1\u30022004\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u6839\u64da1961\u5e74\u7684\u300a\u6557\u5fb7\u884c\u70ba\u9632\u6cbb\u6cd5\u300b\uff08Act to Prevent Immoral Behavior\uff09\uff0c\u8cb7\u8ce3\u6027\u7684\u5973\u6027\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u300c\u6dea\u843d\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u300d\uff08\uc728\ub77c\ucfc4\uc1a1\uff09\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u9053\u5fb7\u6dea\u55aa\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u6210\u70ba\u5de1\u908f\u548c\u61f2\u7f70\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u300c\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u8b77\u7684\u5973\u6027\u300d\uff08\u315b\ubcf4\ud638\u315b\uc190\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u9001\u5f80\u4fdd\u8b77\u6a5f\u95dc1\u5e74\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4ee5\u76e3\u7981\u4f5c\u70ba\u300c\u4fdd\u8b77\u300d\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u4fdd\u8b77\u6a5f\u95dc\u5c0d\u5176\u5c45\u6c11\u662f\u51fa\u4e86\u540d\u7684\u6b98\u9177\u8207\u4e0d\u4eba\u9053\uff0c\u76f4\u81f31990\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u671f\uff08Moon, 1997; Won 2010\uff09\u3002Won Mihae\u4e5f\u767c\u73fe\u62d8\u7559\u4e2d\u5fc3\u66fe\u5b89\u6392\u88ab\u62d8\u7559\u8005\u8207\u6b98\u969c\u7537\u58eb\u7d50\u5a5a\uff1b\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u62d8\u7559\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u570d\u5835\u9019\u4e9b\u300c\u6dea\u843d\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u300d\uff0c\u4e0d\u8b93\u5979\u5011\u9032\u5165\u793e\u6703\u6216\u8005\u628a\u5979\u5011\u9650\u5236\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead\u5834\u57df\u88e1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u624d\u6703\u628a\u5979\u5011\u8207\u540c\u6a23\u4e5f\u662f\u793e\u6703\u798f\u5229\u4e0d\u8db3\u3001\u7f3a\u4e4f\u570b\u5bb6\u7167\u8b77\u7684\u908a\u7de3\u7537\u6027\u914d\u5c0d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2004\u5e74\u7684\u65b0\u6cd5\u5c07\u300c\u6dea\u843d\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u300d\u66f4\u540d\u70ba\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0f\u88ab\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\u5973\u6027\u300d\uff0c\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u5f9e\u4e00\u500b\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u8f49\u5411\u4eba\u6b0a\u7684\u7406\u6027\u8ad6\u8ff0\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u4fdd\u8b77\u8ce3\u6deb\u5973\u6027\u7684\u300c\u4eba\u6b0a\u300d\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u652f\u6301\u5973\u6027NGO\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u300c\u88ab\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\u5973\u6027\u300d\u63a5\u53d7\u6b63\u898f\u6559\u80b2\uff08\u591a\u70ba\u5e74\u8f15\u5973\u6027\uff09\u6216\u6280\u8077\u8a13\u7df4\uff0c\u5982\u6253\u6383\u3001\u70f9\u98ea\u3001\u99d5\u99db\u3001\u8207\u7f8e\u9aee\u7b49\u3002\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u8b93\u5979\u5011\u8b8a\u6210\u300c\u81ea\u7acb\u300d\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u968e\u7d1a\uff0c\u9060\u96e2\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5236\u5ea6\u5c07\u300c\u88ab\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\u5973\u6027\u300d\u8996\u70ba\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u800c\u975e\u7f6a\u72af\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5979\u5011\u6a5f\u6703\u8b8a\u6210\u300c\u8173\u8e0f\u5be6\u5730\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u8005\u300d\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u4f9d\u8cf4\u570b\u5bb6\uff08\u7684\u62d8\u7559\u6216\u798f\u5229\uff09<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u300c\u81ea\u7acb\u300d\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u6027\u5225\u8207\u968e\u7d1a\u5047\u8a2d\u4e5f\u4f7f\u9019\u4e9b\u8a13\u7df4\u8a08\u5283\u5c0d\u65bc\u50cf\u4eac\u654f\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u53d7\u904e\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u4e14\u61f7\u6709\u6649\u8eab\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u617e\u671b\u7684\u5973\u6027\u6beb\u7121\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u53ea\u6703\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5931\u696d\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u5c31\u696d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b77\u300c\u5973\u6027\u4eba\u6b0a\u300d\u4e5f\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u503c\u5f97\u300d\u8207\u300c\u4e0d\u503c\u300d\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\u968e\u5e8f\u3002\u300c\u503c\u5f97\u7684\u300d\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u7d14\u6f54\u4f46\u88ab\u903c\u70ba\u5a3c\u7684\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u5011\u9084\u9858\u610f\u91cd\u56de\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u6027\u5225\u89d2\u8272\u8207\u5bb6\u5ead\u79e9\u5e8f\uff1b\u300c\u4e0d\u503c\u5f97\u7684\u300d\u5247\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u81ea\u9858\u51fa\u8ce3\u8089\u9ad4\u56e0\u6b64\u7406\u7576\u627f\u53d7\u61f2\u7f70\u7684\u5973\u6027\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u968e\u5e8f\u547c\u61c9\u4e86Jesook 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1999\uff09\u3002\u7576\u90a3\u4e9b\u6e34\u671b\u5feb\u901f\u81f4\u5bcc\u7684\u4eba\u958b\u59cb\u805a\u7126\u6295\u6a5f\u5f0f\u7684\u7a4d\u7d2f\u3001\u98a8\u96aa\u8cc7\u672c\u3001\u8207\u91d1\u878d\u6295\u8cc7\u6642\uff08Comaroff and Comaroff 2001\uff09\uff0c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5168\u7403\u5316\u548c\u300c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u300d\u90fd\u5c0d\u500b\u5225\u52de\u52d5\u8005\u5f62\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u4ed6\u5011\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9808\u6709\u80fd\u529b\uff08\u6709\u9700\u8981\uff09\u627f\u64d4\u98a8\u96aa\uff08Harvey 2005; Sassen 2003\uff09\u3002\u7576\u627f\u64d4\u98a8\u96aa\u7684\u502b\u7406\u88ab\u63d0\u5021\u6642\uff0c\u8ca7\u7aae\u3001\u60a3\u75c5\u8207\u5931\u696d\u7684\u793e\u6703\u98a8\u96aa\u5c31\u8b8a\u6210\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u8ca0\u64d4\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u5f9e\u793e\u6703\u5834\u57df\u9000\u7e2e\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u8457\u570b\u5bb6\u5c31\u6b64\u5f31\u5316\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\uff0c\u85c9\u8457\u8a34\u6c42\u570b\u5bb6\u5371\u6a5f\u8207\u793e\u6703\u5371\u6a5f\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u908a\u5883\u7ba1\u5236\u548c\u7f6a\u884c\u5316\u4f86\u6b63\u7576\u5316\u5176\u5e72\u9810\u8207\u64f4\u6b0a\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u5011\u5728\u5357\u97d3\u53cd\u8ce3\u6deb\u7acb\u6cd5\u88e1\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5927\u5e45\u6210\u9577\uff08Brunovskis and Surtees 2008; Chapkis 2003; Kempadoo et al. 2005; Sharma 2005; Soderlund 2005; Sudbury 2005; Tambe 2005\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5a67\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u8207\u97d3\u570b\u53cd\u8986\u906d\u9047\u57f7\u6cd5\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u80cc\u666f\u5c31\u662f\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e4b\u4e0b\u64f4\u5f35\u7684\u76e3\u7344\u570b\u5bb6<a href=\"#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[ii]<\/a>\u3002Kamala Kempadoo\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\uff0c\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u8ad6\u8ff0\u300c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5f8c\u5de5\u696d\u5340\u57df\u8207\u5357\u534a\u7403\u5973\u6027\u7684\u7f6a\u72af\u5316\u9023\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4e5f\u4fc3\u6210\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u7684\u79fb\u52d5\u3001\u8eab\u9ad4\u3001\u8207\u6027\u9032\u884c\u76e3\u7ba1\u63a7\u5236\u300d\uff082007, 35\uff09\u3002Bernstein\uff082012\uff09\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u5a66\u5973\u904b\u52d5\u5728\u6b64\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u6975\u70ba\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5979\u5275\u4e86\u300c\u76e3\u7344\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d\uff08carceral feminism\uff09\u4e00\u8a5e\u4f86\u8868\u8ff0\u6b64\u4e00\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u97d3\u570b\u7684\u5a66\u5973\u904b\u52d5\u4e5f\u540c\u6a23\u50ac\u751f\u4e862004\u5e74\u7684\u65b0\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u5e7e\u5e74\u88e1\uff0c\u5a66\u5973\u904b\u52d5\u5c0d\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u8a55\u4f30\u5e7e\u4e4e\u90fd\u6703\u5305\u542b\u8981\u6c42\u56b4\u5cfb\u57f7\u6cd5\u6d88\u6ec5\u8ce3\u6deb\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u5805\u6301\u8981\u7528\u5211\u6cd5\u8655\u7406\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u7d50\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u64f4\u5927\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u61f2\u7f70\u529b\u3002\u5979\u5011\u4e0d\u4f46\u4e0d\u6311\u6230\u4e0d\u65b7\u5feb\u901f\u52a0\u5927\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u5c0d\u5973\u6027\u7684\u7279\u5225\u885d\u64ca\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u9ad8\u8209\u300c\u5bb6\u5ead\u50f9\u503c\u300d\u4f86\u586b\u88dc\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u4f01\u696d\u8cc7\u672c\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u500b\u4eba\u8cac\u4efb\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u570b\u5bb6\u7fa9\u52d9\uff0c\u88ab\u7528\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u8af8\u5982\u8ca7\u7aae\u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u4e0d\u5e78\u5883\u9047\uff1b\u5211\u4e8b\u53f8\u6cd5\u7cfb\u7d71\u5247\u7a4d\u6975\u4ecb\u5165\u4ee5\u6383\u9664\u793e\u6703\u6df7\u4e82\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u653e\u7e31\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53cd\u8ce3\u6deb\u6cd5\u4e5f\u4fc3\u6210\u4e86\u300c\u5f37\u5316\u908a\u5883\u300d\u7684\u6709\u529b\u5be6\u65bd\uff08Pickering and Weber 2013, 106\uff09\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u516c\u6c11\u5718\u9ad4\u5f80\u5f80\u8a34\u6c42\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5974\u5f79\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u4e0d\u65b7\u91cd\u7533\u300c\u73fe\u4ee3\u5974\u5f79\u300d\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5fc5\u9808\u5fb9\u5e95\u6d88\u6ec5\u3002\u6a19\u5b9a\u7528\u4f86\u6253\u64ca\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u6d41\u5f80\u908a\u5883\u7ba1\u5236\u3001\u6383\u8569\u8ce3\u6deb\u3001\u978f\u56fa\u5b89\u5168\u570b\u5bb6\u3001\u8207\u5f37\u5316\u5c0d\u6d41\u52d5\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u76e3\u7ba1\uff08Bernstein 2010; Brennan 2008; Chapkis 2003; Chuang 2010; Sharma 2009\uff09\u3002\u97d3\u570b\u4e5f\u540c\u6a23\uff1a\u5f37\u8abf\u8b66\u529b\u76e3\u7ba1\uff0c\u52dd\u904e\u798f\u5229\u9810\u7b97\u3002\u57282004\u5e74\u6cd5\u6848\u901a\u904e\u5f8c\uff0c\u97d3\u570b\u8b66\u653f\u7f72\uff08National Police Agency\uff09\u5efa\u7acb\u4e863\u500b\u65b0\u5206\u652f<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a>\uff0c\u4e26\u589e\u52a0\u4e8620,000\u540d\u8b66\u529b\u53c3\u8207\u6253\u64ca\u8ce3\u6deb\u548c\u5c0b\u627e\u5931\u8e64\u5152\u7ae5\uff08Seoul Daily June 4, 2004\uff09\u30022005\u5e74\uff0c\u8b66\u529b\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u82b1\u8cbb\u8d85\u652f\u4e86110\u5104\u97d3\u5143\uff08\u539f\u9810\u7b97\u768450%\uff09<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a>\uff0c\u800c\u70ba\u300c\u88ab\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\u5973\u6027\u300d\u6240\u8a2d\u7acb\u7684\u798f\u5229\u652f\u6301\u7cfb\u7d71\u589e\u52a0\u4e8624\u51044\u53431\u767e\u842c\u97d3\u5143\uff08\u5f9e2004\u5e74\u768438\u51049\u53439\u767e\u842c\u52302005\u5e74\u768463\u51044\u5343\u842c\uff09\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c2005\u5e74\u8b66\u529b\u90e8\u7f72\u591a\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u82b1\u8cbb5\u500d\u65bc\u70ba\u300c\u88ab\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\u5973\u6027\u300d\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u798f\u5229\u670d\u52d9\uff08Women\u2019s Development Fund 2006, 6\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5357\u97d3\uff0c\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u6cd5\u5f37\u5316\u8ce3\u6deb\u70ba\u300c\u5916\u4f86\u4e4b\u60e1\u300d\u7684\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u78ba\u4fdd\u4e86\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\u908a\u5883\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u97d3\u570b\u5a66\u5973\u904b\u52d5\u8005\u8207\u5b78\u8005\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u6709\u5171\u8b58\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u8ce3\u6deb\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u97d3\u570b\u672c\u571f\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7522\u7269\uff0c\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u9084\u628a\u8ce3\u6deb\u63cf\u7e6a\u6210\u8ecd\u4e8b\u4fb5\u7565\u8207\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7236\u6b0a\u7684\u7522\u7269\uff1a\u5f9e\u65e5\u672c\u6b96\u6c11\u6642\u671f\u958b\u59cb\uff081910\u20131945\uff09\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u662f1945\u5e74\u4ee5\u4f86\u7684\u7f8e\u8ecd\u4f54\u9818\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u5e1d\u570b\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff081960-1970\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684<em>Kisaeng<\/em>\u89c0\u5149\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u8fd1\u897f\u65b9\u6027\u614b\u5ea6\u8207\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5316\u5165\u4fb5\uff08Cho 2004, 2005; ref. Cheng 2010a\uff09\u3002\u5b78\u8005\u8aaa\u81ea\u9858\u5f9e\u5a3c\u4e0d\u662f\u97d3\u570b\u5973\u6027\u6703\u505a\u7684\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u97d3\u570b\u5973\u6027\u4e0d\u50cf\u897f\u65b9\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u662f\u88ab\u793e\u6703\u7d93\u6fdf\u72c0\u6cc1\u6240\u903c\u624d\u5f9e\u4e8b\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9019\u4e9b\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u300d\u4e5f\u662f\u5e36\u4f86\u7d93\u6fdf\u82e6\u679c\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff081997\u5e74\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5371\u6a5f\u5728\u97d3\u570b\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u570b\u969b\u8ca8\u5e63\u57fa\u91d1\u7d44\u7e54\u5371\u6a5f\u300d\uff09\u3002\u5a3c\u5993\u5728\u6b64\u4e0d\u4f46\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5973\u6027\u5728\u97d3\u570b\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u58d3\u8feb\uff0c\u4e5f\u8c61\u5fb5\u4e86\u570b\u5bb6\u88ab\u4fb5\u7565\u3002\u6383\u8569\u5a3c\u5993\u56e0\u6b64\u5c0d\u6062\u5fa9\u570b\u5bb6\u81ea\u4e3b\u8207\u6062\u5fa9\u7aef\u838a\u5973\u5fb7\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5a3c\u5993\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u8b8a\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u4fee\u8fad\u4f86\u65a1\u65cb\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\u908a\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u300c\u88ab\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\u5973\u6027\u300d\u56e0\u70ba\u5973\u6027\u6c23\u8cea\u88ab\u8e10\u8e0f\u800c\u55aa\u5931\u4e86\u516c\u6c11\u6b0a\uff08Cheng 2011b\uff09\u3002\u6309Bridget Anderson\u6240\u8aaa\uff0c\u88ab\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\u5973\u6027\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u570b\u5167\u751f\u7522\u300c\u6211\u5011\u8207\u4ed6\u5011\u300d\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u9d3b\u6e9d\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u300c\u793e\u7fa4\u5171\u8b58\u50f9\u503c\u300d\uff082013, 2\uff09\u3002\u5f9e\u4e8b\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5973\u6027\u9055\u53cd\u4e86\u8c9e\u6f54\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee5\u300c\u5931\u6557\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u300d\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\uff08the Failed Citizen\uff09\uff08Anderson 2013, 4\uff09\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u53ea\u80fd\u900f\u904e\u300c\u81ea\u7acb\u81ea\u8db3\u300d\u7684\u8a13\u7df4\u4f86\u7372\u5f97\u6280\u8853\u3001\u6b63\u78ba\u50f9\u503c\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u793e\u7fa4\u6b78\u5c6c\u3002\u88ab\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u5973\u6027\u53ca\u5176\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\u5c0d\u7167\u7d44\uff0d\uff0d\uff08\u81ea\u9858\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\uff09\u5a3c\u5993\uff0d\uff0d\u56e0\u6b64\u6709\u8457\u76e3\u7ba1\u300c\u570b\u5167\u908a\u5883\u300d\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff08Pickering and Weber, 2013, 93\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u77db\u76fe\u4e09\uff1a\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u975e\uff0f\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5c31\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u8a2a\u554f\u7684\u5c3e\u8072\uff0c\u4eac\u654f\u4e3b\u52d5\u8981\u6c42\u8aaa\u8aaa\u5979\u5c0d\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u5c0d\u8abf\u67e5\u554f\u5377\u4e2d\u5148\u5165\u70ba\u4e3b\u7684\u5f37\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\u5047\u8a2d\u611f\u5230\u5f88\u4e0d\u8212\u670d\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u96fb\u8996\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\uff3b\u6027\uff3d\u8ca9\u904b\u5831\u5c0e\u90fd\u592a\u8a87\u5f35\u4e86\u3002\u300c\u5973\u6027\u88ab\u6355\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u88ab\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\u807d\u8d77\u4f86\u6bd4\u8f03\u6709\u717d\u52d5\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f60\u77e5\u90532005\u5e74\u90a3\u4e9b\u3014\u56e0\u934d\u91d1\u7c60\u8a08\u5283\u3015\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u88ab\u6355\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u5f8c\u4f86\u600e\u9ebc\u4e86\u55ce\uff1f\u5979\u5011\u4ed8\u4e861700\u7f8e\u5143<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a>\u7f70\u6b3e\u5f8c\u90fd\u81ea\u7531\u4e86\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u88ab\u9063\u9001\uff0c\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u56de\u97d3\u570b\u22ef\u22ef\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u662f\u4f86\u7f8e\u570b\u8cfa\u9322\u7684\uff0c\u5fc3\u4e2d\u60f3\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u53ea\u8981\u52aa\u529b\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e00\u6574\u5e74\uff0c\u8cfa\u5230\u4e86\u9322\u5c31\u56de\u5bb6\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u8eab\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e00\u7dda\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\u8005\uff0c\u4eac\u654f\u9ede\u51fa\u4e0d\u50c5\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u8ce3\u8207\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u5831\u5c0e\u592a\u904e\u8073\u52d5\uff0c\u50cf\u300c\u934d\u91d1\u7c60\u884c\u52d5\u300d\u90a3\u6a23\u7684\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u57f7\u6cd5\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u9b27\u5287\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5e72\u72af\u53f8\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u6d88\u8cbb\u908a\u7de3\u5973\u6027\u4f86\u4f5c\u79c0\u3002\u5c0d\u4eac\u654f\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u50cf\u5979\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5973\u6027\u79fb\u5de5\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u662f\u62fc\u547d\u628a\u63e1\u6a5f\u6703\u52aa\u529b\u8cfa\u9322\uff0c\u9019\u600e\u9ebc\u662f\u300c\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u8ce3\u300d\uff1f\u662f\u5979\u81ea\u5df1\u9078\u64c7\u72af\u96aa\u9032\u5165\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u5728\u4ef2\u4ecb\u7684\u5e6b\u52a9\u4e4b\u4e0b\u5148\u98db\u5230\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u5e02\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u8eb2\u5728\u6c7d\u8eca\u7684\u5f8c\u8eca\u5ec2\u88e1\uff0c\u5f9e\u63d0\u83ef\u7d0d\u57ce\uff08Tijuana\uff09\u9032\u5165\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eac\u654f\u7684\u8a55\u8ad6\u662f\u5728\u6279\u5224\u5404\u7a2e\u5ee2\u6b62\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u8a08\u5283\uff08\u5979\u53c3\u8207\u8a2a\u8ac7\u7684Bom-bit\u8a08\u5283\u5c31\u662f\u7bc4\u672c\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4f01\u696d\u8207\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7d44\u7e54\u4ee5\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e4b\u540d\u9032\u884c\u7684\u7d50\u76df\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u5728Bom-bit\u8a08\u5283\u7684\u7d50\u6848\u5831\u544a\u4e2d\uff0c\u57fa\u91d1\u6703\u5275\u8fa6\u4eba\u8c9e\u60e0\u5143\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u81ea\u5f9e2004\u5e74\u53cd\u8ce3\u6deb\u6cd5\u901a\u904e\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u95dc\u6ce8\u5728\u672c\u570b\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u5973\u6027\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u537b\u6c92\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u6d77\u5916\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u97d3\u570b\u5973\u6027\u6240\u906d\u9047\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u300d\uff082008, i\uff09\u3002\u5979\u63a5\u8457\u54c0\u5606\u5bcc\u88d5\u5982\u97d3\u570b\u537b\u8b93\u672c\u570b\u7684\u5973\u6027\u5728\u6d77\u5916\u5f9e\u4e8b\u8ce3\u6deb\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u662f\u5168\u7403\u7b2c11\u5927\u7d93\u6fdf\u9ad4\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7d93\u6fdf\u5408\u4f5c\u66a8\u767c\u5c55\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u6703\u54e1\u570b\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u537b\u80cc\u8ca0\u8457\u8ce3\u6deb\uff08\u5973\u6027\uff09\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f86\u6e90\u570b\u4e4b\u81ed\u540d\u3002\u300d\uff08Bom-bit 2008, ii\uff09\u3002\u6027\u5225\u5e73\u7b49\u90e8\u4eba\u6b0a\u4fc3\u9032\u8655\u7684\u8655\u9577\u674e\u57fa\u6d19\uff08Lee Gi-soon\uff09\u5247\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u8868\u9054\u5979\u7684\u898b\u89e3\uff1a\u300c\u6d77\u5916\u8ce3\u6deb\u5df2\u6210\u56b4\u91cd\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6709\u95dc\u570b\u5bb6\u5f62\u8c61\u7684\u7126\u616e\u6b63\u5728\u6500\u5347\u3002\u300d\u8c9e\u60e0\u5143\u547c\u7c72\u6240\u6709\u97d3\u570b\u4eba\u52a0\u5165\u53cd\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u722d\u6230\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8b77\u97d3\u570b\u7684\u300c\u5973\u5152\u5011\u300d\uff1b\u674e\u57fa\u6d19\u91cd\u7533\u653f\u5e9c\u5df2\u5728\u6253\u64ca\u8ce3\u6deb\u4e0a\u5927\u529b\u6295\u5165\u4ee5\u5275\u9020\u300c\u6c92\u6709\u5a3c\u5993\u7684\u5149\u660e\u5065\u5eb7\u793e\u6703\u300d\uff08Bom-bit 2008, iii\uff09\uff1b\u7acb\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u8d99\u88f4\u6dd1\uff08Cho Bae-sook\uff09\u5247\u5e0c\u671b\u300c\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u9019\u500b\u793e\u6703\u518d\u4e5f\u898b\u4e0d\u5230\u5a3c\u5993\u300d\uff08Bom-bit 2008, v\uff09\u3002\u8207\u6b64\u5c0d\u6bd4\u7684\u662f\u50cf\u4eac\u654f\u548c\u5a67\u9019\u4e00\u985e\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u53ea\u6703\u88ab\u71d2\u9304\u6210\u5149\u789f\u6210\u70ba\u7d50\u6848\u5831\u544a\u9644\u9304\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5a67\u548c\u4eac\u654f\u62d2\u7d55\u8b93\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u88ab\u6709\u95dc\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u548c\u570b\u6065\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u6241\u5e73\u5316\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u62d2\u7d55\u7121\u8f9c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u6a23\u6703\u4f7f\u5979\u5011\u6210\u70ba\u975e\u6cd5\u3001\u7121\u529b\u3001\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u4fdd\u8b77\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002\u5979\u5011\u975e\u5e38\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u610f\u8b58\u5230\uff0c\u8003\u91cf\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u591a\u5c11\u597d\u8655\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u5728\u7269\u8cea\u6216\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\uff0c\u300c\u6b0a\u5229\u7684\u4ee3\u50f9\u300d\u90fd\u592a\u9ad8\uff08Choo 2013\uff09\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u5a67\u8207\u4eac\u654f\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u4e2d\u6709\u500b\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5973\u6027\u79fb\u5de5\u5229\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5973\u6027\u7279\u8cea\u548c\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u6b32\u671b\u4e0d\u65b7\u589e\u52a0\u3001\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u537b\u4e0d\u65b7\u6e1b\u5c11\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u88e1\u8ffd\u6c42\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u672a\u4f86\uff0c\u537b\u767c\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\u5fc5\u9808\u548c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u900f\u904e\u8de8\u570b\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u8ce3\u63aa\u65bd\u7db2\u7d61\u4f86\u9ad4\u73fe\u7684\u6027\u8207\u76e3\u7344\u8a08\u756b\u4e0d\u65b7\u9b25\u6cd5\u3002\u9019\u500b\u4e0d\u65b7\u64f4\u5927\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u5a92\u9ad4\u5831\u5c0e\u3001\u8207\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7d44\u7e54\u7db2\u7d61\u4e0d\u65b7\u5347\u9ad8\u5c0d\u4eba\u53e3\u72af\u904b\u7684\u7126\u616e\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u90a3\u662f\u6027\u72af\u7f6a\u548c\u908a\u5883\u7ba1\u5236\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u800c\u7565\u904e\u4e86\u8ca7\u5bcc\u5dee\u8ddd\u7684\u6fc0\u5316\u3001\u6027\u5225\u5316\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u96c7\u50ad\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u5f48\u6027\u5316\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u79fb\u5de5\u4eba\u6b0a\u88ab\u525d\u596a\u4ee5\u81f4\u65bc\u9020\u6210\u66f4\u591a\u975e\u6cd5\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u79fb\u52d5\u3002\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u77db\u76fe\u9ad4\u73fe\u4e86\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u5167\u5728\u6a21\u7cca\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u500b\u77db\u76fe\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u7e7c\u7e8c\u88fd\u9020\u4e26\u6467\u6b98\u8106\u5f31\u7fa4\u9ad4\uff0c\u53e6\u65b9\u9762\u6176\u8d0a\u4f86\u81ea\u653f\u5e9c\u8207\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u4eba\u9053\uff0f\u6148\u5584\u56de\u61c9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eac\u654f\u628a\u5979\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\u904e\u7a0b\u5ea7\u843d\u5728\u5979\u90a3\u4e00\u4ee3\u5931\u696d\u7684\u300c\uc774\ud0dc\ubc31\u300d\u8108\u7d61\u88e1\uff08\uc774\uc2ed\ub300\ud0dc\ubc18\uc774\ubc31\uc218\u610f\u6307\u300c20\u5e7e\u6b72\u7684\u5e74\u8f15\u4eba\u591a\u6578\u5931\u696d\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u540d\u8a5e\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5357\u97d3\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6539\u9769\u81ea1997\u5e74\u4ee5\u4f86\u5c0d\u570b\u5167\u5e74\u8f15\u4eba\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u50b7\u5bb3\u30022003\u5e74\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u5931\u696d\u7387\u70ba3.4\uff05\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d15\u81f329\u6b72\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u4f5412\uff05\uff08National Statistics Office 2004\uff09\u30022006\u5e7420-29\u6b72\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u5931\u696d\u4eba\u6578\u70ba340,000\uff0c\u4f54\u5168\u570b\u7e3d\u5931\u696d\u4eba\u6578823,000\u768440\uff05\uff08National Statistical Office 2007\uff09\u30022011\u5e74\uff0c\u5357\u97d3\u6c92\u6709\u5c31\u696d\u3001\u5c31\u5b78\u3001\u53d7\u8a13\u7684\u5e74\u8f15\u4eba\u5728\u7d93\u6fdf\u5408\u4f5c\u66a8\u767c\u5c55\u7d44\u7e54\u6703\u7684\u6703\u54e1\u570b\u4e4b\u4e2d\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u570b\u5bb615-29\u6b72\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u5e73\u5747\u53ea\u670919\uff05\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u5c31\u696d\u3001\u5c31\u5b78\u3001\u53d7\u8a13\u7684\uff08OECD 2012\uff09\u3002\u9ad8\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u5357\u97d3\u5e74\u8f15\u4eba\u624b\u62ff\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u6587\u6191\u537b\u5931\u696d\u6216\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u5c31\u696d\uff08OECD 2011b, 14\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u8457\u5927\u5b78\u5b78\u6b77\u7684\u5e74\u8f15\u5973\u6027\u5931\u696d\u6578\u5b57\u57282010\u5e742\u6708\u6642\u7834\u4e86\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u7e3d\u4eba\u6578\u9054\u5230196,000\uff08Lee 2010\uff09\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u5982\u6b64\u9ad8\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u5931\u696d\u7387\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u52de\u52d5\u5e02\u5834\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u8f49\u5411\u8207\u5e74\u8f15\u4eba\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u6280\u8853\u5f62\u6210\u843d\u5dee\u3002\u4eac\u654f\u8aaa\u5979\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u53bb\u4e86\u7f8e\u570b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5728\u97d3\u570b\u7562\u696d\u6642\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5bb6\u653f\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5b78\u4f4d\uff0c\u5168\u5fc3\u6e96\u5099\u8981\u901a\u904e\u8003\u8a66\u6210\u70ba\u516c\u7acb\u5b78\u6821\u6559\u5e2b\u3002\u7136\u800c\u7b2c\u4e03\u8f2a\u6559\u6539\u628a\u5bb6\u653f\u6559\u80b2\u4f75\u5165\u4e86\u79d1\u6280\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u4e5f\u6539\u7248\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u6c92\u7528\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u771f\u7684\u5f88\u60f3\u7576\u8001\u5e2b\u22ef\u22ef\u7562\u696d\u4e4b\u5f8c\u6211\u5728\u79c1\u4eba\u6559\u80b2\u55ae\u4f4d\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u6708\u8cfa150\u5230200\u842c\u3014\u97d3\u5143\u3015\u3014\u7d04\u7b49\u65bc1300\u52301700\u7f8e\u91d1\u3015\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u5f9e\u9996\u723e\uff08Seoul National University\uff09\u3001\u5ef6\u4e16\uff08Yonsei\uff09\u6216\u9ad8\u9e97\uff08Korea\uff09\u7b49\u6709\u540d\u5927\u5b78\u7562\u696d\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u592a\u591a\u5bb6\u6559\u22ef\u22ef\u9019\u771f\u662f\u592a\u8b93\u4eba\u7070\u5fc3\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\u4f86\u8cfa\u5f88\u591a\u9322\u7136\u5f8c\u56de\u97d3\u570b\u7d93\u71df\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e8b\u696d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4f86\u7f8e\u570b\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u540d\u53d7\u904e\u5c08\u696d\u8a13\u7df4\u7684\u5973\u6559\u5e2b\u4f86\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u5973\u516c\u95dc\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u653e\u5728\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u8108\u7d61\u88e1\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u6559\u5e2b\u8a13\u7df4\u8207\u6559\u80b2\u653f\u7b56\u6539\u9769\u4e4b\u9593\u672a\u80fd\u63a5\u8ecc\u3001\u5c31\u696d\u5e02\u5834\u592a\u904e\u8457\u91cd\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u51fa\u8eab\u8840\u7d71\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u97d3\u570b\u5e74\u8f15\u4eba\u7684\u6027\u5225\u5316\u5931\u696d\u72c0\u6cc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u5f37\u5316\u4e86\u8cc7\u6e90\u8207\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7684\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\uff0c\u88fd\u9020\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u5f31\u52e2\u4eba\u53e3\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u53c8\u7531\u570b\u5bb6\u8207\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7d44\u7e54\u806f\u624b\u652f\u6301\u4e00\u5957\u4eba\u9053\uff0f\u6148\u5584\u7684\u56de\u61c9\u3002Roy\uff082012\uff09\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u8ca7\u7aae\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u5176\u5be6\u52a9\u9577\u4e86\u65b0\u578b\u5e02\u5834\u898f\u5247\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u9053\u8207\u6148\u5584\u5e72\u9810\u6700\u7d42\u652f\u6301\u7684\u4ecd\u662f\u4e3b\u6d41\u95dc\u6ce8\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u8907\u88fd\u4e86\u9673\u820a\u7684\u6027\u5225\u3001\u7a2e\u65cf\u3001\u968e\u7d1a\u3001\u570b\u65cf\u968e\u5e8f\u548c\u5206\u91ce\uff08Adams 2012; Fassin 2011; Ticktin 2011\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u300c\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u300d\u6ecb\u990a\u4e86\u539f\u672c\u8981\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u5171\u751f\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u4eac\u654f\u7684\u6279\u5224\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u653f\u7b56\u8207\u5021\u8b70\u63a8\u52d5\u4e86\u7a2e\u65cf\u5316\uff0f\u6027\u5316\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8b70\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u8907\u88fd\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u5973\u6027\u5021\u8b70\u8005\u548c\u5979\u5011\u4ee3\u8a00\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u754c\u5973\u6027\u4e4b\u9593\u5728\u793e\u6703\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u5168\u7403\u4e0a\u7684\u5206\u91ce\uff08Agust\u00edn 2007; Dozema 2001\uff09\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u4ee3\u8a00\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u8655\u7406\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u6fc0\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u6b63\u662f\u9019\u7a2e\u6fc0\u5316\u8feb\u4f7f\u4e86\u67d0\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u7fa4\u9ad4\u548c\u7537\u6027\u7fa4\u9ad4\u9078\u64c7\u6709\u98a8\u96aa\u7684\u8de8\u570b\u79fb\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e0d\u5b89\u5206\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e3b\u9ad4<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5011\u5df2\u7d93\u8ad6\u8b49\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6539\u9769\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u9020\u5c31\u4e86\u5927\u6279\u5f9e\u5357\u97d3\u79fb\u52d5\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\u6295\u5165\u89aa\u5bc6\u670d\u52d9\u7522\u696d\u7684\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\u540c\u6642\u900f\u904e\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\u7522\u751f\u7684\u7126\u616e\u4f86\u898f\u7bc4\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u3002\u570b\u5bb6\u3001\u5a92\u9ad4\u8207\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7d44\u7e54\u8981\u4e0d\u662f\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u5efa\u69cb\u70ba\u67d0\u4e9b\u795e\u901a\u5ee3\u5927\u7684\u8de8\u570b\u72af\u7f6a\u7d44\u7e54\u7db2\u7d61\u4e0b\u7684\u88ab\u52d5\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5c07\u5979\u5011\u8a6e\u91cb\u6210\u61c9\u8a72\u88ab\u91cd\u7f70\u7684\u6027\u504f\u5dee\u4efd\u5b50\uff0c\u85c9\u6b64\u4e5f\u547c\u7c72\u570b\u5bb6\u52a0\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8b77\u6216\u63a7\u7ba1\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u600e\u6a23\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u63cf\u7e6a\u90fd\u5408\u7406\u5316\u4e86\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u6027\u8b70\u7a0b\uff0c\u5f37\u5316\u4e86\u570b\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u58c1\u58d8\uff0c\u4e26\u9020\u6210\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u570b\u5bb6\u8207\u4f01\u696d\u5408\u71df\u7684\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3002\u672c\u6587\u6240\u6a19\u793a\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5167\u5728\u77db\u76fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u7406\u89e3\u6027\u79fb\u5de5\u5982\u4f55\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u65e2\u9ad4\u73fe\u53c8\u6311\u6230\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8ad6\u8ff0\u3002\u5a67\u548c\u4eac\u654f\u5176\u5be6\u9ad4\u73fe\u4e86\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6838\u5fc3\u50f9\u503c\uff1a\u81ea\u7acb\u81ea\u4e3b\u3001\u5275\u696d\u52d5\u529b\u3001\u8207\u5192\u96aa\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u5011\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u50ed\u8d8a\u4e86\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6027\u8207\u6027\u5225\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u5011\u7684\u79fb\u52d5\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u6210\u70ba\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\uff08\u800c\u975e\u5f9e\u4e8b\u5bb6\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u5de5\u5ee0\u52de\u52d5\u3001\u6216\u8fb2\u5834\u6d3b\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u800c\u627f\u53d7\u4e86\u570b\u5bb6\u6216\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7d44\u7e54\u6700\u56b4\u53b2\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u5979\u5011\u7684\u596e\u9b25\u653e\u5728\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u5927\u8da8\u52e2\u8108\u7d61\u4e2d\u6aa2\u8996\uff0c\u9ede\u51fa\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4e09\u500b\u77db\u76fe\uff1a\u975e\uff0f\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u53bb\uff0f\u653f\u6cbb\u5316\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u975e\uff0f\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3002\u9019\u4e09\u500b\u77db\u76fe\u50c5\u50c5\u90e8\u4efd\u6355\u6349\u5230\u5a67\u548c\u4eac\u654f\u8a66\u5716\u8de8\u904e\u570b\u5bb6\u908a\u5883\uff0c\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u793e\u6703\u8207\u6027\u7684\u7248\u5716\u4e0a\u627e\u8def\u524d\u884c\u6642\u6240\u7d93\u6b77\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u596e\u9b25\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u5979\u5011\u505a\u70ba\u7368\u7acb\u800c\u6709\u62b1\u8ca0\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\u4ee5\u53ca\u5979\u5011\u5c0d\u6297\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u5e72\u9810\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5f35\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5316\u662f\u7570\u8cea\u800c\u77db\u76fe\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u884d\u751f\u4e86\u6027\u5225\u5316\u3001\u7a2e\u65cf\u5316\u3001\u8207\u6027\u5316\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6548\u679c\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u4eac\u654f\u548c\u5a67\u7684\u6558\u4e8b\u5206\u6790\u51f8\u986f\u4e86\u8b39\u614e\u8655\u7406\u5973\u6027\u79fb\u6c11\u751f\u5b58\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u985b\u8986\u770b\u4f3c\u6563\u843d\u537b\u53c8\u76f8\u4e92\u7d44\u5408\u7684\u6027\u5225\u3001\u6027\u3001\u570b\u5bb6\u3001\u548c\u570b\u65cf\u9738\u6b0a\uff08Gibson-Graham 1996; Grewal and Kaplan 1994; Kim-Puri 2005; Mohanty 2003; Pratt 2004\uff09\u3002Spivak\u66fe\u8b66\u544a\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u7c21\u55ae\u5316\u79fb\u6c11\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u300c\u50c5\u5c07\u79fb\u6c11\u8996\u70ba\u77e5\u8b58\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u5be6\u8e10\u904b\u52d5\u4e2d\u7121\u6b77\u53f2\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7684\u5ba2\u9ad4\u300d\uff082000, 354\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u5f88\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u3002\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e26\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4e00\u80a1\u7121\u6cd5\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u3001\u8e42\u8eaa\u300c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u754c\u5973\u6027\u300d\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u529b\u9053\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u78ba\u5be6\u4e5f\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u8b93\u65b0\u4e3b\u9ad4\u8207\u65b0\u751f\u547d\u5f97\u4ee5\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u654f\u611f\u770b\u5f85\u53e6\u985e\u81ea\u9020\u8a08\u5283\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u97d3\u570b\u79fb\u6c11\u5973\u6027\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u89aa\u5bc6\u670d\u52d9\u7522\u696d\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u8207\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u8ce3\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u7db2\u8def\u9b25\u722d\uff0c\u6297\u62d2\u5f8c\u8005\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6027\u5225\u3001\u6027\u3001\u8207\u5168\u7403\u5316\u6982\u5ff5\u4f86\u9396\u5b9a\u5973\u6027\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u7684\u596e\u9b25\u8207\u5f80\u65e5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u5979\u5011\u8ffd\u6c42\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u793e\u6703\u6d41\u52d5\u6027\uff08\u64c1\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u751f\u610f\u3001\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u5df1\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ffd\u6c42\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead\u7a7a\u9593\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u8ca1\u52d9\u7368\u7acb\u8207\u793e\u6703\u7368\u7acb\u3002\u5979\u5011\u8cfa\u9322\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5bb6\u4eba\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u7a4d\u6975\u62b5\u6297\u6027\u52de\u52d5\u7684\u6c61\u540d\uff0c\u6279\u8a55\u653f\u5e9c\u507d\u5584\u7684\u6383\u8569\u5979\u5011\u7684\u751f\u8a08\u548c\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5979\u5011\u767c\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u300c\u5275\u5efa\u8a08\u5283\u300d\u4e0d\u50c5\u8207\u6253\u9020\u6c11\u65cf\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u8a08\u5283\u5531\u53cd\u8abf\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u800c\u843d\u5165\u5211\u4e8b\u53f8\u6cd5\u55ae\u4f4d\u3001\u5a92\u9ad4\u3001\u8207\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u56b4\u53b2\u6aa2\u8996\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002\u5728\u6211\u5011\u5df2\u7d93\u8a73\u8ff0\u7684\u5169\u500b\u79fb\u5de5\u6545\u4e8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9a45\u52d5\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u617e\u671b\u3001\u91ce\u5fc3\u3001\u8207\u5192\u96aa\u4f86\u81ea\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u8b8a\u9769\uff0c\u5b83\u53ec\u559a\u516c\u6c11\u81ea\u6211\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u7a4d\u6975\u5275\u9020\u3001\u52aa\u529b\u7af6\u722d\u3001\u4e26\u9762\u5c0d\u5168\u7403\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5a67\u8207\u4eac\u654f\u540c\u6642\u9055\u53cd\u4e86\u6027\u5225\u3001\u968e\u7d1a\u3001\u6027\u3001\u8207\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u908a\u754c\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8d8a\u754c\u4f7f\u5979\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u5c48\u5f9e\u65bc\u570b\u5bb6\u3001\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u904b\u52d5\u4efd\u5b50\u3001\u8207\u5275\u9020\u6587\u5316\u7684\u8a18\u8005\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u885d\u52d5\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5be6\u8e10\u4f7f\u5973\u4eba\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee5\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u300d\u7684\u8eab\u5206\u73fe\u8eab\uff0c\u5c07\u5979\u5011\u6241\u5e73\u5316\u6210\u70ba\u7537\u6027\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u5ba2\u9ad4\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u8907\u88fd\u4e86\u5973\u6027\u7279\u8cea\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\uff0c\u628a\u5bb6\u5167\u5834\u57df\u8996\u70ba\u5973\u6027\u6b63\u7576\u6b78\u5c6c\u7684\u570b\u5ea6\uff0c\u628a\u8c9e\u7bc0\u7576\u6210\u5973\u4eba\u552f\u4e00\u6709\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u7279\u8272\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5be6\u8e10\u4e5f\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u4eba\u5728\u80af\u5b9a\u5176\u6027\u81ea\u4e3b\u6b0a\u6642\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u969c\u7919\uff0c\u963b\u9694\u4e86\u5979\u5011\u4f5c\u70ba\u516c\u6c11\u4e3b\u9ad4\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u8207\u6b0a\u76ca\u3002\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u805a\u7126\u65bc\u6027\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u63a9\u6c92\u4e86\u50b7\u5bb3\u79fb\u6c11\u5973\u6027\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u5f31\u52e2\u8207\u60e1\u5f85\uff0c\u53cd\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u548c\u884c\u52d5\u4f7f\u5f97\u50cf\u5a67\u548c\u4eac\u654f\u9019\u7a2e\u5973\u6027\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5371\u96aa\u3002\u5357\u97d3\u8207\u7f8e\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u4ee5\u72f9\u9698\u7684\u805a\u7126\u8ce3\u6deb\u4f86\u63a8\u52d5\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u5168\u7403\u8a08\u756b\uff0c\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u79fb\u5de5\u5973\u6027\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u60e1\u5f85\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u53ea\u6703\u4f7f\u5df2\u7d93\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5f31\u52e2\u60c5\u6cc1\u66f4\u52a0\u60e1\u52a3\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ee5\u975e\u5178\u578b\u624b\u6bb5\u8ffd\u6c42\u81ea\u7d66\u81ea\u8db3\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Constable\u5728\u6aa2\u8996\u89aa\u5bc6\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u8de8\u570b\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u8207\u6d88\u8cbb\u6642\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u300c\u6709\u95dc\u89aa\u5bc6\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u5e38\u5e38\u8207\u6027\u5225\u548c\u5bb6\u99b4\u5316\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u9023\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u8996\u5176\u70ba\u79ae\u7269\u994b\u8d08\u800c\u975e\u5e02\u5834\u4ea4\u6613\u300d\uff082009, 49\uff09\u3002\u628a\u5a67\u8207\u4eac\u654f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u653e\u5728\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u300d\u9019\u7a2e\u7a7a\u6cdb\u7684\u6a19\u7c64\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u5979\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\u548c\u52de\u52d5\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u4e5f\u8907\u88fd\u4e86\u5973\u4eba\u548c\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u9023\u7d50\uff0c\u8907\u88fd\u4e86\u6027\u548c\u5e02\u5834\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5340\u9694\u3002\u5a67\u548c\u4eac\u654f\u4e26\u975e\u7279\u4f8b\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u97d3\u570b\u5973\u6027\u81ea\u9858\u79fb\u6c11\u81f3\u89aa\u5bc6\u670d\u52d9\u696d\u88e1\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u6216\u8a31\u4e0d\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u8a31\u53ef\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u63d0\u5347\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u5979\u5011\u7684\u6027\u5225\u3001\u6027\u3001\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5efa\u8b70\u91cd\u5beb\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u8de8\u908a\u5883\u79fb\u52d5\u9032\u5165\u89aa\u5bc6\u670d\u52d9\u7522\u696d\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u958b\u555f\u7a7a\u9593\u8b93\u591a\u5143\u7684\u6558\u4e8b\u8207\u60c5\u6cc1\u5f97\u4ee5\u6d6e\u73fe\u3002Marcus\u4fbf\u66fe\u5206\u6790\u300c\u5f37\u66b4\u8173\u672c\u300d\uff0c\u8aaa\u5b83\u5011\u7e3d\u662f\u628a\u300c\u5973\u6027\u8eab\u9ad4\u63cf\u7e6a\u70ba\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u4fb5\u72af\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u7a7f\u523a\u7684\u3001\u4e14\u88ab\u50b7\u5bb3\u7684\u300d\uff081992, 398\uff09\uff1b\u540c\u6a23\u7684\uff0c\u300c\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u8173\u672c\u300d\u4e5f\u628a\u5973\u6027\u8eab\u9ad4\u5047\u5b9a\u662f\u7a7a\u6d1e\u7684\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u8b77\u4e0d\u88ab\u4fb5\u72af\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u5247\u7d0d\u5165\u5bb6\u6236\uff0f\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u5834\u57df\u3002\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4e0b\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u7684\u6027\u7e3d\u662f\u88ab\u52d5\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u7537\u6027\u6d88\u8cbb\u8207\u4fb5\u5bb3\u7684\u7126\u9ede\uff08Marcus 1992\uff09\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u7684\u6027\u4e3b\u9ad4\u8207\u81ea\u6211\u6253\u9020\u5c31\u6b64\u9810\u5148\u88ab\u8a2d\u5b9a\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u82e5\u80fd\u50ed\u8d8a\u50b3\u7d71\u6027\u5225\u8207\u9053\u5fb7\u5e38\u8ecc\u6240\u5206\u6d3e\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u548c\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6bcf\u500b\u5973\u6027\u7684\u596e\u9b25\u6545\u4e8b\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e2d\u7684\u75d9\u6523\u4e2d\u5275\u9020\u65b0\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6210\u5f62\u7684\u9053\u8def\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u65b0\u8ecc\u8de1\u5c07\u5728\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u7dca\u7e2e\u548c\u5168\u7403\u6d41\u52d5\u4e2d\u884d\u751f\uff0c\u4e26\u91cd\u65b0\u9298\u523b\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u6211\uff0c\u6539\u5beb\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u8173\u672c\u5728\u63cf\u5beb\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u79fb\u52d5\u6642\u64f4\u6563\u5230\u5a92\u9ad4\u3001\u653f\u7b56\u3001\u904b\u52d5\u9818\u57df\u7684\u6027\u5225\u5316\u66b4\u529b\u908f\u8f2f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ea\u6709\u7576\u6211\u5011\u812b\u96e2\u5c0d\u5168\u7403\u5316\u3001\u897f\u65b9\uff0f\u4e9e\u6d32\u4e16\u754c\u3001\u7537\u6027\uff0f\u5973\u6027\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u5316\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u812b\u96e2\u4e3b\u6d41\u5c0d\u5973\u6027\u7aef\u838a\u548c\u7d14\u6f54\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u624d\u53ef\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u50cf\u5a67\u548c\u4eac\u654f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5973\u6027\u6240\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u300c\u5275\u5efa\u8a08\u5283\u300d\u3002\u5979\u5011\u900f\u904e\u9019\u4e9b\u8a08\u5283\u4f86\u548c\u7269\u8cea\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u9b25\u722d\uff0c\u4e5f\u548c\u570b\u65cf\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6027\u5225\u66b4\u529b\u5468\u65cb\u3002\u5979\u5011\u7684\u79fb\u52d5\u548c\u52de\u52d5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u9014\u5f91\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u5979\u5011\u63a8\u9032\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u617e\u671b\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u8907\u88fd\u525d\u524a\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5979\u5011\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u770b\u898b\u4e86\u570b\u5bb6\u8207\u570b\u65cf\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u770b\u898b\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u770b\u4f3c\u7a69\u5b9a\u540c\u8cea\u7684\u5efa\u5236\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u6301\u7e8c\u53d7\u5230\u6311\u6230\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u6301\u7e8c\u5f37\u5316\u81ea\u6211\u3002\u5a67\u548c\u4eac\u654f\u79fb\u5165\u89aa\u5bc6\u52de\u52d5\u4f46\u662f\u62d2\u7d55\u88ab\u7576\u6210\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u7684\u751f\u547d\u56e0\u6b64\u63ed\u9732\u4e86\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6027\u4fb7\u9650\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u9ad4\u73fe\u4e86\u7368\u7acb\u3001\u8ca0\u8cac\u3001\u548c\u81ea\u8db3\u7b49\u7b49\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u502b\u7406\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5979\u5011\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u5fc5\u9760\u570b\u5bb6\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5979\u5011\u7684\u5546\u696d\u6027\u52de\u52d5\u537b\u4f7f\u5f97\u5979\u5011\u627f\u53d7\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u76e3\u7763\u61f2\u7f70\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u628a\u5168\u7403\u5316\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5bb0\u5236\uff0f\u4fb5\u72af\u7684\u7c21\u55ae\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u89c0\u5bdf\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e3b\u9ad4\u548c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u570b\u5bb6\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5f7c\u6b64\u5efa\u69cb\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0d\uff0d\u5373\u4fbf\u5728\u770b\u4f3c\u6beb\u7121\u7591\u7fa9\u7684\u300c\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\u73fe\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0d\uff0d\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8a8c\u8b1d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u6587\u767c\u8868\u65bc<em>Social Politics <\/em>21.3 (Fall 2014): 1-27\u3002\u5169\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u611f\u8b1dElizabeth Bernstein\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u7de8\u8f2f\u4e0a\u7d30\u7dfb\u4e14\u8010\u5fc3\u7684\u6307\u5c0e\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u611f\u8b1d\u5169\u4f4d\u533f\u540d\u8b80\u8005\u9f13\u52f5\u7684\u8a55\u8a9e\u8207\u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8b70\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6177\u6168\u5730\u7531Bom-bit \u57fa\u91d1\u6703\u8d0a\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u300c\u4f01\u696d\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7531\u5546\u696d\u90e8\u9580\u4ee5\u300c\u4f01\u696d\u793e\u6703\u8cac\u4efb\u300d\u4e4b\u540d\u767c\u8d77\u7684\u6148\u5584\u4e8b\u696d\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u9019\u7a2e\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8072\u7a31\u8981\u89e3\u6c7a\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u53d7\u82e6\uff0c\u4f46\u591a\u534a\u6700\u5f8c\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u79c1\u4eba\u55ae\u4f4d\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u5f37\u5316\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u79e9\u5e8f\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u4e0d\u516c\u7fa9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f01\u696d\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u547c\u61c9\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u6279\u5224\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u6279\u5224\u5206\u6790\u947d\u7814\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5728\u60f3\u8981\u6e1b\u8f15\u5225\u4eba\u53d7\u82e6\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u793e\u6703\u860a\u6db5\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5c0d\u73fe\u72c0\u7684\u8907\u88fd\u3002\u4f8b\u898b\uff1aDidier Fassin\u65bc2010\u5e74\u4ee5\u300c\u751f\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u300d\uff08politics of life\uff09\u89d2\u5ea6\u6aa2\u8996\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff1bIllan Kapoor\u65bc2013\u5e74\u6279\u5224\u300c\u540d\u6d41\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5947\u89c0\u300d\uff08the spectacle of celebrity humanitarianism\uff09\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u53bb\u653f\u6cbb\u5316\uff1bElizabeth Bernstein\u5247\u65bc2012\u5e74\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u4ee5\u7f6a\u884c\u6b63\u7fa9\u65b9\u5f0f\u8655\u7406\u8de8\u5883\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u8ecd\u4e8b\u5316\u7684\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d\uff08militarized humanitarianism\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u57282006\u5e74\uff0c\u820a\u91d1\u5c71\u7d00\u4e8b\u5831\uff08San Francisco Chronicle\uff09\u4e3b\u6253\u4e86\u4e00\u5247\u540d\u70ba\u300a\u6027\u5974\u65e5\u8a18\u300b\uff08Diary of a Sex Slave\uff09\u76844\u6bb5\u5f0f\u7279\u5225\u5831\u5c0e\uff0c\u8a18\u8005Meredith May\u8ffd\u8e64\u4e00\u540d\u5728\u820a\u91d1\u5c71\u5a3c\u9928\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u97d3\u88d4\u5973\u6027\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\uff1a\u3008\u820a\u91d1\u5c71\u662f\u8d70\u79c1\u548c\u5974\u5f79\u7684\u570b\u969b\u72af\u7f6a\u7db2\u7d61\u4e2d\u6a1e\u3009\uff0c2006\u5e7410\u67086\u65e5\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\uff1a\u3008\u5e74\u5c11\u7121\u77e5\u3009\uff0c2006\u5e7410\u67088\u65e5\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\uff1a\u3008\u7121\u6cd5\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u8cb7\u8ce3\u3009\uff0c2006\u5e7410\u67089\u65e5\uff1b\u7b2c\u56db\u90e8\uff1a\u3008\u6027\u5974\u88ab\u91cb\u653e\u4f46\u56f0\u4f4f\u3009\uff0c2006\u5e7410\u670810\u65e5\uff0c\u300a\u820a\u91d1\u5c71\u7d00\u4e8b\u5831\u300b\uff0c\u898bhttp:\/\/www.sfgate.com\/sextrafficking\/ (last accessed August 14, 2008).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> \u6b64\u70ba\u76f4\u63a5\u5f9e\u7d66\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u97d3\u570b\u554f\u5377\u7ffb\u8b6f\u5f97\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> \u672c\u6587\u7684\u5169\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u65bc2007\u5e745\u6708\u81f32008\u5e744\u6708\u9593\u5728\u6771\u5cb8\u8207\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5340\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5247\u8ca0\u8cac\u7f8e\u570b\u897f\u5cb8\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u3001\u6fb3\u6d32\u8207\u5357\u97d3\uff08\u8a2a\u554f\u6b78\u570b\u8005\uff09\u3002Bom-bit\u7684\u554f\u5377\u7531\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u89aa\u586b\u6216\u8a2a\u554f\u4eba\u900f\u904e\u96fb\u8a71\u8a2a\u554f\uff0c\u4ee3\u70ba\u586b\u5beb\u3002\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u5171\u6df1\u5165\u8a2a\u554f\u4e867\u540d\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u8a2a\u554f\u6642\u9593\u7d042\u81f33\u5c0f\u6642\u4e0d\u7b49\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8a2a\u554f\u90fd\u4ee5\u97d3\u6587\u9032\u884c\u3002\u5a67\u7531\u912d\u8a69\u9748\u8a2a\u554f\uff0c\u4eac\u654f\uff08Kyungmi\uff09\u5247\u7531\u91d1\u6069\u5bb9\u8a2a\u554f\u3002\u5728Bom-bit\u8a08\u5283\u768469\u4ef6\u8a2a\u554f\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d10\u7d04\u8207\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5340\u7684\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u4f54\u4e8613\u4ef6\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u9019\u4e9b\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u591a\u8f03\u5e74\u9577\uff0c\u53d7\u904e\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u6b64\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u69cb\u6210\u5927\u81f4\u4e0a\u8207\u6574\u500b\u8a08\u5283\u76f8\u547c\u61c9\uff1a47\uff05\uff086\u540d\uff09\u4ecb\u65bc20\u81f329\u6b72\uff08\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5247\u70ba60\uff05\uff09\uff1b62\uff05\uff088\u540d\uff09\u5f9e\u672a\u7d50\u5a5a\uff08\u6574\u9ad4\u70ba86\uff05\uff09\uff1b70\uff05\uff089\u540d\uff09\u53d7\u904e\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\uff08\u6574\u9ad4\u70ba52\uff05\uff09\uff1b77\uff05\uff0810\u540d\uff09\u56e0\u96c7\u50ad\u95dc\u4fc2\u4f86\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\uff08\u6574\u9ad4\u70ba83\uff05\uff09\u3002\u7e3d\u9ad4\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u63a1\u8a2a\u7684\u5a66\u5973\u5f9e23\u6b72\u523049\u6b72\u4e0d\u7b49\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u5e74\u9f61\u70ba33\u6b72\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> 2008\u5e7411\u6708\u7f8e\u570b\u901a\u904e\u4e86\u5357\u97d3\u53ef\u514d\u7c3d\u5165\u5883\uff0c\u5357\u97d3\u570b\u6c11\u7372\u51c6\u81f3\u7f8e\u570b\u5f9e\u4e8b\u5546\u696d\u6216\u65c5\u904a\uff0c\u5728\u7121\u9700\u6838\u767c\u7c3d\u8b49\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u53ef\u505c\u755990\u5929\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5354\u52a9\u7684\u4e8b\u9805\u4e5f\u5f9e\u975e\u6cd5\u5165\u5883\u8f49\u70ba\u7121\u8b49\u5c45\u7559\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u96d6\u7136\u6e1b\u5c11\u4e86\u975e\u6cd5\u5165\u5883\u7684\u6578\u5b57\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u975e\u6cd5\u5c45\u7559\u7684\u97d3\u570b\u4eba\u53e3\u5247\u5f9e2010\u5e74\u7684170,000\u4eba\u6025\u5287\u589e\u52a0\u52302011\u5e74\u7684230,000\u4eba(Han 2012)\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> Lemke (2002) \u4ee5\u5085\u67ef\u7684\u6cbb\u7406\u6982\u5ff5\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f35\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u767c\u5c55\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u5169\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u91cd\u65b0\u5efa\u69cb\u570b\u5bb6\u8207\u5176\u570b\u6c11\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1a\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u52a0\u5927\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u6a5f\u69cb\u76f4\u63a5\u4ecb\u5165\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u8a2d\u8a08\u9593\u63a5\u7684\u6280\u8853\u4f86\u9818\u5c0e\u6216\u63a7\u5236\u500b\u4eba\uff1b\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u570b\u5bb6\u4f7f\u7528\u9593\u63a5\u7b56\u7565\u4f7f\u500b\u5225\u4e3b\u9ad4\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u96c6\u5408\u4e3b\u9ad4\uff0c\u5982\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u5354\u6703\u7b49\uff09\u300c\u8ca0\u8d77\u8cac\u4f86\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u5931\u696d\u3001\u8ca7\u7aae\u7b49\u793e\u6703\u98a8\u96aa\u8207\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u751f\u6d3b\u7686\u88ab\u8f49\u578b\u6210\u300c\u81ea\u6211\u7167\u8b77\u300d\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a 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Traffic Emergency Support Center\uff0c\u53c8\u540d117\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff09\uff08Korean National Police Agency 2005, 123\uff09\u3002\u5973\u6027\u8207\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u652f\u90e8\uff08The Women and Teenagers Division\uff09\u65e9\u57282002\u5e74\u7531\u9996\u723e\u90fd\u6703\u8b66\u5bdf\u5ef3\uff08Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency\uff09\u958b\u8fa6\uff0c\u5230\u4e862005\u5e74\u7531\u97d3\u570b\u8b66\u653f\u7f72\u7d93\u71df\u30022004\u5e74\u901a\u904e\u53cd\u8ce3\u6deb\u6cd5\uff08National Police Agency 2010, 441\uff09\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u6a5f\u69cb\u4e5f\u5275\u7acb\u76f8\u95dc\u55ae\u4f4d\u3002\u70ba\u5354\u52a9\u4e26\u652f\u63f4\u6027\u66b4\u529b\u3001\u6821\u5712\u66b4\u529b\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u66b4\u529b\u8207\u6027\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u4e00\u7ad9\u5f0f\u670d\u52d9\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08The One-Stop Service Support Center\uff09\u65bc2005\u5e748\u6708\u5275\u7acb\uff08Korean National Police Agency 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Women in 30s feel greatest squeeze in job market. <em>Korea<\/em><em> Times<\/em>, July 29.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u8f49\u8f09\u672c\u6587\u8acb\u4fdd\u7559\u7db2\u9801\u8a3b\u8a18<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<input type=\"hidden\" id=\"url2361\" class=\"posturl\" value=\"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/2016\/05\/%e6%96%b0%e8%87%aa%e7%94%b1%e4%b8%bb%e7%be%a9%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a7%e5%9c%a8%e7%9f%9b%e7%9b%be%ef%bc%9a%e7%be%8e%e5%9c%8b%e9%9f%93%e8%a3%94%e6%80%a7%e7%a7%bb%e5%b7%a5%e8%88%87%e3%80%8c%e6%80%a7%e8%b2%a9\/\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" id=\"com2361\" class=\"postcom\" value=\"0\" \/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0\u00a0\uff08\u672c\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u70ba\u912d\u8a69\u9748Sealing Cheng<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[83],"tags":[397,48],"class_list":["post-2361","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-83","tag-397","tag-48"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2361","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2361"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2361\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2361"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2361"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}