{"id":4397,"date":"1998-03-01T18:49:42","date_gmt":"1998-03-01T10:49:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/?p=4397"},"modified":"2017-01-15T19:57:47","modified_gmt":"2017-01-15T11:57:47","slug":"%e3%80%8c%e6%b7%a8%e5%8c%96%e3%80%8d%e5%85%ac%e5%85%b1%e4%b8%96%e7%95%8c%ef%bc%9a%e5%a5%b3%e6%80%a7%e4%b8%bb%e7%be%a9%e7%b3%be%e5%af%9f%e9%9a%8a%e3%80%81%e6%80%a7%e4%ba%a4%e6%98%93%e8%88%87%e3%80%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/1998\/03\/%e3%80%8c%e6%b7%a8%e5%8c%96%e3%80%8d%e5%85%ac%e5%85%b1%e4%b8%96%e7%95%8c%ef%bc%9a%e5%a5%b3%e6%80%a7%e4%b8%bb%e7%be%a9%e7%b3%be%e5%af%9f%e9%9a%8a%e3%80%81%e6%80%a7%e4%ba%a4%e6%98%93%e8%88%87%e3%80%8c\/","title":{"rendered":"\u300c\u6de8\u5316\u300d\u516c\u5171\u4e16\u754c\uff1a\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7cfe\u5bdf\u968a\u3001\u6027\u4ea4\u6613\u8207\u300c\u4fdd\u8b77\u7684\u76e3\u63a7\u300d\uff08\u7ffb\u8b6f\u6821\u8a02\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\uff08\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u8b6f\u81ea Lucy Bland, Banishing the Beast.<\/em> New York: The News Press, 1995. 95-123. \u7d93\u7248\u6b0a\u5546 Penguin Press \u540c\u610f\u7ffb\u8b6f\u3002\u8881\u6b63\u7389\u7ffb\u8b6f\uff0c\u4f55\u6625\u8564\u6821\u8a02\uff0c\u300a\u6027\uff0f\u5225\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u300c\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u5993\u6b0a\u89c0\u9ede\u300d\u5c08\u865f\uff0c\u980129-64\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u53f0\u5317\u516c\u5a3c\u6297\u722d\u7684\u6025\u8feb\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u7576\u6642\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6709\u9650\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5f9e1997\u5e749\u6708\u5c31\u958b\u59cb\u6025\u5207\u7684\u627e\u5c0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u65b0\u8208\u7684\u53f0\u5317\u5993\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\uff0c\u4e5f\u62fc\u547d\u7684\u7ffb\u8b6f\u5f15\u9032\u76f8\u95dc\u570b\u969b\u6587\u4ef6\u8207\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c0d\u6297\u5728\u5730\u8ce3\u6deb\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u53d6\u5411\uff0c\u4e26\u8207\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u5a3c\u5993\u8ad6\u8ff0\u6297\u8861\u3002\u6700\u7d42\u57281998\u5e743\u6708\u63a8\u51fa400\u591a\u9801\u7684\u300a\u6027\uff0f\u5225\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u300c\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u5993\u6b0a\u89c0\u9ede\u300d\u5c08\u865f\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u8f49\u70ba\u5c08\u984c\u66f8\uff0c\u7531\u5de8\u6d41\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u6230\u5c40\u3002\u90a3\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u65e5\u4ee5\u7e7c\u591c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u70ba\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u8b70\u984c\u5960\u7acb\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u57fa\u790e\u3002\uff09<\/strong><\/span>[1]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1894\u5e74\uff0c\u5169\u540d\u7f8e\u570b\u7537\u58eb\u5411\u793e\u6703\u6de8\u5316\u904b\u52d5\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005Mrs. Laura Ormiston Chant\u63d0\u51fa\u62b1\u6028\uff0c\u8aaa\u4ed6\u5011\u6700\u8fd1\u53bbLeicester\u5ee3\u5834\u90a3\u9593\u96c4\u5049\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5e1d\u570b\u7d9c\u85dd\u6232\u9662\uff08the Empire Theater of Varieties\uff09\u89c0\u8cde\u6f14\u51fa\u6642\uff0c\u300c\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u6709\u5973\u4eba\u524d\u4f86\u642d\u8a15\u548c\u4e3b\u52d5\u52fe\u5f15\u2026\u2026\u66f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u9707\u9a5a\u7684\u662f\u82ad\u857e\u821e\u5287\u4e2d\u7684\u6e05\u6dbc\u8863\u8457\u3002\u300d\u90a3\u5e74\u79cb\u5929\uff0cChant\u548c\u82f1\u570b\u5973\u6027\u7981\u9152\u5354\u6703\uff08the British Women’s Temperance Association\uff09\u8ca0\u8cac\u4ebaMrs. Amelia Hicks\u806f\u8882\u524d\u5f80\u5e1d\u570b\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u4e00\u63a2\u7a76\u7adf\u3002\u5979\u982d\u6234\u8edf\u5e3d\uff0c\u7a7f\u8457\u6f02\u4eae\u4f46\u300c\u7aef\u838a\u300d\u7684\u665a\u79ae\u670d\uff0c\u6c7a\u5fc3\u4e0d\u8981\u9db4\u7acb\u96de\u7fa4\u3001\u770b\u4f3c\u300c\u7aba\u523a\u7684\u8001\u53e4\u677f\u300d\u2500\u2500\u56e0\u70ba\u524d\u6b21\u9020\u8a2a\u6642\uff0c\u5979\u7684\u300c\u767d\u5929\u300d\u88dd\u626e\u4e00\u770b\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u4e0d\u662f\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u7684\u5e38\u5ba2\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u7576\u6642\u592a\u8207\u773e\u4e0d\u540c\u4e86\u3002\u300d\u4e0d\u904e\u5979\u7684\u507d\u88dd\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u767c\u5c55\u5230\u4f4e\u80f8\u9732\u80a9\u7684\u5730\u6b65\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u6c92\u4eba\u50cf\u6211\u4e00\u6a23\u5805\u6301\u5c0d\u6297\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u665a\u79ae\u670d\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u5f9e21\u6b72\u8d77\u5c31\u56b4\u8fad\u8b74\u8cac\u88f8\u9732\u9838\u90e8\u548c\u624b\u81c2\u3002[2]<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5979\u5c0d\u773c\u524d\u6240\u898b\u842c\u5206\u9707\u9a5a\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u53f0\u4e0a\u6709\u4e9b\u8868\u6f14\u8005\u904e\u5ea6\u66b4\u9732\u8eab\u9ad4\uff0c\u66f4\u7cdf\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u53f0\u4e0b\u89c0\u773e\u7fa4\u4e2d\u9084\u6709\u5993\u5973\u5728\u5834\u2500\u2500\u6216\u8005\u61c9\u8a72\u8aaa\u5979\u5011\u53ea\u662f\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u5927\u5ef3\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u5011\u4e26\u4e0d\u7d14\u7136\u662f\u300c\u89c0\u773e\u300d\u3002\u6839\u64daChant\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u4e0d\u662f\u4f86\u770b\u8868\u6f14\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f86\u958b\u767c\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u3002\u5979\u90a3\u6b21\u67e5\u8a2a\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u8a18\u8f09\u5728\u300a\u7cfe\u5bdf\u8a18\u9304\u300b\uff08Viglilance Record<\/em>\uff09\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e9b\u5973\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u6fc3\u599d\u8c54\u62b9\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7a7f\u8457\u975e\u5e38\u6f02\u4eae\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u4e26\u672a\u9032\u5165\u524d\u6392\u5ea7\u4f4d\u89c0\u8cde\u6f14\u51fa\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5750\u5728\u9577\u6905\u6216\u6c99\u767c\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5728\u6a13\u68af\u9802\u7aef\u4f54\u597d\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ed4\u7d30\u89c0\u5bdf\u5728\u6b65\u9053\u4e0a\u7684\u7537\u58eb\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u4eba\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u7537\u58eb\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u76f8\u4f34\uff0c\u9802\u591a\u5c31\u662f\u548c\u540c\u985e\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u5979\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e2d\u5e74\u5973\u4eba\u5c07\u5176\u4ed6\u5973\u4eba\u4ecb\u7d39\u7d66\u4e00\u7fa4\u7537\u58eb\u2026\u6232\u9662\u7684\u4f8d\u8005\u770b\u4f86\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u4eba\u90fd\u5f88\u53cb\u5584\u3002[3]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\u986f\u793a\u5e1d\u570b\u6232\u9662\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u5716\u76f8\u7576\u77e5\u60c5\u2500\u2500\u5979\u5011\u662f\u5e38\u5ba2\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n

1894\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u502b\u6566\u5340\u8b70\u6703\uff08London County Council\uff09\u57f7\u7167\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u958b\u6703\u5be9\u6838\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u7684\u6f14\u51fa\u57f7\u7167\u7533\u8acb\uff0c\u904e\u53bb\u502b\u6566\u56db\u767e\u5bb6\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u7684\u57f7\u7167\u5be9\u67e5\u90fd\u7531\u5730\u65b9\u884c\u653f\u9577\u5b98\u88c1\u6c7a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f1888\u5e74\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u6cd5\u6848\uff08Local Government Act\uff09\u8a8d\u5b9a\u5340\u8b70\u6703\u70ba\u502b\u6566\u7684\u884c\u653f\u4e3b\u7ba1\u55ae\u4f4d\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u628a\u57f7\u7167\u6b0a\u6b78\u5c6c\u8b70\u6703\u3002Chant\u51fa\u5e2d\u4e86\u6b64\u9805\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u4ee5\u821e\u53f0\u8868\u6f14\u6709\u7919\u98a8\u5316\u548c\u6232\u9662\u5167\u6df7\u4e82\u7121\u5e8f\u70ba\u7531\uff0c\u676f\u845b\u5e1d\u570b\u6232\u9662\u6f14\u51fa\u57f7\u7167\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u96d6\u7136Chant\u50be\u5411\u6d88\u9664\u6240\u6709\u58ae\u843d\u6557\u5fb7\u7684\u5a1b\u6a02\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u6975\u529b\u5f37\u8abf\u81ea\u5df1\u4e26\u975e\u53cd\u5c0d\u5a1b\u6a02\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u5979\u5805\u6301\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u6e05\u6559\u5f92\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u6e1b\u5c11\u5a1b\u6a02\u2026\u4f46\u662f\u5a1b\u6a02\u5fc5\u9808\u9ad8\u5c1a\u6587\u96c5\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u6557\u58de\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u4fbf\u6377\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u80fd\u70ba\u6557\u5fb7\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u63d0\u4f9b\u6b63\u7576\u6a5f\u6703\u300d[4]<\/a>\u3002Chant\u9084\u53ec\u96c6\u4e00\u6279\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u4f5c\u70ba\u8b49\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u82f1\u570b\u5973\u6027\u7981\u9152\u5354\u6703\u6703\u9577Isabel Somerset\uff0c\u7981\u9152\u904b\u52d5\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u517c\u722d\u53d6\u5973\u6027\u52de\u5de5\u6b0a\u76ca\u904b\u52d5\u8005Sarah Amos\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u4e26\u975e\u6240\u6709\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u90fd\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u8209\u52d5\u9f13\u638c\u53eb\u597d\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0cJosephine Butler\u5c31\u544a\u8a34\u5979\u7684\u597d\u53cb\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u6211\u8a66\u8457\u4e0d\u6d89\u5165\u300c\u5e1d\u570b\u300d\u885d\u7a81\u4e8b\u4ef6\u2026\u6211\u4e0d\u65b7\u8868\u9054\u6297\u8b70\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u4e0d\u8a8d\u70ba\u4efb\u4f55\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6539\u9769\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u5916\u5728\u7684\u93ae\u58d3\u4f86\u9054\u6210\u2026\u53ea\u8981\u9019\u4e9b\u500b\u4eba\u884c\u70ba\u5408\u5b9c\u5c31\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u9a37\u64fe\u5979\u5011\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u2026\u7528\u5916\u5728\u7684\u61f2\u7f70\u65b9\u5f0f\u8ffd\u6355\u5979\u5011\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u903c\u4f7f\u5979\u5011\u96e2\u958b\u67d0\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u3002[5]<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u4ee5\u93ae\u58d3\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\u4f86\u56de\u61c9\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u5426\u9069\u7576\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u56f0\u64feJosephine Butler\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u6b64\u523b\u66f4\u52a0\u56b4\u91cd\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4e0d\u5c11\u904e\u53bb\u5728\u6027\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u4e8b\u4e0a\u4e3b\u5f35\u653e\u4efb\u653f\u7b56\uff08laissez-faire\uff09\u6216\u53cd\u5c0d\u570b\u5bb6\u5e72\u9810\uff08anti-statist\uff09\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\uff0c\u5230\u4e861880\u548c1890\u5e74\u4ee3\u537b\u958b\u59cb\u63a1\u53d6\u93ae\u58d3\u7684\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u7a4d\u6975\u95dc\u9589\u5993\u9662\u3001\u6e05\u9664\u6d41\u9daf\u3001\u4e26\u675c\u7d55\u4e00\u5207\u6deb\u7a62\u7684\uff08\u6587\u5b78\u6216\u6b4c\u821e\uff09\u4f11\u9592\u3002\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u4eba\u6703\u8868\u73fe\u5f97\u5982\u6b64\u6fc0\u70c8\u5462\ufe56<\/p>\n

\u5211\u6cd5\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\uff08The Criminal Law Amendment\uff09\u8207\u5168\u570b\u7cfe\u5bdf\u5354\u6703\uff08The National Vigilance Association–NVA\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7576\u6642\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5c07\u516c\u79c1\u9818\u57df\u5167\u7684\u300c\u6de8\u5316\u300d\u548c\u300c\u6587\u660e\u300d\u8996\u70ba\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6a19\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u4e3b\u8981\u4f86\u81ea\u4e2d\u3001\u4e0a\u968e\u7d1a\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u5c0d\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u300c\u6587\u660e\u300d\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u6e34\u671b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u90e8\u4efd\u51fa\u81ea\u7576\u6642\u5979\u5011\u6240\u5c6c\u7684\u968e\u7d1a\u5c0d\u4e0b\u5c64\u4eba\u6c11\u66b4\u52d5\u7684\u6050\u61fc\u30021880\u5e74\u4ee3\u662f\u4f4e\u5229\u6f64\u3001\u9ad8\u5931\u696d\u7387\u3001\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u5faa\u74b0\u6027\u7d93\u6fdf\u856d\u689d\u3001\u548c\u9577\u671f\u4f4f\u5c4b\u77ed\u7f3a\u7684\u9ed1\u6697\u671f\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u52a0\u4e0a\u65b0\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u767c\u5c55\u2500\u2500\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8208\u8d77\u3001\u5de5\u6703\u601d\u60f3\u5f62\u6210\u3001\u5916\u570b\u7684\u7121\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u548c\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u79fb\u5165\u502b\u6566\u6771\u5340\uff08\u7de8\u6309\uff1a\u8ca7\u6c11\u5340\uff09\u2500\u2500\u90fd\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6709\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u5617\u8a66\u91cd\u65b0\u5851\u9020\u52de\u52d5\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6c23\u606f\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u9f13\u52f5\u52de\u52d5\u968e\u7d1a\u5b78\u7fd2\u300c\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u300d\u7684\u9ad8\u5c1a\u6587\u96c5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u900f\u904e\u7acb\u6cd5\u548c\u6148\u5584\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f86\u9054\u6210\u9019\u500b\u76ee\u6a19[6]<\/a>\u3002\u6557\u5fb7\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u548c\u6fc0\u9032\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4fe1\u5ff5\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52d5\u540c\u6a23\u53ef\u7591\uff1b\u7684\u78ba\uff0c\u5728\u7dad\u591a\u5229\u4e9e\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u9053\u5fb7\u6539\u9769\u548c\u793e\u6703\u6539\u9769\u5408\u6d41[7]<\/a>\uff0c\u5c31\u9023\u90a3\u4e9b\u4eca\u65e5\u770b\u4f86\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u300c\u7269\u8cea\u300d\u5c64\u9762\u7684\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u5145\u65a5\u8457\u9053\u5fb7\u6539\u9769\u7684\u617e\u671b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u95dc\u5207\u6539\u5584\u52de\u52d5\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u5c45\u4f4f\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u76f8\u4fe1\u904e\u5206\u64c1\u64e0\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u53ef\u80fd\u9f13\u52f5\u4e82\u502b\u548c\u96db\u5993\u7684\u7522\u751f[8]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bd4\u8f03\u9ad8\u96c5\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u968e\u7d1a\u53d7\u5230\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u5584\u610f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53e6\u5916\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u300c\u5371\u96aa\u968e\u7d1a\u300d\u7684\u7aae\u4eba\u5247\u53d7\u5230\u66f4\u5f37\u5236\u7684\u76e3\u63a7\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u906d\u53d7\u66f4\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u5e72\u9810\u2500\u25001880\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u793e\u6703\u6de8\u5316\u904b\u52d5\u6b63\u662f\u9019\u500b\u65b0\u5e72\u9810\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u3002Walkowitz\u6307\u51fa[9]<\/a>\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u7576\u6642\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u904b\u52d5\u4ecd\u7136\u8986\u8aa6\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5f0f\u6539\u9769\u4ee5\u53ca\u7fa9\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u820a\u8aaa\u8a5e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u537b\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u6295\u5411\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u61f7\u62b1\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u5979\u5011\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u76ee\u6a19\u3002\u9019\u9ebc\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u6027\u4ea4\u6613\u88ab\u7576\u6210\u5e72\u9810\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5834\u57df\u5c31\u4e0d\u8db3\u70ba\u5947\u4e86\uff1b\u7562\u7adf\uff0c\u8ce3\u6deb\u4e00\u5411\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u57ce\u5e02\u4e2d\u5371\u96aa\u548c\u812b\u5e8f\u7684\u8868\u5fb5[10]<\/a>\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6216\u8a31\u90e8\u4efd\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u793e\u6703\u6de8\u5316\u904b\u52d5\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u4ee5\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u6210\u54e1\u7684\u8eab\u5206\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u66f4\u662f\u9577\u5e74\u5c31\u5728\u505a\u6148\u5584\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005[11]<\/a>\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u5979\u5011\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u5148\u63a2\u7a76\u5979\u5011\u60f3\u6de8\u5316\u516c\u79c1\u9818\u57df\u7684\u7570\u8c61\u5f9e\u4f55\u800c\u4f86\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5979\u5011\u89ba\u5f97\u61c9\u8a72\u7528\u4ec0\u9ebc\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u9054\u6210\u60f3\u671b\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u3002\u793e\u6703\u6de8\u5316\u904b\u52d5\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u7684\u9858\u666f\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u53d7\u5230\u67d0\u4e9b\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u5ff5\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u7d93\u5e38\u53d7\u5230\u7981\u9152\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u7981\u617e\u50be\u5411\u5f71\u97ff\u800c\u8996\u5973\u6027\u70ba\u7537\u6027\u9152\u5f8c\u4e82\u6027\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5728\u884c\u52d5\u4e0a\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u6703\u63a1\u53d6\u93ae\u58d3\u6216\u570b\u5bb6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u548c\u5979\u5011\u6148\u5584\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u3001\u5979\u5011\u5c0d\u5973\u6027\u6027\u617e\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5979\u5011\u5c0d\u672c\u5730\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u9996\u5148\u8981\u5f04\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u7fa4\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u6240\u53c3\u8207\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u300c\u93ae\u58d3\u300d\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u5167\u5bb9\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u9019\u500b\u660e\u986f\u7684\u5927\u9006\u8f49\u8981\u8ffd\u6eaf\u52301870\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u90a3\u6642Josephine Butler\u6b63\u81f4\u529b\u5ee2\u9664\u300c\u50b3\u67d3\u75c5\u6cd5\u6848\u300d\uff08The Contagious Disease Acts\uff0c\u7c21\u7a31C.D.\u6cd5\u6848\uff09\u30021860\u5e74\u4ee3\u5efa\u7acb\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\u6848\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u898f\u7bc4\u8ce3\u6deb\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c0d\u6297\u6027\u75c5\u5728\u9678\u8ecd\u548c\u6d77\u8ecd\u4e4b\u4e2d\u6d41\u50b3\u8513\u5ef6\uff0c\u5230\u4e861870\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u798f\u97f3\u6559\u6d3e\u3001\u52de\u52d5\u968e\u7d1a\u6fc0\u9032\u4efd\u5b50\u3001\u548c\u7531Butler\u6240\u9818\u5c0e\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6d3b\u8e8d\u5718\u9ad4\u7d50\u6210\u806f\u76df\uff0c\u767c\u51fa\u53cd\u5c0d\u6b64\u6cd5\u6848\u7684\u8072\u6d6a\u3002\u9019\u5e7e\u500b\u7570\u8cea\u7684\u5718\u9ad4\u4e00\u8d77\u5de5\u4f5c\u7576\u7136\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u5011\u4ecd\u7136\u8d0f\u5f97\u4e86\u8db3\u5920\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u54e1\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u57281883\u5e74\u61f8\u7f6e\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\u6848[12]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7d93\u904e15\u5e74\u7684\u596e\u9b25\uff0c\u5230\u4e861885\u5e74\u5927\u5bb6\u5df2\u7d93\u5f88\u6a02\u89c0\u5730\u8a8d\u70ba\u50b3\u67d3\u75c5\u6cd5\u6848\u7684\u5ee2\u6b62\u6307\u65e5\u53ef\u5f85\u3002\u90a3\u5e74\u6625\u5929Josephine Butler\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u6f14\u8b1b\u4e2d\u900f\u9732\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u95dc\u5207\u2500\u2500\u5979\u5011\u4e4b\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u300c\u93ae\u58d3\u8005\u300d\uff1a\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u60f3\u8981\u5ee2\u5a3c\u4e26\u900f\u904e\u93ae\u58d3\u4f86\u5f15\u9032\u9053\u5fb7\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u523b\uff0cButler\u975e\u5e38\u5805\u5b9a\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u9019\u4e9b\u4eba\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6575\u4eba\u2026\u96d6\u7136\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u5979\u5011\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u4ecd\u662f\u771f\u5fc3\u5730\u5e0c\u671b\u6d88\u9664\u8ce3\u6deb\u3002\u90a3\u4e9bC.D.\u6cd5\u6848\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u5247\u6070\u6070\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u8ce3\u6deb\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u2026\u6211\u7684\u5167\u5fc3\u71b1\u5207\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u8aaa\u670d\u90a3\u4e00\u5927\u7fa4\u93ae\u58d3\u8005\u52a0\u5165\u6211\u5011\u9019\u4e00\u908a\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u2026\u8d70\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u7d55\u5c0d\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u5011\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8aaa\u670d\u7684\u3002[13]<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

C.D.\u6cd5\u6848\u57281886\u5e74\u88ab\u64a4\u92b7\u3002\u4e00\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0cButler\u5c0d\u93ae\u58d3\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u95dc\u5207\u6709\u589e\u7121\u6e1b\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u82f1\u570b\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u793e\u6703\u6de8\u5316\u7d44\u7e54\u2500\u2500\u300c\u5168\u570b\u7cfe\u5bdf\u5354\u6703\u300d\uff08NVA\uff09\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u8a31\u591a\u4e3b\u5f35\u64a4C.D.\u6cd5\u6848\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u8005\u90fd\u52a0\u5165\u4e86NVA[14]<\/a>\uff0c\u9023Josephine Butler\u4e5f\u639b\u540d\u5176\u4e2d\u3002NVA\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u5c64\u9762\uff0c\u5b83\u70ba\u7121\u6578\u906d\u53d7\u6027\u4fb5\u5bb3\u3001\u5f37\u66b4\u3001\u548c\u300c\u52fe\u5f15\u300d\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u63f4\u52a9\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u63d0\u4f9b\u8faf\u8b77\u5f8b\u5e2b\uff1b\u5b83\u4e3b\u5f35\u8a2d\u7acb\u5973\u6027\u884c\u653f\u9996\u9577\u3001\u5973\u8b66\uff0c\u4e26\u767c\u52d5\u904b\u52d5\u4ee5\u6539\u8b8a\u548c\u6027\u4fb5\u72af\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u2500\u2500\u5982\u540c\u5927\u591a\u6578\u793e\u6703\u6de8\u5316\u7d44\u7e54\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5b83\u5c07\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8996\u70ba\u300c\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u8001\u5e2b\u300d\uff08school-master to the nation\uff09[15]<\/a>\u3002Butler\u5c0dNVA\u7684\u9019\u4e9b\u63aa\u65bd\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u8b9a\u63da\uff0c\u5979\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\u5247\u4e3b\u8981\u76f8\u95dc\u6de8\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u9762\uff1a\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5211\u6cd5\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u4e2d\u90a3\u4e9b\u6709\u95dc\u5993\u9662\u7684\u689d\u6b3e\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u3002Butler\u96d6\u7136\u8a8d\u70ba\u7acb\u6cd5\u6709\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6f5b\u5728\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u53cd\u5c0d\u93ae\u58d3\u5f0f\u7684\u904b\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u4e0aButler\u4e26\u975e\u5b64\u8ecd\u596e\u9b25\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8001\u5c07\u800c\u4e14\u540c\u6a23\u4e3b\u5f35\u64a4\u92b7C.D.\u6cd5\u6848\u7684Elizabeth Wolstenhelme Elmy\u4e5f\u540c\u6a23\u64d4\u6182\uff0c\u300c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5341\u4e03\u5e74\u4f86\u548c\u6211\u4e26\u80a9\u52aa\u529b\u5ee2\u9664C.D.\u6cd5\u6848\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u67d0\u500b\u5947\u602a\u7684\u626d\u66f2\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u7adf\u7136\u8a8d\u53ef\u4e26\u638c\u63a7\u6b98\u9177\u93ae\u58d3\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u300d[16]<\/a>\uff1b\u524d\u9762\u8aaa\u5230\u7684Mrs. Chant\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5979\u662f\u4e3b\u5f35\u64a4\u92b7C.D.\u6cd5\u6848\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7d44\u7e54\u300c\u5168\u570b\u4ed5\u5973\u5354\u6703\u300d\uff08Ladies National Association\uff09\u7684\u6210\u54e1\uff0c\u4e5f\u662fNVA\u7684\u6210\u54e1\u3002\u5728\u52aa\u529b\u5341\u5e74\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0cButler\u81ea\u6043\u5df2\u7121\u6cd5\u8aaa\u670d\u9019\u4e9b\u4eba\uff0c\u5979\u8a9e\u91cd\u5fc3\u9577\u5730\u8b66\u544a\u5de5\u4f5c\u5925\u4f34\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5c0f\u5fc3\u300c\u6de8\u5316\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u300d\u2026\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u96a8\u6642\u90fd\u6703\u63a5\u53d7\u800c\u4e14\u80cc\u66f8\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u6703\u63a5\u53d7\u4e26\u4e14\u80cc\u66f8\u5404\u7a2e\u5f37\u5236\u7684\u3001\u8e10\u8e0f\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u985e\u540c\u80de\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u2026\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u4ee5\u70ba\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5f37\u8feb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u4eba\u9053\u5fb7\u2026\u800c\u4e14\u4ee5\u70ba\u9019\u9ebc\u505a\u2026\u5c31\u6703\u4fc3\u9032\u793e\u6703\u6de8\u5316[17]<\/a>\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Butler\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u6240\u6307\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5c31\u662fNVA\uff08\u5168\u570b\u7cfe\u5bdf\u5354\u6703\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u793e\u6703\u6de8\u5316\u904b\u52d5\u8005\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u57281885\u5e74\u7d44\u6210NVA\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u78ba\u4fdd\u8a72\u5e74\u5211\u6cd5\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5728\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u5df2\u7d93\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u90a3\u5e74\u4e03\u6708\uff0cPall Mall Gazette<\/em>\u5831\u7684\u4e3b\u7de8W.T. Stead\u8073\u52d5\u7684\u300c\u63ed\u9732\u300d\u4e86\u502b\u6566\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u8ce3\u6deb\u548c\u903c\u826f\u70ba\u5a3c\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\u6848\u5728\u570b\u6703\u5306\u5306\u901a\u904e\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5169\u5e74\uff0c\u5211\u6cd5\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u591a\u6b21\u95d6\u95dc\u4e0d\u6210\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u6240\u63d0\u7684\u6cd5\u6848\u90fd\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u63d0\u9ad8\u81ea\u4e3b\u884c\u70ba\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5e74\u9f61\uff0c\u4e26\u4fee\u6539\u6027\u4fb5\u5bb3\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u9019\u4e9b\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6cd5\u6848\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5404\u7a2e\u6709\u95dc\u62c9\u5ba2\u548c\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u93ae\u58d3\u5f0f\u689d\u6b3e\u3002\u7576\u6642\u6709\u500b\u300c\u7dad\u8b77\u500b\u4eba\u6b0a\u76ca\u7cfe\u5bdf\u5354\u6703\u300d\uff08The Vigilance Association for the Defence of Personal Right\uff09\uff08\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u5c31\u53ea\u88ab\u4eba\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u7cfe\u5bdf\u5354\u6703\u300d\uff09\u2500\u2500Josephine Butler\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8a31\u591a\u4e3b\u5f35\u5ee2\u9664C.D.\u6cd5\u6848\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u9019\u500b\u7d44\u7e541871\u5e74\u7684\u5275\u59cb\u5143\u8001\u2500\u2500\u5bc6\u5207\u6ce8\u610f\u6bcf\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u4fee\u8a02\u7248\u672c\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6a19\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u7dad\u8b77\u500b\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u800c\u53cd\u5c0d\u300c\u904e\u5ea6\u7acb\u6cd5\u300d\uff0c\u5c0d\u6700\u7d42\u901a\u904e\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4e5f\u53ea\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8b39\u614e\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff08\u9644\u5e36\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u63d0\u53ca\u628a\u7537\u6027\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6557\u5fb7\u884c\u70ba\u52a0\u4ee5\u5b9a\u7f6a\u7684\u689d\u6b3e\uff09\uff1b\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u8b66\u544a\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7121\u8ad6\u6cd5\u5f8b\u672c\u8eab\u591a\u9ebc\u516c\u6b63\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u88ab\u6b63\u78ba\u5730\u3001\u667a\u6167\u5730\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u4ee5\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u500b\u6848\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6975\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u6709\u4e0d\u7576\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u2026\u6709\u4e9b\u81ea\u9858\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5617\u8a66\u57f7\u884c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u2026\u800c\u4e14\u5f88\u96e3\u4fdd\u8b49\u2026\u5979\u5011\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u6642\u6703\u8b39\u614e\u5c0f\u5fc3\u548c\u516c\u6b63\u4e0d\u963f\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u9019\u7a2e\u81ea\u9858\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u591a\u534a\u4f9d\u9644\u5728NVA\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u800c\u300c\u7dad\u8b77\u500b\u4eba\u6b0a\u76ca\u7cfe\u5bdf\u5354\u6703\u300d\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u6effNVA\u7576\u6642\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u9078\u64c7\uff1a\u65e2\u7136NVA\u300c\u76dc\u7528\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7f8e\u540d\u300d[18]<\/a>\uff0c\u7cfe\u5bdf\u5354\u6703\u5f8c\u4f86\u4fbf\u57281886\u5e74\u66f4\u540d\u70ba\u300c\u500b\u4eba\u6b0a\u5229\u5354\u6703\u300d\uff08Personal Rights Association, PRA\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7dad\u8b77\u500b\u4eba\u6b0a\u76ca\u7cfe\u5bdf\u5354\u6703\u539f\u672c\u662f\u652f\u6301\u65b0\u6cd5\u6848\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u7591\u616e\u3002\u5230\u4e861886\u5e74\u4e00\u6708\uff0c\u5b83\u5df2\u7d93\u548cJosephine Butler\u4e00\u6a23\u64d4\u5fc3\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\u6848\u90e8\u4efd\u689d\u6587\u7684\u5f37\u5236\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u548c\u300c\u7f6a\u60e1\u4f11\u9592\u7684\u6240\u5728\u300d\u2500\u2500\u5993\u9662\u2500\u2500\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u689d\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u7981\u5993\u9662<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u300c\u500b\u4eba\u6b0a\u5229\u5354\u6703\u300d\uff08PRA\uff09\u53cd\u5c0d\u95dc\u9589\u5993\u9662\uff0c\u4e26\u6307\u51fa\u9019\u7a2e\u7d50\u679c\u300c\u5f37\u5316\u4e86\u96d9\u91cd\u6a19\u6e96\u2026\u5b83\u8feb\u5bb3\u5973\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u7537\u4eba\u5247\u5e73\u5b89\u7121\u4e8b\u300d\uff08\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u6301\u5e73\u7684\u8aaa\uff0cNVA\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u6210\u54e1\u4e5f\u78ba\u5be6\u5e0c\u671b\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u6cd5\u898f\u80fd\u66f4\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u7537\u5973\u5169\u6027\uff09\u3002PRA\u4e5f\u53cd\u5c0d\u5728\u95dc\u9589\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u66b4\u9732\u51fa\u7684\u968e\u7d1a\u6b67\u8996\uff1a\u4e0a\u6d41\u5993\u9662\u2500\u2500\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u6642\u5c1a\u4e4b\u5c4b\u300d\uff08fashionable house\uff09\u2500\u2500\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u88ab\u78b0\u89f8\uff0cPRA\u4e26\u4e14\u8b74\u8cac\u90a3\u4e9b\u6210\u70ba\u5f37\u5236\u57f7\u6cd5\u5e6b\u5147\u7684\u7d44\u7e54[21]<\/a>\u3002Henrietta Muller\u540c\u6642\u662fNVA\uff08\u95dc\u9589\u5993\u9662\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u63a8\u52d5\u8005\uff09\u548cPRA\u5169\u500b\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u6210\u54e1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u9a37\u64fe\u5993\u5973\u7684\u8b70\u984c\u4e0a\uff0c\u5979\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u81ea\u5df1\u61c9\u8a72\u7ad9\u5728\u54ea\u500b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5c0d\u6211\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8eab\u70ba\u5973\u4eba\u5c31\u64c1\u6709\u505a\u70ba\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5993\u5973\u4e5f\u4e00\u6a23\u2026\u5f88\u5766\u767d\u7684\u8aaa\uff0c\u7576\u6211\u53bb\u90a3\u4e9b\u5993\u5973\u6240\u5728\u7684\u3001\u4e5f\u662f\u7537\u4eba\u7d93\u5e38\u51fa\u6c92\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6642\uff08\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u548c\u502b\u6566\uff0c\u6211\u90fd\u5230\u904e\u90a3\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u6beb\u4e0d\u9072\u7591\u7684\u8aaa\uff1a\u6211\u5c0d\u90a3\u4e9b\u7d93\u904e\u6211\u8eab\u65c1\u7684\u5993\u5973\u81c9\u4e0a\u6240\u6d41\u9732\u51fa\u7684\u6182\u9b31\u548c\u54c0\u50b7\u611f\u540c\u8eab\u53d7\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u6211\u7684\u597d\u59ca\u59b9\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u72c0\u6cc1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u6211\u9084\u9053\u5fb7\u9ad8\u8d85\u3002[22]<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u7576\u5993\u9662\u95dc\u9589\u6642\uff0c\u5993\u5973\u5011\u88ab\u8d95\u5230\u8857\u982d\uff0c\u7121\u8655\u53ef\u53bb\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u5993\u5973\u5f8c\u4f86\u56e0\u5728\u8857\u982d\u904a\u8569\u800c\u88ab\u6355\u5165\u7344\u3002Elizabeth Wolstenholme Elmy\u662fPRA\u7684\u6210\u54e1\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5979\u5c31\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u300c\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u82e6\u547d\u5973\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5993\u9662\u662f\u5979\u5011\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u300e\u5bb6\u300f\u300d\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u96e2\u958b\u5c31\u6703\u88ab\u8b66\u5bdf\u4ee5\u300c\u6e38\u624b\u597d\u9592\u3001\u59a8\u5bb3\u98a8\u5316\u300d\u7684\u540d\u7fa9\u5c07\u5979\u5011\u300c\u62d8\u6355\u300d\u3002\u5979\u4e26\u4e14\u9810\u6e2c\u9019\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u662f\u91cd\u65b0\u5f15\u5165C.D.\u6cd5\u6848\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u6b64\u4f86\u9810\u8b66\u300c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0a\u7684\u8001\u5925\u4f34\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u5df2\u7d93\u8a8d\u53ef\u4e86\u2026\u4e00\u7a2e\u6b98\u9177\u7684\u93ae\u58d3\u300d\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u300c\u5982\u6b64\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u6b67\u7570\u975e\u5e38\u75db\u82e6\u300d\uff0cElmy\u89ba\u5f97\u5979\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8ffd\u554f\u539f\u5148\u7684\u5925\u4f34\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7576\u5973\u4eba\u56e0\u516c\u5171\u885b\u751f\u4e4b\u540d\u88ab\uff08C.D.\u6cd5\u6848\uff09\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u300c\u62d8\u6355\u548c\u6aa2\u67e5\u300d\u6642\uff0c\u4f60\u66fe\u7d93\u6297\u8b70\u90a3\u662f\u300c\u9055\u61b2\u548c\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u300d\u7684\u55ce\ufe56\u73fe\u5728\u7576\u9019\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u4ee5\u516c\u773e\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u540d\u800c\u9032\u884c\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u5c31\u5408\u4e4e\u61b2\u6cd5\u548c\u516c\u5e73\u4e86\u55ce\uff1f\u2026\u6211\u63d0\u5230\u300c\u902e\u6355\u548c\u6aa2\u67e5\u300d\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u300c\u76e3\u7344\u6cd5\u300d\uff08Prison Act\uff09\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6aa2\u67e5\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u2026\u5728\u516c\u5171\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u6de8\u5316\u793e\u6703\u7684\u540d\u7fa9\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u90a3\u4e9b\u89c0\u5ff5\u504f\u5dee\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u5011\u5c07\u6703\u628a\u6211\u5011\u5e36\u56de\u5230\u5979\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u66fe\u7d93\u53cd\u5c0d\u904e\u7684\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u865f\u7a31\u70ba\u4e86\u516c\u5171\u885b\u751f\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u800c\u6b98\u9177\u8feb\u5bb3\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u8001\u8def\u4e0a\u3002[23]<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u8af7\u523a\u7684\u662f\uff0cNVA\u5728\u5176\u5f8c\u5169\u5e74\u7531Chant\u4e3b\u7de8\u7684\u300a\u7cfe\u5bdf\u8a18\u9304\u300b\u4e2d\u8a73\u7d30\u8a18\u8f09\u4e86\u7cfe\u5bdf\u5718\u9ad4\u5728\u95dc\u9589\u5993\u9662\u6642\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u300c\u597d\u4e8b\u300d\uff08good work\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cNVA\u4e5f\u9762\u81e8\u4e00\u500b\u53cd\u8986\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u554f\u984c\u2500\u2500\u5993\u5973\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u9858\u300c\u96e2\u958b\u5979\u5011\u90a3\u7a2e\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u58ae\u843d\u7f6a\u60e1\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u300d\u3002\u5728\u300c\u502b\u6566\u7cfe\u5bdf\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u806f\u76df\u300d\uff08London Societies of Vigilance Committees\uff09\u7684\u6703\u8b70\u4e2d\uff0cNVA\u7684\u79d8\u66f8William Coote\u63d0\u51fa\u8b66\u544a\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7cfe\u5bdf\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u8457\u529b\u65bc\u95dc\u9589\u5993\u9662\uff0c\u52e2\u5fc5\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5371\u96aa\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u53ea\u63a8\u52d5\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c07\u6703\u628a\u7f6a\u60e1\u903c\u5230\u66f4\u6df1\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u53bb\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u6bcf\u6b21\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u90fd\u61c9\u8a72\u8a66\u8457\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u4f4f\u5728\u7f6a\u60e1\u4e4b\u5c4b\u4e2d\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u5f15\u5c0e\u5230\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0a\u53bb\u3002[24]<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1Coote\u5982\u6b64\u5ba3\u793a\uff0c\u9019\u9805\u300c\u63f4\u6551\u300d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e00\u9ede\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6210\u529f\u2500\u2500\u81f3\u5c11\u5c0d\u5df2\u95dc\u9589\u7684\u5993\u9662\u7684\u4f4f\u6c11\u800c\u8a00\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u30021887\u5e74Chant\u9019\u6a23\u63cf\u8ff0\u300c\u4e00\u9593\u672a\u6a19\u660e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u90aa\u60e1\u4e4b\u5c4b\uff08\u5993\u9662\uff09\u7684\u95dc\u9589\u300d\uff1a\u300c\u5c4b\u5167\u7684\u5973\u5b69\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u62ef\u6551\uff0c\u623f\u5b50\u4e5f\u6709\u5f85\u6e05\u6383\u2026\u4f46\u662f\u7d72\u6beb\u4e0d\u898b\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u4eba\u6709\u60f3\u9003\u96e2\u7f6a\u60e1\u751f\u6daf\u7684\u610f\u9858\u2026\u6700\u5f8c\u6211\u5011\u53ea\u597d\u5411\u90a3\u9593\u623f\u5b50\u767c\u52d5\u653b\u64ca\u3002\u300d\u5979\u5011\u4e00\u7fa4\u4eba\u95d6\u5165\u5c4b\u5167\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4f4d\u5973\u5b69\u88ab\u4ea4\u7d66\u4e00\u4f4d\u5973\u6027\u7684\u63f4\u6551\u8005\u7167\u9867\uff0c\u63f4\u6551\u8005\u5247\u52d5\u4e4b\u4ee5\u60c5\uff0c\u8aaa\u4e4b\u4ee5\u7406\uff0c\u8a98\u4e4b\u4ee5\u5229\u5730\u2026\u52f8\u5979\u653e\u68c4\u90a3\u500b\u6bc0\u4e86\u5979\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5979\u2026\u5247\u5014\u5f37\u5730\u4e00\u518d\u91cd\u7533\uff0c\u5979\u5e0c\u671b\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u9019\u500b\u5728\u5979\u300c\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u9858\u300d\u4e4b\u4e0b\u9078\u64c7\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c[25]<\/a>\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u6b21\u5e74NVA\u5728Aldershot\u5340\u95dc\u9589\u4e86\u4e00\u6574\u500b\u7d05\u71c8\u5340\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u4ee4NVA\u975e\u5e38\u5931\u671b\u3002\u9019\u500b\u7d05\u71c8\u5340\u662f\u7531\u4e09\u689d\u9130\u8fd1\u7684\u8857\u9053\u4e0a\u8d85\u904e30\u9593\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u300c\u6557\u5fb7\u300d\u5993\u9662\u7d44\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u4e2d\u9593\u6709\u4e00\u9593\u5ec1\u6240\u3002\u7576NVA\u88ab\u554f\u5230\u4ed6\u5011\u8981\u5982\u4f55\u8655\u7406\u90a3400\u500b\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u884c\u52d5\u800c\u7121\u5bb6\u53ef\u6b78\u7684\u5973\u5b69\u548c\u5c0f\u5b69\u6642\uff0cCoote\u5728\u516c\u958b\u7684\u6cd5\u5ead\u4e0a\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4ed6\u9858\u610f\u7167\u9867\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5973\u5b69\u548c\u5c0f\u5b69\u2026\u53ea\u8981\u5979\u5011\u7a4d\u6975\u52aa\u529b\u6d3b\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u5c0a\u56b4\u7684\u3001\u8aa0\u5be6\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u300d\u3002\u4ed6\u5f8c\u4f86\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5834\u5408\u4e5f\u628a\u9019\u500b\u627f\u8afe\u91cd\u8ff0\u4e86\u5e7e\u6b21\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6839\u64daCoote\u81ea\u5df1\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e94\u3001\u516d\u4f4d\u5973\u5b69\u9858\u610f\u63a5\u53d7\u9019\u9805\u5e6b\u52a9[26]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

PRA\u6240\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u500b\u4eba\u6b0a\u5229\u671f\u520a\u300b\uff08Personal Rights Journal\uff09\u4e0a\u520a\u767b\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u7a0d\u665a\u800c\u4e14\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u5831\u544a\uff0c\u6697\u793a\u9858\u610f\u63a5\u53d7\u5e6b\u52a9\u7684\u4eba\u6578\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u4f4e\u3002\u9019\u4efd\u671f\u520a\u5f15\u8ff0\u4e86NVA\u5c0d\u7121\u5bb6\u53ef\u6b78\u5973\u5b69\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u672c\u5354\u6703\u52c7\u6562\u7684\ufe5d\uff01\ufe5e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7167\u9867\u5979\u5011\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u96d6\u7136\u670934\u4f4d\u88ab\u5e36\u5230\u7576\u5730\u7684\u91ab\u9662\uff0c\u537b\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u6709\u610f\u9858\u63a5\u53d7\u6211\u5011\u7684\u300c\u4fdd\u8b77\u300d\uff08PROTECTION\uff09\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u904e\u7d14\u6f54\u548c\u8aa0\u5be6\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u3010\u300a\u500b\u4eba\u6b0a\u5229\u671f\u520a\u300b\u81ea\u5df1\u52a0\u4e0a\u7684\u9a5a\u6b4e\u865f\u548c\u5927\u5beb\u5b57\u6bcd\u3011<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u300a\u500b\u4eba\u6b0a\u5229\u671f\u520a\u300b\u8af7\u523a\u7684\u8a55\u8ad6\u9053\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5f88\u96e3\u8aaa\u54ea\u4e00\u500b\u73fe\u8c61\u66f4\u70ba\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\uff1a\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u6709\u529b\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u52c7\u6c23\u5c07\u7121\u5bb6\u53ef\u6b78\u3001\u8d70\u6295\u7121\u8def\u7684\u5973\u5b69\u5011\u585e\u9032\u4ee5\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u5916\u79d1\u6aa2\u9a57\u76f8\u5f85\u7684\u91ab\u9662\uff1f\u6216\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u9858\u63a5\u53d7\u300c\u4fdd\u8b77\u300d\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u5947\u7279\u8868\u73fe\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u5f88\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u9019\u56db\u767e\u4f4d\u5973\u5b69\u4e2d\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u5973\u5b69\u5f8c\u4f86\u600e\u9ebc\u6a23\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u90a3\u552f\u4e00\u300c\u9858\u610f\u300d\u88ab\u5f15\u9818\u5230\u6bba\u622e\u4e4b\u5730\u7684\u7f94\u7f8a\u662f\u5426\u662f\u88abAldershot\u8b66\u65b9\u7684\u6eab\u67d4\u9b54\u638c\u5f15\u53bb\u7684\ufe56[27]<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u9019\u4efd\u671f\u520a\u9084\u547d\u540dNVA\u70ba\u300c\u5f31\u52e2\u8005\u8eab\u4e0a\u7684\u7cfe\u5bdf\u5370\u300d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5370\u6a21\u4e2d\u9084\u5305\u62ec\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u6700\u6709\u540d\u7684\u5c31\u662fMrs. Millicent Fawcett[28]<\/a>\u548cMrs. Chant\u3002<\/p>\n

\u548c\u300a\u500b\u4eba\u6b0a\u5229\u671f\u520a\u300b\u76f8\u8f03\uff0cHants and Surrey Times<\/em>\u5247\u865b\u507d\u7684\u5ba3\u7a31\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5bb9\u5fcd\u9019\u7a2e\u4e0d\u826f\u55dc\u597d\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u6709\u640d\u93ae\u4e0a\u7684\u540d\u8b7d\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u5bb3\u5e74\u8f15\u4eba\u7684\u798f\u5229\u2026\u6211\u5011\u7d93\u5e38\u5728\u4e3b\u8981\u8857\u9053\u4e0a\u898b\u5230\u7684\u8072\u8272\u4e0d\u826f\u55dc\u597d\u4e00\u5b9a\u6703\u5e36\u4f86\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u6dea\u843d[29]<\/a>\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u7136\u800cHants and Surrey Times<\/em>\uff08\u4ee5\u53caNVA\uff09\u90fd\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u5bdf\u89ba\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u77db\u76fe\uff1a\u95dc\u9589\u5993\u9662\u6975\u53ef\u80fd\u589e\u52a0\u8857\u4e0a\u62c9\u5ba2\u7684\u6578\u91cf\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u53ef\u898b\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u8072\u8272\u4e0d\u826f\u55dc\u597d\u7684\u660e\u986f\u300c\u589e\u52a0\u300d\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u9858\u300c\u4efb\u4eba\u5bb0\u5272\u300d\u7684\u5993\u5973\u4e2d\uff0c\u670990\u4eba\u8d70\u4e0aAldershot\u8857\u982d\u9032\u884c\u6297\u722d\uff0c\u56db\u500b\u4e00\u6392\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u9f13\u624b\u7684\u5e36\u9818\u4e0b\uff0c\u9084\u908a\u8d70\u908a\u5531\u6b4c\u3002\u300a\u827e\u5fb7\u590f\u7279\u516c\u5831\u300b\uff08The Aldershot Gazette<\/em>\uff09\u5341\u5206\u9707\u9a5a\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u60e1\u52a3\u7684\u666f\u8c61\u300d\uff08\u201dA very bad sight was witnessed\u201d\uff09[30]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u8207Mrs. Laura Chant<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u751f\u65bc1848\u5e74\u7684Laura Chant\u5728\u300c\u5973\u6027\u81ea\u7531\u806f\u76df\u300d\uff08Women’s Liberal Federation\uff09\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u4e2d\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u70ba\u722d\u53d6\u5973\u6027\u53c3\u653f\u6b0a\u3001\u7981\u9152\u904b\u52d5\u3001\u793e\u6703\u6de8\u5316\u904b\u52d5\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u653f\u6cbb\uff08Liberal Politcs\uff09\u4ed7\u7fa9\u57f7\u8a00\u7684\u5091\u51fa\u767c\u8a00\u4eba\uff0c\u5979\u4e5f\u5275\u4f5c\u8a69\u548c\u6b4c\u66f2\u30021888\u5e74\u7531Henrietta Muller\u6240\u4e3b\u7de8\u7684\u300a\u5973\u6027\u5ec9\u50f9\u5831\u300b\uff08Women’s Penny Paper<\/em>\uff09\u6307\u51fa\u5979\u662f\u300c\u5973\u6027\u8b1b\u8005\u4e2d\u6700\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u300d[31]<\/a>\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4efd\u7531\u7121\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5718\u9ad4\u300c\u6b63\u7d71\u806f\u76df\u300d\uff08The Legitimation League\uff09\u6240\u8fa6\u7684\u671f\u520a\u300a\u6210\u4eba\u300b\uff08The Adult<\/em>\uff09\u5247\u4e0d\u5ba2\u6c23\u7684\u8aaa\uff1a<\/p>\n

Mrs. Ormiston Chant\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e2d\u5e74\u5973\u58eb\uff0c\u5c0d\u53d7\u58d3\u8feb\u5a66\u5973\u5bc4\u4e88\u5f37\u5927\u540c\u60c5\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u96c4\u8faf\u7684\u53e3\u624d\uff0c\u6709\u9650\u7684\u667a\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u975e\u5e38\u7f3a\u4e4f\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u3001\u5e7d\u9ed8\u611f\u548c\u9060\u898b\u3002[32]<\/a><\/p>\n

Chant\u5c6c\u65bc\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u64a4\u92b7C.D.\u6cd5\u6848\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u300c\u5168\u570b\u4ed5\u5973\u5354\u6703\u300d\uff08Ladies National Association\uff09\uff0c\u5979\u4e5f\u81f4\u529b\u63a8\u52d5\u5973\u6027\u53c3\u8207\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u662fNVA\u7684\u5fe0\u8c9e\u6210\u54e1\uff0c\u4e5f\u662fNVA\u7684\u671f\u520a\u300a\u7cfe\u5bdf\u8a18\u9304\u300b\u7684\u7de8\u8f2f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8003\u91cf\u5979\u5c0dNVA\u7684\u5fe0\u8aa0\uff0cChant\u5c0d\u95dc\u9589\u5993\u9662\u7684\u652f\u6301\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u898b\u7684\u3002\u5979\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e3b\u8981\u51fa\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u66f4\u5bec\u5ee3\u7684\u7570\u8c61\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7570\u8c61\u727d\u6d89\u5230\u898f\u7bc4\u548c\u6aa2\u67e5\u6240\u6709\u300c\u4e0d\u826f\u55dc\u597d\u7684\u516c\u958b\u8a98\u60d1\u300d\u3002\u5993\u9662\u672c\u8eab\u8655\u5728\u516c\u79c1\u9818\u57df\u7684\u754c\u9650\u4e4b\u9593\u2500\u2500\u5c0d\u4e0d\u77e5\u60c5\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u300c\u5047\u626e\u300d\uff08pass\uff09\u662f\u79c1\u4eba\u4f4f\u5b85\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5340\u57df\u6216\u793e\u7fa4\u7684\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u773e\u4eba\u5fc3\u7167\u4e0d\u5ba3\u9ed8\u8a31\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002\u5c31Chant\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5993\u9662\u9700\u8981\u7684\u662f\u88ab\u5ee2\u6b62\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u898f\u7bc4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u516c\u773e\u5834\u5408\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u76e3\u63a7\u3002\u5728\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5fc5\u9808\u548c\u90a3\u4e9b\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u77e5\u7684\u4eba\u651c\u624b\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u7a4d\u6975\u4e3b\u52d5\u7684\u300c\u4fdd\u8b77\u300d\u548c\u300c\u5f15\u5c0e\u300d\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u7684\u2026\u662f\u6307\u6d3e\u7537\u5973\u7763\u5bdf\u54e1\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u80fd\u529b\u5f37\u7684\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u53bb\u7dad\u8b77\u8857\u982d\u548c\u516c\u773e\u5834\u5408\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u79e9\u5e8f\u300d[33]<\/a>\u3002\u5979\u5f88\u986f\u7136\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u5c0d\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u7684\u7a81\u64ca\u6aa2\u67e5\u662f\u6b63\u9762\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u76e3\u7763\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4f11\u9592\u5a1b\u6a02\u7684\u908a\u7de3\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a1890\u5e74\u4ee3\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u55ae\u55ae\u5728\u502b\u6566\u5c31\u6709\u8d85\u904e500\u5bb6\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d35\u5bb6\u5927\u578b\u7684\u5ef3\u9662\u6bcf\u665a\u5e73\u5747\u63a5\u5f8545000\u4f4d\u89c0\u773e[34]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

1894\u5e74Chant\u8d70\u8a2a\u5e1d\u570b\u6232\u9662\u6642\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u9996\u6b21\u300c\u6aa2\u67e5\u300d\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u3002\u5f9e1888\u5e74\u516d\u6708\u52301889\u5e74\u56db\u6708\uff0c\u300a\u7cfe\u5bdf\u8a18\u9304\u300b\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u540d\u70ba\u300c\u8072\u8272\u502b\u6566\u300d\uff08Amused London\uff09\u7684\u5831\u544a\uff0c\u8a18\u8f09\u4e86Chant\u8207\u5176\u5973\u4f34\u7a81\u64ca\u6aa2\u67e5\u502b\u6566\u6771\u897f\u5340\u5404\u500b\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u5979\u6240\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e5f\u8a31\u7684\u78ba\u53d6\u6085\u4e86\u502b\u6566\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u7d55\u4e0d\u6703\u53d6\u6085Chant\u3002\u6700\u7cdf\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u5c31\u662f\u897f\u5340\u7684\u4e00\u6240\u7d9c\u85dd\u5287\u9662\uff08\u96d6\u7136\u672a\u88abChant\u6307\u540d\uff0c\u4f46\u6975\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u5e1d\u570b\u5c31\u662fAlhambra\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u88e1\u7684\u82ad\u857e\u821e\u8005\u7684\u6e05\u6dbc\u6f14\u51fa\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u8868\u6f14\u7684\u8272\u60c5\u6697\u793a\uff0c\u300c\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u89c0\u773e\u7684\u4f4e\u7d1a\u6deb\u8569\u884c\u70ba\u6240\u8d85\u8d8a\uff0c\u6574\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u7c21\u76f4\u5c31\u662f\u516c\u958b\u7684\u8272\u60c5\u5e02\u5834\u2026\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ef\u6190\u7684\u3001\u6fc3\u599d\u8c54\u62b9\u7684\u5973\u6027\u516c\u958b\u7684\u5f9e\u4e8b\u5979\u5011\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u4ea4\u6613\u2026\u90a3\u4e9b\u7f6a\u60e1\u7684\u3001\u8272\u773c\u8ff7\u96e2\u7684\u7537\u58eb\u5230\u8655\u5c0b\u627e\u4ed6\u5011\u53ef\u4e0b\u624b\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u3002\u300d\u9019\u500b\u5834\u666f\u5728Chant\u7684\u773c\u4e2d\u7c21\u76f4\u9aaf\u9ad2\u6c61\u7a62\u5230\u6975\u9ede\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u6211\u5011\u548c\u4f46\u4e01\uff08Dante\uff09\u4e00\u8d77\u89c0\u770b\u4e86\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5834\u666f\u2026\u6c88\u6d78\u5728\u81ea\u8eab\u8089\u617e\u4e2d\u7684\u9748\u9b42\u88ab\u5982\u72c2\u98a8\u9a5f\u96e8\u822c\u4e0d\u53d7\u7f88\u7d46\u7684\u6fc0\u60c5\u8ff4\u65cb\u62cb\u64f2\uff0c\u6c38\u7121\u4f11\u6b62\u3002[35]<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u76f8\u8f03\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u9593\u4f4d\u65bcPaddington\u7684\u8457\u540d\u52de\u5de5\u968e\u7d1a\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u884c\u6b62\u9593\u9060\u9060\u8d85\u904e\u897f\u5340\u300c\u6642\u9ae6\u8457\u540d\uff0c\u6c23\u6d3e\u9ad8\u96c5\u300d\u7684\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7576\u7136\u4e5f\u6709\u7c97\u4fd7\u4e4b\u8655\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4fda\u4fd7\u4e4b\u9918\u4e0d\u5931\u8aa0\u6a38\uff0c\u6709\u5bb6\u5ead\u5f0f\u7684\u89aa\u5207\u6eab\u99a8\uff0c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u7c97\u4fd7\u7684\u5632\u5f04\u6216\u9ec3\u8272\u7684\u6697\u793a\u3002\u8aaa\u771f\u7684\uff0c\u89c0\u773e\u770b\u4f86\u6bd4\u8f03\u6e05\u65b0\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6d41\u9732\u51fa\u5b69\u5b50\u822c\u6613\u88ab\u53d6\u6085\u7684\u6027\u60c5\u3002[36]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u50cf\u897f\u5340\u300c\u6709\u6559\u990a\u7684\u7d33\u58eb\u5011\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u52de\u52d5\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u89c0\u773e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u300c\u4ee5\u90aa\u6deb\u806f\u60f3\u6216\u4f4e\u4fd7\u8da3\u5473\u4f86\u523a\u6fc0\u4ed6\u5011\u65e9\u5df2\u75b2\u4e4f\u53ad\u5026\u7684\u80c3\u53e3\u300d\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0cChant\u5805\u5b88\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5fc5\u9808\u4ecb\u5165\u4ee5\u4fbf\u300c\u70ba\u4eba\u5011\u63d0\u4f9b\u5a1b\u6a02\u300d[37]<\/a>\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5728\u5831\u544a\u4e2d\uff0c\u5979\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u6148\u5584\u516c\u76ca\u8005\u770b\u5f85\u52de\u5de5\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5f8c\u8005\u300c\u50cf\u5b69\u5b50\u4e00\u6a23\u300d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5c0e\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u554f\u984c\u662f\u8868\u6f14\uff1a\u8fd1\u4e4e\u88f8\u9732\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u6b4c\u66f2\u4e2d\u6f5b\u85cf\u7684\u6027\u6697\u793a\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u6557\u58de\u89c0\u773e\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u7684\u89c0\u773e\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u52de\u5de5\u968e\u7d1a\uff0c\u4f46\u897f\u5340\u7684\u300c\u7d9c\u85dd\u5bae\u300d\uff08Palaces of Varieties\uff09\u2500\u2500\u5305\u62ec\u5e1d\u570b\u6232\u9662\u2500\u2500\u537b\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u7121\u6578\u4e2d\u3001\u4e0a\u5c64\u968e\u7d1a\u7537\u58eb\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8cb4\u65cf\u3001\u8ecd\u5b98\u3001\u5b78\u751f\u548c\u8077\u54e1\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u6703\u6de8\u5316\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u4e00\u6a23\uff0cChant\u770b\u5230\u7537\u6027\u8cb4\u65cf\u7684\u597d\u8272\u6deb\u4e82\u548c\u58ae\u843d\u6c88\u6dea\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u95dc\u5207\u8207\u81ea\u5df1\u540c\u4e00\u968e\u7d1a\u7537\u58eb\u7684\u4f11\u9592\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u5979\u5c0d\u52de\u5de5\u968e\u7d1a\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u821e\u53f0\u8868\u6f14\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u95dc\u5207\uff0c\u5979\u5c0d\u4e2d\u3001\u4e0a\u968e\u7d1a\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u7684\u95dc\u5207\u4e3b\u8981\u504f\u91cd\u5728\u89c0\u773e\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u8209\u6b62\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u524d\u4f86\u670d\u52d9\u7537\u6027\u4f7f\u4e4b\u653e\u8569\u6c88\u6dea\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u8209\u6b62\uff1a\u300c\u5973\u4eba\u516c\u958b\u5730\u8ce3\u529b\u5730\u9032\u884c\u5979\u5011\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u4ea4\u6613\u300d\u3002\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u300c\u502b\u6566\u7684\u8857\u9053\u300d\u4e5f\u597d\u4e0d\u5230\u54ea\u88e1\u53bb\uff1a\u300c\u5927\u91cf\u5973\u6027\u5728\u8857\u982d\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u51fa\u8ce3\u81ea\u6211\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u666f\u8c61\u662f\u300c\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u5bb6\u5ead\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6301\u7e8c\u5a01\u8105\u300d[38]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8857\u982d\u6d41\u9daf<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6b63\u662f\u51fa\u65bc\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u7dd2\uff0cNVA\u4e0d\u53ea\u5e0c\u671b\u5c07\u8ce3\u6deb\u8d95\u51fa\u5993\u9662\u548c\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e0c\u671b\u5c07\u8ce3\u6deb\u8d95\u51fa\u8857\u982d\u3002\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005NVA\u6210\u54e1Elizabeth Black Blackwell\u57281880\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e00\u672c\u5ba3\u50b3\u5c0f\u518a\u4e0a\u5340\u5206\u51fa\u4e09\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u8ce3\u6deb\u3002\u9996\u5148\u662f\u300c\u7121\u70ba\u653e\u4efb\u5236\u5ea6\u300d\uff08’let alone’ system\uff09\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u502b\u6566\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u4fc3\u4f7f\u8857\u982d\u6210\u70ba\u300c\u6027\u7537\u617e\u5973\u516c\u958b\u4ea4\u6613\u7684\u5834\u6240\uff0c\u4e5f\u4efb\u7531\u5993\u9662\u5b73\u751f\u7e41\u884d\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u5bb9\u8a31\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u90aa\u60e1\u653e\u7e31\u6feb\u884c\u300d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a2e\u662f\u300c\u898f\u7bc4\u5973\u6027\u5236\u5ea6\u300d\uff08female-regulation\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u5957\u7cfb\u7d71\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u5927\u9678\u8f03\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e5f\u662fC.D.\u6cd5\u6848\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4f46\u662fBlack\u5805\u6c7a\u53cd\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u9f13\u52f5\u300c\u58ae\u843d\u2026\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u6dea\u55aa\u300d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u7a2e\u7cfb\u7d71\u2500\u2500\u300c\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u500b\u900f\u904e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u4e0d\u826f\u98a8\u7d00\u7684\u6b63\u7fa9\u5236\u5ea6\u300d\u2500\u2500\u5c31\u662f\u93ae\u58d3\uff0c\u4f46\u662fBlack\u5e0c\u671b\u9019\u5957\u5236\u5ea6\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u6709\u516c\u773e\u652f\u6301\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u624d\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8b66\u5bdf\u61c9\u8a72\u63a5\u53d7\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u6307\u63ee\u2500\u2500\u7562\u7adf\u8b66\u5bdf\u662f\u300c\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u516c\u50d5\u300d\uff0c\u5979\u5f37\u529b\u53cd\u5c0d\u8b66\u5bdf\u64c1\u6709\u592a\u591a\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6b0a[39]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5230\u4e8620\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff0cNVA\u986f\u7136\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u93ae\u58d3\u5236\u5ea6\u300d\u7684\u6642\u6a5f\u5df2\u7d93\u6210\u719f\u3002\uff08Blackwell\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u70ba\u4eba\u77e5\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7576\u6642\u5979\u5df2\u9081\u516580\u9ad8\u9f61\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5df2\u9000\u4f11\u5230Hastings\u53bb\u4e86\u3002\uff091901\u5e74\uff0cNVA\u548c\u65b0\u8fd1\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u300c\u502b\u6566\u516c\u5171\u9053\u5fb7\u8b70\u6703\u300d\uff08London Public Morality Council\uff09\u7684\u300c\u89c0\u5bdf\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u300d\uff08Watch Committee\uff09\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u897f\u654f\u5bfa\u5e02\u8b70\u6703\uff08Westminister City Council\uff09\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5411\u5167\u653f\u90e8\u9577\uff08Home Secretary\uff09\u5efa\u8b70\u61c9\u300c\u7acb\u5373\u63a1\u53d6\u6709\u529b\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u6383\u9664\u8857\u982d\u7684\u8ce3\u6deb\u300d[40]<\/a>\uff0c\u5167\u653f\u90e8\u9577\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u5efa\u8b70\u3002\u89c0\u5bdf\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u6210\u54e1\u5305\u62ec\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005Lady Isbel Somerset\uff08\u82f1\u570b\u5973\u6027\u7981\u9152\u5354\u6703\u6703\u9577\uff09\u3001Millicent Fawcett\uff08\u5973\u6027\u53c3\u653f\u6b0a\u5168\u570b\u806f\u76dfNational Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies\u7684\u6703\u9577\uff09\uff0c\u548c\u6551\u4e16\u8ecd\u6210\u54e1Florence Booth\u3002\u65bc\u662f1901\u52301906\u5e74\u9593\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u5c0d\u502b\u6566\u5993\u5973\u6700\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u93ae\u58d3\uff0c\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5177\u9ad4\u9a37\u64fe\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5993\u5973\u90fd\u6703\u88ab\u5b9a\u7f6a\u3002\u672c\u4f86\u6839\u64da\u7576\u6642\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff081839\u5e74\u300c\u5927\u90fd\u6703\u8b66\u5bdf\u6cd5\u300dMetropolitan Police Act\u548c1847\u5e74\u300c\u9109\u93ae\u8b66\u5bdf\u689d\u6b3e\u300dTown Police Causes Act\uff09\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u300c\u9a37\u64fe\u300d\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u4f4f\u6236\u6216\u8def\u4eba\uff0c\u300c\u62c9\u5ba2\u300d\u5c31\u662f\u975e\u6cd5\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u88ab\u9a37\u64fe\u8005\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u51fa\u5ead\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u7576\u6642\u537b\u767c\u5c55\u6210\u55ae\u55ae\u6191\u8457\u8b66\u5bdf\u7684\u4e00\u9762\u4e4b\u8a5e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u7f6a\u5973\u4eba\u2500\u2500\u9806\u4fbf\u63d0\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0cElizabeth Blackwell\u4e00\u76f4\u53cd\u5c0d\u9019\u4e00\u9ede[41]<\/a>\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0cNVA\u548c\u516c\u5171\u9053\u5fb7\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u9084\u5efa\u8b70\u522a\u9664\u9a37\u64fe\u689d\u6b3e\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8b93\u9019\u7a2e\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u5b9a\u7f6a\u6a21\u5f0f\u5408\u6cd5\u5316[42]<\/a>\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5efa\u8b70\u4e5f\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u7a2e\u65cf\u7684\u8aaa\u8a5e\uff1a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5169\u500b\u7d44\u7e54\u90fd\u5ba3\u7a31\u7d55\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5993\u5973\u548c\u5993\u9662\u696d\u8005\u662f\u5916\u570b\u4eba\u2500\u2500\u6cd5\u570b\u4eba\u3001\u6bd4\u5229\u6642\u4eba\u3001\u548c\u65e5\u6f38\u589e\u591a\u7684\u7336\u592a\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7d44\u7e54\u6210\u54e1\u5341\u5206\u6b61\u8fce1905\u5e74\u7684\u300c\u5916\u570b\u4eba\u6cd5\u6848\u300d\uff08Aliens Act\uff09\uff08\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\u6848\u6388\u6b0a\u63a7\u5236\u300c\u4e0d\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\u7684\u3001\u8ca7\u56f0\u7684\u5916\u570b\u4eba\u9032\u5165\u570b\u5167\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\u6848\u7684\u52d5\u529b\u5c31\u4f86\u81ea\u53cd\u7336\u592a\u60c5\u7d50[43]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

20\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff0cNVA\u548c\u516c\u5171\u9053\u5fb7\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u5df2\u7d93\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u548c\u8b66\u65b9\u6975\u4f73\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u82f1\u570b\u5404\u5730\u7684NVA\u5206\u652f\u6a5f\u69cb\u8207\u7576\u5730\u8b66\u65b9\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u8d77\u8a34\u5993\u9662\u3001\u8857\u982d\u6d41\u9daf\u3001\u8272\u60c5\u66f8\u520a\u5716\u7247\u548c\u5c55\u793a\uff0c\u4e26\u4ea4\u63db\u548c\u6027\u4fb5\u72af\u6848\u4ef6\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u30021903\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u516c\u5171\u9053\u5fb7\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u5728\u5e74\u5ea6\u5831\u544a\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u5169\u5e74\u4e2d\u4e3b\u8981\u8857\u9053\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u60c5\u6cc1\u5df2\u7d93\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u9019\u5fc5\u9808\u6b78\u529f\u65bc\u5927\u90fd\u6703\u8b66\u65b9\u7684\u5353\u8d8a\u8ca2\u737b\u300d[44]<\/a>\u3002\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u4e3b\u8981\u8857\u9053\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u60c5\u6cc1\u300d\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6307\u5993\u5973\u7684\u9a45\u96e2\u3002\u6b63\u5982Judith Walkowitz\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u6240\u6b61\u8fce\u76841885\u5e74\u300c\u5211\u6cd5\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u300d\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8b66\u65b9\u6975\u5927\u7684\u5c31\u5730\u6b0a\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c0d\u4ed8\u52de\u5de5\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u8ca7\u56f0\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u9019\u5be6\u5728\u662f\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u53cd\u8af7\u2500\u2500\u9019\u7a2e\u8da8\u52e2\u6b63\u662fButler\u7b49\u4eba\u4e00\u76f4\u53cd\u5c0d\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5404\u500b\u7cfe\u5bdf\u5354\u6703\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u8b66\u65b9\u5168\u529b\u5c0d\u4ed8\u7684\u7adf\u7136\u662f\u5973\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u5b50\u548c\u8a98\u62d0\u5152\u7ae5\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u7576\u5e74\u6b63\u662f\u6709\u95dc\u5f8c\u9762\u9019\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u65b0\u805e\u5831\u5c0e\u50ac\u751f\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\u6848[45]<\/a>\u30021885\u5e74\uff0c\u300a\u7cfe\u5bdf\u5354\u6703\u671f\u520a\u300b\u66fe\u7d93\u8b66\u544a\uff0c\u300c\u7121\u8ad6\u6cd5\u5f8b\u672c\u8eab\u591a\u9ebc\u516c\u6b63\uff0c\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9808\u88ab\u6b63\u78ba\u5730\u3001\u667a\u6167\u5730\u5f15\u7528\u300d[46]<\/a>\uff0c\u4f46\u662fNVA\u548c\u5f8c\u4f86\u7684\u516c\u5171\u9053\u5fb7\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u660e\u986f\u7684\u52a9\u9577\u4e861885\u5e74\u5211\u6cd5\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u7684\u4e0d\u516c\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5c0d\u65bc\u5728\u5993\u9662\u3001\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u6216\u8857\u982d\u7684\u5993\u5973\u7684\u9a37\u64fe\u3002\u96d6\u713620\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u5e7e\u4e4e\u5df2\u7d93\u6c92\u6709\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u727d\u6d89\u5728\u5167\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u5011\u57281880\u5e74\u4ee3\u548c1890\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u93ae\u58d3\u884c\u52d5\u5df2\u7d93\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u60e1\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u7981\u9152\u904b\u52d5\u8207\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6211\u5df2\u7d93\u63d0\u904e\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6148\u5584\u5bb6\u5c07\u5973\u6027\u8996\u70ba\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u5b88\u885b\u8005\uff0c\u4e26\u628a\u9019\u500b\u89c0\u5ff5\u904b\u7528\u5230\u5979\u5011\u5728\u516c\u5171\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u53c8\u4ee5\u300c\u975e\u570b\u6559\u6d3e\u300d\uff08non-conformist\uff09\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u7279\u5225\u9f13\u52d5\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u6b64\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u6559\u6d3e\u5408\u4f5c\uff1b\u5c0dChant\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u300c\u9019\u662f\u6b63\u76f4\u7684\u516c\u773e\u610f\u898b\u6240\u767c\u51fa\u7684\u5e73\u975c\u7a69\u5b9a\u8072\u97f3\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u7a31\u5b83\u70ba\u975e\u570b\u6559\u6d3e\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u826f\u77e5\u2026\u300d[47]<\/a>\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u7d93\u5e38\u5c07\u5979\u5011\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u7981\u9152\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u7d50\u5408\u3002\u300c\u7981\u9152\u300d\u539f\u672c\u662f\u8aaa\u300c\u9069\u91cf\u5408\u5b9c\u7684\u98f2\u9152\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5230\u4e8619\u4e16\u7d00\u665a\u671f\uff0c\u5c0d\u8a31\u591a\u7981\u9152\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7981\u9152\u5df2\u7d93\u8b8a\u6210\u300c\u5168\u7136\u7981\u617e\u300d\uff08total abstinence\uff09\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u548c\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u5b97\u6559\u53ca\u7981\u9152\u5ba3\u50b3\u76f8\u9023\u7d50\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u300c\u7981\u9152\u798f\u97f3\u300d\uff08Gospel Temperance\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u300c\u5973\u6027\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7981\u9152\u806f\u76df\u300d\uff08Women’s Christian Temperance Union\uff09\u70ba\u4e3b\u8981\u63a8\u5ee3\u5718\u9ad4\u3002\u300c\u82f1\u570b\u5973\u6027\u7981\u9152\u5354\u6703\u300d\uff08BWTA\uff09\u4e5f\u505a\u4e86\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u7d50\u5408\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u4fee\u8fad\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5982\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u660e\u986f\uff0c1876\u5e74\u8a2d\u7acb\u7684BWTA\u5230\u4e861892\u5e74\u6642\u81ea\u7a31\u6709570\u500b\u5206\u652f\u6a5f\u69cb\u548c50000\u540d\u6210\u54e1[48]<\/a>\u3002\u7576\u6642\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5c07\u7537\u6027\u9157\u9152\u8996\u70ba\u7537\u6027\u65bd\u52a0\u66b4\u529b\u65bc\u5973\u6027\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5c0e\u56e0\uff0cPhillipa Levine\u8a8d\u70ba\u9700\u8981\u6311\u6230\u9019\u7a2e\u96d9\u91cd\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u300c\u5b83\u628a\u7537\u6027\u7684\u504f\u597d\u548c\u5a1b\u6a02\uff0c\u51cc\u99d5\u5728\u5973\u6027\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u4e0a\u300d[49]<\/a>\u3002\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u671f\u7981\u9152\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\u662f\u7531\u5973\u4eba\u5728\u5bb6\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e08\u592b\u3001\u5144\u5f1f\u548c\u5152\u5b50\u4e0d\u8981\u559d\u9152\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5247\u53ec\u559a\u5973\u6027\u5c07\u7981\u9152\u904b\u52d5\u63a8\u5ee3\u5230\u516c\u5171\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u4fdd\u885b\u5bb6\u5ead\uff08\u4e00\u6b21\u300c\u6bcd\u6027\u7684\u6230\u9b25\u300dmaternal struggle\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u722d\u53d6\u5973\u6027\u5916\u51fa\u6642\u6709\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u969c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u8981\u6c42\u7537\u6027\u653f\u5ba2\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u66f4\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u300c\u7d14\u6de8\u300d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9075\u5b88\u7981\u9152\uff0f\u7981\u617e\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7981\u9152\u904b\u52d5\u4efd\u5b50\u5728\u63a8\u52d5\u7981\u617e\u6642\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u63a1\u53d6\u300c\u93ae\u58d3\u300d\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6d3b\u8e8d\u4efd\u5b50Henrietta Muller\u548c\u59ca\u59caEva McLaren\u4ee5\u53caFlorence Balgarnie\u90fd\u662f\u7981\u9152\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u5065\u5c07\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u5011\u7121\u4eba\u540c\u610f\u4ee5\u93ae\u58d3\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u4f86\u6291\u6b62\u98f2\u9152\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u826f\u55dc\u597d\u3002Henrietta\u8d77\u521d\u662fNVA\u7684\u6d3b\u8e8d\u4efd\u5b50\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u57f7\u884c\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u548c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5c0f\u7d44\u7684\u6210\u54e1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u57281888\u5e74\u8fad\u8077\uff0c\u5979\u6700\u4e0d\u80fd\u540c\u610fNVA\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u904e\u7684\uff1aNVA\u592a\u71b1\u8877\u65bc\u95dc\u9589\u5993\u9662\uff0c\u5979\u4e5f\u53cd\u5c0dNVA\u5617\u8a66\u8d77\u8a34\u6709\u95dc\u7bc0\u80b2\u7684\u5ba3\u50b3\u55ae\u5f35\uff08NVA\u5c07\u4e4b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u300c\u60e1\u52a3\u7684\u8272\u60c5\u6587\u5b57\u300d\uff08vicious literature\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6703\u5728\u5f8c\u9762\u7684\u7ae0\u7bc0\u7e7c\u7e8c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u9019\u500b\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6148\u5584\u516c\u76ca\u53ca\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u4e2d\u7684\u5973\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u6148\u5584\u516c\u76ca\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u95dc\u5207\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u76e3\u63a7\u90a3\u4e9b\u5ea7\u843d\u5728\u52de\u5de5\u968e\u7d1a\u5bb6\u5ead\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u81f3\u5c11\u548c\u5979\u5011\u9032\u884c\u67d0\u7a2e\u5408\u4f5c\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u6148\u5584\u516c\u76ca\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u95dc\u5207\u5bb6\u5ead\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u6574\u9813\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u95dc\u5fc3\u5176\u4ed6\u69cb\u6210\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u793e\u6703\u7684\u300d\uff08the social\uff09\u7684\u5340\u57df\u2500\u2500\u300c\u90a3\u500b\u516c\u79c1\u9818\u57df\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u5834\u57df\u300d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f4f\u5c4b\u3001\u885b\u751f\u3001\u4eba\u53e3\u7d71\u8a08\u7b49\u7b49\u2500\u2500\u9019\u4e9b\u9818\u57df\u90fd\u4ee5\u5973\u6027\u70ba\u6148\u5584\u516c\u76ca\u7126\u9ede\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002\u6148\u5584\u516c\u76ca\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\uff08\u300c\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u300d\uff09\u4e3b\u8981\u90fd\u662f\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u96a8\u8457\u300c\u793e\u6703\u9762\u300d\uff08the social\uff09\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u4e0d\u4f46\u662f\u6539\u9769\u7684\u80fd\u52d5\u8005\uff08agents\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u6210\u4e86\u88ab\u6539\u9769\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\uff08objects\uff09[54]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u5973\u6027\u6148\u5584\u516c\u76ca\u5bb6\u958b\u59cb\u9032\u5165\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u500b\u9806\u7406\u6210\u7ae0\u7684\u8f49\u79fb\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u5011\u770b\u5f85\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u5979\u5011\u770b\u5f85\u6148\u5584\u4e8b\u696d\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5c07\u5973\u6027\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e2d\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u2500\u2500\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5979\u5011\u6240\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u300c\u99b4\u5316\u300d\uff08domesticating\uff09\u548c\u300c\u6559\u5316\u300d\uff08civilizing\uff09\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u2500\u2500\u64f4\u5c55\u5230\u66f4\u5bec\u5ee3\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5f9e\u4e8b\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u5e02\u653f\u7ba1\u5bb6\u300d\uff08municipal housekeeping\uff09\u3002\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u548c\u53cd\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u90fd\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u7684\u5bb6\u52d9\u64cd\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u9069\u7528\u5230\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u5c64\u6b21\u4e0a\u5247\u610f\u898b\u76f8\u53cd\u30021918\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u96d6\u88ab\u6392\u9664\u5728\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u65e9\u5728\u6578\u5341\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u4e2d\u958b\u59cb\u626e\u6f14\u8209\u8db3\u8f15\u91cd\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff1a\u5f9e1869\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u672a\u5a5a\u6216\u5be1\u5c45\u7684\u5973\u6027\u7d0d\u7a05\u7fa9\u52d9\u4eba\u5df2\u7d93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5730\u65b9\u9078\u8209\u4e2d\u6295\u7968\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u76f4\u52301907\u5e74\u5973\u6027\u624d\u88ab\u5141\u8a31\u5728\u81ea\u6cbb\u5340\u548c\u7e23\u8b70\u6703\u4e2d\u64c1\u6709\u88ab\u9078\u8209\u6b0a\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c1870\u5e74\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u5973\u6027\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u70ba\u65b0\u5b78\u6821\u8463\u4e8b\u6703\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5fc5\u9808\u662f\u7d0d\u7a05\u7fa9\u52d9\u4eba\u624d\u80fd\u5728\u9078\u8209\u4e2d\u6295\u7968\u3002\uff08\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u6210\u70ba\u5019\u9078\u4eba\u8eab\u5206\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6bd4\u64c1\u6709\u6295\u7968\u6b0a\u9084\u4f86\u5f97\u5bb9\u6613\uff01\uff09\u5973\u6027\u7d0d\u7a05\u7fa9\u52d9\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u6295\u7968\u9078\u8209\u300c\u6fdf\u8ca7\u8463\u4e8b\u6703\u300d\uff08Poor Law Boards\uff09\u7684\u6210\u54e1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u597d\u4e00\u9663\u5b50\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u5973\u6027\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8cc7\u683c\u4f86\u64d4\u4efb\u8463\u4e8b\u6703\u7684\u8077\u52d9\u30021875\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5973\u6027\u6210\u529f\u7684\u88ab\u9078\u70ba\u300c\u502b\u6566\u6fdf\u8ca7\u6cd5\u806f\u76df\u300d\uff08London Poor Law Union\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u54e1\uff0c\u5230\u4e861895\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u300c\u6fdf\u8ca7\u6cd5\u5b88\u8b77\u8005\u4fc3\u9032\u5354\u6703\u300d\uff08Society for Promoting The Return of Poor Law Guardians\uff09\u548c\u300c\u5973\u6027\u5b88\u8b77\u8005\u5354\u6703\u300d\uff08Women Guardians Society\uff09\u7684\u9f13\u52f5\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u8d85\u904e\u516b\u767e\u4f4d\u5973\u6027\u8d0f\u904e\u9078\u8209[55]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

Hollis\u66fe\u7d93\u6307\u51fa[56]<\/a>\uff0c1880\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\uff0c\u5b78\u6821\u8463\u4e8b\u6703\u548c\u6fdf\u8ca7\u8463\u4e8b\u6703\u4e2d\u7684\u5973\u6027\u5df2\u7d93\u5851\u9020\u4e86\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u6fdf\u8ca7\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u74b0\u5883\u2500\u2500\u8857\u9053\u3001\u623f\u5c4b\u3001\u516c\u5171\u885b\u751f\u548c\u5de1\u908f\u76e4\u67e5[57]<\/a>\u2500\u2500\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u5979\u5011\u8077\u6b0a\u7bc4\u570d\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u5728\uff08\u7537\u6027\uff09\u9109\u93ae\u8b70\u54e1\u624b\u4e2d\u3002\u5973\u6027\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5617\u8a66\u5f71\u97ff\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u898f\u5283\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u90e8\u4efd\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5e6b\u52a9\u5973\u6027\u9806\u5229\u9032\u5165\u4e00\u500b\u6575\u8996\u5973\u6027\u7684\u516c\u5171\u9818\u57df\uff1b\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u5973\u6027\u7121\u6cd5\u6210\u70ba\u8b70\u54e1[58]<\/a>\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u6c7a\u610f\u5118\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u76ee\u6a19\u4e0a\u5c0d\u7537\u6027\u8b70\u54e1\u65bd\u58d3\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u76ee\u6a19\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u6aa2\u8996\u300c\u5973\u6027\u5b88\u8b77\u8005\u5354\u6703\u300d\u548c\u300c\u5973\u6027\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u5354\u6703\u300d\u7684\u6210\u54e1\u5c31\u6703\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u6210\u54e1\u7cfe\u7d50\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08Liberal\uff09\u3001\u6148\u5584\u5de5\u4f5c\uff08philanthropic\uff09\u3001\u7981\u9152\u904b\u52d5\uff08temperance\uff09\u548c\u793e\u6703\u6de8\u5316\u904b\u52d5\uff08social-purity\uff09\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u7db2\u7d61\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u9084\u5305\u62ec\u5c0dNVA\u7684\u6548\u5fe0\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0cChant\u5c6c\u65bc\u300c\u5973\u6027\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u806f\u76df\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5168\u570b\u4ed5\u5973\u5354\u6703\u300d\u3001\u300c\u82f1\u570b\u5973\u6027\u7981\u9152\u5354\u6703\u300d\uff0c\u5979\u9084\u662f\u300c\u5973\u6027\u5b88\u8b77\u8005\u5354\u6703\u300d\u548cNVA\u7684\u5275\u59cb\u6210\u54e1\u3002\uff08\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0cNVA\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u652f\u6301\u5973\u6027\u6fdf\u8ca7\u5b88\u8b77\u8005\u7684\u9078\u8209\uff09\u3002\u8a31\u591a\u5973\u6027\u90fd\u6709\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u4ea4\u7e54\u8eab\u5206\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u4e2d\u6d3b\u8e8d\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e5f\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u95dc\u5207\u9053\u5fb7\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7528\u7576\u6642\u7684\u540d\u8a5e\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u95dc\u5207\u300c\u793e\u6703\u6de8\u5316\u300d\u3002\u5979\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u502b\u6566\u5340\u8b70\u6703\uff08LCC\uff09\u2500\u2500\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u5be9\u6838\u502b\u6566\u5404\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u7684\u57f7\u7167\u5be9\u6838\u4e0a\u2500\u2500\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u53ef\u80fd\u63a8\u52d5\u793e\u6703\u6de8\u5316\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u78ba\u4fdd\u8868\u6f14\u300c\u9ad8\u5c1a\u6587\u96c5\u300d\uff0cChant\u548cNVA\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6210\u54e1\u9f13\u52f5LCC\u65b0\u8fd1\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u300c\u5287\u5834\u548c\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u300d\u300c\u56b4\u5bc6\u7684\u76e3\u7763\u5404\u7a2e\u5a1b\u6a02\uff0c\u4e0d\u907a\u9918\u529b\u7684\u6253\u58d3\u90a3\u4e9b\u660e\u986f\u9055\u53cd\u512a\u826f\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u5a1b\u6a02\u300d[59]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

LCC\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u592a\u591a\u9f13\u52f5\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u57281907\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u5b83\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u9032\u6b65\u300d\u9ee8\u6240\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u8cbb\u908a\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08Fabian\uff09\u548c\u52de\u5de5\u4ee3\u8868\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u806f\u76df\u3002\u9032\u6b65\u9ee8\u8b70\u54e1\u4e00\u5411\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u300c\u5e02\u653f\u6e05\u6559\u5f92\u300d\uff08Municipal Puritans\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u591a\u534a\u662f\u975e\u570b\u6559\u5f92\uff0c\u71b1\u8877\u65bc\u7981\u9152\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u5c07\u9157\u9152\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u6dea\u55aa\u8996\u70ba\u52de\u5de5\u968e\u7d1a\u52d5\u76ea\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0[60]<\/a>\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u548cNVA\u6210\u54e1\u4e00\u6a23\u2500\u2500\u7684\u78ba\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u8b70\u54e1\u672c\u4f86\u5c31\u662fNVA\u7684\u6703\u54e1\u2500\u2500\u6975\u529b\u60f3\u5277\u9664\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u7576\u884c\u70ba\u3001\u4e0d\u826f\u55dc\u597d\u548c\u9152\u7cbe\uff0c\u628a\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u300c\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u300d\u5bb6\u5ead\u5a1b\u6a02\u5834\u6240\u3002LCC\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230Keir Hardie\u548cJohn Burns\u7684\u652f\u6301[61]<\/a>\u3002\u9032\u6b65\u9ee8\u4eba\u58eb\u57281890\u5e74\u5efa\u7acb\u300c\u76e3\u7763\u5718\u300d\uff08inspectorate\uff09\u4f86\u628a\u7cfe\u5bdf\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\uff1a\u5171\u670923\u540d\u89c0\u5bdf\u54e1\u300c\u4e3b\u8981\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u76e3\u7763\u8868\u6f14\u5167\u5bb9\u3001\u89c0\u773e\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u548c\u884c\u70ba\u2500\u2500\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5973\u6027\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u300d[62]<\/a>\u3002LCC\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u7531\u90a3\u4e9b\u6709\u8cac\u4efb\u611f\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u611f\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u7a4d\u6975\u4e3b\u52d5\u53c3\u8207\u76e3\u7763\u2500\u2500\u5c31\u50cfLaura Chant\u6240\u5f9e\u4e8b\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e2\u7136\u6709\u6b64\u9053\u5fb7\u653f\u6cbb\uff0cLCC\u57281894\u5e7410\u6708\u8868\u614b\u652f\u6301Chant\u5c0d\u5be9\u67e5\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u62b1\u6028\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e0d\u8db3\u70ba\u5947\u4e86\uff1b\u7562\u7adf\uff0c\u5e1d\u570b\u6232\u9662\u662f\u82f1\u570b\u4e0a\u6d41\u793e\u6703\u6700\u60e1\u540d\u662d\u5f70\u7684\u8072\u8272\u5834\u6240[63]<\/a>\uff0c\u662f\u90fd\u6703\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u502b\u7406\uff08Municipal Socialist ethic\uff09\u7684\u5492\u8a5b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5e1d\u570b\u6232\u9662\u6536\u5230\u7684\u901a\u77e5\u8aaa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u60f3\u5f97\u5230\u57f7\u7167\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u7981\u6b62\u5728\u5927\u5ef3\u5167\u98f2\u9152\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8981\u5ee2\u9664\u6b65\u9053\u2500\u2500\u5993\u5973\u548c\u5ba2\u6236\u5728\u5e1d\u570b\u6232\u9662\u4e2d\u6703\u9762\u7684\u5834\u6240\u3002Chant\u548c\u5979\u7684\u540c\u4f34\u5011\u7576\u7136\u5e0c\u671b\u6839\u672c\u7981\u6b62\u5993\u5973\u9032\u5165\u6232\u9662\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u65e2\u7136\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\uff0c\u53ea\u5f97\u9000\u800c\u6c42\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5340\u9694\u89c0\u773e\uff08\u7bc0\u76ee\uff09\u548c\u5993\u5973\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u7537\u4eba\u5728\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u60c5\u617e\u5a1b\u6a02\u4e4b\u9593\u81ea\u7531\u6d41\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5927\u773e\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u7981\u4ee4\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u662f\u7fa4\u60c5\u5629\u7136\uff0c\u5f9e\u5bc4\u5230\u300a\u6bcf\u65e5\u96fb\u5831\u300b\uff08Daily Telegraph\uff09\u53bb\u6297\u8b70\u7684170\u5c01\u4fe1\u5c31\u53ef\u898b\u4e00\u6591\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4fe1\u751a\u81f3\u8aaaChant\u662f\u300c\u65b0\u5973\u6027\u300d\uff08The New Woman\uff09\u7684\u5371\u96aa\u699c\u6a23[64]<\/a>\u3002\u5e1d\u570b\u6232\u9662\u7684\u56de\u61c9\u5247\u662f\u5728\u5927\u5ef3\u548c\u9152\u5427\u4e4b\u9593\u8c4e\u7acb\u4e00\u9762\u5e06\u5e03\u5e55\uff0c\u5c07\u89c0\u773e\u548c\u7f8e\u9152\u5993\u5973\u9694\u958b\u3002\u5993\u5973\u5011\u5247\u53cd\u61c9\u51b7\u6f20\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5993\u5973\u6beb\u4e0d\u5728\u610f\u7684\u8aaa\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u8f49\u79fb\u9663\u5730\u5230\u5225\u7684\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u53bb\uff0c\u300c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u5bb6\u4e00\u5bb6\u7684\u53bb\u300d\uff08We can give all a turn\uff09\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u5979\u5011\u7684\u7537\u6027\u5ba2\u6236\u5011\uff0c\u7981\u4ee4\u516c\u4f48\u4e0d\u5230\u4e00\u9031\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u6279\u4e0a\u6d41\u793e\u6703\u7684\u7d33\u58eb\u5728\u5e74\u8f15\u7684\u90b1\u5409\u723e\u9818\u8ecd\u4e4b\u4e0b\u885d\u5165\u5e1d\u570b\u6232\u9662\uff0c\u81ea\u884c\u62c6\u9664\u9694\u96e2\u7684\u5e03\u5e55[65]<\/a>\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86\u96d6\u7136\u91cd\u65b0\u639b\u4e0a\u9694\u96e2\u5e03\u5e55\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6b21\u5e74\u5e1d\u570b\u6232\u9662\u5c31\u722d\u53d6\u5230\u4e86\u4e0d\u5e36\u9650\u5236\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u57f7\u7167\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u6de8\u5316\u904b\u52d5\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6297\u8b70\u8072\u6d6a\u90fd\u65bc\u4e8b\u7121\u88dc[66]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5973\u6027\u7684\u7aef\u838a\u8207\u6027\u617e<\/strong><\/p>\n

Josephine Butler\u548cElizabeth Wolstenholme Elmy\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0d\u5979\u5011\u904e\u53bb\u540c\u50da\u7684\u93ae\u58d3\u884c\u70ba\u5927\u611f\u9707\u9a5a\uff0c\u4f46\u662fButler\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4fe1\u5f92\u548c\u90a3\u4e9b\u93ae\u58d3\u6d3e\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5c0d\u5973\u6027\u6027\u617e\u537b\u5171\u6709\u540c\u4e00\u57fa\u672c\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u908f\u8f2f\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u4fdd\u8b77\u7684\u76e3\u63a7\u300d\uff08protective surveillance\uff09\u3002Judith Walkowitz\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5728\u5f9e\u4e8b\u6148\u5584\u6d3b\u52d5\u6642\u5c0d\u5979\u5011\u6240\u9047\u5230\u7684\u5973\u5b69\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\uff1a<\/p>\n

Butler\u7684\u4fe1\u5f92\u2026\u65e9\u671f\u5c0d\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u77e5\u6094\u6539\u7684\u5993\u5973\u611f\u5230\u5acc\u60e1\u548c\u611b\u6068\u4ea4\u7e54\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u7121\u53ef\u6551\u85e5\u7684\u5973\u5b69\u6642\u4e5f\u6709\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u611f\u89ba\u2026\u5c0dButler\u4fe1\u5f92\u548c\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4e3b\u5f35\u93ae\u58d3\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6709\u617e\u671b\u8981\u4fdd\u8b77\u9752\u5c11\u5973\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u7a2e\u617e\u671b\u4e4b\u4e0b\u4e5f\u63a9\u84cb\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u93ae\u58d3\u5f0f\u7684\u885d\u52d5\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u63a7\u5236\u9752\u5c11\u5973\u5011\u81ea\u767c\u7684\u6027\u885d\u52d5\u3002[67]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u611f\u5230\u300c\u5acc\u60e1\u548c\u611b\u6068\u4ea4\u7e54\u300d\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u5973\u6027\u662f\u300c\u7d14\u6f54\u7684\u300d\u3001\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u7aef\u838a\u81ea\u91cd\u7684\u3001\u800c\u4e14\u5e7e\u4e4e\u662f\u7121\u6027\u617e\u7684\u2500\u2500\u9664\u975e\u5f8c\u8005\u4e0d\u5e78\u300c\u58ae\u843d\u300d\uff08fall\uff09\u3002\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ae0\u66fe\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5230\u7576\u4eba\u8aaa\u4e00\u500b\u5973\u6027\u5df2\u7d93\u300c\u58ae\u843d\u300d\u6642\u5c31\u8868\u793a\u5979\u5df2\u5931\u53bb\u5979\u7684\u77dc\u6301\u81ea\u91cd\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u56e0\u6b64\u800c\u5fb9\u982d\u5fb9\u5c3e\u8b8a\u4e86\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u793e\u6703\u6de8\u5316\u904b\u52d5\u8005\u4e5f\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u52de\u5de5\u968e\u7d1a\u5973\u6027\u5728\u53cd\u8986\u7121\u5e38\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u5e02\u5834\u4e0a\u5341\u5206\u8106\u5f31\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7576NVA\u8a62\u554f\u63f4\u6551\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u54e1\u4ec0\u9ebc\u624d\u662f\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u6642\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u5973\u4eba\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u300c\u6975\u7aef\u8ca7\u56f0\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u611b\u6155\u865b\u69ae\u3001\u597d\u9038\u60e1\u52de\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u8f15\u6d6e\u653e\u8569\u300d\uff0c\u81f3\u65bc\u5728\u7537\u6027\u5ad6\u5ba2\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u300c\u6027\u617e\u300d[68]<\/a>\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6578\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u90fd\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u7537\u6027\u7684\u6027\u9700\u6c42\u5275\u9020\u4e86\u8ce3\u6deb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u96d6\u7136\u8a8d\u77e5\u5230\u5973\u6027\u5f9e\u4e8b\u8ce3\u6deb\u591a\u534a\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u7d93\u6fdf\u62ee\u636e\u7684\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u4ecd\u7136\u9806\u8457\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u300c\u58ae\u843d\u300d\u610f\u5473\u8457\u5979\u300c\u6839\u672c\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u300d\u3002\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\u6de8\u5316\u7d44\u7e54\u300c\u9053\u5fb7\u91cd\u6574\u806f\u76df\u300d\uff08Moral Reform Union\uff09\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u5c31\u5f88\u5178\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7aef\u838a\u548c\u8c9e\u6f54\u7684\u54c1\u884c\u662f\u5e74\u8f15\u5973\u5b69\u8207\u751f\u4ff1\u4f86\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5979\u6700\u597d\u7684\u88dd\u98fe\u2026\u4f46\u662f\u7576\u7378\u6027\uff08beast\uff09\u548c\u6deb\u8ce4\uff08harlot\uff09\u4fb5\u5165\u5973\u6027\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6642\uff0c\u5979\u6703\u60c5\u9858\u589c\u5165\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u6065\u7684\u6027\u617e\u6df1\u6df5\u3002[69]<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u5728\u300c\u7378\u6027\u548c\u6deb\u8ce4\u300d\u9032\u4f54\u300c\u5973\u6027\u4f4d\u7f6e\u300d\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u74b0\u5883\u903c\u8feb\u6210\u70ba\u88ab\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u5993\u5973\u4ecd\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u89e3\u6551\u2500\u2500\u4e0d\u7ba1\u9019\u4e9b\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u662f\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0a\u7684\u56f0\u7a98\u6216\u7537\u6027\u7684\u300c\u5f15\u8a98\u300d\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u5979\u6c38\u9060\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u300c\u5b8c\u5168\u5730\u300d\u62ef\u6551\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u300c\u7d14\u6f54\u548c\u7121\u90aa\u4e00\u65e6\u5931\u843d\uff0c\u5c31\u518d\u4e5f\u7121\u6cd5\u5c0b\u56de\u300d[70]<\/a>\u3002Elizabeth Blackwell\u91ab\u751f\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u53ca\u6642\u633d\u6551\u5993\u5973\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u5c31\u6703\u8b8a\u6210\u300c\u60e1\u9b54\u300d\uff08demon\uff09\u2500\u2500\u300c\u5728\u7834\u58de\u548c\u8650\u5f85\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u5feb\u611f\u300d\uff0c\u5979\u89ba\u5f97\u9700\u8981\u6e05\u695a\u5340\u5206\u90a3\u4e9b\u6c7a\u5fc3\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5f9e\u5a3c\u7684\u5973\u6027\u548c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5df2\u7d93\u6e96\u5099\u6d17\u5fc3\u9769\u9762\u7684\u5973\u6027\u3002\u5979\u63d0\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5efa\u8b70\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u90a3\u4e9b\u653e\u68c4\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u53ef\u6190\u5973\u4eba\u8868\u9054\u6700\u6eab\u67d4\u7684\u540c\u60c5\u5fc3\uff1b\u2026\u4f46\u662f\u5343\u842c\u4e0d\u53ef\u5617\u8a66\u6539\u5584\u90a3\u4e9b\u7e7c\u7e8c\u7559\u5728\u5993\u5973\u8eab\u5206\u4e2d\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u8655\u5883\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u4f60\u4e0d\u6703\u53bb\u6539\u5584\u8b00\u6bba\u72af\u548c\u5c0f\u5077\u7684\u8655\u5883\u4e00\u822c\u3002[71]<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u633d\u6551\u7684\u5993\u5973\u548c\u7121\u6cd5\u633d\u6551\u7684\u5993\u5973\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5206\u91ce\uff0c\u6b63\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u6148\u5584\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5982\u4f55\u5340\u5206\u54ea\u4e9b\u7aae\u4eba\u503c\u5f97\u62ef\u6551\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u7aae\u4eba\u4e0d\u503c\u5f97\u62ef\u6551[72]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u8ff0\u89c0\u5ff5\u6b63\u662fChant\u770b\u5f85\u5e1d\u570b\u6232\u9662\u8868\u6f14\u8005\u548c\u5993\u5973\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u5728\u8868\u6f14\u8005\u65b9\u9762\uff0cChant\u78ba\u5b9a\u300c\u5728\u82ad\u857e\u821e\u5287\u548c\u5408\u5531\u968a\u4f0d\u4e2d\u795e\u60c5\u843d\u5bde\u7684\u5973\u5b69\u2026\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u81ea\u89ba\u670d\u88dd\u4e0d\u6574\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u8ff7\u5931\u4e86\u300d\uff0c\u5979\u7576\u7136\u662f\u6697\u793a\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u5b69\u540c\u6642\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u7aef\u838a\u77dc\u6301\u548c\u7f9e\u6065\u611f\uff0c\u800c\u5982\u679c\u300c\u9b31\u9b31\u5be1\u6b61\u7684\u5973\u5b69\u5011\u300d\u53ca\u6642\u300c\u88ab\u6551\u63f4\u300d\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u4ecd\u7136\u6975\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u6551\u8d16\u3002Chant\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u5b69\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u666e\u904d\u5c0d\u65bc\u5973\u6f14\u54e1\u548c\u5973\u6027\u8868\u6f14\u8005\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff1a\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u696d\u548c\u8ce3\u6deb\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u7dda\u4e4b\u9694\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5973\u6f14\u54e1\u60f3\u8981\u5ba3\u7a31\u6216\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u96c5\u53ef\u656c\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u90fd\u6703\u6709\u6975\u5927\u7684\u56f0\u96e3[73]<\/a>\u3002\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0cChant\u628a\u5979\u5c0d\u58ae\u843d\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u6700\u56b4\u53b2\u8b74\u8cac\u4fdd\u7559\u7d66\u5e1d\u570b\u6232\u9662\u7684\u5993\u5973\uff0c\u5979\u5805\u6301\u90a3\u4e9b\u5f9e\u4e8b\u9019\u7a2e\u300c\u934d\u91d1\u7684\u8ce3\u6deb\u300d\u7684\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u548c\u90a3\u4e9b\u7aae\u56f0\u6f66\u5012\u3001\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5728\u8857\u982d\u62c9\u5ba2\u7684\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u7d55\u5c0d\u662f\u6709\u5dee\u5225\u7684\u3002\u50b3\u805e\u300c\u9ad8\u7d1a\u300d\u5993\u5973\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u6027\u4ea4\u6613\u4e2d\u7372\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6536\u5165\uff0cChant\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u8e30\u8d8a\u4e86\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u5973\u6027\u672c\u8cea\u300d\uff1a\u5c0dChant\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5993\u5973\u662f\u7cbe\u6253\u7d30\u7b97\u5730\u9078\u64c7\u4e86\u5979\u5011\u7684\u884c\u696d\uff0c\u800c\u8857\u982d\u6d41\u9daf\u5247\u662f\u88ab\u7d93\u6fdf\u56f0\u5883\u548c\uff0f\u6216\u883b\u6a6b\u7121\u6065\u7684\u7537\u6027\u903c\u8feb\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7576\u6709\u4eba\u6307\u63a7\u793e\u6703\u6de8\u5316\u904b\u52d5\u8005\u8feb\u4f7f\u5e1d\u570b\u6232\u9662\u7684\u5993\u5973\u6d41\u843d\u8857\u982d\u56e0\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u8857\u982d\u8ce3\u6deb\u6642\uff0cChant\u8faf\u7a31\u9019\u4e9b\u5993\u5973\u672c\u4f86\u4e26\u975e\u4f86\u81ea\u8857\u982d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5e1d\u570b\u6232\u9662\u660e\u78ba\u5ba3\u7a31\u4ed6\u5011\u62d2\u7d55\u8857\u982d\u6d41\u9daf\u9032\u5165\u3002\uff08\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5993\u5973\u8981\u9032\u5165\u5e1d\u570b\u6232\u9662\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9808\u5148\u4ed8\u4e00\u7b46\u9ad8\u9054\u4e94\u5148\u4ee4\u7684\u5165\u5834\u8cbb\uff0c\u4e26\u81ea\u884c\u8cfc\u8cb7\u665a\u5bb4\u884c\u982d\uff09\u3002Chant\u8aaa\u5e1d\u570b\u6232\u9662\u7684\u5993\u5973\u5011\u300c\u5b8c\u5168\u6c88\u6dea\u65bc\u8089\u617e\u9700\u6c42\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u559c\u6b61\u9ed1\u6697\u548c\u7955\u5bc6\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u5011\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5c31\u662f\u90aa\u60e1\u7684\u300d[74]<\/a>\uff1b\u5979\u5011\u662fBlackwell\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u60e1\u9b54\u300d\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u8857\u982d\u6d41\u9daf\uff0cChant\u7aed\u529b\u5f37\u8abf\u5979\u7684\u5bb6\u300c\u6c38\u9060\u70ba\u9019\u7fa4\u53ef\u6190\u7684\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b\u907f\u96e3\u6240\u300d\uff1b\u96d6\u7136\u7d14\u771f\u7121\u90aa\u5df2\u7d93\u7121\u6cd5\u6062\u5fa9\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u8857\u982d\u6d41\u9daf\u4ecd\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6559\u5316\u7684\u2500\u2500\u4f46\u662f\u5e1d\u570b\u6232\u9662\u7684\u5993\u5973\u5247\u5df2\u7a4d\u7fd2\u96e3\u6539\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u89c0\u9ede\u66f4\u5f37\u5316\u4e86Chant\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u5979\u8981\u6c42\u300c\u5730\u65b9\u884c\u653f\u9577\u5b98\u5fc5\u9808\u4ee5\u56b4\u53b2\u7684\u5354\u52a9\u4f86\u5c0d\u6297\u90a3\u4e9b\u56fa\u57f7\u7684\u6557\u5fb7\u8005\uff1b\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u6148\u5584\u4e4b\u624b\u5fc5\u9808\u53bb\u5e6b\u52a9\u90a3\u4e9b\u5c1a\u672a\u786c\u5fc3\u800c\u4e14\u5df2\u6709\u53cd\u6094\u4e4b\u610f\u7684\u4eba\u300d[75]<\/a>\u3002Blackwell\u548cChant\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u6975\u7aef\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u500b\u6642\u671f\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u90fd\u5df2\u5efa\u69cb\u4e86\u4e00\u5e45\u5993\u5973\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u8981\u4e0d\u662f\u53d7\u5230\u8a98\u60d1\u3001\u88ab\u80cc\u53db\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u56f0\u7a98\u3001\u6025\u5207\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u6539\u9020\u7684\u88ab\u52d5\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff08\u9019\u662fJosephine Butler\u548c\u5168\u570b\u4ed5\u5973\u5354\u6703\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6210\u54e1\u6240\u504f\u597d\u7684\u5993\u5973\u5f62\u8c61\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6b7b\u4e0d\u6094\u6539\u3001\u50be\u5411\u90aa\u60e1\u7684\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u5973\u4eba\u3002\u5728\u9019\u500b\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u6846\u67b6\u4e4b\u5167\u6839\u672c\u7121\u6cd5\u60f3\u50cf\u6703\u6709\u5973\u4eba\u66ab\u6642\u800c\u4e14\u81ea\u9858\u9032\u5165\u8ce3\u6deb[76]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5973\u6027\u8207\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u9593<\/strong><\/p>\n

Laura Chant\u7684\u95dc\u5207\u6709\u90e8\u4efd\u76f8\u95dc\u9053\u5fb7\u6dea\u55aa\u7684\u5371\u96aa\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4e5f\u60f3\u628a\u8857\u9053\u548c\u516c\u5171\u5a1b\u6a02\u5834\u6240\u6539\u9020\u6210\u5973\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u9032\u51fa\u800c\u7121\u9808\u5bb3\u6015\u653b\u64ca\u6216\u9053\u5fb7\u8b74\u8cac\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u6b63\u5982Judith Walkowitz\u5728\u5979\u7684\u300a\u6975\u6a02\u57ce\u5e02\u300b\uff08City of Dreadful Delight<\/em>\uff09\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\u5f88\u6709\u529b\u7684\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u502b\u6566\u9010\u6f38\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u63d0\u4f9b\u5973\u6027\u5404\u7a2e\u6a5f\u6703\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u540c\u6642\u8b8a\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u5371\u96aa\u4e4b\u5730\uff1b\u7aef\u838a\u81ea\u91cd\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u958b\u59cb\u62b1\u6028\uff0c\u7537\u6027\u300c\u8a0e\u53ad\u9b3c\u300d\uff08pests\uff09\u7684\u9a37\u64fe\u5df2\u7d93\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u8981\u9762\u5c0d\u7684\u7169\u5fc3\u4e8b[77]<\/a>\uff0c\u66f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u6182\u616e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5973\u4eba\u5728\u8857\u982d\u73fe\u8eab\u9084\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u4f86\u6bba\u8eab\u4e4b\u798d\u2500\u2500\u4f8b\u59821888\u5e74\u300c\u5091\u514b\u958b\u819b\u624b\u300d\uff08Jack the Ripper\uff09\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u5c31\u6df1\u5177\u300c\u9053\u5fb7\u300d\u542b\u610f[78]<\/a>\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5973\u4eba\u5916\u51fa\u9084\u8981\u7518\u5192\u6c61\u540d\u7684\u6307\u63a7\u3002Elaine Showalter\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u300c\u7dad\u591a\u5229\u4e9e\u6642\u671f\u7684\u5973\u6027\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8de8\u8d8a\u5e02\u5340\u3001\u968e\u7d1a\u3001\u548c\u6027\u7586\u754c\u7684\u300d[79]<\/a>\u3002\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u516c\u773e\u5973\u6027\u300d\uff08public woman\uff09\u4e00\u8a5e\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u5993\u5973\u3001\u6d41\u9daf\u548c\u5973\u6f14\u54e1\u4ea4\u66ff\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9019\u4e9b\u540d\u8a5e\u90fd\u6697\u793a\uff0c\u516c\u5171\u4e16\u754c\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u7aef\u838a\u81ea\u91cd\u7684\u5973\u6027\u3002\u300c\u516c\u5171\u300d\u7a7a\u9593\u662f\u4fdd\u7559\u7d66\u70ba\u7537\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ee5\u6027\u670d\u52d9\u7537\u6027\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7537\u6027\u5ad6\u5ba2\u6709\u6b0a\u5766\u7136\u51dd\u8996\u9019\u500b\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u516c\u773e\u300d\u5973\u6027[80]<\/a>\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u300c\u516c\u773e\u300d\u8207\u5176\u7d55\u5c0d\u7684\u76f8\u53cd\u8a5e\u300c\u5973\u6027\u300d\u4e26\u7f6e\u9023\u7528\uff0c\u672c\u4f86\u5c31\u4ee4\u4eba\u9707\u9a5a[81]<\/a>\uff1a\u5973\u6027\u4e00\u5411\u88ab\u6392\u9664\u5728\u7537\u6027\u516c\u5171\u4fdd\u7559\u5340\u2500\u2500\u4f8b\u5982\u7537\u6027\u4ff1\u6a02\u90e8\u548c\u516c\u5171\u5834\u6240\u2500\u2500\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u6b64\u523b\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u591a\u7aef\u838a\u81ea\u91cd\u7684\u5973\u58eb\u5011\u9032\u5165\u502b\u6566\u6771\u897f\u5340\u7684\u516c\u5171\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u4ee5\u5404\u7a2e\u8eab\u5206\u8209\u6b62\u4f86\u5f80\u5de5\u4f5c\u2500\u2500\u5982\u6148\u5584\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u50b3\u9053\u8005\u3001\u6fdf\u8ca7\u5b88\u8b77\u8005\u3001\u6216\u662f\u8fa6\u516c\u5ba4\u6587\u54e1\u3001\u516c\u52d9\u54e1\u3001\u6216\u8001\u5e2b\uff1b\u5979\u5011\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u662f\u901b\u65b0\u958b\u767e\u8ca8\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u535a\u7269\u9928\u3001\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u3001\u6232\u9662\u751a\u81f3\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u7684\u8a2a\u5ba2\u2500\u2500\u6240\u6709\u7684\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u9593\u90fd\u6b63\u5728\u5411\u5973\u6027\u958b\u653e\u3002\u8af7\u523a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u6148\u5584\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u6771\u5340\u6240\u4eab\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u793e\u6703\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u9060\u8d85\u904e\u5728\u897f\u5340\u88ab\u7537\u6027\u300c\u8a0e\u53ad\u9b3c\u300d\u9a37\u64fe\u7684\u4ed5\u5973\u5011[82]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7576\u6642\u7684\u2500\u2500\u4ee5\u53ca\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u2500\u2500\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u90fd\u5e0c\u671b\u8857\u982d\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u9593\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u548c\u8c61\u5fb5\u5c64\u6b21\u4e0a\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u5973\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u9032\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5c0d\u5973\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8cbf\u7136\u9032\u5165\u9019\u4e9b\u5834\u5408\u6642\u96e3\u514d\u6709\u88ab\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u5371\u96aa\uff0c\u8981\u80cc\u8ca0\u300c\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u300d\u7684\u6a19\u7c64\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u88ab\u61f7\u7591\u662f\u5993\u5973\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u5973\u6027\u884c\u52d5\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u963b\u7919\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5993\u5973\u548c\u300c\u7aef\u838a\u300d\u7684\u5973\u58eb\u96d6\u7136\u61c9\u8a72\u986f\u800c\u6613\u898b\u5730\u5728\u7a7f\u8457\u4e0a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u6703\u88ab\u6df7\u6dc6[83]<\/a>\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982Olive Schreiner\u5c31\u63d0\u52301885\u5e7412\u6708\u5979\u5728\u502b\u6566\u8857\u982d\u8207\u4e00\u4f4d\u7537\u6027\u53cb\u4eba\uff08Donkin\u535a\u58eb\uff09\u6563\u6b65\u56de\u5bb6\u6642\u88ab\u8b66\u5bdf\u8aa4\u8a8d\u70ba\u5993\u5973\uff0c\u5c0d\u8b66\u5bdf\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5979\u6c92\u6234\u5e3d\u5b50\u548c\u624b\u5957\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u884c\u70ba\u4e0d\u6aa2\u300d\uff08unrespectability\uff09\u7684\u8a18\u865f[84]<\/a>\u3002\u5169\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5099\u53d7\u656c\u91cd\u7684\u5317\u65b9\u5973\u5e3d\u88fd\u9020\u5546Miss Elizabeth Cass\u5728Regent\u8857\u4e0a\u88ab\u8aa4\u4ee5\u70ba\u62c9\u5ba2\u800c\u88ab\u902e\u6355\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5305\u62ecButler\u548cChant\u90fd\u633a\u8eab\u70ba\u5979\u8faf\u8b77\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6848\u5b50\u5728Cass\u7684\u96c7\u4e3b\u51fa\u9762\u8b49\u660e\u5979\u7d20\u884c\u826f\u597d\u5f8c\u624d\u64a4\u92b7\u63a7\u8a34\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u6848\u65e9\u5df2\u9b27\u5f97\u6eff\u57ce\u98a8\u96e8\u3002Judith Walkowitz\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\u4e00\u4ef6\u5f88\u8af7\u523a\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\uff1a\u7576\u6642W.T. Stead\uff08Pall Mall Gazette<\/em>\u5831\u7684\u4e3b\u7de8\uff09\u5c0dCass\u8868\u793a\u5168\u529b\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u4ef6\u6848\u5b50\u7dad\u8b77\u4e86\u7aef\u88dd\u5973\u4eba\u591c\u9593\u884c\u8d70\u8857\u9053\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u4f46\u662fStead\u5728\u793e\u6703\u6de8\u5316\u904b\u52d5\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u500b\u4eba\u8056\u6230\u300d\u2500\u2500\u85c9\u8457\u4ed6\u5beb\u7684\uff1c\u8655\u5973\u980c\uff1e\uff08Maiden Tribute\uff09\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u6fc0\u52f5\u717d\u52d5\u2500\u2500\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u6b63\u5f37\u5316\u4e86\u8b66\u5bdf\u5c0d\u5993\u5973\u7684\u9a37\u64fe[85]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u74e6\u89e3\u90a3\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u7684\u85e9\u7c6c\u5f88\u660e\u986f\u5730\u662f\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u904b\u52d5\u76ee\u6a19\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u4efd\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u671f\u520a\u8868\u9054\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u76ee\u6a19\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u5c31\u662f\u4fdd\u8b49\u5728\u9019\u500b19\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u502b\u6566\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u689d\u8857\u9053\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5973\u4eba\u5b89\u5168\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u884c\u8d70\u5176\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u8b93\u5973\u4eba\u5bb3\u6015\u4e0d\u6562\u554f\u8def[86]<\/a>\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u6709\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u5c07\u5993\u5973\u548c\u9152\u7cbe\u8d95\u51fa\u516c\u5171\u5834\u6240\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fc3\u6210\u9019\u4efd\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u8981\u6c42\u570b\u5bb6\u6ce8\u610f\u5973\u6027\u4eba\u8eab\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u4e5f\u5b8c\u5168\u5408\u4e4e\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c0d\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\uff1a\u96d6\u7136\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u653e\u4efb\u53d6\u5411\uff08laissez-faire approach\uff09\u8a8d\u70ba\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\u6108\u5c11\u6108\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4e5f\u540c\u6642\u8981\u6c42\u570b\u5bb6\u63d0\u4f9b\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u8b93\u500b\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u5979\u5011\u7684\u8208\u8da3\uff0f\u5229\u76ca\uff08interests\uff09\u3002\u5973\u4eba\u7576\u6642\u6240\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u51fa\u5979\u5011\u7684\u8208\u8da3\uff0f\u5229\u76ca\u548c\u5979\u5011\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8857\u982d\u7a7a\u9593\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4fdd\u8b49\u3002\u9019\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u81ea\u7531\u6b0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u8207\u5979\u5011\u7684\u81ea\u7531<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u5993\u5973\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u516c\u6c11\u6b0a\u5462\uff1f\u6839\u64daButler\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0cNVA\u7684\u93ae\u58d3\u884c\u52d5\u5305\u542b\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7d93\u5e38\u50be\u5411\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u5728\u7684\u58d3\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u9019\u4e2d\u9593\u53c8\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u50be\u5411\u8981\u4f7f\u58d3\u529b\u5e7e\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u843d\u5728\u5973\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u2500\u2500\u5979\u5011\u8aaa\u2500\u2500\u8981\u6574\u9813\u7537\u4eba\u6bd4\u8f03\u96e3\u3002\u9019\u500b\u505a\u6cd5\u5e38\u5e38\u5371\u53ca\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u5f88\u5c11\u4eba\u6703\u53bb\u95dc\u5fc3\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u4eba\u6b0a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002[87]<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0cNVA\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4e2d\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5982Laura Chant\uff0cMillicent Fawcett\u548cElizabeth Blackwell\u5f9e\u4e0d\u8a8d\u70ba\u5979\u5011\u7684\u7cfe\u5bdf\u5de5\u4f5c\u525d\u596a\u4e86\u5993\u5973\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\u5730\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u81ea\u8a8d\u5277\u9664\u5404\u7a2e\u300c\u8ce3\u6deb\u300d\uff08vice\uff09\u548c\u5b83\u5011\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u5e6b\u52a9\u300d\u4e86\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff1b\u5979\u5011\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u70ba\u90a3\u4e9b\u503c\u5f97\u62ef\u6551\u7684\u5993\u5973\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u56de\u982d\u4e4b\u8def\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e6b\u52a9\u53e6\u5916\u90a3\u4e9b\u300c\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u300d\u2500\u2500\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u4e00\u822c\u516c\u6c11\u300d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u50cf\u6de8\u5316\u904b\u52d5\u8005\u90a3\u6a23\u7684\u7aef\u838a\u5973\u4eba\u2500\u2500\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u6c61\u540d\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u597d\u5973\u4eba\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u5920\u5728\u4e0d\u6015\u6709\u8272\u773c\u5149\u53ca\u7121\u5371\u96aa\u4e4b\u865e\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u81ea\u7531\u9032\u5165\u516c\u5171\u5834\u57df\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u5c0dChant\u800c\u8a00\uff0c<\/p>\n

\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u4eba\u2026\u52aa\u529b\u6383\u9664\u8857\u982d\u8272\u60c5\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u4e00\u5806\u597d\u610f\u4f46\u7121\u804a\u7684\u8a00\u8ad6\u4f86\u8ac7\u4ec0\u9ebc\u300c\u4e3b\u9ad4\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u300d\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u597d\u4eba\u592a\u71b1\u8877\u65bc\u70ba\u90aa\u60e1\u812b\u7f6a\uff0c\u64d4\u5fc3\u5b83\u6703\u906d\u53d7\u4e0d\u516c\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u5979\u5011\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5fd8\u4e86\uff0c\u8ce3\u6deb\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u516c\uff0c\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u5c0d\u4e3b\u9ad4\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u56b4\u91cd\u4fb5\u72af\u3002[88]<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

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\u5982\u679c\u8aaa\u300c\u4e00\u822c\u516c\u6c11\u300d\u2500\u2500\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u300c\u5973\u4eba\u300d\u2500\u2500\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u9762\u5c0d\u4e0d\u6094\u6539\u7684\u5993\u5973\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6deb\u5a92\u6642\u9677\u5165\u5371\u96aa\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u7372\u5f97\u91cd\u751f\u7684\u5993\u5973\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u300c\u5979\u7684\u300d\u81ea\u7531\u5f9e\u8ce3\u6deb\u751f\u6daf\u4e2d\u62ef\u6551\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u300c\u62ef\u6551\u300d\uff08saving\uff09\u5993\u5973\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u5c31\u662f\u6062\u5fa9\u5979\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u300c\u500b\u4eba\u6b0a\u5229\u5354\u6703\u300d\uff08PRA\uff09\u4e26\u4e0d\u8a8d\u70baNVA\u7684\u93ae\u58d3\u884c\u70ba\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u300c\u62ef\u6551\u300d\u5993\u5973\u6216\u6062\u5fa9\u5979\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\u5730\uff0cPRA\u6307\u63a7NVA\u300c\u58d3\u6b7b\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u300d\uff1bNVA\u6216\u8a31\u7a31\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u300c\u9053\u5fb7\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5c0dPRA\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u300c\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u5916\u5728\u7684\u7aef\u838a\u800c\u5df2\u300d[90]<\/a>\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u9a5a\u8a1d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u4e9bNVA\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u4e5f\u81ea\u77e5\u53ea\u6709\u300c\u5916\u5728\u7684\u7aef\u838a\u300d\u662f\u4e0d\u5920\u7684\uff0cMrs. Mary Bunting\u5c31\u544a\u8a34\u300c\u5168\u570b\u5973\u6027\u52de\u5de5\u806f\u76df\u300d\uff08National Union of Woman Workers\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u6148\u5584\u516c\u76ca\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u5098\u72c0\u7d44\u7e54\uff09\u8aaa\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u5805\u6301\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u6e05\u9664\u8857\u982d\u7684\u6d41\u9daf\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6211\u5011\u7684\u773c\u775b\u4e0d\u6703\u50cf\u73fe\u5728\u9019\u9ebc\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6211\u5011\u7684\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u4e0d\u518d\u66b4\u9732\u5728\u8a98\u60d1\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u6703\u5446\u6eef\u5728\u865b\u5047\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u4e2d\uff1b\u800c\u90a3\u500b\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u2500\u2500\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8857\u982d\u666f\u8c61\u53ea\u662f\u9019\u500b\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u5916\u986f\u2500\u2500\u5c07\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u88ab\u8d95\u5230\u5e95\u5c64\u6df1\u8655\u800c\u66f4\u5fb9\u5e95\u5730\u638c\u63a7\u6574\u500b\u9ad4\u5236[91]<\/a>\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u865b\u5047\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u611f\uff0cNVA\u4ecd\u6301\u7e8c\u9032\u884c\u93ae\u58d3\u884c\u52d5\uff1b\u5373\u4f7f\u5f88\u986f\u7136\u5993\u5973\u6839\u672c\u6c92\u6709\u88ab\u62ef\u6551\u800c\u53ea\u662f\u88ab\u903c\u5f97\u7121\u5bb6\u53ef\u6b78\uff0cNVA\u4e5f\u4e26\u4e0d\u8a8d\u70ba\u8a08\u756b\u662f\u5931\u6557\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u8aaa\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u80af\u6094\u6539\u7684\u5993\u5973\u662f\u9435\u77f3\u5fc3\u8178\u3001\u7121\u85e5\u53ef\u6551\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728Aldershot\u8857\u4e0a\u904a\u884c\u793a\u5a01\u7684\u5993\u5973\u4e00\u6a23\u5448\u73fe\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u975e\u5e38\u60e1\u52a3\u7684\u666f\u8c61\u300d\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u5e1d\u570b\u6232\u9662\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5993\u5973\uff0c\u93ae\u58d3\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8a8d\u70ba\u5979\u5011\u662f\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u5011\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u610f\u9078\u64c7\u4e86\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u751f\u6daf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5979\u5011\u7684\u751f\u8a08\u672c\u4f86\u5c31\u61c9\u8a72\u88ab\u6bc0\u6ec5\u3002Deborah Gorham\u6307\u51fa\u793e\u6703\u6de8\u5316\u6539\u9769\u8005\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\u6e05\u695a\u5283\u5206\u800c\u4e14\u5c0d\u7acb\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\uff1a\u4e00\u7a2e\u614b\u5ea6\u8a8d\u70ba\u7acb\u6cd5\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5f37\u8feb\u4eba\u5011\u9075\u5faa\u9053\u5fb7\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5fc5\u8981\u6642\u7528\u5f37\u5236\u624b\u6bb5\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u614b\u5ea6\u76f8\u4fe1\u8b77\u885b\u500b\u4eba\u6b0a\u5229\u548c\u5c0d\u6297\u8272\u60c5\u540c\u7b49\u91cd\u8981[92]<\/a>\u3002\u5c31\u90a3\u4e9b\u9032\u884c\u300c\u6551\u63f4\u300d\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5340\u5206\u592a\u5c16\u92b3\u4e86\uff1b\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005Fawcett\u548cChant\u5c31\u8faf\u7a31\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u8981\u7dad\u8b77\u6216\u9054\u6210\u67d0\u4e9b\u6b0a\u5229\u548c\u81ea\u7531\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5973\u4eba\u884c\u8d70\u8857\u982d\u4e0d\u53d7\u9a37\u64fe\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u6253\u64ca\u67d0\u4e9b\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u8ce3\u6deb\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u8b70\u984c\u5c31\u662f\u8ce3\u6deb\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u72af\u7f6a\uff1a\u90a3\u4e9b\u50b7\u5bb3\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u5f37\u8feb\u5f0f\u300c\u6557\u5fb7\u300d\u884c\u70ba\u7576\u7136\u5c6c\u65bc\u72af\u7f6a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u4e5f\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5973\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u505a\u7684\u300c\u6557\u5fb7\u300d\u884c\u70ba\u8981\u662f\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u6709\u53cd\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e5f\u662f\u72af\u7f6a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u93ae\u58d3\u5f0f\u6de8\u5316\u904b\u52d5\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u8207\u5979\u5011\u4e0d\u63a1\u93ae\u58d3\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u59ca\u59b9\u5011\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5171\u540c\u7684\u671f\u671b\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4fc3\u9032\u516c\u79c1\u9818\u57df\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u90fd\u80fd\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u7537\u5973\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6027\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5979\u5011\u4f3c\u4e4e\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u9054\u6210\u9019\u500b\u76ee\u6a19\u7684\u6700\u597d\u624b\u6bb5\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u900f\u904e\u6148\u5584\u516c\u76ca\u548c\u570b\u5bb6\u5e72\u9810\u4f86\u300c\u99b4\u5316\u300d\u6216\u300c\u6559\u5316\u300d\u516c\u773e\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u5979\u5011\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u671f\u671b\u70ba\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u2500\u2500\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5973\u6027\u2500\u2500\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u6539\u8b8a\u516c\u773e\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u51fa\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u66f4\u5bec\u5ee3\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8996\u91ce\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u7406\u60f3\u4e2d\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5834\u57df\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u884c\u52d5\u81ea\u7531\u6b0a\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u95dc\u7537\u4eba\u5c0d\u5f85\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u8b70\u984c\u7576\u7136\u4e5f\u5217\u5165\u653f\u6cbb\u8b70\u7a0b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5979\u5011\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u662f\u52aa\u529b\u63a8\u52d5\u5973\u4eba\u53c3\u653f\u2500\u2500\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u6216\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5c64\u6b21\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u5de5\u4f5c\u5247\u662f\u8655\u7406\u6709\u95dc\u6027\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u8b70\u984c\u2500\u2500\u70ba\u7537\u6027\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u63f4\uff0c\u4e26\u63a8\u52d5\u6539\u8b8a\u4e0d\u516c\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3002\u5728\u4f01\u5716\u6d88\u6ec5\u8272\u60c5\u884c\u696d\u6642\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u4e3b\u8981\u805a\u7126\u65bc\u300c\u5993\u5973\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7537\u6027\u5ba2\u6236\uff0c\u800c\u5979\u5011\u5c0d\u5f85\u5993\u5973\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u591a\u534a\u662f\u300c\u4fdd\u8b77\u7684\u76e3\u63a7\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4f86\u81ea\u5979\u5011\u5c0d\u5973\u6027\u6027\u617e\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5979\u5011\u5c0d\u5e61\u7136\u6094\u609f\u7684\u300c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u300d\u5993\u5973\u6216\u5fdd\u4e0d\u77e5\u6065\u7684\u300c\u60e1\u9b54\u300d\u5993\u5973\u7684\u5340\u5206\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u5979\u5011\u6a02\u89c0\u7684\u76f8\u4fe1\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u570b\u5bb6\u300c\u8eab\u9ad4\u300d\uff08state body\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c07\u6703\u6839\u672c\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u9019\u4e9b\u5993\u5973\u7684\u300c\u8eab\u9ad4\u300d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u93ae\u58d3\u6d3e\u7684\u6de8\u5316\u904b\u52d5\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u5728\u570b\u5bb6\u4e4b\u5167\u3001\u6216\u900f\u904e\u570b\u5bb6\u4f86\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6539\u8b8a\u7576\u6642\u7684\u6027\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u722d\u53d6\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u548c\u6539\u9769\u6642\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u5f9e\u4e8b\u6148\u5584\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u5de5\u4f5c\u6642\uff0c\u90fd\u89ba\u5f97\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u5973\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u8005\u548c\u4fdd\u8b77\u8005\u3002\u5979\u5011\u7d50\u5408\u4e86\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c0d\u5973\u4eba\u8857\u982d\u884c\u52d5\u6b0a\u7684\u91cd\u8996\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b97\u6559\u5c0d\u300c\u7d14\u6f54\u300d\u5973\u6027\u9053\u5fb7\u512a\u8d8a\u7684\u5f37\u8abf\u2500\u2500\u7576\u7136\u4e5f\u5f37\u8abf\u300c\u4e0d\u7d14\u6f54\u300d\u5973\u6027\u7684\u58ae\u843d\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u5979\u5011\u5617\u8a66\u6311\u6230\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u4e26\u4fdd\u8b77\u7121\u8f9c\u7684\u300c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u300d\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5e61\u7136\u6094\u6664\u7684\u5993\u5973\u548c\u884c\u8d70\u8857\u982d\u7684\u7aef\u838a\u5973\u58eb\uff09\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u7d50\u679c\u537b\u4e0d\u4f46\u5426\u5b9a\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u80fd\u52d5\u6027\u2500\u2500\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u5979\u5011\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e16\u754c\u2500\u2500\u4e5f\u638c\u63a7\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u5979\u5011\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u300c\u7121\u53ef\u6551\u85e5\u300d\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u8a3b\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> \u672c\u6587\u5728\u4e4b\u524d\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u6bd4\u8f03\u77ed\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c”Purifying the Public World: Feminist vigilantes in late Victorian England.”<\/span><\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> Laura Chant, Women’s Signal, <\/em>1 November 1894; \u53c3\u8003Chant, Why We Attacked the Empire.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Vigilance Record<\/em>, October 1894.<\/span><\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> Laura Chant, Women’s Signal, <\/em>1 November 1894; \u53c3\u8003Chant, Why We Attacked the Empire.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> Josephine Butler to Mary Priestman, 5 November 1894 (JBC).<\/span><\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> Stedman Jones, “Working-Class Culture and Working-Class Politics in London, 1870-1900.”<\/span><\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> Harrison, “State Intervention and Moral Reform in Nineteenth-Century England,” In Hollids (ed.), Pressure from Without<\/em>; \u53c3\u8003Valverde, The Age of Light, Soap<\/em> and Water<\/em>, p. 29, \u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u5317\u7f8e\u6d32\u7684\u8108\u7d61\u4e2d\uff1a\u300c\u5f37\u52a0\u50f9\u503c\u5728\u5225\u7684\u968e\u7d1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u662f\u5275\u9020\u4e26\u80af\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u300d\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e5f\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u82f1\u570b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Stedman Jones, Outcast London<\/em>, p. 224.<\/span><\/p>\n

[9]<\/a> Walkowitz, Prostitution and Victorian Society<\/em>, p. 251.<\/span><\/p>\n

[10]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Wilson, The Sphinx in the City.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

[11]<\/a> \u5982Brian Harrison\u6240\u8aaa\uff0c\u9053\u5fb7\u6539\u9769\u8005\u2500\u2500\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u2500\u2500\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u968e\u7d1a\u8eab\u5206\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u548c\u8cb4\u65cf\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u5979\u5011\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u5f97\u5230\u90e8\u4efd\u52de\u5de5\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u53c3\u8003Harrison, “State Intervention and Moral Reform in Nineteenth-Century England,” in Hollis (ed.), Pressure from Without, <\/em>pp. 297-8.<\/span><\/p>\n

[12]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Walkowitz, P<\/em>rostitution and Victorian Society<\/em>; McHugh, Prostitution and Victorian Social Reform.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

[13]<\/a> Josephine Butler\u65bcExeter Hall\u7684\u6f14\u8b1b\uff0c\u520a\u8f09\u65bcThe Shield<\/em>, II April 1885.<\/span><\/p>\n

[14]<\/a> \u95dc\u65bcNVA\u7d44\u7e54\u4e2d\u4e3b\u5f35\u5ee2\u9664C.D.\u6cd5\u6848\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u8acb\u53c3\u95b1The Sentinel<\/em>, April 1887.<\/span><\/p>\n

[15]<\/a> \u95dc\u65bc\u300c\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u8001\u5e2b\u300d\u7684\u6cd5\u4ee4\uff0c\u8acb\u53c3\u95b1Harrison, “State Intervention and Moral Reform in Nineteenth-Century England,” in Hollis (ed.), Pressure from Without<\/em>; \u4ee5\u53caSheila Jeffreys, The Spinster and Her Enemies<\/em>\uff0c\u8a72\u66f8\u5c0d\u65bcNVA\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u6709\u6bd4\u8f03\u6b63\u9762\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u611f\u8b1dWalter McLaughlin\u5c0d\u65bcNVA\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[16]<\/a> Elizabeth Wolstenholm Elmy, Journal of the Personal Rights Association,<\/em> May 1887.<\/span><\/p>\n

[17]<\/a> Josephine Butler, 1897, \u5f9eHigson, The Story of a Beginning<\/em>\u7576\u4e2d\u6458\u9304\u51fa\u4f86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[18]<\/a> The Journal of the Vigilance Association,<\/em> 15 October 1885.<\/span><\/p>\n

[19]<\/a> Bristow, Vice and Vigilance, <\/em>p. 154. Judith Walkowitz\u6307\u51fa1888\u5e74\u5091\u514b\u958b\u819b\u624b\u7cfb\u5217\u8b00\u6bba\u6848\u5c0e\u81f4\u5993\u9662\u548c\u5993\u5973\u627f\u53d7\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u5927\u7684\u5f37\u5236\u58d3\u529b\u3002\u9084\u6709\uff0c\u300c\u6e05\u9664\u300dWhitechapel\u6642\u4f7f\u7528\u62c6\u9664\u9055\u5efa\u4f5c\u70ba\u56e0\u61c9\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u4e5f\u60e1\u5316\u4e86\u5993\u5973\u8207\u5176\u540c\u4f4f\u8005\u7684\u7121\u5bb6\u53ef\u6b78\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[20]<\/a>\u300c\u502b\u6566\u516c\u5171\u9053\u5fb7\u4fc3\u9032\u8b70\u6703\u300d\uff08The London Council for the Promotion of Public Morality\uff08LCPPM\uff09\uff09\u57281902\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u9805\u8349\u6848\uff0c\u8981\u5c07\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u516c\u5bd3\u6216\u8005\u55ae\u8eab\u5bbf\u820d\u4e2d\u7684\u5993\u5973\u7d66\u5305\u542b\u9032\u53bb\u3002\u8a72\u8349\u6848\u5f8c\u4f86\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u6b63\u5f0f\u7acb\u6cd5\u3002\u53c3\u95b1LCPPM Annual Report, 23 February 1903.<\/span><\/p>\n

[21]<\/a> Lucy Wilson, \u793e\u8ad6, Journal of the Person Rights Association,<\/em> 15 January 1886.<\/span><\/p>\n

[22]<\/a> Henrietta Muller\u5f15\u81eaPersonal Rights Journal,<\/em> I October 1886.<\/span><\/p>\n

[23]<\/a> Elizabeth Wolstenholme Elmy, J<\/em>ournal of the Personal Rights Association, <\/em>May 1886.<\/span><\/p>\n

[24]<\/a> William Coote, Th<\/em>e Vigilance Record,<\/em> 16 April 1887.<\/span><\/p>\n

[25]<\/a> Vigilance Record, <\/em>16 April 1887.<\/span><\/p>\n

[26]<\/a> Vigilance Record, <\/em>July 1888.<\/span><\/p>\n

[27]<\/a> Personal Rights Journal, <\/em>January 1889.<\/span><\/p>\n

[28]<\/a> \u95dc\u65bcMillicent Fawcett\u5728NVA\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u53c3\u95b1Rubinstein, A Different World for Women<\/em>, p. 90\u4e8c\u5341\u4e09\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u4ecd\u95dc\u5207Fawcett\u5728NVA\u7684\u8eab\u5206\u3002\u4f8b\u5982Fatum\u5beb\u7d66The Freewoman<\/em>, 20 June 1912, pp. 96-7\u63d0\u5230\uff1a\u300c\u8a31\u591a\u6709\u6587\u5316\u6559\u990a\u548c\u53d7\u826f\u597d\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5a66\u5973\u9078\u8209\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u8005\u90fd\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u770b\u5230Fawcett\u9000\u51faNVA\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n

[29]<\/a> The Hants and Surrey Times<\/em>, 30 June 1888, \u6458\u9304\u65bcVigilance Record<\/em>, July 1888, p. 68.<\/span><\/p>\n

[30]<\/a> The Aldershot Gazette<\/em>, 23, June 1888, \u6458\u9304\u65bcVigilance Record<\/em>, July 1888, p. 68.<\/span><\/p>\n

[31]<\/a> Woman’s Penny Paper<\/em>, 1 December 1888.<\/span><\/p>\n

[32]<\/a> Arthur Collier, “Two Purity Societies,” The Adult, <\/em>vol. 2, no. 7, August 1898, p. 207.<\/span><\/p>\n

[33]<\/a> Chant, “Woman and the Streets,” In Marchant (ed.), Public Morals.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

[34]<\/a> Stedman Jones, “Working-class Culture and Working-class Politics in London, 1870-1900,” p. 77.<\/span><\/p>\n

[35]<\/a> Laura Chant, Vigilance Record<\/em>, April 1889, \u95dc\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u6642\u671f\u5c0d\u65bc\u97f3\u6a02\u5ef3\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u53c3\u95b1Baily (ed.), Music Hall: the Business of Pleasure.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

[36]<\/a> Laura Chant, Vigilance Record<\/em>, July 1888.<\/span><\/p>\n

[37]<\/a> Laura Chant, Woman’s Signal,<\/em> 1 November 1894.<\/span><\/p>\n

[38]<\/a> Chant, Why We Attacked the Empire, <\/em>p. 30.<\/span><\/p>\n

[39]<\/a> Blackwell, Right and Wrong Methods with Dealing with the Social Evil<\/em>, pp. 12, 29. Elizabeth Blackwell\u5168\u529b\u6295\u5165\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b77\u885b\u793e\u5340\u81ea\u4e3b\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u70ba\u5f37\u6709\u529b\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u53e6\u985e\u9078\u64c7\u3002\u9019\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5979\u65e9\u671f\u5c0d\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u793e\u7fa4\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8208\u8da3\u3002\u611f\u8b1dSandra Holton\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u9ad8\u898b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[40]<\/a> London Council for the Promotion of Public Morality Annual Report, <\/em>February 1902. \u82e5\u5e72\u502b\u6566\u5e02\u8b70\u6703\u90fd\u6307\u6d3e\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b98\u54e1\u53bb\u76e3\u7763\u8ce3\u6deb\uff0c\u4e26\u8207NVA\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u9053\u5fb7\u5718\u9ad4\u4e00\u8d77\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u53c3\u95b1Coote, A Romance of Philanthropy<\/em>; Mort, Dangerous Sexualities<\/em>, p. 135.<\/span><\/p>\n

[41]<\/a> \u95dc\u65bcElizabeth Blackwell\u7684\u53cd\u5c0d\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u53c3\u95b1NVA Executive Minutes<\/em>, 8 March 1887.<\/span><\/p>\n

[42]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1William Coote\u5c0dRoyal Commission on the Police\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8b49\u64da\uff0c\u8a18\u8f09\u5728Vigilance<\/em> Record<\/em>, October 1906; Storch, “Police Control of Street Prostitution in Victorian London,” in Bailey (ed.), Police and Society.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

[43]<\/a> 1905\u5e74\u7684\u300c\u5916\u570b\u4eba\u6cd5\u300d\u898f\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\u3001\u8ca7\u56f0\u6f66\u5012\u7684\u5916\u570b\u4eba\u90fd\u4e0d\u51c6\u9032\u5165\u642d\u8f09\u4e8620\u500b\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u591a\u5916\u570b\u4eba\u7684\u8239\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u5ba2\u8259\u7684\u4e58\u5ba2\u3002\u53c3\u95b1Foot, Immigrants and Race in British Politics.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

[44]<\/a> London council for the Promotion of Public Morality Annual report,<\/em> 28 February 1903, \u540c\u6642\u53c3\u95b11905\u5e7412\u670831\u65e5\uff0c\u53ca1906\u5e7412\u670831\u65e5\u7684\u5e74\u9451\u5831\u544a\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u53c3\u95b1Coote, A Romance of Philanthropy<\/em>\u3002Coote\u5411\u5927\u90fd\u6703\u8b66\u5bdf\u7687\u5bb6\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u502b\u6566\u5728\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u8272\u60c5\u6c3e\u6feb\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u537b\u5df2\u8b8a\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u6236\u5916\u7684\u5927\u6559\u5802\uff0c\uff08Royal Commission on the Duties of the Metropolitan Police<\/em> 1908, p. 686. \u6458\u9304\u65bcMort, Dangerous Sexualities<\/em>, p. 136\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[45]<\/a> Walkowitz, Prostitution and Victorian Society,<\/em> pp. 247, 251-2\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[46]<\/a> Journal of the vigilance Association<\/em>, 15 October 1885.<\/span><\/p>\n

[47]<\/a> Chant, Why We Attacked the Empire,<\/em> p. 5.<\/span><\/p>\n

[48]<\/a> Hollis (ed.), Ladies Elect<\/em>, p. 48; \u53c3\u95b1Shiman, “‘Changes are Dangerous’: Women and Temperance in Victorian England,” \u6536\u9304\u65bcMalmgreen (ed.), Religion in the Lives of English Women,<\/em> 1760-1930; Amanda Sebestyen, ‘Women against the Demon Drink’, Spare Rib<\/em>, no. 100, 1980; Bordin, Women and Temperance.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

[49]<\/a> Levine, Feminist Lives in Victorian England<\/em>, p. 87.<\/span><\/p>\n

[50]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Prochaska, Women and Philanthropy in Nineteenth-Century England;<\/em> Summers, “A Home from Home–Women’s Philanthropic Work in the Nineteenth Century,” in Burman, Fit Work for Women<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

[51]<\/a> Nead, Myths of Sexuality,<\/em> pp. 196-7.<\/span><\/p>\n

[52]<\/a> Donzelot, The Policing of Families.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

[53]<\/a> Walkowitz, “Male Vice and Female Virtue: Feminism and the Politics of Prostitution in Nineteenth-Century Britain,” \u6536\u9304\u65bcSnitow\u6240\u7de8\u8f2f\u4e4bDesire: the Politics of Sexuality<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

[54]<\/a> Riley, Am I That Name? Feminism and the Category of “Woman” in History<\/em>, pp. 49, 51.\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u665a\u671f\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u5169\u842c\u4f4d\u6709\u85aa\u6c34\u7684\u5973\u6027\u300c\u6148\u5584\u7fa9\u5de5\u300d\uff0c\u5fd7\u9858\u7684\u5247\u6709\u4e94\u5341\u842c\u4f4d\u3002\uff08Walkowitz, City of<\/em> Dreadful Delight<\/em>, p. 53\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[55]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Hollis, Ladies Elect<\/em>; Summers, “A home from Home–Women’s Philanthropic Work in the Nineteenth Century,” in Burman, Fit Work for Women<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

[56]<\/a> Hollis, Ladies Elect<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

[57]<\/a> \u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u53ca\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u8a66\u5716\u52a0\u5165\u8b66\u5bdf\u884c\u696d\u3002\u53c3\u95b1Bland, “In the Name of Protection: the Policing of Women in the First World War,” \u6536\u9304\u65bcSmart and Brophy (eds.), Women in Law<\/em>; Levine, “‘Walking the Streets in a Way No Decent Woman Should’: Women Police in World War I.”<\/span><\/p>\n

[58]<\/a> \u6709\u95dc\u5973\u6027\u5617\u8a66\u6210\u70ba\u8b70\u54e1\u7684\u8a18\u8f09\uff0c\u53c3\u95b1Hollis, Ladies Elect.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

[59]<\/a> Vigilance Record,<\/em> April 1889. \u96a8\u8457\u8cb4\u65cf\u52e2\u529b\u7684\u6c92\u843d\u548c\u4e2d\u7522\u5b98\u50da\u9ad4\u5236\u7684\u8208\u8d77\uff0c\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c0d\u8150\u6557\u8cb4\u65cf\u9ad4\u5236\u7684\u6575\u610f\u770b\u4f86\u5df2\u7d93\u904e\u6642\u4e86\u3002\u9762\u5c0d\u9010\u6f38\u6709\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u52de\u5de5\u968e\u7d1a\u4ee5\u53ca\u666e\u904d\u7684\u8ca7\u7aae\u72c0\u6cc1\u6642\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u2500\u2500\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u300d\uff08New Liberals\uff09\u2500\u2500\u89ba\u5f97\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u7fa9\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c0d\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u653e\u4efb\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3002\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u7fa4\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\u6240\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u5f9e1880\u5e74\u4ee3\u4f86\u5df2\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u4e00\u5957\u65b0\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u500b\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u300c\u6a5f\u6703\u5e73\u7b49\u300d\u53ea\u6709\u85c9\u7531\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u5e72\u9810\u624d\u80fd\u5be6\u73fe\uff1b\u570b\u5bb6\u61c9\u8a72\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u7684\u300c\u96c6\u9ad4\u610f\u5fd7\u300d\u800c\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u4f5c\u70ba\u3002\u53c3\u95b1Clarke et al, Ideologies of Welfare<\/em>, and Langan and Schwarz (eds.), Crises in the British State, 1880-1930<\/em>. \u8a31\u591a\u6de8\u5316\u793e\u6703\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u7acb\u5834\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u65b0\u63a1\u7528\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u89c0\u5ff5\u2500\u2500\u7279\u5225\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u2500\u2500\u548c\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u653f\u5e9c\u8207\u6cd5\u4ee4\u5fc5\u9808\u626e\u6f14\u9053\u5fb7\u91cd\u6574\u7684\u4e2d\u4ecb\u89d2\u8272\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[60]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Summerfield, “The Effingham Arms and the Empire: Deliberate Selection in the Evolution of Music Hall in London,” \u6536\u9304\u65bcYeo and Yeo (eds.), Popular Culture and Class Conflict<\/em>, 1590-1914.<\/span><\/p>\n

[61]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Samuel, “The Discovery of Puritanism, 1820-1914: a Preliminary Sketch,” \u6536\u9304\u65bcGarnett and Mathew (eds.), Revival and Religion since 1700<\/em>. \u95dc\u65bc\u9032\u6b65\u9ee8\u9ee8\u54e1\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0cBeatrice Webb\u5728\u5979\u7684\u65e5\u8a18\u4e2d\u8a18\u8f09\uff1a\u300c\u4e00\u822c\u9032\u6b65\u9ee8\u9ee8\u54e1\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u500b\u7c97\u4eba\u3001\u5fc3\u80f8\u72f9\u7a84\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u72c2\u71b1\u4efd\u5b50\u6216\u8005\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u584a\u7070\u6ce5\u3002\u300d\uff0823 January 1895, \u6458\u9304\u65bcMacKenzie and MacKenzie, The First Fabians<\/em>, p. 304.\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

[62]<\/a> Theatre and Music Halls, Committee of the LCC, 31 July 1890, \u6458\u9304\u65bcPennybacker, “‘\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u5979\u8aaa\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5979\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u8aaa\u7684’: The London County Council and the Music Halls,” in Bailey (ed.), Music Hall: The Business of Pleasure.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

[63]<\/a> \u95dc\u65bc\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u53c3\u95b1Booth, London Town,<\/em> p. 142.<\/span><\/p>\n

[64]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Daily Telegraph<\/em>, 18 October 1894, p. 3; \u6216Stokes, In the Nineties<\/em>, p. 58.<\/span><\/p>\n

[65]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Churchill, My Early Life<\/em>; Turner, Roads to Ruin<\/em>, \u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[66]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Stokes, In the Nineties,<\/em> p. 57.<\/span><\/p>\n

[67]<\/a> Walkowitz, Prostitution and Victorian Society<\/em>, p. 249.<\/span><\/p>\n

[68]<\/a> Vigilance Record<\/em>, 15 January 1888. \u6700\u5ee3\u70ba\u6d41\u50b3\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u8a8d\u70ba\u5993\u5973\u7684\u7279\u8cea\u5c31\u662f\u597d\u9038\u60e1\u52de\u3002\u53c3\u95b1Levine, “Venereal Disease, Prostitution and the Politics of Empire.”<\/span><\/p>\n

[69]<\/a> Moral Reform Union, The Fallen Woman!<\/em> Leaflet, n.d.<\/span><\/p>\n

[70]<\/a> Moral Reform Union, The Fallen Woman!<\/em> Leaflet, n.d.<\/span><\/p>\n

[71]<\/a> Blackwell, Purchase of Women: the Great Economic Blunder<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

[72]<\/a> \u6709\u95dc\u503c\u5f97\u62ef\u6551\u548c\u4e0d\u503c\u5f97\u62ef\u6551\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5340\u5206\u2500\u2500\u81ea1880\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u4f86\u5c31\u88ab\u6148\u5584\u7d44\u7e54\u548c\u570b\u5bb6\u6a5f\u69cb\u5ee3\u6cdb\u61c9\u7528\u7684\u5206\u985e\u7cfb\u7d71\u2500\u2500\u53c3\u95b1Stedman Jones, Outcast London<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

[73]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Tomalin, The Invisible Woman<\/em>; Davis, Actresses as Working Women<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

[74]<\/a> Laura Chant, Woman’s Signal<\/em>, 1 November 1894.<\/span><\/p>\n

[75]<\/a> Chant, “Women and the Streets,” in Marchant (ed.), Public Morals<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

[76]<\/a>\u6709\u95dc\u65bc\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u672c\u8cea\uff0c\u53c3\u95b1Walkowitz, Prostitution and Victorian Society<\/em>, \u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3002Tickner, The Spectacle of Women<\/em>, p. 225\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86\u5a66\u5973\u9078\u8209\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u5c0d\u65bc\u5993\u5973\u7684\u5716\u50cf\u63cf\u7e6a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[77]<\/a> Walkowitz, City of Dreadful Delight.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

[78]<\/a> Judith Walkowitz, “Jack the Ripper and the Myth of Male Violence,” p. 544.<\/span><\/p>\n

[79]<\/a> Showalter, Sexual Anarchy<\/em>, p. 118.<\/span><\/p>\n

[80]<\/a> \u4e00\u4f4d\u7576\u4ee3\u89c0\u5bdf\u5bb6\u9019\u6a23\u63cf\u8ff0\u5e1d\u570b\u6232\u9662\uff1a\u300c\u9664\u4e86\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u5916\uff0c\u6b65\u9053\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u7537\u4eba\u7684\u7279\u5340\u3002\u300d\uff08W. M. Queen-Pope, Twenty Shillings in the Pound<\/em>, \u6458\u9304\u65bcTurner, Roads to Ruin<\/em>, p. 211\uff09\u3002\u53c3\u95b1Sennett, The Fall of Public Man<\/em>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[81]<\/a> Levine, Feminist Lives,<\/em> p. 84.<\/span><\/p>\n

[82]<\/a> Walkowitz, City of Dreadful Delight<\/em>, pp. 24, 45, 52. \u53c3\u95b1Bowlby, Just Looking,<\/em> \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[83]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Valverde, “The Love of Finery: Fashion and the Fallen Woman in Nineteenth-Century Social Discourse,” pp. 168-88.<\/span><\/p>\n

[84]<\/a> Olive Schreiner to the editor of Daily News, 28 December 1885, Olive Schreiner<\/em> Letters: vol. 1, 1871-1899<\/em>. pp. 70-71.<\/span><\/p>\n

[85]<\/a> \u95dc\u65bcCass\u7684\u6848\u5b50\uff0c\u53c3\u95b1The Pioneer<\/em>, 1 August 1887; Walkowitz, City of Dreadful Delight,<\/em> p. 218. \u95dc\u65bc\u8aa4\u6355\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u9084\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u9b27\u5f97\u6eff\u57ce\u98a8\u96e8\u3002<\/em>\u53c3\u95b1”How Men Protect Woman,” The Vote,<\/em> 17 February 1912, p. 197.<\/span><\/p>\n

[86]<\/a> The Pioneer,<\/em> 1 August 1887.<\/span><\/p>\n

[87]<\/a> Josephine Butler to Anon., 5 November 1896 (JBC).<\/span><\/p>\n

[88]<\/a> Chant, “Women and the Streets,” in Marchant (ed.), Public Morals,<\/em> p. 129.<\/span><\/p>\n

[89]<\/a> Millicent Fawcett, Vigilance Record<\/em>, June 1893.<\/span><\/p>\n

[90]<\/a> Personal Rights Journal,<\/em> January 1889.<\/span><\/p>\n

[91]<\/a> Paper given to the National Union of Women Workers, October 1895, reproduced in Vigilance Record<\/em>, December 1895.<\/span><\/p>\n

[92]<\/a> Gorham, “The ‘Maiden Tribute of Modern Babylon’ Reexamined,” pp. 366-7.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8f49\u8f09\u672c\u6587\u8acb\u4fdd\u7559\u7db2\u9801\u8a3b\u8a18<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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