{"id":2983,"date":"1998-10-03T23:35:29","date_gmt":"1998-10-03T15:35:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/?p=2983"},"modified":"2016-12-14T23:49:04","modified_gmt":"2016-12-14T15:49:04","slug":"%e6%83%85%e6%84%9f%e8%88%87%e9%85%b7%e5%85%92%e6%93%8d%e6%bc%94%ef%bc%88%e7%bf%bb%e8%ad%af%e6%a0%a1%e8%a8%82%ef%bc%89-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/1998\/10\/%e6%83%85%e6%84%9f%e8%88%87%e9%85%b7%e5%85%92%e6%93%8d%e6%bc%94%ef%bc%88%e7%bf%bb%e8%ad%af%e6%a0%a1%e8%a8%82%ef%bc%89-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u60c5\u611f\u8207\u9177\u5152\u64cd\u6f14\uff08\u7ffb\u8b6f\u6821\u8a02\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"\uff08\u9019\u662f\u9177\u5152\u7406\u8ad6\u91cd\u91cf\u7d1a\u5b78\u8005Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick\u53d7\u9080\u65bc1998\u5e7410\u67083\u65e5\u53c3\u52a0\u4e2d\u592e\u5927\u5b78\u6027\uff0f\u5225\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u4e3b\u8fa6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c46\u6027\uff0f\u5225\u653f\u6cbb\u8d85\u8584\u578b\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u8a0e\u6703<\/a>\u6240\u767c\u8868\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u6f14\u8b1bAffect and Queer Performativity\u3002\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u7531\u91d1\u5b9c\u84c1\u3001\u6d82\u61ff\u7f8e\u5408\u8b6f\uff0c\u4f55\u6625\u8564\u6821\u8a02\u3002\u6536\u5165\u300c\u9177\u5152\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u653f\u6cbb<\/a>\u300d\u5c08\u984c\uff0c\u300a\u6027\uff0f\u5225\u7814\u7a76\u300b3\u30014\u671f\uff1a\u980190-108\u3002\u5f15\u7528\u9801\u78bc\u8acb\u53c3\u898b\u4e0b\u65b9pdf\u9644\u6a94\u3002\uff09\uff08\u53f3\u5716\u70ba\u6703\u8b70\u73fe\u5834\uff0c\u7531Cindy Patton\u4ecb\u7d39Sedgwick.)<\/strong><\/span>[1]<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u5728\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u7684\u601d\u8003\u5c07\u7531\u8331\u8482\u7d72\uff0e\u82ad\u7279\u52d2(Judith Butler)\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u6027\u5225\u9ebb\u7169\u300b(Gender Trouble<\/em>)\u8ac7\u8d77\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u6211\u4e5f\u6703\u5c0d\u5979\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u8b66\u544a\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u82ad\u7279\u52d2\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u5728\u65bc\u5979\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8ad6\u8b49\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\u6027\u5225\u6700\u597d\u662f\u88ab\u7576\u6210\u4e00\u7a2e\u64cd\u6f14(performativity)\u4f86\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u500b\u8aaa\u6cd5\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u672c\u8eab\u5728\u64cd\u6f14(performatively)\u4e0a\u5c31\u501a\u8cf4\u65bc\u5b83\u88ab\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u70ba\u6b62\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5728\u65bc\uff1a\u5b83\u628a\u53cd\u672c\u8cea\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u7684\u6027\u5225\u8aaa\u6cd5\u63a8\u5411\u4e86\u8cea\u7591\u7684\u6fc0\u9032\u6975\u7aef\uff1b\u5b83\u80af\u5b9a\u53cd\u4e32\u7684\u8868\u6f14\u5be6\u8e10\u6709\u660e\u986f\u7684\u7368\u7279\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\u2500\u2500\u4e0d\u53ea\u4f5c\u70ba\u5177\u6709\u5f62\u5851\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6697\u55bb\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f5c\u70ba\u7570\u6027\u6200\u6027\u2215\u5225\u9ad4\u5236\u7121\u804a\u91cd\u8907\u81ea\u6211\u4f46\u662f\u537b\u540c\u6642\u5177\u6709\u985b\u8986\u9019\u500b\u9ad4\u5236\u6f5b\u529b\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u8a9e\uff1b\u5b83\u64f4\u5145\u4e86\u8ae7\u64ec(parody)\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u51f8\u986f\u8ae7\u64ec\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u6027\u5225\u6279\u5224\u8207\u6027\u5225\u6297\u722d\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff1b\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u5c07\u6232\u5287\u53ca\u6232\u5287\u8868\u6f14\u8996\u70ba\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\u548c\u60c5\u617e\u554f\u984c\u6642\u7684\u91cd\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u82f1\u570b\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5967\u65af\u6c40(J. L. Austin)\u57281965\u5e74\u7684How To Do Things With Words<\/em>\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5c07\u300c\u64cd\u6f14\u300d(performativity)\u9019\u500b\u5b57\u7d0d\u5165\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u904b\u7528\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u722d\u8b70\u6027\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u70ba\u660e\u6670\u7684\u3001\u547d\u540d\u5f88\u6070\u7576\u7684\u300c\u64cd\u6f14\u53e5\u300d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u7d93\u5178\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u5728How To Do Things With Words<\/em>\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u660e\u6670\u7684\u64cd\u6f14\u53e5\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u7fa4\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u6709\u6700\u597d\u7684\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u5011\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u770b\u5230\uff0c\uff08\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff09\u8aaa\u51fa\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u63cf\u8ff0\u6211\u5728\u505a\u3014\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3015\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5ba3\u544a\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff1b\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u8aaa\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u505a\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u300d\u3002\u660e\u6670\u7684\u64cd\u6f14\u53e5\u7bc4\u4f8b\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u7b54\u61c9\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6211\u6562\u6253\u8ced\u2026\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6211\u907a\u8d08\u2026\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6211\u547d\u540d\u2026\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6211\u62b1\u6b49\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6211\u5411\u4f60\u6311\u6230\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6211\u5224\u4f60\u2026\u300d\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u770b\u51fa\u9019\u4e9b\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4e4b\u8655\uff1a\u5728\u8aaa\u9019\u4e9b\u5b57\u53e5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e8b\u60c5\u5c1a\u672a\u767c\u751f\uff08\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u7b54\u61c9\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6216\u907a\u8d08\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u8aaa\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u8a71\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u767c\u751f\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u5c31\u662f\u7531\u8aaa\u51fa\u9019\u4e9b\u5b57\u53e5\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u9019\u7a2e\u6548\u61c9\uff0c\u4e5f\u7531\u65bc\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u548c\u6587\u6cd5\u5b78\u4e0a\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\uff0c\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u7a31\u547c\u9019\u985e\u53e5\u5b50\u70ba\u300c\u64cd\u6f14\u53e5\u300d(performatives)\uff1a\u9019\u4e9b\u53e5\u5b50\u55ae\u55ae\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u8a5e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u9054\u6210\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u2014\u2014\u9019\u985e\u53e5\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u8b8a\u4e8b\u7269\u3002\u9019\u500b\u89c0\u5ff5\u5c0d\u884c\u52d5\u6d3e\u7684\u6587\u5316\u7406\u8ad6\u7279\u5225\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u662f\u53ef\u60f3\u800c\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u5011\u4e5f\u5e0c\u671b\u55ae\u6191\u5b57\u53e5\u5c31\u6539\u8b8a\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u5728How To Do Things With Words<\/em>\u7684\u8ad6\u8b49\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u81ea\u5df1\u6700\u5f8c\u4e5f\u627f\u8a8d\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5340\u5206\u67d0\u4e00\u7fa4\u7279\u5b9a\u5b57\u53e5\u662f\u64cd\u6f14\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u53e5\u4e0d\u662f\u64cd\u6f14\u6027\u800c\u662f\u7d14\u6558\u8ff0\u6027\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b57\u53e5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u884c\u52d5\uff08\u4f7f\u67d0\u4e8b\u767c\u751f\uff09\u7684\u9762\u5411\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u6307\u6d89\u3001\u63cf\u7e6a\u7684\u6210\u4efd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u6211\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u77a7\u4e0d\u8d77\u59b3\u300d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u300c\u524d\u9662\u7684\u6a39\u8a72\u4fee\u526a\u4e86\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u985e\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u73fe\u72c0\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u8aaa\u9019\u4e9b\u5b57\u53e5\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u537b\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u67d0\u7a2e\u7d50\u679c\u2014\u2014\u7121\u8ad6\u9019\u4e9b\u7d50\u679c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u539f\u5148\u6240\u9810\u671f\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7a0d\u5fae\u5ef6\u4f38\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u8a00\u8aaa\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u9019\u7a2e\u6548\u679c\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u64cd\u6f14\u53e5\u7684\u7bc4\u7587\u6709\u6b64\u666e\u53ca\u5316\u7684\u50be\u5411\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u4ecd\u7136\u89ba\u5f97\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u67d0\u4e9b\u5728\u4e0a\u6587\u4e2d\u63d0\u904e\u7684\u660e\u6670\u64cd\u6f14\u53e5\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff08\u5982\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u4fdd\u8b49\u300d\u7b49\u7b49\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u7bc4\u7587\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff08\u4e0d\u904e\u986f\u7136\u662f\u500b\u754c\u9650\u6d6e\u52d5\u7684\u7bc4\u7587\uff09\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u6709\u9ede\u7528\u8655\u7684\u3002\u660e\u6670\u7684\u64cd\u6f14\u53e5\u5728\u53e5\u69cb\u4e0a\u3001\u8a9e\u610f\u4e0a\u3001\u53ca\u2215\u6216\u8108\u7d61\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5b83\u5011\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4ee5\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u7a31\u3001\u55ae\u6578\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u5f0f\u3001\u76f4\u8ff0\u53e5\u3001\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u4e3b\u52d5\u614b\u51fa\u73fe\uff1b\u5b83\u5011\u5e38\u5e38\u96c6\u4e2d\u65bc\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u898f\u5247\u3001\u6210\u898f\u6240\u638c\u7ba1\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6cd5\u5ead\u6216\u6709\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u6bd4\u8cfd\u904a\u6232\uff09\uff1b\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u901a\u5e38\u76f4\u63a5\u547d\u540d\u81ea\u8eab\u6b63\u5728\u64cd\u6f14\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u5047\u8a2d\u6211\u662f\u500b\u6cd5\u5b98\u800c\u6211\u8aaa\u300c\u5224\u4f60\u5165\u7344\u300d\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u7d50\u679c\u4fbf\u662f\u4f60\u5c31\u9019\u6a23\u88ab\u5224\u5211\u4e86\uff1b\u800c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u524d\u9662\u7684\u6a39\u8a72\u4fee\u526a\u4e86\u300d\uff0c\u4f60\u807d\u4e86\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u6709\u52d5\u6a5f\u53bb\u526a\u6a39\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u56e0\u6b64\u89ba\u5f97\u7169\u8e81\u800c\u885d\u56de\u623f\u9593\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u89ba\u5f97\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u8207\u4f60\u5b8c\u5168\u7121\u95dc\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u5728\u70ba\u64cd\u6f14\u53e5\u4e0b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u6642\u5c31\u5f88\u56b4\u8085\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u4e00\u76f4\u8a34\u6c42\u7684\u662f\u90a3\u500b\u300c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u7a31\u55ae\u6578\u73fe\u5728\u5f0f\u76f4\u8ff0\u4e3b\u52d5\u614b\u300d\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5a5a\u79ae\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u65b9\u9762\u4f7f\u5f97\u9019\u500b\u898f\u5b9a\u986f\u5f97\u5f88\u6709\u554f\u984c\u3002\u300c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u7a31\u55ae\u6578\u300d\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u64cd\u6f14\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u6709\u95dc\u80fd\u52d5\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027(agency)\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u5df2\u7d93\u958b\u59cb\u5e36\u4f86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8a6e\u91cb\u7684\u58d3\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u65e2\u7136\u500b\u4eba\u548c\u7fa4\u9ad4\u90fd\u56e0\u8457\u6709\u529b\u7684\u8a00\u8aaa\u884c\u52d5\u6216\u7dd8\u9ed8\u800c\u9ad4\u73fe\u3001\u5354\u5546\u3001\u6c7a\u88c2\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u500b\u4eba\u548c\u7fa4\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7d30\u7dfb\u7684\u8aaa\u660e\u3002\u7531\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\u7684\u5f8c\u73fe\u4ee3\u89e3\u69cb\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5206\u6790\u9060\u8d85\u904e\u4ed6\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u3002\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u53ea\u6709\u4eba\u624d\u80fd\u64cd\u6f14\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u5f88\u660e\u986f\u7684\uff0c\u8a00\u8aaa\u8005\u5c31\u662f\u64cd\u6f14\u8005\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u5085\u67ef\u5b78\u8aaa\u3001\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u5b78\u6d3e\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u5b78\u3001\u89e3\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7b49\u7b49\u65b0\u8fd1\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u62a8\u64ca\u300c\u5f88\u660e\u986f\u7684\u300d\u9019\u7a2e\u770b\u4f3c\u7406\u6240\u7576\u7136\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002\u7279\u5225\u5728\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u5316\u64cd\u6f14\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u64cd\u6f14\u6240\u727d\u6d89\u5230\u7684\u80fd\u52d5\u4e3b\u9ad4\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u6709\u6b0a\u529b\u8aaa\u300c\u6211\u5224\u59b3\u5165\u7344\u300d\u9019\u7a2e\u8a71\u7684\u500b\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u662f\u570b\u5bb6\u3001\u6559\u6703\u3001\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u8d85\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u3002\u7528\u500b\u6975\u7aef\u7684\u8a6e\u91cb\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4ee5\u70ba\u6230\u722d\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u500b\u5225\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u5ba3\u6230\u884c\u70ba\u800c\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u5462\uff01<\/p>\n

\u8981\u662f\u628a\u5a5a\u79ae\u7576\u4f5c\u6700\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u6703\u5f15\u8d77\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u95dc\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u7a31\u55ae\u6578\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u6309\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u300c\u6211\u9858\u610f\u300d\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u8a5e\u300c\u6211\u300d\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u66ab\u6642\u7684\u300c\u6211\u300d\uff0c\u7d42\u7a76\u8981\u8b8a\u6210\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u7a31\u8907\u6578\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u2014\u2014\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7576\u4ed6\u6216\u5979\u540c\u610f\u6210\u70ba\u516c\u773e\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u3001\u8de8\u8d8a\u6027\u5225\u7684\u300c\u6211\u5011\u300d\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u6642\uff0c\u300c\u6211\u9858\u610f\u300d\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u6211\u300d\u624d\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u5a5a\u79ae\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u958b\u59cb\u8cea\u7591\u2500\u2500\u96d6\u7136\u5b83\u7981\u6b62\u6211\u5011\u8cea\u7591\u2500\u2500\u90a3\u500b\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u7a31\u8a00\u8aaa\u3001\u884c\u52d5\u3001\u6307\u7a31\u4e3b\u9ad4\u662f\u900f\u904e\u4f55\u7a2e\u660e\u986f\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u88ab\u5efa\u69cb\u7684\uff1b\u9019\u500b\u5efa\u69cb\u904e\u7a0b\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u96c6\u9ad4\u7684\u300c\u4ed6\u5011\u300d\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u7d93\u7531\u8a34\u8af8\u570b\u5bb6\u6b0a\u529b\u3001\u7d93\u7531\u5176\u4ed6\u5728\u5834\u300c\u8b49\u4eba\u5011\u300d\u5e73\u975c\u7684\u53ec\u559a\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u7d93\u7531\uff08\u7570\u6027\u6200\uff09\u88dc\u5145\u908f\u8f2f(logic of the heterosexual supplement)\u4fdd\u8b49\u500b\u4eba\u80fd\u52d5\u4e3b\u9ad4\u878d\u5165\u8de8\u6027\u5225\u96d9\u908a\u5c0d\u8a71\u4f86\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u800c\u300c\u6211\u300d\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u4e8b\u4e0a\u300c\u505a\u300d\u6216\u8005\u300c\u6709\u300d\u80fd\u52d5\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5100\u5f0f\u6027\u7684\u63a9\u84cb\u5b83\u548c\u570b\u5bb6\u53ca\u6559\u6703\u2500\u2500\u9019\u5169\u8005\u6c92\u6709\u5408\u7528\u7684\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u2500\u2500\u7684\u591a\u91cd\u8a8d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u8a00\u800c\u81ea\u660e\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5a5a\u79ae\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u7576\u7136\u6703\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5074\u9762\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4e0a\u78b0\u89f8\u5230\u9177\u5152\u8b80\u8005\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u81ea\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u9177\u5152\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u62d2\u65a5\u6216\u6298\u5c04\u7570\u6027\u6200\u88dc\u5145\u908f\u8f2f\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u7570\u6027\u6200\u88dc\u5145\u908f\u8f2f\u6240\u62d2\u65a5\u6216\u6298\u5c04\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u6703\u53bb\u91cd\u8907\u5f37\u5316\u9019\u500b\u7570\u6027\u6200\u88dc\u5145\u908f\u8f2f\u3002\u540c\u6a23\u7684\uff0c\u9177\u5152\u5011\u8207\u570b\u5bb6\u6b0a\u529b\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u8a8d\u53ef\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e5f\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u7c21\u55ae\u3001\u4e0d\u6109\u5feb\u3001\u4e0d\u7406\u6240\u7576\u7136\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u7981\u6b62\u3001\u7955\u5bc6\u3001\u516c\u958b\u5728\u6050\u540c\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u540c\u6027\u6200\u6b77\u53f2\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u9177\u5152\u6027\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u7e7c\u7e8c\u4ee5\u5225\u4eba\u770b\u4f86\u4e0d\u5b89\u5206\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u7a31\u3001\u55ae\u6578\u3001\u4e3b\u52d5\u614b\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f4\u8ff0\u53e5\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u5c0d\u9177\u5152\u64cd\u6f14\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9810\u8a2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u500b\u66fe\u7d93\u6399\u624e\u8457\u544a\u8a34\u670b\u53cb\u548c\u5bb6\u4eba\u6211\u5011\u611b\u4ed6\u5011\u4f46\u662f\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u60f3\u53c3\u52a0\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5a5a\u79ae\u7684\u9177\u5152\uff0c\u90fd\u6253\u5fc3\u5e95\u77e5\u9053\u5a5a\u79ae\u5100\u5f0f\u6240\u53ec\u559a\u7684\u5f37\u8feb\u4f5c\u8b49\u5145\u6eff\u4e86\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u6fc0\u76ea\u52d5\u529b\u3002\u5f37\u8feb\u4f5c\u8b49\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u8aaa\u59b3\u4e0d\u80fd\u7f3a\u5e2d\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u9019\u500b\u539f\u59cb\u5178\u578b\u7684\u64cd\u6f14(prototypical performative)\u6703\u767c\u52d5\u66f4\u8c50\u539a\u7684\u300c\u4f5c\u8b49\u300d\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u8b49\u4eba\u793e\u7fa4\u7684\u5efa\u69cb\uff0c\u6210\u5c31\u4e86\u5a5a\u79ae\uff1b\u8b49\u4eba\u7684\u5664\u8072\uff0c\u9ed8\u8a31\u4e86\u5a5a\u79ae\uff08\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u4e0d\u51fa\u8072\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f8c\u5c31\u6c38\u9060\u4e0d\u80fd\u51fa\u8072\u4e86\uff09\uff1b\u300c\u6211\u5011\u5728\u5834\u300d\u9019\u500b\u8d64\u88f8\u88f8\u7684\u3001\u6d88\u6975\u7684\u3001\u6709\u529b\u4f46\u4e0d\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u8a00\u8aaa\u884c\u70ba\u2500\u2500\u6216\u8a31\u7279\u5225\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u5a5a\u59fb\u9ad4\u5236\u6392\u64e0\u653e\u9010\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u51fa\u5e2d\u2500\u2500\u5c31\u8a8d\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e5f\u6490\u8d77\u4e86\u5a5a\u59fb\u7279\u6b0a\u7684\u6b63\u7576\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u7684\u64cd\u6f14\u6982\u5ff5\u4e2d\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5c0d\u6027\u5225\u6279\u5224\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f86\u8aaa\u90fd\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u5118\u7ba1\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u5e0c\u671b\u540c\u6642\u95dc\u7167\u8a9e\u8a00\u64cd\u6f14\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5c64\u9762\u548c\u901a\u5247\u5c64\u9762\uff0c\u5728\u5fb7\u5e0c\u9054(Jacques Derrida)\u548c\u82ad\u7279\u52d2(Judith Butler)\u7b49\u300c\u5f8c\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u300d(post-Austinian)\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u5b78\u53ca\u6027\u5225\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u8ecc\u8de1\u5728\u8a0e\u8ad6\u64cd\u6f14\u6642\uff0c\u537b\u90fd\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u504f\u5411\u901a\u5247\u7684\u5c64\u9762\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u504f\u96e2\uff08\u6240\u8b02\u7684\uff09\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6642\u523b\u6216\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u885d\u52d5\u3002\u300c\u64cd\u6f14\u300d(performativity)\u6240\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u8a9e\u8a00\u5982\u4f55\u5efa\u69cb\u6216\u5f71\u97ff\u73fe\u5be6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u55ae\u55ae\u63cf\u8ff0\u73fe\u5be6\uff1b\u5728\u9019\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u89e3\u69cb\u7406\u8ad6(deconstruction theory)\u548c\u6027\u5225\u7406\u8ad6(gender theory)\u4f3c\u4e4e\u90fd\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u628a\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u7684\u64cd\u6f14\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5f9e\u5b83\u90a3\u5e7e\u500b\u6216\u5e7e\u7a2e\u7bc4\u4f8b\u53e5\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u62bd\u96e2\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u628a\u5b83\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u7576\u6210\u6240\u6709\u8a9e\u8a00\u6216\u8ad6\u8ff0\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u3002\u4f60\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u8af7\u523a\u7684\u8aaa\uff0c\u5fb7\u5e0c\u9054\u56de\u61c9\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u7684\u660e\u6670\u64cd\u6f14\u53e5\u793a\u7bc4\u6642\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u53ef\u662f\u9019\u5176\u4e2d\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8a9e\u8a00\u90fd\u662f\u64cd\u6f14\u7684\u300d\u3002\u82ad\u7279\u52d2\u5c31\u66f4\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u4e86\uff0c\u5979\u5e7e\u4e4e\u662f\u5728\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u4e0d\u53ea\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u64cd\u6f14\u6700\u4e0d\u6e05\u6670\u53ef\u898b\u6642\uff0c\u624d\u6700\u5177\u64cd\u6f14\u6027\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u722d\u8faf\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u5b57\u53e5\u4e2d\u9ad4\u73fe\u7684\u64cd\u6f14\uff0c\u624d\u771f\u7684\u6700\u5177\u64cd\u6f14\u6027\u3002\u300d\u82ad\u7279\u52d2\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u751a\u81f3\u5047\u8a2d\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6700\u5177\u751f\u7522\u529b\u7684\uff08\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff09\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f86\u4e86\u89e3\u6240\u6709\u7684\u518d\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n

\u89e3\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\u548c\u6027\u5225\u7406\u8ad6\u90fd\u63f4\u7528\u4e86\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u7684\u64cd\u6f14\u7406\u8ad6\u4f86\u670d\u52d9\u90a3\u500b\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7c97\u7565\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u53cd\u672c\u8cea\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d(anti-essentialism)\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u4e8b\u696d\u3002\u6027\u5225\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\u76ee\u524d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u53cd\u672c\u8cea\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7248\u672c\u5927\u591a\u5f15\u7528\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u3001\u845b\u862d\u897f\u548c\u5085\u67ef\u7684\u5b78\u8aaa\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u7dad\u6301\u58d3\u8feb\u73fe\u72c0\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7dad\u6301\u4e00\u7a2e\u5e7b\u8c61\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u4ee5\u70ba\u73fe\u72c0\u662f\u7121\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u3001\u5408\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u70ba\u73fe\u72c0\u5c55\u73fe\u4e86\u500b\u4eba\u8eab\u5206\u4e0d\u53ef\u8b8a\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u2500\u2500\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ee5\u70ba\u73fe\u72c0\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u6700\u8fd1\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff1a\u300c\u7d00\u5f8b(discipline)\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5f37\u800c\u6709\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u7d00\u5f8b\u770b\u4f3c\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5f37\u8feb\u300d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7167\u9019\u500b\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u300c\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u5c31\u50cf\u6b77\u53f2\u5206\u6790\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5728\u65bc\u5b83\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u6311\u6230\u6709\u95dc\u300e\u81ea\u7136\u300f\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\u300d\u3002\u5728\u9019\u500b\u8aaa\u6cd5\u88e1\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8a9e\u8a00\u548c\u8ad6\u8ff0\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u6f14\uff0c\u5728\u65bc\u5b83\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u53bb\u8cea\u7591\u9019\u4e9b\u81ea\u7136\u5efa\u69cb\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u8b49\u81ea\u660e\u3001\u770b\u4f3c\u5408\u7406\u3001\u8c8c\u4f3c\u771f\u76f8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u6027\u5225\u9ebb\u7169\u300b\u6df1\u5177\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7684\u7d50\u8a9e\u4e2d\uff0c\u82ad\u7279\u52d2\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6574\u5957\u8ad6\u8b49\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u9664\u9b45\u5316(demystification)\u548c\u53bb\u81ea\u7136\u5316(denaturalization)\u662f\u300c\u5973\u540c\u6027\u6200\u548c\u7537\u540c\u6027\u6200\u5be6\u8e10\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u614b\u6027\u7684\u7126\u9ede\u300d\u3002\u5728\u8a0e\u8ad6\u53cd\u4e32\u64cd\u6f14\u6642\uff0c\u5979\u8aaa\u53cd\u4e32\u300c\u6697\u6697\u7684\u986f\u9732\u4e86\u6027\u5225\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5023\u64ec\u67b6\u69cb\u300d\uff0c\u5728\u53cd\u4e32\u4e2d\uff0c\u300c\u6211\u5011\u770b\u898b\u6027\u548c\u6027\u5225\u900f\u904e\u64cd\u6f14\u800c\u53bb\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u4e86\u300d\uff1b\u300c\u6027\u5225\u8ae7\u64ec\u986f\u9732\u4e86\u539f\u521d\u7684\u8eab\u5206\u2026\u2026\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6a21\u5023\u300d\u3002\u82ad\u7279\u52d2\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6027\u5225\u64cd\u6f14\u6703\u6f14\u51fa\u4e26\u986f\u9732\u6027\u5225\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u64cd\u6f14\u6027\u300d\uff1b\u300c\u8ae7\u64ec\u7684\u91cd\u8907\u2026\u2026\u63ed\u767c\u4e86\u6c38\u4e45\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u865b\u5e7b\u6548\u529b\u300d\uff1b\u300c\u6027\u5225\u7684\u64ec\u4eff\u91cd\u8907\u63ed\u767c\u4e86\u2026\u2026\u6027\u5225\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u865b\u5e7b\u300d\uff1b\u300c\u300e\u81ea\u7136\u300f(the natural)\u7684\u8a87\u5927\u5c55\u793a\u2026\u2026\u986f\u9732\u4e86\u6027\u5225\u8a8d\u540c\u6839\u672c\u7684\u865b\u5e7b\u72c0\u614b\u300d\uff0c\u4e5f\u300c\u63ed\u767c\u4e86\u6027\u5225\u8a8d\u540c\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u7279\u8cea\u300d\u3002\uff08\u9ed1\u9ad4\u662f\u6211\u52a0\u4e0a\u53bb\u7684\uff09<\/p>\n

\u8ac7\u5230\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u505c\u4e0b\u4f86\u8cea\u7591\u9019\u689d\u6df1\u5177\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8def\u7dda\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5047\u8a2d\u3001\u758f\u6f0f\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f8c\u679c\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u4ee4\u4eba\u8cea\u7591\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u9019\u4e00\u6d3e\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5c0d\u6240\u8b02\u77e5\u8b58\u672c\u8eab\u2500\u2500\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u300c\u63ed\u767c\u300d\u70ba\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u2500\u2500\u6709\u8457\u7121\u6bd4\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u61f7\u7591\u662f\u5426\u9084\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u77e5\u8b58\u4efd\u5b50\u50cf\u9019\u4e9b\u6700\u5fe0\u8c9e\u7684\u53cd\u672c\u8cea\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5c08\u5fc3\u4e00\u610f\u7684\u601d\u8003\u672c\u8cea\u771f\u7406\u548c\u865b\u5047\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1b\u9019\u4e9b\u53cd\u672c\u8cea\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u89ba\u5f97\uff0c\u8b49\u660e\u4e00\u500b\u64cd\u6f14\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u662f\u8ae7\u64ec\u3001\u6216\u8005\u967d\u5177\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u9670\u8396\uff0c\u6709\u8457\u5e7e\u4e4e\u795e\u5947\u7684\u6548\u61c9\u3002\u8aaa\u771f\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u5728\u53cd\u672c\u8cea\u4e3b\u7fa9\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b78\u4e4b\u4e0b\u552f\u4e00\u80fd\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u554f\u984c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5c31\u662f\u672c\u8cea\u771f\u7406\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53cd\u672c\u8cea\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5c0d\u300c\u63ed\u767c\u300d\u6240\u62b1\u6301\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u8207\u90a3\u500b\u88ab\u4eba\u904e\u5206\u8a87\u5927\u3001\u9a45\u52d5\u5927\u591a\u6578\u6027\u5225\u6279\u5224\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b78\u7684\u300c\u61f7\u7591\u95e1\u91cb\u5b78\u300d(hermeneutic of suspicion)\u914d\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u6642\u771f\u662f\u6709\u9ede\u602a\u7570\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6027\u5225\u6279\u5224\u6703\u8b93\u6211\u60f3\u5230\u8def\u4e0a\u5076\u723e\u770b\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u6709\u88ab\u8feb\u5bb3\u5984\u60f3\u75c7\u7684\u6d41\u6d6a\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u96d6\u7136\u8a8d\u70ba\u57ce\u5e02\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u80cc\u53db\u5979\u5011\u3001\u60f3\u7b97\u8a08\u5979\u5011\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u537b\u53c8\u5f88\u4fe1\u4efb\u5730\u50ac\u4fc3\u59b3\u770b\u770b\u5979\u5011\u7684\u5bf6\u8c9d\u6587\u4ef6\u593e\u7576\u4e2d\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e9\u5df2\u7ffb\u721b\u4e86\u7684\u6a94\u6848\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u660e\u986f\u7684\u5c0d\u4e00\u5207\u5b58\u7591\uff0c\u61f7\u7591\u95e1\u91cb\u5b78\u9084\u662f\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u9019\u4e00\u6b21\u7d42\u7a76\u80fd\u5920\u8b93\u4eba\u771f\u6b63\u5730\u77ad\u89e3\u9019\u500b\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u5927\u529f\u544a\u6210\u4e86\uff1b\u5979\u5011\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u89ba\u5f97\u4e00\u500b\u5df2\u7d93\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u555f\u8499\u7684\u807d\u8005\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u51b7\u6f20\u6216\u6575\u610f\uff0c\u6216\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u5e6b\u4e0d\u4e0a\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5fd9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u8a6e\u91cb\u4e8b\u696d(interpretive project)\u80fd\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u80fd\u8010\u4f86\u63ed\u767c\u96b1\u85cf\u7684\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u90fd\u6709\u8cf4\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u5f9e\u958b\u59cb\u5c31\u975e\u96e3\u66b4\u529b\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u96b1\u779e\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8108\u7d61\u2500\u2500\u5c31\u50cf\u5085\u67ef\u65e9\u5e74\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u8aaa\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\u3002\u8981\u662f\u63db\u4e86\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u6642\u5019\u90fd\u6709\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u56db\u5341\u7684\u5e74\u8f15\u9ed1\u4eba\u7537\u6027\u5728\u670d\u5211\uff0c\u90a3\u53c8\u4f55\u5fc5\u518d\u8cbb\u4e8b\u53bb\u63ed\u767c\u6b0a\u529b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8a08\u8b00\u5462\uff1f\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u4ee5\u53ca\u570b\u969b\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u96d6\u7136\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u96b1\u85cf\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u63ed\u767c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u6642\u4ee3\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u898b\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u5f62\u5f0f\u73fe\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u88ab\u7576\u6210\u5178\u7bc4\u5f0f\u7684\u5947\u89c0\u4f86\u5448\u73fe\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7b49\u5f85\u88ab\u4eba\u63ed\u767c\u7684\u919c\u805e\u7955\u5bc6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\u7684\u5211\u6c42\u548c\u5931\u8e64\u4eba\u53e3\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u6ce2\u58eb\u5c3c\u4e9e\u5229\u7528\u96c6\u9ad4\u5f37\u66b4\u4f86\u7576\u4f5c\u7a2e\u65cf\u6de8\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u4eba\u6b0a\u722d\u8b70\u6240\u6a19\u8a8c\u7684\u2500\u2500\u4e0d\u662f\u63ed\u767c\u904e\u53bb\u88ab\u96b1\u85cf\u7684\u6216\u662f\u5df2\u7d93\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u4e86\u7684\u5be6\u8e10(practice)\u2500\u2500\u800c\u662f\u53ef\u898b\u5ea6\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6846\u67b6\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u89d2\u529b\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u6642\u4f5c\u70ba\u793a\u7bc4\u548c\u5947\u89c0\u3001\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u5c0d\u8c61\u3001\u7528\u4f86\u5411\u7279\u5b9a\u793e\u7fa4\u7684\u6210\u54e1\u8b66\u544a\u6216\u9032\u884c\u6050\u6016\u7d71\u6cbb\u7684\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u8981\u5c0d\u6297\u90a3\u4e9b\u60f3\u8981\u7f6e\u63db\u548c\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u5411\uff08\u66f4\u8981\u64f4\u6563\uff09\u66b4\u529b\u53ef\u898b\u5ea6\u8996\u89d2\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u89e3\u69cb\u548c\u6027\u5225\u6279\u5224\u5be6\u8e10\u9084\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u9762\u5c0d\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ee5\u53ef\u898b\u5ea6\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e3b\u8981\u66b4\u529b\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5f62\u69cb\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u4ee5\u61f7\u7591\u548c\u63ed\u767c\u70ba\u4e3b\u8981\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u95e1\u91cb\u5b78\u6703\u8aaa\u4e9b\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u7f8e\u570b\u5357\u90e8\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5dde\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u6062\u5fa9\u7f6a\u72af\u96c6\u9ad4\u6234\u624b\u92ac\u8173\u9410\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u5728\u65bc\u8981\u6c42\u7f6a\u72af\u505a\u82e6\u5de5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u6c42\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u516c\u773e\u7684\u6ce8\u8996\u4e0b\u505a\uff1b\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f8e\u570b\u516c\u6c11\u5728\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u906d\u53d7\u6756\u5211\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u5167\u5c0d\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u5f0f\u6b63\u7fa9\u7684\u95dc\u5207\u71b1\u6f6e\uff0c\u9019\u986f\u793a\u5927\u5bb6\u9010\u6f38\u5728\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u7a2e\u611f\u89ba\uff0c\u89ba\u5f97\u5ee3\u70ba\u5ba3\u50b3\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\u6c61\u540d\u6050\u6015\u6b63\u662f\u5c0d\u4ed8\u53db\u9006\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u8655\u65b9\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u8f49\u8b8a\u6307\u6a19\uff1a\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u5f9e\u524d\u662f\u53cd\u5c0d\u6b7b\u5211\u7684\u4eba\u4e3b\u5f35\u5982\u679c\u8981\u6709\u6b7b\u5211\u5c31\u61c9\u8a72\u516c\u958b\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u63ed\u767c\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u96b1\u85cf\u8457\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u4e26\u4f7f\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u89c0\u770b\u8005\u89ba\u5f97\u7f9e\u8fb1\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u73fe\u5728\u518d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u53cd\u5c0d\u6b7b\u5211\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u52dd\u5229\u7684\u91ce\u5fc3\u6f32\u7d05\u4e86\u81c9\u7684\u6b7b\u5211\u5566\u5566\u968a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u6700\u5408\u9069\u7684\u884c\u5211\u5730\u9ede\u662f\u5728\u96fb\u8996\u4e0a\u3002\u6587\u5316\u6279\u5224\u8005\u8cbb\u76e1\u5fc3\u6a5f\u7df4\u6210\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u5728\u7e31\u5bb9\u7684\u8868\u8c61\u4e4b\u4e0b\u63ed\u767c\u58d3\u8feb\u548c\u8feb\u5bb3\u7684\u96b1\u7955\u75d5\u8de1\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u523b\u9084\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u50f9\u503c\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u53cd\u672c\u8cea\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5c0d\u65bc\u300c\u63ed\u767c\u300d(exposure)\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u4f3c\u4e4e\u9084\u4f9d\u8cf4\u89c0\u773e\u7fa4\u8981\u5177\u5099\u7121\u9650\u91cf\u7684\u5929\u771f\u7121\u90aa\u3002\u5230\u5e95\u5728\u4ec0\u9ebc\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5047\u8a2d\u4eba\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u767c\u73fe\u67d0\u500b\u793e\u6703\u73fe\u8c61\u662f\u4eba\u9020\u7684\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u3001\u6a21\u5023\u7684\u3001\u5e7b\u8c61\u7684\u3001\u6216\u751a\u81f3\u66b4\u529b\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5927\u70ba\u5403\u9a5a\u6216\u611f\u89ba\u56f0\u64fe\uff1fPeter Sloterdijk\u66fe\u7d93\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u72ac\u5112\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6216\u300c\u88ab\u555f\u8499\u7684\u865b\u5047\u610f\u8b58\u300d(enlightened false consciousness)\u2500\u2500\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u77e5\u865b\u5047\u7684\u865b\u5047\u610f\u8b58\uff0c\u300c\u5176\u865b\u5047\u65e9\u5c31\u81ea\u6211\u7de9\u885d\u4e86\u300d\u2500\u2500\u7e3d\u662f\u610f\u5473\u8457\u300c\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u81ea\u547d\u555f\u8499\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u6703\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f88\u666e\u904d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f86\u78ba\u5b9a\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u6703\u88ab\u5225\u4eba\u7576\u6210\u7b28\u86cb\u300d\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u6216\u4e00\u500b\u6587\u5316\u8981\u5c0d\u96fb\u8996\u9951\u6e34\u5230\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u624d\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u767c\u73fe\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u64ec\u8c61\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u518d\u73fe\u672c\u6e90\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u6027\u5225\u518d\u73fe\u90fd\u662f\u4eba\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u611f\u5230\u9707\u9a5a\uff1f\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u731c\u60f3\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u72ac\u5112\u4e3b\u7fa9\u96d6\u7136\u7121\u7591\u7684\u6d41\u50b3\u5f88\u5ee3\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u5efa\u69cb\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u5fc3\u7406\u751f\u614b\u7684\u773e\u591a\u7570\u8cea\u3001\u4e92\u76f8\u7af6\u722d\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u63ed\u767c\u3001\u6709\u4e9b\u9664\u9b45\u3001\u6709\u4e9b\u898b\u8b49\u78ba\u5be6\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5be6\u8cea\u6548\u529b\uff08\u96d6\u7136\u6642\u5e38\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u671f\u5f85\u7684\u90a3\u7a2e\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u6709\u4e9b\u540c\u6a23\u771f\u5be6\u800c\u4e14\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u7684\u63ed\u767c\u3001\u9664\u9b45\u3001\u898b\u8b49\u537b\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5be6\u8cea\u6548\u529b\u3002\u800c\u53ea\u8981\u4e16\u754c\u7e7c\u7e8c\u9019\u6a23\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u300c\u63ed\u767c\u300d\u7684\u6548\u76ca\u548c\u65bd\u529b\u65b9\u5411\u4e26\u4e0d\u5728\u65bc\u5b83\u5011\u548c\u77e5\u8b58\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5225\u8655\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c0d\u6211\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u9019\u500b\u5c0d\u53cd\u672c\u8cea\u4e3b\u7fa9\u77e5\u8b58\u8ad6\u7684\u6279\u5224\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4f86\u3002\u800c\u6211\u89ba\u5f97\u9019\u4e9b\u65b0\u65b9\u5411\u4e2d\u6700\u4e0d\u88ab\u770b\u597d\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u53e6\u5916\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u8ad6\uff1a\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u9ebc\u4e00\u4f86\u6211\u5011\u53c8\u6703\u88ab\u6346\u5728\u77e5\u8b58\u8ad6\u3001\u88ab\u6346\u5728\u771f\u77e5\u8b58\u6216\u5047\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u554f\u984c\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u3002\u7562\u7adf\uff0c\u554f\u984c\u4e0d\u5728\u65bc\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u65bc\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u6548\u529b(force)\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u540c\u610f\u5c3c\u91c7\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\uff0c\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u9818\u57df\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u7d14\u54f2\u5b78\u6240\u69cb\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u69cb\u6210\u2500\u2500\u7279\u5225\u662f\u60c5\u611f\u548c\u60c5\u7dd2\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5404\u7a2e\u60c5\u7dd2\u7576\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u548c\u64cd\u6f14\u2500\u2500\u7279\u5225\u662f\u9177\u5152\u64cd\u6f14\u2500\u2500\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1b\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u6700\u51fa\u4eba\u610f\u8868\u4e5f\u6700\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u7f9e\u8fb1\u611f(the affect of shame)\u3002\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u7528\u82ad\u7279\u52d2\u6700\u5e38\u8b1b\u7684\u3001\u5979\u8a8d\u70ba\u5728\u77e5\u8b58\u8ad6\u4e0a\u6709\u56b4\u91cd\u6467\u6bc0\u529b\u7684\u53cd\u4e32\u64cd\u6f14\u70ba\u4f8b\uff1a\u7528\u5979\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u8ae7\u64ec\u7684\u91cd\u8907\u2026\u2026\u63ed\u767c\u4e86\u6c38\u4e45\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u865b\u5e7b\u6548\u529b\u300d\uff1b\u300c\u6027\u5225\u7684\u64ec\u4eff\u91cd\u8907\u63ed\u767c\u4e86\u2026\u2026\u6027\u5225\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u865b\u5e7b\u300d\uff1b\u300c\u300e\u81ea\u7136\u300f(the natural)\u7684\u8a87\u5927\u5c55\u793a\u2026\u2026\u63ed\u767c\u4e86\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u7279\u8cea\u300d\u3002\u5728\u50cf\u82ad\u7279\u52d2\u6240\u5efa\u69cb\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u65bc\u77e5\u8b58\u8ad6\u7684\u8ad6\u8b49\u4e4b\u5167\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5ba3\u793a\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\u662f\u8981\u53bb\u63ed\u9732\u4e00\u500b\u5047\u8a2d\u7684\u771f\u7406\u6c92\u6709\u6839\u64da\uff1b\u7136\u800c\u5f9e\u4e00\u500b\u5efa\u57fa\u65bc\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u95b1\u8b80\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u6700\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u537b\u662f\u90a3\u500b\u5728\u91cd\u8907\u53ec\u559a\u7684\u63ed\u767c\u5834\u666f\u4e2d\u88ab\u5047\u8a2d\u5b58\u5728\u4f46\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u6aa2\u8996\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u6216\u8a31\uff0c\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7684\u63ed\u767c\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6700\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u4e0d\u5be6\u771f\u7406\u7684\u986f\u9732\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u662f\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u5f37\u5927\u52d5\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u66f4\u7d30\u7dfb\u7684\u4f86\u63a8\u60f3\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u64cd\u6f14\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u64cd\u6f14\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e0d\u662f\u5f9e\u64cd\u6f14\u7bc4\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u6211\u9858\u610f\u300d\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f9e\u300c\uff08\u4f60\uff09\u4e0d\u8981\u81c9\uff01\u300d\u958b\u59cb\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u82f1\u6587\u7247\u8a9e\uff0c\u300c\uff08\u4f60\uff09\u4e0d\u8981\u81c9\uff01\u300d\u548c\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u6700\u559c\u6b61\u7684\u64cd\u6f14\u7bc4\u4f8b\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u5fb5\uff1a\u6700\u660e\u986f\u7684\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u300c\uff08\u4f60\uff09\u4e0d\u8981\u81c9\uff01\u300d\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u547d\u4e86\u540d\uff0c\u85c9\u8457\u8aaa\u660e\u5b83\u7684\u64cd\u6f14\u610f\u5716\u4f86\u7372\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u64cd\u6f14\u529b\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8ce6\u4e88\u5225\u4eba\u7f9e\u8fb1\uff09\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u50cf\u5a5a\u79ae\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5b83\u501a\u8cf4\u898b\u8b49\u8005\u7684\u53ec\u559a(interpellation)\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u5c31\u50cf\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5b83\u5fc5\u5b9a\u767c\u751f\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u7684\u9ad4\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff1b\u548c\u300c\u6211\u9858\u610f\u300d\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u64cd\u6f14\u53e5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u9ad4\u7cfb\u662f\u4ee5\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4eba\u7a31\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u4f60\u300d\uff0c\u537b\u6c92\u6709\u300c\u6211\u300d\u2500\u2500\u6216\u662f\u9019\u9ebc\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4e0d\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u300c\u6211\u300d\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u65b7\u96a8\u8457\u9673\u8ff0\u300c\uff08\u4f60\uff09\u4e0d\u8981\u81c9\uff01\u300d\uff08Shame on you!\uff09\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u800c\u88ab\u53ec\u559a\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u4e3b\u9ad4\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u9762\u76f8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7d93\u7531\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u88ab\u53ec\u559a\uff1b\u300c\uff08\u4f60\uff09\u4e0d\u8981\u81c9\uff01\u300d\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u4e2d\u660e\u6670\u52d5\u8a5e\u7684\u7f3a\u5e2d\uff0c\u6a19\u8a18\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u6211\u300d\u66fe\u7d93\u5728\u8ce6\u4e88\u5225\u4eba\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u96b1\u6c92\u81ea\u6211\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u80fd\u52d5\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u81ea\u6211\u96b1\u6c92\u7684\u617e\u671b\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u2500\u2500\u300c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u300d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7279\u8cea\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u300c\uff08\u4f60\uff09\u4e0d\u8981\u81c9\uff01\u300d\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u5728\u6587\u6cd5\u7d50\u69cb\u4e0a\u7684\u7e2e\u7bc0\uff0c\u6a19\u793a\u51fa\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u7522\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5df2\u7d93\u9000\u7e2e\u7684\u300c\u6211\u300d\u6b63\u5728\u628a\u7f9e\u8fb1\u6295\u5c04\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u76ee\u524d\u4ecd\u5ef6\u5b95\u8457\u7684\u3001\u5c1a\u672a\u6210\u5f62\u7684\u3001\u800c\u4e14\u6050\u6015\u53ea\u80fd\u56f0\u96e3\u91cd\u91cd\u7684\u4ee5\u88ab\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4eba\u7a31\u6210\u5f62\u7684\u300c\u6211\u300d\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6c92\u6709\u52d5\u8a5e\u7684\u64cd\u6f14\u53e5\uff0c\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u7a31\u7684\u55ae\u2215\u8907\u6578\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u5176\u904e\u53bb\u2215\u73fe\u5728\u2215\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u80fd\u52d5\u6027\u2215\u88ab\u52d5\u6027\uff0c\u90fd\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u8cea\u7591\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4fe1\u4ee5\u70ba\u771f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7f9e\u8fb1\u611f\u6703\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u7528\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u4f86\u958b\u59cb\u60f3\u50cf\u9177\u5152\u64cd\u6f14\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u627f\u8a8d\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\u4f86\u9019\u662f\u5f88\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u5f37\u8abf\u8ca0\u9762\u6027\u3001\u5f9e\u6c61\u540d\u51fa\u767c\uff0c\u9019\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u7fa9\uff1f\u800c\u4e14\u9019\u500b\u8d77\u9ede\u9084\u662f\u300c\uff08\u4f60\uff09\u4e0d\u8981\u81c9\uff01\u300d\u9019\u9ebc\u4e00\u500b\u7121\u6cd5\u53bb\u6c61\u7684\u3001\u4ee4\u4eba\u806f\u60f3\u5230\u90a3\u500b\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u9177\u5152\u7ae5\u5e74\u7684\u6f2b\u9577\u5df4\u6bd4\u502b\u653e\u9010\uff1f\u4f46\u662f\u8acb\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u9019\u6b63\u662f\u300c\u9177\u5152\u300d\u9019\u500b\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u672c\u8eab\u6240\u505a\u7684\uff1a\u904b\u52d5\u4efd\u5b50\u5c0d\u300c\u9177\u5152\u300d\u9019\u500b\u540d\u8a5e\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u632a\u7528\u7d50\u679c\u8b49\u660e\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u8b8a\u4e0d\u7a69\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u596a\u56de\u80fd\u5920\u6210\u529f\u7684\u628a\u9019\u500b\u5b57\u5f9e\u5b83\u548c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u9023\u7d50\u3001\u5f9e\u5b83\u548c\u6027\u5225\u8a8d\u540c\u5931\u8abf\u7684\u6216\u662f\u6c61\u540d\u7684\u7ae5\u5e74\u7684\u53ef\u6015\u7121\u529b\u611f\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u812b\u96e2\u3002\u5047\u5982\u300c\u9177\u5152\u300d\u662f\u500b\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u540d\u8a5e\u2500\u2500\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u5b83\u4e5f\u662f\u2500\u2500\u90a3\u7d55\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u812b\u96e2\u7ae5\u5e74\u6642\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\u5834\u666f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u628a\u90a3\u7a2e\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u5834\u666f\u7576\u4f5c\u4e00\u7a2e\u8fd1\u4e4e\u53d6\u4e4b\u4e0d\u76e1\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u8f49\u63db\u4f86\u6e90\u3002\u6211\u89ba\u5f97\u4efb\u4f55\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u9177\u5152\uff08\u6216\u8a31\u548c\u540c\u6027\u6200\u76f8\u8f03\uff1f\uff09\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u90fd\u61c9\u8a72\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u548cErving Goffman\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u6c61\u540d\u5316\uff1a\u8655\u7406\u88ab\u641e\u58de\u7684\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u672d\u8a18\u300b\uff08Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity<\/em>\uff09\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u526f\u6a19\u984c\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u5728\u300c\u8655\u7406\u300d\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u8981\u6709\u5b83\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u3001\u5275\u610f\u7684\u3001\u64cd\u6f14\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300c\uff08\u4f60\uff09\u4e0d\u8981\u81c9\uff01\u300d\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u5728\u64cd\u6f14\u4e0a\u6709\u6548\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u90a3\u795e\u7955\u7684\u6587\u6cd5\u2500\u2500\u90a3\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u884d\u751f\u6027\u7684\u6587\u6cd5(transformational grammar)\uff1a\u4e0d\u4f46\u5728\u6211\u66fe\u7d93\u52fe\u756b\u904e\u7684\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5c64\u6b21\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u7f9e\u8fb1\u611f\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u6587\u6cd5\u4e0a\u3002\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u70ba\u6b62\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6Silvan Tomkins\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6700\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u4f86\u8ac7\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u60c5\u611f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u50cf\u7f9e\u8fb1\u9019\u9ebc\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u5225\u7684\u60c5\u611f\uff1a\u7f9e\u8fb1\u96b1\u6c92\u81ea\u6211\uff1b\u7f9e\u8fb1\u65e2\u6307\u5411\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u6295\u5c04\u5230\u4ed6\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\uff1b\u7f9e\u8fb1\u5c07\u81ea\u8eab\u7ffb\u8f49\u66b4\u9732\u5728\u5916\uff1b\u7f9e\u8fb1\u548c\u9a55\u50b2\uff0c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u548c\u5c0a\u56b4\uff0c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u5c55\u793a\uff0c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u548c\u66b4\u9732\u72c2(exhibitionism)\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u96bb\u624b\u5957\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7a7f\u63d2\u4ea4\u7e8f\uff1b\u6700\u5f8c\u6216\u8a31\u53ef\u4ee5\u9019\u9ebc\u8aaa\uff0c\u884d\u751f\u6027\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1(transformational shame)\u5c31\u662f\u64cd\u6f14(performance)\u3002\u6211\u6307\u7684\u662f\u6232\u5287\u64cd\u6f14\uff1b\u64cd\u6f14\u8207\u7f9e\u8fb1\u4ea4\u932f\u7cfe\u7e8f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u9632\u7bc4\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5b83\u4e5f\u5169\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7814\u7a76\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u5bb6\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c07\u7f9e\u8fb1\u9019\u7a2e\u5728\u5b30\u5152\u8eab\u4e0a\u5f88\u65e9\u5c31\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u5f37\u6709\u529b\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u539f\u521d\u5f62\u5f0f(proto-form)\uff08\u773c\u5149\u4f4e\u5782\uff0c\u5c07\u982d\u8f49\u5411\uff09\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5728\u51fa\u751f\u5f8c\u4e09\u500b\u6708\u5230\u4e03\u500b\u6708\u9593\uff0c\u7576\u5b30\u5152\u525b\u525b\u80fd\u5920\u8fa8\u5225\u4e26\u8a8d\u51fa\u7167\u9867\u8005\u7684\u81c9\u6642\u2500\u2500\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u5225\u6558\u4e8b\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5225\u6642\u523b\u3002\u5c31\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6642\u523b\uff0c\u5b30\u5152\u7684\u81c9\u548c\u7167\u9867\u8005\u7684\u81c9\u4e4b\u9593\u4e92\u76f8\u6620\u7167\u7684\u93e1\u50cf\u8ff4\u6e38\u8def\u7dda\u88ab\u6253\u65b7\u4e86\uff08\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8ff4\u6e38\u8def\u7dda\u2500\u2500\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u539f\u59cb\u81ea\u6200\u2500\u2500\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u81ea\u6200\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u5c31\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u793e\u4ea4\u7684\u3001\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u6295\u5165\u300c\u4ed6\u8005\u300d\u7684\u529b\u5834\uff09\u3002\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6642\u523b\uff0c\u6210\u4eba\u7684\u81c9\u7121\u6cd5\u7e7c\u7e8c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u62d2\u7d55\u7e7c\u7e8c\u53c3\u8207\u6301\u7e8c\u4e92\u76f8\u7684\u51dd\u8996\uff1b\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6642\u523b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u67d0\u500b\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u6210\u4eba\u7684\u81c9\u4e0d\u518d\u80fd\u88ab\u8fa8\u8b58\u4e5f\u4e0d\u518d\u8a8d\u8b58\u90a3\u500b\u56e0\u70ba\u4e00\u76f4\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\u6301\u7e8c\u8ff4\u6e38\u7dda\u8def\u800c\u300c\u8cde\u81c9\u300d\u7684\u5b30\u5b69\u3002\u5c31\u5982\u540cMichael Franz Basch \u6240\u95e1\u91cb\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5b30\u5b69\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u8abf\u9069\uff0c\u5728\u76f8\u7576\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8cf4\u8207\u90a3\u500b\u5177\u6709\u57f7\u884c\u548c\u5354\u8abf\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u6bcd\u5b50\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7dad\u6301\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6e9d\u901a\u3002\u7576\u7f9e\u8fb1\uff0d\u5c48\u8fb1\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u51fa\u73fe\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u8c61\u5fb5\u8207\u4eba\u63a5\u89f8\u7684\u5fae\u7b11\u5df2\u7d93\u5931\u6557\u6216\u662f\u7f3a\u5e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u5c0d\u4ed6\u8005\u4e4b\u6c92\u6709\u56de\u994b\u6240\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u793e\u4ea4\u4e0a\u7684\u5b64\u7acb\uff0c\u4e5f\u986f\u793a\u9700\u8981\u5f9e\u90a3\u7a2e\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u7d13\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u500b\u539f\u521d\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\u56e0\u6b64\u4e26\u975e\u7d93\u7531\u7981\u6b62\uff08\u56e0\u800c\u4e5f\u975e\u900f\u904e\u58d3\u6291\uff09\u4f86\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3002\u7f9e\u8fb1\u6e67\u5165\u4e3b\u9ad4\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5728\u5efa\u69cb\u8eab\u5206\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u8a8d\u540c\u6e9d\u901a\u5faa\u74b0\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u6df7\u4e82\u6642\u523b\u3002\u7684\u78ba\uff0c\u5c31\u548c\u6c61\u540d\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6e9d\u901a\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u7d0b\u7ae0\u2500\u2500\u57ae\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u81c9\u3001\u76ee\u5149\u4f4e\u5782\u3001\u8f49\u982d\u4ed6\u671b\u3001\u6709\u6642\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u81c9\u7d05\u2500\u2500\u662f\u7169\u60f1\u7684\u4fe1\u865f\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u662f\u60f3\u8981\u91cd\u5efa\u4eba\u969b\u806f\u7e6b\u7684\u617e\u671b\u7684\u4fe1\u865f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u5728\u5e72\u64fe\u8eab\u5206\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u5efa\u69cb\u8a8d\u540c\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u7f9e\u8fb1\u548c\u8a8d\u540c\u4e4b\u9593\u7dad\u6301\u8457\u975e\u5e38\u52d5\u614b\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u89e3\u69cb\u53c8\u4e92\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7f9e\u8fb1\u4e0d\u4f46\u6709\u8457\u5947\u602a\u7684\u50b3\u67d3\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u500b\u5225\u5316\u6548\u679c\u3002\u7f9e\u8fb1\u6700\u5947\u602a\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u4e4b\u4e00\u2500\u2500\u4e0d\u904e\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u63d0\u4f9b\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u9019\u7a2e\u8a08\u756b\u6700\u591a\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u529b\u91cf\u2500\u2500\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u8667\u5f85\u4ed6\u4eba\u3001\u88ab\u4ed6\u4eba\u8667\u5f85\u3001\u5225\u4eba\u7684\u56f0\u7a98\u3001\u6c61\u540d\u3001\u8870\u5f31\u3001\u81ed\u5473\u3001\u6216\u5947\u602a\u7684\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u770b\u4f86\u548c\u6211\u4e00\u9ede\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u537b\u80fd\u5982\u6b64\u8f15\u6613\u7684\u2500\u2500\u5047\u8a2d\u6211\u662f\u500b\u5bb9\u6613\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u4eba\u2500\u2500\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e\u6fc3\u90c1\u7030\u6f2b\u7684\u6fc0\u52d5\u60c5\u7dd2\u6e67\u4e0a\u6211\u8eab\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u7dd2\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6240\u80fd\u60f3\u50cf\u5230\u7684\u6700\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u5340\u9694\u51fa\u6211\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u5f62\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5206\u8fa8\u7f9e\u8fb1\u548c\u7f6a\u60e1\u611f\u6700\u4fbf\u6377\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u7f9e\u8fb1\u9644\u96a8\u800c\u4e14\u78e8\u5229\u4eba\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7684\u611f\u89ba\uff0c\u800c\u7f6a\u60e1\u611f\u9644\u96a8\u7684\u662f\u4eba\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4eba\u5728\u9ad4\u9a57\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u6642\u5019\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\u90a3\u5012\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u3002\u5728\u4eba\u985e\u6210\u9577\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u76ee\u524d\u88ab\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u8996\u70ba\u6700\u6e05\u695a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u81ea\u6211\u767c\u5c55\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u60c5\u611f\uff08Francis Broucek\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u4e4b\u65bc\u81ea\u9ad4\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u7126\u616e\u4e4b\u65bc\u81ea\u6211\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u2500\u2500\u90fd\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u3002\u300d\uff09\u3002\u6211\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u610f\u601d\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u8207\u5176\u8aaa\u8a8d\u540c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6b64\u8655\u6700\u7a69\u56fa\u7684\u548c\u672c\u8cea\u76f8\u9ecf\u9023\uff0c\u5012\u4e0d\u5982\u8aaa\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u554f\u984c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6b64\u6709\u5176\u6700\u539f\u521d\u7684\u3001\u6700\u95dc\u4fc2\u5f0f\u7684\u6d6e\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u6e90\u81ea\u793e\u4ea4\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c0e\u5411\u793e\u4ea4(sociability)\u3002\u5982\u540cBasch\u6240\u5beb\u7684\uff0c<\/p>\n

\u5b30\u5152\u671f\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\uff0d\u5c48\u8fb1\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u5982\u4f4e\u982d\u548c\u773c\u5149\u8ff4\u907f\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u8868\u793a\u5b69\u5b50\u81ea\u89ba\u88ab\u62d2\u7d55\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u986f\u793a\u4ed6\u548c\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6709\u6548\u63a5\u89f8\u5df2\u7d93\u88ab\u6253\u65b7\u2026\u2026\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4eba\u4e00\u751f\u4e2d\u6240\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\uff0d\u5c48\u8fb1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u7121\u529b\u4ee5\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u6e9d\u901a\u4f86\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5f15\u8d77\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u7a4d\u6975\u56de\u61c9\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u53cd\u61c9\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u5de8\u75db\u5c07\u5728\u5f8c\u4f86\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65b7\u56de\u6b78\u9019\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u65e9\u671f\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u72c0\u614b\u4e0d\u4f46\u4e0d\u8212\u670d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u751a\u81f3\u5a01\u8105\u5230\u751f\u547d\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u884c\u52d5\u8005\u3001\u6216\u8868\u6f14\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u3001\u6216\u8a8d\u540c\u653f\u6cbb\u4e2d\u7684\u7a4d\u6975\u4efd\u5b50\u90a3\u96bb\u89c0\u770b\u7684\u773c\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u6234\u4e0a\u5979\u6216\u4ed6\u300c\u5e7c\u5152\u671f\u300d\u81ea\u6200\u7684\u773c\u93e1\uff0c\u842c\u4e8b\u5c31\u5df2\u5177\u5099\uff08\u597d\u6bd4\u8aaa\uff09\u7b49\u5019\u4e3b\u9ad4\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u88ab\u53d7\u62d2\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\u6240\u6df9\u6c92\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u7b49\u5019\u90a3\u500b\u93e1\u50cf\u5c0d\u770b\u7684\u6210\u529f\u8108\u52d5\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u4e00\u500b\u88ab\u8d77\u521d\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u7684\u8a87\u5927\u6240\u7701\u7565\u7684\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5fc5\u7136\u88ab\u626d\u66f2\u7684\uff09\u81ea\u6200\u8ff4\u8def\u3002\u7f9e\u8fb1\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u611f\u8986\u84cb\u4e86\u5167\u5411\u8207\u5916\u5411\u7684\u4ea4\u754c\uff0c\u8986\u84cb\u4e86\u5c08\u5fc3\u548c\u6232\u5287\u6027\u7684\u4ea4\u754c\uff0c\u4e5f\u8986\u84cb\u4e86\u89e3\u69cb\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u64cd\u6f14\u548c\u6232\u5287\u6027\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u64cd\u6f14\u7684\u4ea4\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u70ba\u6b62\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5728\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u4e0a\u6211\u5728\u6b64\u4e00\u76f4\u63cf\u8ff0\u8457\u7684\u9177\u5152\u64cd\u6f14\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u503c\u5f97\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002\u8981\u662f\u6211\u6697\u793a\u6211\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u5c0d\u9177\u5152\u64cd\u6f14\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u806f\u60f3\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u6f14\u7684\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u6703\u6709\u7528\u55ce\uff1f\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u6307\u51fa\u300c\uff08\u4f60\uff09\u4e0d\u8981\u81c9\uff01\u300d\u7684\u884d\u751f\u6027\u6587\u6cd5\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u5f62\u6210\u8207\u81ea\u8a8d\u662f\u9177\u5152\u7684\u4eba\u6700\u7dca\u5bc6\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u64cd\u6f14\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u6703\u6709\u7528\u55ce\uff1f\u628a\u7f9e\u8fb1\u548c\u9177\u5152\u64cd\u6f14\u9023\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u60f3\u7684\u7528\u8655\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u4f86\u81ea\u5b83\u984d\u5916\u5e6b\u52a9\u78ba\u5b9a\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u8a00\u8a9e\u6216\u884c\u52d5\u53ef\u88ab\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u300c\u64cd\u6f14\u300d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u300c\u9177\u5152\u300d\uff1b\u5b83\u66f4\u4e0d\u6703\u5047\u88dd\u53bb\u5b9a\u7fa9\u9177\u5152\u548c\u540c\u6027\u611b\u617e\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u6240\u505a\u7684\u662f\u70ba\u6307\u6d89\u548c\u64cd\u6f14\u4e4b\u9593\u3001\u70ba\u9177\u5152\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7d93\u9a57\u8a8d\u540c\u548c\u617e\u671b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u6240\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u626d\u8f49\u6216\u7570\u5e38\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u3001\u73fe\u8c61\u5b78\u3001\u4e3b\u984c\u4e0a\u7684\u6fc3\u539a\u548c\u52d5\u6a5f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u60f3\u6211\u7684\u8a08\u756b\u770b\u4f86\u597d\u50cf\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u89e3\u69cb\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u53cd\u672c\u8cea\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8a08\u756b\uff09\u4f86\u6062\u5fa9\u4e00\u7a2e\u62bd\u5149\u4e86\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u6216\u653f\u6cbb\u6307\u6d89\u7684\u9177\u5152\u6027\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ee5\u7fd2\u6163\u6027\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\u4f86\u770b\u64cd\u6f14\u53ca\u5176\u5404\u7a2e\u8f49\u5316\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba\u601d\u8003\u8a8d\u540c\u653f\u6cbb\u958b\u555f\u5f88\u591a\u65b0\u7684\u8996\u7a97\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e9b\u9023\u7d50\u548c\u9644\u8457\u65bc\u7f9e\u8fb1\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u770b\u4f86\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6700\u80fd\u5340\u5206\u6587\u5316\u548c\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u8ef8\u7dda\uff1a\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u6574\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5206\u70ba\uff08\u5047\u8a2d\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u7684\uff09\u300c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u6587\u5316\u300d(shame cultures)\u548c\uff08\u5047\u8a2d\u662f\u7d93\u904e\u9032\u5316\u7684\uff09\u300c\u7f6a\u60e1\u611f\u6587\u5316\u300d(guilt cultures)\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8aaa\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u60c5\u611f\uff0c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u662f\u6240\u6709\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u4efd\uff08\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u5dee\u7570\u7684\u6210\u4efd\uff09\u3002\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5206\u96e2\u7684\u3001\u5167\u5728\u65bc\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\uff08\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4eba\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff09\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5b83\u9644\u8457\u5728\u800c\u4e14\u6c38\u4e45\u7684\u5f37\u5316\u6216\u6539\u8b8a\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u2500\u2500\u5982\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u67d0\u500b\u5340\u57df\u3001\u4e00\u500b\u611f\u5b98\u7cfb\u7d71\u3001\u4e00\u500b\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\u6216\u662f\u88ab\u5141\u8a31\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3001\u50cf\u662f\u61a4\u6012\u6216\u8208\u596e\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u60c5\u611f\u3001\u4e00\u500b\u5df2\u547d\u540d\u7684\u8eab\u5206\u8a8d\u540c\u3001\u4e00\u4efd\u85c9\u4ee5\u95e1\u91cb\u4ed6\u4eba\u5c0d\u5f85\u81ea\u5df1\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u8173\u672c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u6216\u500b\u6027\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u500b\u5225\u5316\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6d6e\u6e38\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\u60c5\u7dd2\u65e9\u5c31\u5728\u500b\u4eba\u904b\u7528\u65bc\u81ea\u6211\u548c\u4ed6\u8005\u9593\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\u7684\u548c\u8a6e\u91cb\u6027\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u4e0a\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u66f4\u70ba\u6301\u4e45\u3001\u66f4\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u60f3\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u6d88\u9664\u6216\u89e3\u6c7a\u500b\u4eba\u6216\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u7b56\u7565\u6216\u653f\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5be6\u5728\u6709\u9ede\u8352\u8b2c\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u80fd\u300c\u6210\u529f\u300d\u2500\u2500\u7576\u7136\u5b83\u5011\u6703\u6709\u6b0a\u529b\u6548\u61c9\u2500\u2500\u4f46\u662f\u5c31\u5728\u5b83\u5011\u865f\u7a31\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6b63\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u884c\u4e4b\u8655\u3002\uff08\u6211\u9019\u88e1\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u662f\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u793e\u6703\u904b\u52d5\u4e5f\u66fe\u7d93\u4ee5\u5404\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8655\u7406\u7f9e\u8fb1\u60c5\u611f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6c11\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u793e\u7fa4\u5c0a\u56b4\u3001\u300c\u9ed1\u5373\u662f\u7f8e\u300d\u4ee5\u53ca\u540c\u5fd7\u81ea\u8c6a\u7b49\u53e3\u865f\u4e2d\u5c0d\u81ea\u8c6a\u7684\u500b\u5225\u5316\uff1b\u5404\u7a2e\u672c\u571f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5992\u6068\u60c5\u7d50\uff1b\u5149\u982d\u65cf(the skinhead)\u6240\u5c55\u73fe\u7684\u4ee4\u4eba\u8a0e\u53ad\u7684\u618e\u60e1\uff1b\u65e9\u671f\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u66fe\u7d93\u8a66\u9a57\u547d\u540d\u4e26\u51f8\u986f\u61a4\u6012\u4f5c\u70ba\u56de\u61c9\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1b\u4e82\u502b\u5016\u5b58\u8005\u904b\u52d5\u5728\u77e5\u8b58\u8ad6\u4e0a\u5f37\u8abf\u5c0d\u65bc\u7f9e\u8fb1\u8981\u5be6\u8a71\u5be6\u8aaa\uff1b\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5f88\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u3002\u7f9e\u8fb1\u6240\u6d6e\u73fe\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u7fa4\u9ad4\u6216\u500b\u4eba\u8a8d\u540c\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5207\u9664\u7684\u300c\u6709\u6bd2\u7684\u300d\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u8a8d\u540c\u672c\u8eab\u88ab\u5f62\u5851\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5c31\u7d71\u62ec\u5728\u5167\u800c\u4e14\u6b98\u5b58\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u96a8\u6642\u88ab\u7528\u4f86\u8cea\u8b8a (metamorphosis)\u3001\u91cd\u69cb(reframing)\u3001\u91cd\u5851(refiguration)\u3001\u8f49\u5316(transfiguration)\u3001\u5728\u60c5\u611f\u548c\u8c61\u5fb5\u4e0a\u7684\u8f09\u5165\u548c\u8b8a\u5f62(deformation)\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u537b\u4e0d\u9069\u65bc\u7528\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u6de8\u5316\u548c\u53bb\u672c\u9ad4\u5316\u7684\u5c01\u9589(deontological closure)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f9e\u8fb1\u4e4b\u7d50\u69cb\u5316(structuration)\u4e0d\u8ad6\u5728\u6587\u5316\u4e4b\u9593\u3001\u6642\u4ee3\u4e4b\u9593\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e4b\u9593\u90fd\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6587\u5316\u548c\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u500b\u5225\u7684\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u4e5f\u4e00\u5b9a\u6709\u5dee\u7570\u3002\u5c0d\u6709\u4e9b\u5b30\u5152\u3001\u5152\u7ae5\u3001\u548c\u6210\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u5f62\u5851\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u4e2d\u4ecb\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u4eba\u4e00\u822c\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\uff08\u4e00\u500b\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5b57\u773c\uff09\u5bb3\u7f9e(shy)\u3002\uff08\u300c\u8a18\u5f97\u4e94\u96f6\u5e74\u4ee3\u55ce\uff1f\u300d\u5973\u559c\u5287\u6f14\u54e1Lily Tomlin\u554f\u9053\uff0c\u300c\u4e94\u96f6\u5e74\u4ee3\u6c92\u6709\u540c\u6027\u6200\u8005\uff1b\u4ed6\u5011\u53ea\u662f\u5bb3\u7f9e\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u300d\uff09\u6211\u89ba\u5f97\uff0c\u9177\u5152\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u9996\u5148\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u6d89\u9019\u4e00\u7fa4\u5bb3\u7f9e\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u6d89\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u758a\u7684\u5b30\u5152\u548c\u5b69\u7ae5\u7fa4\u9ad4\uff0c\u5f8c\u9762\u9019\u4e9b\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u8a8d\u540c\u611f\u4e0d\u77e5\u70ba\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\u539f\u56e0\u4f3c\u4e4e\u7e3d\u662f\u570d\u7e5e\u8457\u6709\u95dc\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\u3002\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4ed6\u5011\uff08\u6216\u6211\u5011\uff09\u6703\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u9084\u9700\u8981\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u8aaa\u660e\u3002\u9019\u500b\u610f\u601d\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c31\u6211\u7121\u6cd5\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\u90a3\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e0d\u662f\u4ef6\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u2500\u2500\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u8a73\u7d30\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u5b83\u7e3d\u662f\u9072\u4f86\u7684\uff1a\u900f\u904e\u7f9e\u8fb1\u63cf\u7e6a\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u8a8d\u540c\u7a7a\u9593\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u6c7a\u5b9a\u9019\u4efd\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u6216\u5b83\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u50cf\u7a2e\u65cf\u3001\u6027\u5225\u3001\u968e\u7d1a\u3001\u6027\u3001\u5916\u8c8c\u548c\u80a2\u9ad4\u5065\u5168\u7b49\u7b49\u5177\u6709\u5b9a\u7fa9\u6548\u679c\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5efa\u69cb\u4e5f\u6703\u5728\u9019\u500b\u7a7a\u9593\u4e2d\u5177\u9ad4\u5316\uff0c\u5f9e\u9019\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u4ed6\u5011\u5404\u81ea\u95dc\u65bc\u8868\u9054\u3001\u5275\u610f\u3001\u6109\u6085\u3001\u548c\u596e\u9b25\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u6211\u751a\u81f3\u6703\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c31\u9019\u5c64\u610f\u7fa9\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u6b77\u53f2\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u523b\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u9177\u5152\u6027(queerness)\u548c\u4eca\u65e5\u6fc3\u7e2e\u70ba\u6210\u4eba\u6216\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u300c\u540c\u5fd7\u6027\u300d(gayness)\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u5c6c\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u91cd\u758a\u4e4b\u8655\u2500\u2500\u96d6\u7136\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6709\u5f48\u6027\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u6642\u9593\u4e0a\u5f88\u8ff4\u65cb\u7e8f\u7e5e\u7684\u91cd\u758a\u8457\u3002\u773e\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u5973\u540c\u6027\u6200\u8005\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7537\u540c\u6027\u6200\u8005\u6c38\u9060\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b97\u662f\u9177\u5152\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u5247\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u592a\u591a\u540c\u6027\u60c5\u617e\u7d93\u9a57\u6216\u6c92\u6709\u5c07\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u540c\u6027\u60c5\u617e\u8f38\u5f80\u5973\u540c\u6027\u6200\u6216\u7537\u540c\u6027\u6200\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8eab\u5206\u8a8d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u537b\u548c\u9177\u5152\u7684\u8e8d\u52d5\u5408\u62cd(vibrate to the chord of queer)\u3002\u7136\u800c\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u78ba\u5be6\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u7f9e\u8fb1\u610f\u8b58\u548c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u5275\u610f\u800c\u300c\u8208\u596e(flushed)\u300d\uff08\u7528James\u7684\u5b57\u773c\uff09\u7684\u64cd\u6f14\u5f0f\u8a8d\u540c\u884c\u8a71(vernacular)\uff0c\u78ba\u5be6\u90fd\u7dca\u5bc6\u7684\u96c6\u805a\u5728\u5973\u540c\u6027\u6200\u548c\u7537\u540c\u6027\u6200\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u7a7a\u9593\u4e2d\uff1a\u9019\u88e1\u53ea\u63d0\u51fa\u5e7e\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff34\u7684\u618e\u60e1\u3001\u76ae\u9769\u6d3e\u3001\u81ea\u8c6a\u3001SM\u3001\u53cd\u4e32\u3001\u97f3\u6a02\u6027\u3001\u62f3\u4ea4\u3001\u614b\u5ea6\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u6027\u3001\u4fee\u9053\u9662\u7684\u7981\u617e\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u5973\u9ad8\u97f3\u5d07\u62dc\u3001\u83ef\u9e97\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u5100\u5f0f\uff0c\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u7d62\u721b\u7684\u71c3\u71d2(flaming)\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

\u9084\u6709\uff0c\u71b1\u4e2d\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u904b\u52d5(activism)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5c0d\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u860a\u6db5\u6709\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u7f9e\u8fb1\u662f\u5728\u64cd\u6f14\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u885d\u52d5\u6e90\u982d\u751f\u7522\u4e26\u6b63\u7576\u5316\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u2500\u2500\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u554f\u984c\u2500\u2500\u4f46\u662f\u537b\u6c92\u6709\u7d66\u4e88\u9019\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e00\u500b\u672c\u8cea\u6027\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u7531\u7f9e\u8fb1\u6240\u69cb\u6210\u7684\u8a8d\u540c\uff0c\u7e3d\u662f\u300c\u5c07\u88ab\u69cb\u6210\u7684\u300d(to-be-constituted)\uff1b\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u5b83\u7e3d\u662f\u65e9\u5c31\u5728\u90a3\u5152\u7b49\u5019\uff08\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3001\u6709\u751f\u7522\u6027\u7684\uff09\u88ab\u66f2\u89e3\u548c\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3002\u7f9e\u8fb1\u2500\u2500\u5b58\u6d3b\u5728\u808c\u8089\u548c\u81c9\u90e8\u7684\u6bdb\u7d30\u7ba1\u88e1\u2500\u2500\u770b\u4f86\u597d\u50cf\u7368\u4e00\u7121\u4e8c\u7684\u5177\u6709\u611f\u67d3\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u6b6a\u659c\u7684\u3001\u591a\u8b8a\u7684\u6613\u611f\u6027\u4e5f\u6703\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u96a8\u8457\u65b0\u7684\u8868\u9054\u65b9\u5f0f(expressive grammars)\u800c\u52a0\u901f\u5176\u611f\u67d3\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u60f3\u9019\u4e9b\u4e8b\u5be6\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u597d\u597d\u601d\u8003\u7f9e\u8fb1\u548c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u2215\u64cd\u6f14\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u8655\u7406\u8a8d\u540c\u653f\u6cbb\u5167\u90e8\u8a31\u591a\u9811\u6297\u7684\u6b7b\u7d50\u2500\u2500\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u72a7\u7272\u300c\u8a8d\u540c\u300d\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u548c\u90a3\u7a2e\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u6025\u8feb\u6027\u3002\u6709\u95dc\u8e67\u8e0f\u4ed6\u4eba(trashing)\u548c\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u6216\u5236\u5ea6\u6027\u5c60\u6bba\u7684\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u2500\u2500\u5c31\u50cf\u54c0\u60bc(mourning)\u7684\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u4e00\u6a23\u2500\u2500\u8981\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u5148\u4e86\u89e3\u7f9e\u8fb1\uff0c\u5c31\u7121\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u628a\u7f6a\u60e1\u611f\u653e\u5728\u7f9e\u8fb1\u90a3\u6349\u6478\u4e0d\u5b9a\u7684\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u4e2d\u4f86\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u5c07\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u6240\u8b02\u5016\u5b58\u8005\u7684\u7f6a\u60e1\u611f\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u7f6a\u60e1\u611f\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u3002\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u4e5f\u540c\u6a23\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u5718\u7d50(solidarity)\u548c\u8eab\u5206\u8a8d\u540c(identification)\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\uff1b\u6216\u8a31\u4e5f\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u5e7d\u9ed8\u611f\u6216\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5e7d\u9ed8\u611f\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u653f\u6cbb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u904e\u53bb\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u7f9e\u8fb1\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c11\u6578\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u5e2b\u4e00\u76f4\u592a\u904e\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u628a\u7f9e\u8fb1\u6b78\u65bc\u58d3\u6291\u5047\u8a2d(repressive hypothesis)\u6240\u860a\u6db5\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff1a\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u300c\u5065\u5eb7\u300d\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\u6216\u662f\u300c\u4e0d\u5065\u5eb7\u300d\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e86\u96b1\u79c1\u548c\u9ad4\u9762\u800c\u8aaa\u7f9e\u8fb1\u662f\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u52fe\u7d50\u81ea\u6211\u58d3\u6291\u6216\u793e\u6703\u58d3\u6291\u800c\u8aaa\u7f9e\u8fb1\u662f\u58de\u7684\u3002\u5f88\u660e\u986f\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u8a55\u50f9\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u73fe\u5728\u5728\u8ac7\u7684\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u8aaa\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u5c0d\u67d0\u4e9b\uff08\u300c\u9177\u5152\u300d\uff09\u4eba\u58eb\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u3001\u800c\u4e14\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6c38\u9060\u7684\u3001\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u7684\u8a8d\u540c\u4e8b\u5be6\uff1a\u7f9e\u8fb1\u6709\u8457\u81ea\u5df1\u6975\u70ba\u6709\u529b\u7684\u5efa\u8a2d\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u6975\u70ba\u6709\u529b\u7684\u793e\u6703\u8cea\u8b8a\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u4ee5\u6b64\u985e\u63a8\uff0c\u6211\u6703\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u5728\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u2500\u2500\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u7126\u616e\u7684\u3001\u8208\u596e\u7684\u3001\u5acc\u60e1\u7684\u3001\u61a4\u6012\u7684\u3001\u8f15\u8511\u7684\u3001\u7f9e\u6065\u7684\u3001\u9707\u9a5a\u7684\u3001\u6216\u6109\u5feb\u7684\u2500\u2500\u96c6\u4e2d\u53bb\u63a2\u8a0e\u60c5\u611f(affect)\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u548c\u5718\u9ad4\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u9019\u90fd\u6703\u6bd4\u4efb\u4f55\u6578\u91cf\u7684\u6700\u56b4\u8b39\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u8ad6\u57f7\u8457\uff0c\u90fd\u4f86\u5f97\u66f4\u80fd\u70ba\u9177\u5152\u7406\u8ad6\u958b\u555f\u591a\u6247\u8996\u7a97\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> \u3010\u8b6f\u6ce8\u3011\u574a\u9593\u5c0d\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u8a00\u8a9e\u884c\u52d5\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\u7684performative\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684\u4e2d\u8b6f\u3002\u9019\u500b\u540d\u8a5e\u539f\u672c\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u5834\u57df\u662f\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u539f\u610f\u662f\u6307\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e9b\u8aaa\u8a71\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u5100\u5f0f\u5834\u5408\u7684\u8aaa\u8a71\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ec0\u9ebc\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u8ce6\u4e88\u5f88\u660e\u767d\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u4ee5\u8a00\u884c\u4e8b\u300d\u8a9e\u53e5\u3001\u300c\u5b8c\u6210\u884c\u70ba\u53e5\u300d\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u5927\u9678\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u628a\u5b83\u8b6f\u6210\u300c\u5be6\u884c\u5f0f\u8a00\u8a9e\u884c\u70ba\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5b8c\u6210\u884c\u70ba\u5f0f\u8a71\u8a9e\u300d\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u672c\u5730\u82f1\u7f8e\u6587\u5b78\u754c\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u9078\u64c7\u628a\u5b83\u8b6f\u6210\u300c\u8868\u6f14\u300d\uff0c\u4ee5\u51f8\u986fButler\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u6232\u5287\u6027\u53cd\u4e32\uff1b\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u628a\u5b83\u8b6f\u6210\u300c\u5ba3\u6210\u300d\uff0c\u53d6\u5176\u300c\u53e3\u8aaa\u4e8b\u6210\u300d\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5247\u9078\u64c7\u8b6f\u70ba\u300c\u64cd\u6f14\u300d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u300c\u64cd\u6f14\u300d\u672c\u8eab\u5e36\u6709\u5be6\u8e10\u5c65\u884c\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u300c\u64cd\u300d\u539f\u610f\u4e2d\u9084\u6709\u91cd\u8907\u6f14\u7df4\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\uff08\u5982\u8ecd\u65c5\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u51fa\u64cd\u300d\uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u591a\u591a\u5c11\u5c11\u5305\u542b\u8457\u300c\u975e\u96a8\u5fc3\u6240\u6b32\u300d\u7684\u610f\u5473\u5728\u5167\uff08\u56e0\u6b64\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u793e\u6703\u6587\u5316\u7a4d\u6975\u5f62\u5851\u4e3b\u9ad4\u7684\u860a\u6db5\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u89ba\u5f97\u8b6f\u6210\u300c\u64cd\u6f14\u300d\u5f88\u80fd\u5920\u638c\u63e1performativity\u4e2d\u4f86\u81ea\u6587\u5316\u793e\u6703\u6210\u898f\u7684\u91cd\u8907\u3001\u6163\u5e38\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u9177\u5152\u6297\u722d\u632a\u7528\u7684\u7bc0\u9ede\u53ca\u5176\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u6bd4\u300c\u5ba3\u6210\u300d\u7684\u975c\u614b\u5f62\u8c61\u66f4\u7b26\u5408Sedgwick\u5c0d\u60c5\u611f\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u7684\u51f8\u986f\u3002\uff08\u4f55\u6625\u8564\uff09<\/p>\n

\u8f49\u8f09\u672c\u6587\u8acb\u4fdd\u7559\u7db2\u9801\u8a3b\u8a18<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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