{"id":2403,"date":"2015-05-13T22:55:18","date_gmt":"2015-05-13T14:55:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/?p=2403"},"modified":"2016-12-08T23:04:42","modified_gmt":"2016-12-08T15:04:42","slug":"%e7%9f%9b%e7%9b%be%e7%8b%80%e6%85%8b%ef%bc%9a%e5%8d%81%e4%ba%8c%e7%a8%ae%e4%bd%af%e8%a3%9d%e7%82%ba%e5%8f%8d%e4%ba%ba%e5%8f%a3%e8%b2%a9%e9%81%8b%e7%9b%a1%e5%bf%83%e5%8a%9b%e7%9a%84%e5%81%9a%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/2015\/05\/%e7%9f%9b%e7%9b%be%e7%8b%80%e6%85%8b%ef%bc%9a%e5%8d%81%e4%ba%8c%e7%a8%ae%e4%bd%af%e8%a3%9d%e7%82%ba%e5%8f%8d%e4%ba%ba%e5%8f%a3%e8%b2%a9%e9%81%8b%e7%9b%a1%e5%bf%83%e5%8a%9b%e7%9a%84%e5%81%9a%e6%b3%95\/","title":{"rendered":"\u77db\u76fe\u72c0\u614b\uff1a\u5341\u4e8c\u7a2e\u4f6f\u88dd\u70ba\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u76e1\u5fc3\u529b\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff08\u7ffb\u8b6f\u6821\u8a02\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"\uff08\u53c3\u82071980\u5e74\u4ee3\u7f8e\u570b\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6027\u8faf\u8ad6\u7684\u8001\u724c\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005Carole Vance\u61c9\u4e2d\u592e\u5927\u5b78\u6027\uff0f\u5225\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u4e4b\u9080\uff0c\u4f86\u53f0\u767c\u8868\u7cfb\u5217\u6f14\u8b1b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u539f\u70baCarole S. Vance, \u201cStates of Contradiction: Twelve Ways to Do Nothing about Trafficking,\u201d Social Research <\/em>Vol. 78.3 (Fall 2011): 933-948.\u00a0\u7531\u621a\u80b2\u7444\u7ffb\u8b6f\uff0c\u4f55\u6625\u8564\u6821\u8a02\uff0c\u767c\u8868\u65bc\u82e6\u52de\u7db2\uff0c2015\u5e745\u670813\u65e5\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u6e96\u5099\u672c\u5730\u807d\u773e\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/strong>Vance\u539f\u4f86\u4efb\u6559\u65bc\u7d10\u7d04\u54e5\u502b\u6bd4\u4e9e\u5927\u5b78\u5065\u5eb7\u5b78\u9662\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u516c\u885b\u7cfb\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u6027\u5225\u3001\u4eba\u6b0a\u3001\u79d1\u5b78\u3001\u653f\u7b56\u7b49\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u662f1984\u5e74\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6027\u8faf\u8ad6\u7d93\u5178\u4f5c\u54c1\u300a\u6109\u6085\u8207\u5371\u96aa\uff1a\u5973\u300c\u6027\u300d\u4e4b\u63a2\u7d22\u300b\uff08Pleasure and Danger: Exploring Female Sexuality\uff09\u4e00\u66f8\u7684\u7de8\u8005\u30022005\u5e74\u7372\u5f97David R. Kessler\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u7d42\u751f\u8ca2\u737b\u734e\u30022014\u5e74\u54e5\u5927\u5065\u5eb7\u5b78\u9662\u63a1\u7528\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5f0f\u7684\u8a55\u9451\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c07\u500b\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u8a08\u756b\u672a\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u672c\u4eba\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u516b\u5341\u85aa\u6c34\u7684\u6559\u6388\u8fad\u9000\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ecVance\u3002\u5f8c\u7d93\u591a\u65b9\u6297\u8b70\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u570b\u969b\u5b78\u754c\u9023\u7f72\u8072\u63f4\uff0cVance\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u54e5\u5927\u5730\u7403\u5b78\u9662\u64d4\u4efbAssociate Clinical Professor of Sociomedical Sciences<\/span><\/strong>\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u904e\u53bb\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u5a3c\u5993\u9664\u7f6a\u5316\u53ca\u900f\u904e\u4eba\u6b0a\u8207\u52de\u52d5\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4f86\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u88ab\u300c\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\uff08\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5973\u4eba\u548c\u5973\u5b69\u88ab\u9001\u5165\u5f37\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\uff09\u8b70\u984c\u6240\u7cfe\u7e8f\u4fb5\u8755\u3002\u9019\u770b\u4f3c\u4e0d\u7b26\u5e38\u7406\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8fd1\u4f86\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u5167\u6cd5\u8207\u570b\u969b\u6cd5\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u4e86\u7a81\u7834\u7684\u8a8d\u5b9a\uff1a\u7537\u6027\u3001\u5973\u6027\u8207\u5c0f\u5b69\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u8ca9\u904b\u9032\u5165\u5404\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u525d\u524a\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u5f9e\u9053\u5fb7\u89d2\u5ea6\u55ae\u55ae\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u300c\u6027\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\u662f\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u5c0e\u5411\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u907f\u958b\u4e86\u52de\u52d5\u525d\u524a\u8207\u79fb\u6c11\u8650\u5f85\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u56f0\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n

\u570b\u969b\u6cd5\uff08\u7279\u63072000\u5e74\u806f\u5408\u570b\u901a\u904e\u7684\u300a\u9810\u9632\u3001\u58d3\u5236\u53ca\u61f2\u6cbb\u8ca9\u904b\u4eba\u53e3\uff08\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5a66\u5973\u53ca\u5152\u7ae5\uff09\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u300bProtocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children\uff09\u8207\u7f8e\u570b\u6cd5\uff082000\u5e74\u901a\u904e\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u4fdd\u8b77\u6cd5Trafficking Victims Protection Act\u53ca\u5176\u5f8c\u518d\u6388\u6b0a\u7684TVPRA\uff09\u7686\u6e05\u695a\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\uff08\u7537\u4eba\u3001\u5973\u4eba\u6216\u5c0f\u5b69\uff09\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u8ca9\u904b\u9032\u5165\u4efb\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\uff08\u5982\uff1a\u5de5\u5ee0\u3001\u8fb2\u5834\u3001\u6f01\u696d\u3001\u6027\u7522\u696d\u3001\u5bb6\u52d9\u5de5\u2026\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u653f\u5e9c\u8207\u5021\u8b70\u5718\u9ad4\u537b\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u5f37\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u8b70\u984c\u4e0a\u5927\u505a\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6301\u7e8c\u7834\u58de\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u9032\u5c55\u3002\u4e00\u6ce2\u6ce2\u4ee5\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u70ba\u984c\u7684\u7d00\u9304\u7247\u3001\u7206\u6599\u3001\u8abf\u67e5\u3001\u8207\u96fb\u8996\u5287\u4e0d\u65b7\u5f37\u52e2\u653e\u9001\uff08Vance 2005, 2006\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u63a9\u57cb\u4e86\u300c\u525d\u524a\u8ce3\u6deb\u300d\u8207\u300c\u8ce3\u6deb\u300d\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5340\u5225\uff0c\u4e5f\u6a21\u7cca\u4e86\u300c\u8ce3\u6deb\u300d\u8207\u300c\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5340\u5225\uff08Butcher 2001\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4eba\u5011\u5206\u6790\u570b\u5bb6\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u6642\u5019\u7e3d\u662f\u524d\u601d\u5f8c\u60f3\uff1a\u7a76\u7adf\u570b\u5bb6\u662f\u982d\u7b28\u91cd\u7684\u91ce\u7378\uff1f\u6216\u662f\u679a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u98db\u5f48\u80fd\u5feb\u901f\u57f7\u884c\u7279\u5225\u91dd\u5c0d\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u76e3\u8996\u3001\u7dad\u5b89\u53ca\u63a7\u7ba1\uff1f\u8981\u601d\u8003\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u5c31\u61c9\u8a72\u6ce8\u610f\u524d\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u570b\u5bb6\u6642\u6240\u7d2f\u7a4d\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u63d0\u9192\u8207\u6559\u8a13\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u4e26\u975e\u540c\u8cea\u6216\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5176\u5167\u90e8\u7684\u884c\u653f\u55ae\u4f4d\u548c\u5b98\u50da\u9ad4\u7cfb\u64c1\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u6709\u6642\u76f8\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\uff1b\u5176\u9818\u5c0e\u8207\u9802\u5c64\u4eba\u4e8b\u662f\u900f\u904e\u9078\u8209\u8207\u6307\u6d3e\u4f86\u66f4\u66ff\uff1b\u570b\u5bb6\u6703\u88ab\u5916\u5728\u65bc\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u6240\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u5982\u58d3\u529b\u5718\u9ad4\u3001\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7d44\u7e54\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5011\u6240\u52d5\u54e1\u7684\u5927\u6279\u5a92\u9ad4\uff1b\u800c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u8349\u64ec\u3001\u65bd\u884c\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u8981\u56de\u61c9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u548c\u9078\u6c11\u800c\u8b8a\u5f97\u8907\u96dc\u591a\u6a23\uff08Shore and Wright 1997; Shore, Wright, and Per\u00f2 2011; Parnell 2003; Nader 2003\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u60f3\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u500b\u5225\u570b\u5bb6\u8207\u570b\u969b\u4e4b\u9593\u5728\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u884c\u52d5\u4e0a\u7684\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u8b66\u544a\uff1a\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u4f5c\u70ba\u662f\u7121\u6cd5\u53ea\u7528\u6587\u672c\u4f86\u95b1\u8b80\u7684\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u5047\u8a2d\u6cd5\u689d\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u7b49\u65bc\u5176\u65bd\u884c\u548c\u6548\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4ee5\u70ba\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5b8c\u6574\u800c\u900f\u660e\u7684\u8868\u9054\u4e86\u4e5f\u8a18\u9304\u4e86\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u610f\u5716\u3002\u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u5728\u6587\u672c\u4e0a\uff0c\u610f\u5716\u5e38\u5e38\u770b\u4f86\u6e05\u695a\u4e14\u7121\u7834\u7dbb\uff08\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u610f\u5716\u548c\u57f7\u884c\u4e5f\u5c31\u770b\u4f86\u662f\u7121\u7e2b\u63a5\u8ecc\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u4ed4\u7d30\u7814\u7a76\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u4f5c\u70ba\uff0c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8207\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5be6\u65bd\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u5c55\u73fe\u51fa\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u73fe\u5be6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u570b\u5bb6\u5728\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u4e0a\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u5e72\u9810\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u8d85\u8d8a\u6587\u672c\u53bb\u7814\u7a76\u653f\u7b56\u8207\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u505a\u6cd5\u7576\u7136\u8f03\u70ba\u56f0\u96e3\u8cbb\u6642\uff08Yanow 1997; Shore and Wright 1997; Shore, Wright, and Per\u00f2 2011; Peters 2010\uff09\u3002\u5982\u540c\u8212\u514b\uff08Schuck\uff09\u89c0\u5bdf\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6642\u6240\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u9019\u4e9b\u65b7\u88c2\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u300c\u5beb\u5728\u66f8\u4e2d\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u300d\u3001\u300c\u7acb\u6cd5\u8005\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u300d\u8207\u300c\u5be6\u969b\u65bd\u884c\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u300d\uff0c\u4e09\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7e3d\u662f\u5929\u5dee\u5730\u9060\u7684\uff08Schuck 2000; Pound 1910\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51fa\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u591a\u5c64\u6b21\u7684\u52d5\u6a5f\u529b\u9053\u548c\u767c\u5c55\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u8207\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53ca\u653f\u7b56\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u9032\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9010\u6f38\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u5169\u500b\u610f\u7fa9\u6df1\u9060\u7684\u77db\u76fe\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u63a8\u884c\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u6cd5\u7684\u5021\u8b70\u8005\u548c\u5718\u9ad4\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u5169\u500b\u5f88\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u800c\u4e14\u6642\u5e38\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u52d5\u6a5f\u8207\u76ee\u6a19\uff1a\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u8981\u7d42\u6b62\u5973\u6027\u8ce3\u6deb\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u5247\u8981\u7d42\u6b62\u52de\u52d5\u525d\u524a\u3002\u9019\u500b\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u4fdd\u8b77\u6cd5\uff08TVPRA\uff09\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u904e\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u806f\u5408\u570b\u300a\u9810\u9632\u3001\u58d3\u5236\u53ca\u61f2\u6cbb\u8ca9\u904b\u4eba\u53e3\uff08\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5a66\u5973\u53ca\u5152\u7ae5\uff09\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u300b\u7684\u8d77\u8349\u548c\u7c3d\u7f72\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u986f(Chuang 2006; DeStefano 2006; Doezema 2005; Gallagher 2010)\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u7d42\u5169\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u59a5\u5354\u3001\u77db\u76fe\u3001\u8207\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7d93\u6b77\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u7acb\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u9b25\u722d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u7576\u773e\u591a\u570b\u5bb6\u57f7\u884c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6216\u7c3d\u7f72\u516c\u7d04\u963b\u6b62\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u6642\uff0c\u7d55\u5927\u591a\u6578\u90fd\u6703\u9078\u64c7\u5168\u9762\u5f37\u5316\u908a\u754c\u8207\u79fb\u6c11\u7684\u63a7\u7ba1\u3002\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u8de8\u570b\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\uff0c\u4f46\u56b4\u5bc6\u7684\u7ba1\u5236\u8de8\u5883\u79fb\u6c11\uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u5c0b\u6c42\u8d70\u79c1\u8005\u7684\u5354\u52a9(Busza 2004; Busza, Castle, and Diarra 2004; Global Alliance Against Traffic in Women 2007)\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u65b0\u9650\u5236\u653f\u7b56\u8207\u96a8\u5f8c\u589e\u9577\u7684\u8d70\u79c1\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u88fd\u9020\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u8106\u5f31\u3001\u7d55\u671b\u3001\u8207\u4f9d\u8cf4\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u52a9\u9577\u4e86\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u570b\u5bb6\u6cd5\u5f8b\u653f\u7b56\u4e2d\u7684\u6839\u672c\u77db\u76fe\u548c\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u8eb2\u5728\u4eae\u8655\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u6307\u5c0e\u624b\u518a\u300a\u5341\u4e8c\u7a2e\u4f6f\u88dd\u70ba\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u76e1\u5fc3\u529b\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u300b\u5c07\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u89e3\u78bc\u9019\u4e9b\u77db\u76fe\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5ee3\u50b3\u6975\u7aef\u8a87\u5927\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u6578\u64da\u4ee5\u8b49\u660e\u8a2d\u7f6e\u65b0\u6cd5\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u540c\u6642\u8981\u96b1\u779e\u7cbe\u78ba\u7684\u6578\u5b57\uff0c\u624d\u53ef\u80fd\u5275\u9020\u9a5a\u6050\u548c\u8feb\u5207\u611f\u4ee5\u99c1\u65a5\u5c0d\u65b0\u6cd5\u7684\u6279\u5224\u3002\u672c\u4f86\u7f8e\u570b\u8b70\u6703\u548c\u8a31\u591a\u5021\u8b70\u5718\u9ad4\u5927\u529b\u5ba3\u50b3\u6bcf\u5e74\u7d04\u670950,000\u540d\u300c\u5973\u6027\u8207\u5152\u7ae5\u300d\u88ab\u8ca9\u904b\u81f3\u7f8e\u570b\u906d\u53d7\u300c\u6027\u525d\u524a\u300d\uff08US Department of State 2002: 2\uff09\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u5be9\u8a08\u7f72\uff08Government Accountability Office\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u6279\u8a55\u5831\u544a\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6578\u64da\u6578\u5ea6\u88ab\u8abf\u964d\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u843d\u572814,500\u523017,500\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u88ab\u8ca9\u904b\u9032\u5165\u5404\u7a2e\u52de\u52d5\u7522\u696d\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\uff08US Government Accountability Office 2006; Feingold 2010; Shafer 2004; Gozdziak and Bump 2008\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\u672c\u4f86\u7684\u8a87\u5927\u6578\u64da\u5c31\u50cf\u6bba\u4e0d\u6b7b\u7684\u5438\u8840\u9b3c\u4e00\u6a23\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u65b7\u6d41\u50b3\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u6301\u7e8c\u7684\u8a87\u5927\uff0c\u6697\u793a\u8981\u8a2d\u8a08\u6709\u6548\u800c\u9069\u7576\u7684\u5e72\u9810\u5176\u5be6\u4e26\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u554f\u984c\u7684\u78ba\u5207\u72c0\u6cc1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u628a\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u90fd\u63cf\u7e6a\u6210\u88ab\u63a8\u5165\u706b\u5751\u7684\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u5c0d\u88ab\u8ca9\u904b\u9001\u5165\u5176\u4ed6\u52de\u529b\u525d\u524a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5927\u6279\u7537\u7537\u5973\u5973\u5247\u96bb\u5b57\u4e0d\u63d0\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u5973\u6027\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5075\u67e5\u7684\u8d70\u5411\u90fd\u504f\u5411\u88ab\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u662f2009\u5e74\u7f8e\u570b\u4ee5\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u8d77\u8a34\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u4e00\u534a\u662f\u8207\u6027\u7121\u95dc\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u525d\u524a\uff08United States Attorney General 2010: 48; Peters 2010\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u898b\u5f97\u52de\u52d5\u525d\u524a\u7684\u5ee3\u6cdb\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u628a\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u6846\u67b6\u70ba\u300c\u4eba\u6b0a\u554f\u984c\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u7528\u4eba\u6b0a\u7684\u5e38\u898f\u4fdd\u8b77\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u7528\u5211\u6cd5\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u898f\u7bc4\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u6cd5\u8207\u570b\u969b\u6cd5\u6709\u95dc\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u8655\u7f6e\u90fd\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5211\u6cd5[1]<\/a>\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u806f\u5408\u570b\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u539f\u5247\u5c31\u5305\u542b\u5728\u806f\u5408\u570b\u300a\u6253\u64ca\u8de8\u570b<\/em>\u6709\u7d44\u7e54\u72af\u7f6a<\/em>\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u5211\u6cd5\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u8d77\u8a34\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u7121\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u88ab\u8ca9\u904b\u8005\u4efb\u4f55\u6a5f\u5236\u8981\u6c42\u4eba\u6b0a\u4fdd\u8b77\u6216\u8005\u4eab\u53d7\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52d9\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u7531\u65bc\u88ab\u8ca9\u904b\u8005\u591a\u70ba\u975e\u6cd5\u5165\u5883\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7121\u6cd5\u898f\u907f\u88ab\u9a45\u9010\u51fa\u5883\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8ce3\u6deb\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u570b\u5bb6\u88e1\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u7f6a\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9019\u4e9b\u88ab\u8ca9\u904b\u8005\u5728\u62d8\u7559\u6240\u3001\u5e87\u8b77\u6240\u6216\u8005\u4e2d\u9014\u4e4b\u5bb6\u88e1\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u906d\u5230\u5f37\u5236\u548c\u8650\u5f85\uff08Haynes 2004; Gallagher and Pearson 2010\uff09\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\uff08\u6709\u4e9b\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\uff09\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5728\u5b57\u9762\u4e0a\u958b\u59cb\u627f\u8a8d\u5979\u5011\u70ba\u72af\u7f6a\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u5211\u6cd5\u70ba\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8108\u7d61\u9084\u662f\u8b93\u5979\u5011\u96e3\u9003\u9055\u6cd5\u8005\u7684\u7f6a\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u793e\u6703\u5c0d\u65bc\u7f6a\u72af\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u611f\u4e5f\u6703\u6b83\u53ca\u88ab\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u4eba\uff1b\u9019\u7a2e\u9053\u5fb7\u611f\u9084\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u5c0d\u65bc\u975e\u6cd5\u79fb\u6c11\u8207\u5a3c\u5993\u7684\u618e\u6068\u8207\u61f7\u7591\u800c\u52a0\u5287\u3002\u5211\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u5f88\u96e3\u8209\u8b49\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5927\u773e\u4ee5\u70ba\u5211\u6cd5\u662f\u6700\u6709\u529b\u7684\u57f7\u6cd5\u56de\u61c9\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u628a\u5927\u5200\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u628a\u5927\u5200\u537b\u5f88\u96e3\u51fa\u9798\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8981\u8b49\u660e\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u5f97\u51fa\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u548c\u610f\u5716\uff08Jordan 2002; Chuang 2006; Gallagher and Holmes 2008; Gallagher 2010; Haynes 2009\uff09\u30022010\u5e74\u6c11\u6b0a\u5c40\uff08Civil Rights Division\uff09\u8207\u7f8e\u570b\u6aa2\u5bdf\u7f72\uff08the US Attorneys\u2019 Offices\uff09\u8d77\u8a34\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u6848\u4ef6\u300c\u50c5\u6709\u300d52\u8d77\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6578\u5b57\u8207\u524d\u5e7e\u5e74\u6bd4\u8d77\u4f86\u9084\u7b97\u662f\u6709\u6240\u9032\u6b65<\/em>\uff08US Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division 2010: 6\uff09[2]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u5728\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u516c\u7d04\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4eba\u6b0a\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e26\u63cf\u8ff0\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u8b93\u9019\u4e9b\u689d\u6b3e\u7d81\u5b9a\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u662f\u9078\u64c7\u6027\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u806f\u5408\u570b\u7684\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u5c31\u5f37\u5236\u8981\u6c42\u52a0\u5f37\u72af\u7f6a\u9810\u9632\u3001\u72af\u7f6a\u8cc7\u6599\u5206\u4eab\u3001\u908a\u754c\u63a7\u7ba1\u3001\u8207\u8b66\u5bdf\u8a13\u7df4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u537b\u50c5\u50c5\u63a8\u85a6\u800c\u975e\u5f37\u5236\u7684\u70ba\u88ab\u8ca9\u904b\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u300c\u6b0a\u5229\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u670d\u52d9\u300d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u7d42\u6b62\u975e\u6cd5\u88ab\u8ca9\u904b\u8005\u81ea\u52d5\u88ab\u9a45\u9010\u51fa\u5883\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u8981\u6c42\u570b\u5bb6\u52a0\u5f37\u9632\u7bc4\u72af\u7f6a\u4ee5\u53ca\u570b\u8207\u570b\u4e4b\u9593\u72af\u7f6a\u8655\u7406\u6a5f\u95dc\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u5728\u570b\u5167\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u6cd5\u4e2d\u898f\u5b9a\u63d0\u4f9b\u88ab\u8ca9\u904b\u8005\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u552f\u4e8c\u570b\u5bb6\uff08\u7f8e\u570b\u70ba\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\uff09\u90fd\u5c07\u8fd1\u7528\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u9580\u6abb\u8a2d\u5f97\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u9700\u8981\u63a5\u53d7\u8b66\u65b9\u9577\u671f\u591a\u65b9\u8a0a\u554f\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u507d\u6848\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5fc5\u9808\u914d\u5408\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u5b50\u72af\u7f6a\u8d77\u8a34\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u904e\u7a0b\uff08Peters 2010; Haynes 2004, 2007\uff09\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u70ba\u88ab\u8ca9\u904b\u3001\u53d7\u82e6\u8207\u5275\u50b7\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u52d5\u54e1\u4e86\u793e\u6703\u95dc\u6ce8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u90fd\u7d71\u4e00\u88ab\u61f7\u7591\u662f\u5047\u88dd\u88ab\u5bb3\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u88ab\u540c\u60c5\u8207\u95dc\u611b\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u8eab\u9ad4\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u79d2\u5c31\u8f49\u8b8a\u6210\u70ba\u5371\u96aa\u7f6a\u72af\uff08Demleitner 2001; Ticktin 2011\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u516d\u3001\u85c9\u7531\u56b4\u683c\u9650\u5236\u77ed\u671f\u5c45\u7559\u8b49\uff08T-\u7c3d\u8b49\uff09\u7684\u901a\u904e\u6578\u91cf\uff0c\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5c0d\u65bc\u975e\u6cd5\u79fb\u6c11\u300c\u5077\u7528\u300d\u793e\u6703\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u5f37\u70c8\u653f\u6cbb\u6575\u610f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53e6\u65b9\u9762\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u61c9\u8a72\u88ab\u540c\u60c5\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u5f35\u529b\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u8a87\u5927\u7684\u6578\u5b57\u5ba3\u7a31\u6bcf\u5e74\u670950,000\u4eba\u88ab\u8ca9\u904b\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u67032000\u5e74\u8a8d\u53ef\u7684\u77ed\u671f\u505c\u7559\u7c3d\u8b49\uff08T-visas\uff09\u537b\u628a\u4e0a\u9650\u8a2d\u5b9a\u57285,000\u4efd\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u523b\u610f\u63d0\u9ad8\u53d6\u5f97\u7c3d\u8b49\u7684\u9580\u6abb\u3002\u4f9d\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u8a18\u9304\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u5118\u7ba12002\u52302009\u5e74\u4e4b\u9593\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9d\u6cd5\u767c\u51fa40,000\u4efdT\u5f0f\u7c3d\u8b49\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u537b\u53ea\u67091,591\u4efd\u6838\u51c6\uff08United States Attorney General\u2019s Annual Report 2010: 37-38\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e03\u3001\u628a\u4eba\u53e3\u72af\u904b\u8005\u63cf\u7e6a\u70ba\u570b\u969b\u72af\u7f6a\u9670\u8b00\u3001\u9ed1\u624b\u9ee8\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5e6b\u6d3e\u4efd\u5b50\u3002\u9019\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u806f\u5408\u570b\u7684\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u5b9a\u7fa9\u300c\u72af\u7f6a\u96c6\u5718\u300d\u70ba\u4e09\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e00\u8d77\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u72af\u7f6a\u884c\u70ba\uff08\u898b\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u7b2c4\u689d\uff0c\u8ffd\u96a8\u7684\u662f\u806f\u5408\u570b\u300a<\/em>\u6253\u64ca\u8de8\u570b<\/em>\u6709\u7d44\u7e54\u72af\u7f6a<\/em>\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u7b2c2\u689d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff09\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u78ba\u6709\u8de8\u570b\u7684\u5927\u578b\u72af\u7f6a\u96c6\u5718\u6d89\u5165\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u591a\u534a\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u88e1\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u89aa\u621a\u3001\u9130\u5c45\u548c\u670b\u53cb\u7d44\u6210\u7684\uff08\u6b63\u5982\u8cbb\u514b\u7d0d\u723e\u3014Fickenauer\u3015\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u8d70\u79c1\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u7d44\u7e54\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u300c\u7d44\u7e54\u6027\u72af\u7f6a\u300d\uff3b2001\u3015\uff09\u3002\u9019\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u5bb6\u4eba\u670b\u53cb\u4e4b\u9593\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\uff08\u5982\u300c\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u6240\u8a00\uff09\u7522\u751f\u525d\u524a\u8207\u8650\u5f85\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e9b\u884c\u52d5\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u5354\u52a9\u6539\u5584\u79fb\u6c11\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u72c0\u6cc1\u800c\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u60f3\u8981\u6709\u6548\u7684\u628a\u5211\u6cd5\u548c\u5236\u88c1\u65bd\u884c\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u6df1\u690d\u5728\u793e\u7fa4\u88e1\u7684\u773e\u591a\u5c0f\u898f\u6a21\u7db2\u7d61\u4e0a\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u524d\u666f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u516b\u3001\u6de1\u5316\u9f13\u52f5\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u51f8\u986f\u90aa\u60e1\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u5b50\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u52d5\u6a5f\uff08\u8caa\u5a6a\u3001\u6b0a\u529b\u3001\u51b7\u8840\u3001\u6068\u5973\uff09\u7684\u5206\u6790\u67b6\u69cb\u3002\u570b\u5bb6\u53ca\u5168\u7403\u6a5f\u69cb\u7db2\u7d61\u7684\u53ef\u898b\u884c\u52d5\uff08\u6216\u7121\u70ba\uff09\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u900f\u904e\u8ca1\u91d1\u548c\u7a05\u52d9\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5275\u9020\u4e14\u7dad\u7e6b\u4e86\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7d93\u6fdf\u67b6\u69cb\uff1b\u4e5f\u91dd\u5c0d\u8de8\u5883\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u3001\u5546\u54c1\u3001\u91d1\u9322\u6d41\u52d5\u5efa\u7f6e\u4e86\u5dee\u5225\u5f85\u9047\uff1b\u4e26\u5bb9\u8a31\uff08\u6216\u514d\u8cac\uff09\u52de\u52d5\u525d\u524a\uff08Feingold 2000; Kyle and Dale 2001; Friman and Andreas 1999; Koslowski 2001\uff09\u3002\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u8a08\u756b\u865f\u7a31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8655\u7406\u9020\u6210\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ba\u300c\u8ca7\u7aae\u300d\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f80\u9019\u500b\u65b9\u5411\u6240\u6339\u6ce8\u7684\u7d93\u8cbb\uff0c\u6bd4\u8d77\u5de1\u908f\u548c\u63a7\u7ba1\u908a\u5883\u7684\u7d93\u8cbb\uff0c\u771f\u662f\u5c11\u5f97\u53ef\u6190\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e5d\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u95dc\u6ce8\u88ab\u903c\u8feb\u8ca9\u904b\u5f9e\u4e8b\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u5c11\u5973\uff0c\u5c07\u5979\u5011\u63cf\u7e6a\u6210\u7121\u77e5\u800c\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u9a19\uff0c\u800c\u5ffd\u7565\u5728\u73fe\u5be6\u4e16\u754c\u88e1\uff0c\u610f\u5716\u88ab\u8d70\u79c1\u5165\u5883\u6295\u5165\u6027\u7522\u696d\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e26\u975e\u5168\u7136\u7121\u7d93\u9a57\u6216\u7121\u77e5\uff08Doezema 2000\uff09\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u63cf\u7e6a\u4f7f\u4eba\u89ba\u5f97\u53ea\u6709\u7121\u8f9c\u7684\u4eba\u503c\u5f97\u4fdd\u8b77\u548c\u4eab\u6709\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u9019\u986f\u7136\u9055\u53cd\u4e86\u300c\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u61c9\u53d7\u5230\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4fdd\u8b77\u300d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5247\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e9b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u662f\u300c\u7121\u8f9c\u300d\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e5f\u5c31\u6709\u6697\u793a\u67d0\u4e9b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u300c\u6709\u7f6a\u300d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5341\u3001\u5c07\u8ca9\u904b\u9032\u5165\u5f37\u5236\u8ce3\u6deb\u63cf\u8ff0\u6210\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u800c\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u5c31\u540c\u6642\u5f37\u8abf\u4e86\uff1a\u5c0d\u5973\u4eba\u6700\u5927\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u6027\u300d\uff08Miller and Vance 2004; Miller 2004\uff09\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u7a84\u5316\u7126\u9ede\u4e5f\u6de1\u5316\u4e86\u9032\u5165\u5176\u4ed6\u5404\u985e\u52de\u52d5\u7684\u88ab\u8ca9\u904b\u8005\u6240\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u56b4\u91cd\u525d\u524a\u8207\u50b7\u5bb3\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u96b1\u85cf\u8d77\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\uff1a\u6027\u8650\u5f85\u5f80\u5f80\u4e5f\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u9818\u57df\u88e1\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u624b\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u5c07\u570b\u5bb6\u53ca\u5176\u884c\u52d5\u8005\u5448\u73fe\u70ba\u82f1\u96c4\u8207\u6551\u96e3\u8005\u2500\u2500\u5373\u4f7f\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\u653f\u7b56\u5176\u5be6\u975e\u5e38\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u6ecb\u990a\u4e86\u4f7f\u5f97\u79fb\u6c11\u8106\u5f31\u6613\u50b7\u7684\u8d70\u79c1\u8207\u79fb\u6c11\u5165\u5883\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u570b\u5bb6\u57f7\u884c\u56b4\u53b2\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\u63a7\u7ba1\uff0c\u7533\u8acb\u8005\u5373\u4f7f\u5448\u4ea4\u4e86\u79fb\u6c11\u7533\u8acb\uff0c\u4e5f\u7121\u6cd5\u5b89\u5168\u8207\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\uff0c\u9023\u672a\u4f86\u90fd\u4e0d\u6562\u5962\u60f3\u3002\u8150\u6557\u7684\u908a\u5883\u5b98\u54e1\u53ca\u79fb\u6c11\u8b66\u5bdf\u5f80\u5f80\u8207\u8d70\u79c1\u72af\u548c\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u52d2\u7d22\u8207\u8650\u5f85\u975e\u6cd5\u79fb\u6c11\u3002\u800c\u5f88\u591a\u570b\u5bb6\u6703\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5100\u5f0f\u6027\u7684\u8b74\u8cac\u8ca9\u904b\uff0c\u4f46\u53e6\u65b9\u9762\u537b\u53c8\u5411\u975e\u6cd5\u79fb\u5de5\u62db\u624b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u525d\u524a\u5ec9\u50f9\u52de\u52d5\u529b\uff08Miller 2001; Chac\u00f3n 2006\uff09\u3002\u570b\u5bb6\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u52de\u52d5\u898f\u7bc4\u548c\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u6cd5\u6642\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u8aa0\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5341\u4e8c\u3001\u7576\u62ef\u6551\u8de8\u570b\u8ca9\u904b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u7121\u529f\u800c\u8fd4\u6642\u8981\u7acb\u523b\u91cd\u8d77\u7210\u7076\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6280\u5de7\uff08\u8a87\u5927\u6578\u64da\u3001\u50b3\u5a92\u6427\u60c5\u3001\u6e32\u67d3\u90aa\u60e1\u8207\u62ef\u6551\u7684\u6427\u60c5\u5287\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u628a\u7126\u9ede\u8f49\u5230\u727d\u6d89\u672a\u6210\u5e74\u8ce3\u6deb\u5c11\u5973\u7684\u300c\u570b\u5167\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u300d\uff0c\u5c11\u5973\u7684\u7537\u53cb\u8207\u53cb\u4eba\u5247\u7d71\u4e00\u88ab\u63cf\u7e6a\u70ba\u300c\u76ae\u689d\u5ba2\u300d\uff08Herbert 2006; Kristof 2009; NOW on PBS 2009; Priebe and Suhr 2005; Reid 2008\uff09\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u6558\u4e8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u5ea6\u5fa9\u7526\u60e1\u4eba\u7684\u5e7d\u9748\uff08\u5728\u672a\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u8ce3\u6deb\u4e2d\u7576\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u58de\u86cb\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u537b\u7565\u904e\u4e86\u570b\u5bb6\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u758f\u5931\uff1a\u570b\u5bb6\u6c92\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u793e\u6703\u670d\u52d9\u6216\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4f4f\u6240\u7d66\u7ff9\u5bb6\u6216\u7121\u5bb6\u7684\u5e74\u8f15\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6700\u5f8c\u5e7e\u500b\u7b56\u7565\u8b93\u4eba\u5206\u5fc3\u4e0d\u6ce8\u610f\u570b\u5bb6\u5728\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u4e0a\u6700\u6839\u672c\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u53ca\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u589e\u52a0\u6027\u8207\u9a37\u52d5\u300d\u7684\u6427\u60c5\u5287\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08Vance 1995: 330\uff09\u3002\u6427\u60c5\u5287\u662f\u500b\u72e1\u733e\u7684\u8001\u62db\uff0c\u7e3d\u662f\u7aef\u51fa\u7c21\u55ae\u800c\u6263\u4eba\u5fc3\u5f26\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\uff0c\u4f86\u8f49\u79fb\u5927\u773e\u76ee\u5149\u4e0d\u770b\u8907\u96dc\u548c\u77db\u76fe\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81ea\u5f9e\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u958b\u59cb\u7528\u901a\u4fd7\u5287\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\u4f86\u8aaa\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u6545\u4e8b\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u7248\u672c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u8b8a\u904e\uff08Brooks 1985; Redmond 1992; Stead 1885; Walkowitz 1992\uff09\u3002\u73fe\u4ee3\u7248\u7684\u901a\u4fd7\u5287\u5247\u4f7f\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u7c21\u5316\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u4f86\u8150\u8755\u570b\u969b\u6cd5\u7684\u9769\u65b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u518d\u5ea6\u88ab\u7b49\u540c\u8ce3\u6deb\uff08\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u81ea\u9858\u6216\u662f\u88ab\u8feb\uff09\uff0c\u88ab\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u4eba\u7e3d\u662f\u5973\u6027\u6216\u672a\u6210\u5e74\u5c11\u5973\uff0c\u5371\u96aa\u548c\u50b7\u5bb3\u90fd\u662f\u300c\u6027\u300d\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u7f6a\u884c\u5c0d\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u4efd\u5b50\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7834\u58de\u4e86\u793e\u6703\u8207\u9053\u5fb7\uff0c\u5c0d\u53cd\u5a3c\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u9055\u53cd\u4e86\u5973\u6027\u5e73\u6b0a\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u6263\u4eba\u5fc3\u5f26\u7684\u6558\u4e8b\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u6027\u5371\u96aa\u3001\u6232\u5287\u5f35\u529b\u3001\u8073\u52d5\u6427\u60c5\u3001\u6fc0\u60c5\u884c\u52d5\u3001\u760b\u72c2\u559d\u5f69\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u9762\u76ee\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u3001\u60e1\u5f92\u3001\u548c\u82f1\u96c4\u7b49\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u901a\u4fd7\u5287\u7e3d\u662f\u8b93\u4eba\u8457\u8ff7\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6709\u6548\u7684\u52d5\u54e1\u7fa4\u773e(Vance 2011)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5728\u6b64\u8209\u51fa\u4e09\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u5c3c\u53ef\u62c9\u65af\u2022\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u6258\u592b\uff08Nicholas Kristof\uff09\u5728\u300a\u7d10\u7d04\u6642\u5831\u300b\u4e0a\u6301\u7e8c\u64b0\u5beb\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u8ca9\u904b\u5f37\u8feb\u8ce3\u6deb\uff09\u7684\u5c08\u6b04\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u7d93\u5178\u4f8b\u5b50\u5c31\u662f2004\u5e74\u7684\u3008\u5973\u5b69\u51fa\u552e\u3009\uff08Girls For Sale\uff09\uff0c\u63cf\u5beb\u4e86\u7d72\u6fa7\u5922\uff08Srey Mom\uff09\u548c\u7d72\u6fa7\u5a1c\uff08Srey Neth\uff09\u9019\u5169\u500b\u5e74\u8f15\u7684\u67ec\u57d4\u5be8\u8ce3\u6deb\u5973\u5b69\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u8a18\u8005\u5c3c\u53ef\u8cb7\u4e0b\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u5e6b\u52a9\u5979\u5011\u8fd4\u56de\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u539f\u751f\u6751\u838a\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u9084\u4ee5\u9304\u50cf\u5f62\u5f0f\u8a18\u9304\u57282006\u5e74\u540d\u70ba\u3008\u5fc3\u788e\u8207\u5e0c\u671b\u3009\u7684\u8a18\u9304\u7247\u4e2d\u3002\u5176\u5f8c\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u5305\u62ec\uff1a2004\u5e74\u7684\u3008\u55aa\u5931\u7d14\u771f\u3009\uff08Loss of Innocence\uff09\u30012005\u5e74\u7684\u3008\u6027\u5974\uff1a\u628a\u76ae\u689d\u5ba2\u95dc\u8d77\u4f86\u3009\uff08Sex Slaves: Lock Up the Pimps\uff09\u30012006\u5e74\u7684\u3008\u597d\u5973\u5152\uff0c\u5728\u5a3c\u9928\u3009\uff08The Good Daughter, In a Brothel\uff09\u30012009\u5e74\u7684\u3008\u756b\u51fa\u5a3c\u9928\u7684\u5e95\u7dda\u3009\uff08Striking the Brothels\u2019 Bottom Line\uff09\u30012010\u5e74\u7684\u3008\u5973\u4eba\u3001\u5a3c\u5993\u3001\u5974\u96b8\u3009\uff08A Woman, A Prostitute, A Slave\uff09\u53ca\u3008\u8a98\u60d1\u3001\u5974\u96b8\u8207\u6027\u3009\uff08Seduction, Slavery, and Sex\uff09\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6a19\u984c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u8a18\u8005\u7684\u654f\u611f\u60c5\u7dd2\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u7684\u6427\u60c5\u5287\u5c08\u6b04\u5c0d\u65bc\u6240\u6709\u6279\u8a55\u90fd\u5168\u7136\u514d\u75ab\uff0c\u6301\u7e8c\u8907\u88fd\u4e86\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u5341\u5e74\u4e4b\u4e45\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f2005\u5e74\u540d\u70ba\u300a\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u5b50\u300b\uff08Human Trafficking\uff09\u7684\u96fb\u5f71\u900f\u904eLifetime\u5ee3\u64ad\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u64ad\u653e\u3002\u7531\u73fe\u5728\u88ab\u5c01\u70ba\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u5c08\u5bb6\u7684\u871c\u62c9\u7d22\u7dad\u8afe\uff08Mira Sorvino\uff09\u8207\u5510\u7d0d\u8607\u5fb7\u862d\uff08Donald Sutherland\uff09\u4e3b\u6f14\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u90e8\u96fb\u5f71\u4e2d\uff0c\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u842c\u7684\u5c11\u5973\u5f9e\u5979\u5011\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u88ab\u66b4\u529b\u8105\u8feb\u9032\u5165\u5730\u7344\u822c\u6b98\u66b4\u7684\u8ce3\u6deb\u751f\u6d3b\uff08Human Trafficking 2005\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u8fd1\u5f71\u661f\u9edb\u54aa\u6469\u723e\uff08Demi Moore\uff09\u8207\u827e\u897f\u9813\u5eab\u5947\uff08Ashton Kutcher\uff09\u767c\u8d77\u7684DNA\u57fa\u91d1\u6703\uff08\u6b64\u57fa\u91d1\u6703\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u53d6\u81ea\u65bc\u5169\u4eba\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u7e2e\u5bebD&A\uff09\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u60f3\u6253\u64ca\u5168\u7403\u5c0d\u5c11\u5973\u6027\u525d\u524a\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\uff08http:\/\/demiandashton.org\/; Stetler 2011\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u57fa\u91d1\u6703\u7db2\u9801\u4e0a\u300c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u6545\u4e8b\u300d\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u8aaa\u660e\u4e26\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u5973\u5b69\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u5bb6\u4e2d\u53d7\u5230\u6027\u8650\u5f85\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff08\u9019\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u66f4\u70ba\u5c0b\u5e38\u7684\u7570\u6027\u6200\u6232\u78bc\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u5305\u62ec\u88ab\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u8ce3\u6deb\u5c11\u5973\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7d93\u88ab\u5a92\u9ad4\u904e\u5ea6\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u8b70\u984c\uff08\u975e\u5bb6\u5ead\u5167\u3001\u964c\u751f\u4eba\u9593\u7684\u7570\u6027\u6200\uff09\u3002\u57fa\u91d1\u6703\u4e5f\u5ba3\u7a31\uff0c\u300c\u6bd4\u8d77\u5f80\u65e5\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u4eca\u65e5\u7684\u6027\u5974\u96b8\u66f4\u591a\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u96b1\u5bc6\u9580\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u4e3b\u8cfc\u8cb7\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5b8c\u5168\u533f\u540d\u3002\u300d\uff08\u201cDemi Moore\u201d 2010\uff09<\/p>\n

\u300c\u62ef\u6551\u300d\u662f\u7d93\u5178\u901a\u4fd7\u5287\u6700\u88ab\u671f\u5f85\u3001\u6700\u4ee4\u4eba\u5fc3\u6eff\u610f\u8db3\u7684\u9ad8\u6f6e\u74b0\u7bc0\uff0c\u9019\u548c\u570b\u5bb6\u900f\u904e\u5211\u6cd5\u548c\u4e0d\u65b7\u589e\u5f37\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u6b0a\u529b\u4f86\u62ef\u6551\u5973\u4eba\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u543b\u5408\u7684\u3002\u7121\u8655\u4e0d\u5728\u7684\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u901a\u4fd7\u5287\u56e0\u6b64\u5229\u7528\u300c\u7537\u6027\u6deb\u617e\u5371\u5bb3\u7121\u8f9c\u7d14\u771f\u5973\u4eba\u300d\u7684\u6232\u78bc\uff0c\u7f6e\u63db\u4e86\u6975\u7aef\u52de\u529b\u525d\u524a\u8207\u9055\u53cd\u52de\u5de5\u6b0a\u5229\u7b49\u7b49\u73fe\u4ee3\u6982\u5ff5\uff08Vance 2011\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u901a\u4fd7\u5287\u7684\u6558\u4e8b\u5f62\u5f0f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5f48\u6027\uff0c\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u6427\u60c5\u5287\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a2d\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u5834\u666f\u88e1\u2500\u2500\u5c3c\u6cca\u723e\u3001\u6469\u723e\u591a\u74e6\u3001\u5948\u53ca\u5229\u4e9e\u2500\u2500\u53ea\u8981\u7a0d\u7a0d\u7684\u63db\u4e00\u4e0b\u6232\u670d\u3001\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u666f\u8272\u3001\u89d2\u8272\u4eba\u540d\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5920\u8ce6\u4e88\u7576\u5730\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u986f\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u5beb\u5be6\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u901a\u4fd7\u5287\u597d\u50cf\u8a34\u6c42\u4e86\u67d0\u4e9b\u7576\u4ee3\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u5982\u5168\u7403\u5316\u3001\u8ca7\u7aae\u4ee5\u53ca\u6027\u5225\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u4f5c\u614b\u975e\u5e38\u7121\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u901a\u4fd7\u5287\u7d55\u5c11\u63a2\u7a76\u7279\u5b9a\u5730\u5340\u7576\u524d\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u793e\u6703\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u4e5f\u7e3d\u662f\u4e00\u85e5\u842c\u89e3\u5730\u63a8\u5ee3\u5230\u6240\u6709\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u901a\u4fd7\u5287\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2\u662f\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u570b\u5bb6\u3001\u6a5f\u69cb\u6216\u8005\u7d50\u69cb\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u500b\u5225\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8b49\u7d50\u69cb\u56e0\u7d20\u4e0d\u6703\u88ab\u51f8\u986f\uff08\u7d50\u69cb\u56e0\u7d20\u4e0d\u662f\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5287\u60c5\u9700\u8981\u7684\u60c5\u611f\uff09\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u5f37\u8abf\u500b\u4eba\u8207\u60e1\u6bd2\u7684\u52d5\u6a5f\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u53cd\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u5de5\u5177\u53ca\u898f\u7bc4\u4e5f\u76f8\u61c9\u5730\u504f\u597d\u5211\u6cd5\u548c\u5c0d\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u8d77\u8a34\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c31\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u540c\u6642\u662f\u982d\u7b28\u91cd\u7684\u91ce\u7378\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u679a\u6709\u6548\u7387\u7684\u98db\u5f48\uff1a\u5b83\u7b28\u91cd\u3001\u7121\u610f\u9858\uff0c\u4e5f\u7121\u80fd\u6539\u8b8a\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u5716\u5229\u8de8\u570b\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5b83\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u4fd7\u5287\u5287\u60c5\u4ee5\u53ca\u9ad8\u8abf\u800c\u865b\u507d\u7684\u4eba\u6b0a\u4fee\u8fad\u4f7f\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u96b1\u5f62\u6642\u537b\u662f\u9a5a\u4eba\u7684\u6709\u6548\u7387\u3002\u6700\u7d42\uff0c\u901a\u4fd7\u5287\u6a21\u7cca\u4e86\u570b\u5bb6\u5728\u5275\u9020\u6709\u5229\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u6642\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u5f97\u4ee5\u7528\u8207\u570b\u5bb6\u9ad4\u5236\u7121\u95dc\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u8005\u7576\u4f5c\u60e1\u4eba\uff0c\u628a\u6027\u7576\u4f5c\u72af\u7f6a\u52d5\u6a5f\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u516c\u4f48\u51fa\u4e00\u5806\u65e2\u7121\u6548\u53c8\u6975\u7aef\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u81f4\u8b1d\uff1a<\/strong>\u611f\u8b1d\u540d\u70ba\u8eab\u9ad4\u8207\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u4eba\uff0c\u6b64\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u65bc2011\u5e742\u670810\u300111\u65e5\u5728\u7d10\u7d04\u7684\u65b0\u5b78\u9662\uff08New School\uff09\u53ec\u958b\uff0c\u611f\u8b1d\u7de8\u8f2fArien Mack\u3001\u300a\u793e\u6703\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff08Social Research\uff09\u7684\u4e3b\u7de8Cara Schlesinger\u7684\u5e6b\u52a9\u4ee5\u53ca\u8010\u5fc3\uff0c\u8aa0\u5fc3\u611f\u8b1dAnn Snitow\u5728\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5354\u52a9\uff0c\u4e5f\u611f\u8b1dAlice Miller\u8207Alicia Peters\u5728\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u4e0a\u7684\u5e6b\u5fd9\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

 <\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> \u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u300a\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u4fdd\u8b77\u6cd5\u91cd\u65b0\u6388\u6b0a\u300b\uff08TVPRA\uff09\u4fee\u5b9a\u4e86\u5211\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u5feb\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u8005\u7684\u8d77\u8a34\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f37\u5236\u898f\u5b9a\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u6b64\u6cd5\u898f\u5b9a\u5fc5\u9808\u70ba\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u771f\u6b63\u88ab\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u793e\u6703\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u56e0\u8457\u300c\u6301\u7e8c\u5728\u5883\u5167\u300d\u800c\u80fd\u7559\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u7684T\u5f0f\u7c3d\u8b49\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u4e5f\u56e0\u70ba\u6b64\u6cd5\u800c\u6709\u6a5f\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c0d\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u8005\u63d0\u8d77\u544a\u8a34\u3002<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> \u6b64\u6578\u5b57\u4e26\u672a\u5305\u542b\u5b69\u7ae5\u6027\u8cb7\u8ce3\u6216\u8005\u662f\u570b\u5bb6\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5c64\u7d1a\u5c0d\u65bc\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u904b\u7684\u8d77\u8a34\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

References<\/strong><\/p>\n

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