{"id":4403,"date":"1998-03-01T19:17:55","date_gmt":"1998-03-01T11:17:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/?p=4403"},"modified":"2017-01-15T19:58:58","modified_gmt":"2017-01-15T11:58:58","slug":"%e3%80%8c%e5%a9%8a%e5%ad%90%e3%80%8d%e6%b1%a1%e5%90%8d%ef%bc%9a%e5%a5%b3%e6%80%a7%e7%9a%84%e5%8d%91%e8%b3%a4%e5%92%8c%e7%94%b7%e6%80%a7%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%8b%e6%b5%81%ef%bc%88%e7%bf%bb%e8%ad%af%e6%a0%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/1998\/03\/%e3%80%8c%e5%a9%8a%e5%ad%90%e3%80%8d%e6%b1%a1%e5%90%8d%ef%bc%9a%e5%a5%b3%e6%80%a7%e7%9a%84%e5%8d%91%e8%b3%a4%e5%92%8c%e7%94%b7%e6%80%a7%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%8b%e6%b5%81%ef%bc%88%e7%bf%bb%e8%ad%af%e6%a0%a1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u300c\u5a4a\u5b50\u300d\u6c61\u540d\uff1a\u5973\u6027\u7684\u5351\u8ce4\u548c\u7537\u6027\u7684\u4e0b\u6d41\uff08\u7ffb\u8b6f\u6821\u8a02\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\uff08\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u662fGail Pheterson\u7684\u201cThe Whore Stigma: Female Dishonor and Male Unworthiness,\u201d Social Text 37\u00a0<\/em>(Winter 1993): 39-64.\u7d93\u4f5c\u8005\u540c\u610f\u7ffb\u8b6f\uff0c<\/span><\/strong>\u91d1<\/span>\u5b9c\u84c1\u3001\u5f35\u7389\u82ac\u8b6f\uff0c\u4f55\u6625\u8564\u6821\u8a02\uff0c\u520a\u65bc\u300a\u6027\uff0f\u5225\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u300c\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u5993\u6b0a\u89c0\u9ede\u300d\u5c08\u865f\uff0c\u9801113-146\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u53f0\u5317\u516c\u5a3c\u6297\u722d\u7684\u6025\u8feb\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u7576\u6642\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6709\u9650\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5f9e1997\u5e749\u6708\u5c31\u958b\u59cb\u6025\u5207\u7684\u627e\u5c0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u65b0\u8208\u7684\u53f0\u5317\u5993\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\uff0c\u4e5f\u62fc\u547d\u7684\u7ffb\u8b6f\u5f15\u9032\u76f8\u95dc\u570b\u969b\u6587\u4ef6\u8207\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c0d\u6297\u5728\u5730\u8ce3\u6deb\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u53d6\u5411\uff0c\u4e26\u8207\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u5a3c\u5993\u8ad6\u8ff0\u6297\u8861\u3002\u6700\u7d42\u57281998\u5e743\u6708\u63a8\u51fa400\u591a\u9801\u7684\u300a\u6027\uff0f\u5225\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u300c\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u5993\u6b0a\u89c0\u9ede\u300d\u5c08\u865f\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u8f49\u70ba\u5c08\u984c\u66f8\uff0c\u7531\u5de8\u6d41\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u6230\u5c40\u3002\u90a3\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u65e5\u4ee5\u7e7c\u591c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u70ba\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u8b70\u984c\u5960\u7acb\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u57fa\u790e\u3002\uff09<\/strong>*<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5a4a\u5b50\uff08whore\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u8ce3\u6deb\uff08prostitute\uff09\u3002Prostitute\uff08\u5a3c\u5993\uff09\u7576\u540d\u8a5e\u6642\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u51fa\u8ce3\u81ea\u5df1\u8eab\u9ad4\uff0c\u6beb\u4e0d\u6311\u9078\u7684\u63d0\u4f9b\u5404\u7a2e\u6027\u4ea4\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u300d\u2014\u2014\u81f3\u5c11\u300a\u725b\u6d25\u7c21\u660e\u5b57\u5178\u300b\u662f\u9019\u9ebc\u89e3\u91cb\u7684\u2500\u2500\u9019\u500b\u5b57\u7576\u52d5\u8a5e\u6642\uff0c\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\uff1a\u70ba\u4e86\u5c11\u8a31\u5229\u76ca\u800c\u51fa\u8ce3\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5c0a\u56b4\u3001\u6216\u662f\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u7528\u5728\u5351\u8ce4\u7684\u7528\u9014\u4e0a\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u5178\u5247\u5728\u540d\u8a5e\u89e3\u91cb\u4e2d\u9084\u9806\u4fbf\u52a0\u4e0a\u7537\u6027\uff08\u5993\u7537\uff09[1]<\/a>\uff0c\u52d5\u8a5e\u89e3\u91cb\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5247\u7279\u5225\u5728\u5351\u8ce4\uff08dishonor\uff09\u4e4b\u5f8c\u52a0\u4e0a\u7f9e\u8fb1\uff08shame\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u300c\u5351\u8ce4\u7684\u7528\u9014\u300d\u4e4b\u5f8c\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6d41\uff08unworthiness\uff09\u8207\u72af\u7f6a\uff08wrongdoing\uff09\u3002 \u9019\u9ebc\u8aaa\u4f86\uff0c\u540d\u8a5eprostitute\u660e\u78ba\u5730\u6307\u6d89\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u2014\u2014\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5973\u4eba\u2014\u2014\u70ba\u4e86\u91d1\u9322\u800c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7570\u6027\u6200\u7684\u6027\u4ea4\u670d\u52d9\uff1b\u52d5\u8a5eprostitute\u5247\u53ef\u6307\u6d89\u4efb\u4f55\u6027\u8cea\u53ef\u8b70\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u5012\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8207\u6027\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u89e3\u91cb\u61c9\u8a72\u90fd\u7b97\u883b\u5408\u4e4e\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u6703\u5c07\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u89e3\u91cb\u4f75\u5165\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\uff1b\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f86\uff0cprostitute\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u5c31\u8b8a\u6210\uff1a\u4e00\u500b\u5973\u4eba\u51fa\u8ce3\u5c0a\u56b4\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u5351\u8ce4\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u6216\u5351\u8ce4\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5979\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u7d66\u4ed6\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u6307\u6027\u4ea4\u884c\u70ba\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u6beb\u4e0d\u6311\u9078\u7684<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u300c\u6beb\u4e0d\u6311\u9078\u7684\u300d\uff08indiscriminate\uff09\u9019\u500b\u5b57\u5c0d\u6b50\u6d32\u8207\u5317\u7f8e\u6d32\u7684\u5a3c\u5993\u800c\u8a00\u662f\u500b\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9[2]<\/a>\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u90a3\u4e9b\u5730\u5340\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u5a3c\u5993\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u6709\u9078\u64c7\u6b0a\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6311\u9078\u5ba2\u4eba\u2014\u2014\u662f\u5f9e\u4e8b\u9019\u9805\u884c\u696d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b0a\u5229\uff1b\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u597d\u58de\u9ad8\u4e0b\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u5993\u5973\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u6b0a\u5229\u6311\u9078\u9867\u5ba2\u4f86\u5224\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5a3c\u5993\u6c92\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6b0a\u5229\u6311\u9078\u5ba2\u4eba\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u662f\u771f\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5993\u5973\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u6c92\u6709\u9078\u64c7\u6b0a\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u8ce3\u6deb\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5167\u5728\u672c\u8cea\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u5011\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u4eba\u6b0a\u53d7\u5230\u525d\u596a\u3002\u4e00\u4f4d\u963f\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u4e39\u7684\u6ae5\u7a97\u5993\u5973\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u5ba2\u4eba\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u770b\u5230\u6211\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u5148\u900f\u904e\u73bb\u7483\u770b\u5230\u4ed6\u3002\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ed4\u7d30\u7684\u770b\u4ed6\u5011\uff0c\u5148\u9694\u8457\u73bb\u7483\u5b8c\u6210\u4ea4\u6d89\u624d\u958b\u9580\u3002\u6211\u6709\u6b0a\u62d2\u7d55\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u6211\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969c\u6211\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u300d\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u8377\u862d\u7684\u5993\u5973\u5247\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u770b\u6cd5\uff1a\u300c\u6c92\u932f\uff0c\u5750\u5728\u73bb\u7483\u5f8c\u9762\u6211\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6311\u9078\u5ba2\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4e5f\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u533f\u540d\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u6c92\u8fa6\u6cd5\u516c\u958b\u5730\u5750\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u5728\u591c\u7e3d\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728\u591c\u7e3d\u6703\u88e1\u6211\u6c92\u6709\u6b0a\u5229\u62d2\u7d55\u5ba2\u6236\uff0c\u9023\u8981\u6c42\u5ba2\u6236\u4f7f\u7528\u4fdd\u96aa\u5957\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\uff0c\u4f46\u81f3\u5c11\u6211\u6709\u96b1\u79c1\u6b0a\u3002\u300d\u9084\u597d\u7531\u65bc\u611b\u6ecb\u75c5\u7684\u6050\u614c\uff0c\u8377\u862d\u5927\u591a\u6578\u7684\u591c\u7e3d\u6703\u5df2\u7d93\u958b\u59cb\u5bb9\u5fcd\u2500\u2500\u96d6\u7136\u9084\u7121\u6cd5\u5f37\u5236\u8981\u6c42\u2500\u2500\u4f7f\u7528\u4fdd\u96aa\u5957\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u6027\u4ea4\uff08sexual intercourse\uff09\u9019\u500b\u8a5e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u6db5\u84cb\u6240\u6709\u5a3c\u5993\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u6027\u4ea4\u6613\u4e26\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u6027\u4ea4\uff1b\u5947\u602a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u300c\u6beb\u4e0d\u6311\u9078\u300d\uff08indiscriminate\uff09\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u6027\u4ea4\uff08intercourse\uff09\u4e00\u653e\u5728\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u8108\u7d61\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e5f\u5c31\u8b8a\u5f97\u7279\u5225\u72f9\u9698\u800c\u812b\u96e2\u73fe\u5be6\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u73fe\u5be6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u50cf\u5b83\u7684\u8cbb\u7528\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5354\u5546\u7684\uff0c\u5993\u5973\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u5ba2\u4eba\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u51fa\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6700\u5f8c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6b0a\u4ecd\u5728\u5993\u5973\u624b\u4e0a\u3002\u6027\u4ea4\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0d\u67d0\u4e9b\u5993\u5973\u4f86\u8aaa\u662f\u5e38\u614b\uff0c\u5c0d\u5176\u4ed6\u5993\u5973\u4f86\u8aaa\u662f\u7279\u4f8b\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u5993\u5973\u5c31\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u7576\u61c9\u53ec\u5973\u90ce\u5341\u5e74\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u7e3d\u662f\u5e36\u7537\u4eba\u5230\u6211\u5bb6\uff0c\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e5d\u5341\u4e94\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u53e3\u4ea4\u2500\u2500\u9019\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u50a2\u4f19\u5728\u5bb6\u88e1\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u3002\u300d\u52a0\u5dde\u4e00\u5bb6\u6309\u6469\u9662\u7684\u5993\u5973\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7528\u624b\u4ea4\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u5ba2\u6236\u4f86\u8aaa\u6700\u4fbf\u5b9c\uff0c\u5c0d\u6211\u4f86\u8aaa\u4e5f\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u3002\u300d\u6cd5\u570b\u5df4\u9ece\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u5993\u5973\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u662f\u4f9d\u5ba2\u4eba\u4ed8\u7684\u91d1\u984d\u800c\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u5ba2\u4eba\u4ed8\u7684\u91d1\u984d\u53c8\u662f\u4f9d\u6027\u4ea4\u59ff\u52e2\u8207\u6642\u9593\u800c\u5b9a\u3002\u5728\u958b\u59cb\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u8981\u5148\u8ac7\u50f9\u9322\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u5728\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8981\u518d\u8ac7\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u9084\u8981\u518d\u4e09\u8b70\u50f9\u3002\u300d\u4e00\u4f4d\u6d77\u7259\u7684\u963b\u8857\u5973\u90ce\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6027\u4ea4\u662f\u6700\u4e0d\u89aa\u5bc6\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u4ea4\u6613\u3002\u300d\u96d6\u7136\u5927\u591a\u6578\u5a3c\u5993\u62d2\u7d55\u809b\u4ea4\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u6709\u6975\u5c11\u6578\u5973\u6027\u60c5\u9858\u809b\u4ea4\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u5a3c\u5993\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u7684\u9670\u9053\u662f\u8981\u7559\u7d66\u611b\u4eba\u7684\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

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\u793e\u6703\u5c64\u6b21\u7684\u5351\u8ce4\u548c\u4e0b\u6d41<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u8ce4\u5c31\u662f\u59b3\u70ba\u4e86\u8981\u5c01\u4f4f\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5634\u800c\u5e79\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8ce4\u5c31\u662f\u59b3\u70ba\u4e86\u4ed6\u5011\u6709\u9019\u500b\u50f9\u503c\u800c\u505a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8ce4\u5c31\u662f\u59b3\u70ba\u4e86\u4e0d\u88ab\u8aaa\u662f\u62d8\u8b39\u800c\u5438\u542e\u4ed6\u5011\u76f4\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0b\u5df4\u75db\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8ce4\u5c31\u662f\u59b3\u70ba\u4e86\u8981\u4ed6\u5011\u665a\u4e0a\u7559\u5728\u5bb6\u800c\u6027\u4ea4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8ce4\u5c31\u662f\u59b3\u8981\u7684\u5c11\u65bc\u6109\u6085\u3001\u5b30\u5152\u6216\u4e00\u767e\u584a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8ce4\u5c31\u662f\u59b3\u70ba\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u800c\u505a\u611b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8ce4\u5c31\u662f\u59b3\u5b78\u6703\u8aaa\u4e0d\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6a23\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8ce4\u5c31\u662f\u59b3\u70ba\u4e86\u5f97\u5230\u8b9a\u8a31\u3001\u53cb\u8abc\u3001\u8207\u611b\u800c\u548c\u4eba\u6027\u4ea4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2500\u2500Scarlot Harlot, \u820a\u91d1\u5c71<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

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\u6839\u64da\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u4e00\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6deb\u5a92\u90fd\u907f\u514d\u7528\u5e74\u8f15\u5973\u5b69\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u9752\u5c11\u5973\u592a\u7b28\u53c8\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u60f3\u907f\u958b\u7236\u6bcd\u4ee5\u53ca\u548c\u5152\u7ae5\u6027\u8650\u5f85\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u63a7\u8a34[6]<\/a>\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ee5\u5993\u5973\u70ba\u6700\u521d\u8077\u696d\u7684\u9752\u5c11\u5973\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u627f\u53d7\u8457\u8650\u5f85\u7684\u60e1\u6027\u5faa\u74b0\uff1a(1)\u6709\u8650\u5f85\u50be\u5411\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5973\u5152\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u7236\u89aa\u52a0\u5bb3\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u4e82\u502b\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff1b(2)\u8e7a\u5bb6\u5230\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\uff1b(3)\u611b\u4e0a\u4e00\u4f4d\u627f\u8afe\u4fdd\u8b77\u5979\u7684\u7684\u7537\u4eba\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u4ed6\u537b\u8aaa\u670d\u6216\u5f37\u8feb\u5979\u70ba\u4ed6\u8ce3\u6deb\uff1b(4)\u53d7\u4ed6\u52f8\u8a98\u800c\u67d3\u4e0a\u6bd2\u766e\uff1b(5)\u88ab\u8b8a\u6210\u6deb\u5a92\u7684\u9019\u500b\u7537\u4eba\u6bc6\u6253\u6216\u6027\u8650\u5f85\uff1b(6)\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5e6b\u52a9\u6216\u6c92\u6709\u5916\u754c\u63f4\u52a9\u800c\u6301\u7e8c\u58ae\u843d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u5011\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u7d50\u8ad6\uff0c\u96db\u5993\u7684\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u6bd4\u8f03\u63a5\u8fd1\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u7a2e\u7684\u8e7a\u5bb6\u9752\u5c11\u5973\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e82\u6e90\u5247\u662f\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u8857\u982d[7]<\/a>\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5973\u5b69\u8e7a\u5bb6\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5c0b\u6c42\u5979\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u5bb6\u4e2d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u95dc\u61f7\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u60b2\u6158\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5979\u65b0\u627e\u5230\u7684\u611b\u8b77\u548c\u5979\u539f\u4f86\u5bb6\u4e2d\u7684\u611b\u8b77\u4e00\u6a23\u865b\u5e7b\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u6deb\u5a92\u6240\u5f9e\u4e8b\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u4e0b\u6d41\u52fe\u7576\uff0c\u6210\u5e74\u5993\u5973\u4e00\u81f4\u5f37\u70c8\u8b74\u8cac\u4ed6\u5011\u8650\u5f85\u5152\u7ae5\uff1b\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e82\u502b\u7684\u7236\u89aa\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u6deb\u5a92\u4fb5\u72af\u4e86\u5152\u7ae5\u6027\u548c\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u6210\u4eba\u7684\u652f\u63f4\u4f86\u6eff\u8db3\u5152\u7ae5\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u8207\u5152\u7ae5\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\uff0c\u985e\u4f3c\u8a50\u6b3a\u3001\u6b3a\u58d3\u3001\u5f37\u66b4\u548c\u66b4\u529b\u7b49\u7b49\u72af\u7f6a\u884c\u70ba\u5c24\u5176\u53ef\u6015\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5993\u5973\u5011\u53cd\u5c0d\u7247\u9762\u5730\u5c07\u6deb\u5a92\u55ae\u5411\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u60e1\u5f92\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u7a0d\u65e9\u8a0e\u8ad6\u904e\u7684\u7121\u6cd5\u907f\u514d\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e2d\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u5047\u8a2d\u5973\u4eba\u53d7\u5bb3\u3001\u5973\u4eba\u4f9d\u8cf4\u3001\u7537\u6027\u5168\u80fd\u3002\u5947\u602a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5993\u5973\u5011\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u5a3c\u5993\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u6216\u6deb\u5a92\u6709\u826f\u597d\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u6703\u5f37\u5316\u800c\u975e\u6e1b\u5c11\u793e\u6703\u7684\u4e0d\u6085\u3002\u6216\u8a31\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u9084\u4e0d\u592a\u80fd\u60f3\u50cf\u4e00\u500b\u5973\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u990a\u6d3b\u5979\u611b\u6200\u6216\u8005\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7537\u4eba\u3002\u66f4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8003\u616e\u5973\u4eba\u662f\u81ea\u9858\u9084\u662f\u4e0d\u9858\uff0c\u5c31\u628a\u6deb\u5a92\u6263\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6d41\u4e4b\u540d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5927\u5bb6\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u5728\u626e\u6f14\u7537\u6027\u89d2\u8272\u4e0a\u5931\u6557\u3002\u7537\u4eba\u8981\u662f\u5728\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u4e3b\uff0c\u90a3\u4ed6\u5011\u5c31\u88ab\u5047\u5b9a\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u8eab\u9ad4\u4e0a\u662f\u638c\u6b0a\u8005\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5973\u4eba\u5f88\u7368\u7acb\uff0c\u90a3\u5979\u5011\u5c31\u88ab\u5047\u5b9a\u70ba\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7537\u4eba\u4fdd\u8b77\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u61c9\u8a72\u88ab\u8650\u3002\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u5351\u8ce4\u548c\u5979\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u7262\u7262\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7d93\u6fdf\u548c\u6027\u7684\u7368\u7acb\uff1b\u7537\u4eba\u7684\u4e0b\u6d41\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6709\u5bc6\u5207\u95dc\u806f\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u6deb\u5a92\u90a3\u6a23\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6216\u5ad6\u5ba2\u90a3\u6a23\u7684\u6027\u4f9d\u8cf4\u3002\u8981\u6436\u6551\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u540d\u8b7d\u548c\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u5973\u4eba\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u7a31\u662f\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\ufe59\u9019\u4fbf\u53d6\u6d88\u4e86\u5979\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u6b0a\ufe5a\uff0c\u7537\u4eba\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u5c31\u662f\u5c55\u793a\u652f\u914d\u7684\u529b\u91cf\ufe59\u7528\u4f86\u62b5\u88dc\u4ed6\u5c0d\u5979\u7684\u4f9d\u8cf4\ufe5a\u3002\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7531\u5f35\u7389\u82ac\u8b6f\uff09<\/p>\n

\u5fc3\u7406\u5c64\u6b21\u4e0a\u7684\u5351\u8ce4\u548c\u4e0b\u6d41<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u96d6\u7136\u5fc3\u7406\u5206\u6790\u5e2b\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5351\u8ce4\u3001\u4e0b\u6d41\u9019\u4e9b\u8aaa\u6cd5\u800c\u6bd4\u8f03\u559c\u6b61\u4f7f\u7528\u5931\u8abf\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u5b98\u80fd\u75c7\u7b49\u540d\u8a5e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7576\u9019\u4e9b\u5ba3\u544a\u90fd\u628a\u5a3c\u5993\u4ee5\u53ca\u548c\u5979\u5011\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u4eba\u8996\u70ba\u6709\u554f\u984c\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u540c\u6642\u5f37\u5316\u4e86\u524d\u8ff0\u5b78\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4ee5\u53ca\u5927\u773e\u7684\u6210\u898b\u3002\u50b3\u7d71\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5c0d\u5993\u5973\u7684\u63cf\u7e6a\u662f\uff1a\u7ae5\u5e74\u5f88\u56f0\u82e6\u4e26\u66fe\u53d7\u5230\u8650\u5f85\uff0c\u6027\u51b7\u611f\uff0c\u618e\u6068\u7537\u4eba\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u96b1\u6027\u7684\u6216\u516c\u958b\u7684\u5973\u540c\u6027\u6200\u50be\u5411[11]<\/a>\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u7406\u8ad6\u5bb6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u60df\u6709\u90a3\u4e9b\u7121\u6cd5\u4eab\u53d7\u8207\u55ae\u4e00\u6027\u4f34\u4fb6\u6027\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5973\u4eba\uff0c\u624d\u6703\u89ba\u5f97\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6027\u4f34\u4fb6\uff1b\u4ed6\u9084\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5728\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u4e4b\u5f8c\u6536\u9322\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8cb6\u6291\u4e86\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5831\u5fa9\u90a3\u4e9b\u770b\u91cd\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u7537\u6027\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5979\u5011\u7684\u7236\u89aa[12]<\/a>\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u5b78\u8005\u4e5f\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u986f\u793a\u5993\u5973\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u52d5\u6a5f\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u9700\u8981\u8207\u8a31\u591a\u7537\u4eba\u6709\u6027\u63a5\u89f8\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8b49\u660e\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u529b[13]<\/a>\u3002\u7e3d\u4e4b\uff0c\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5973\u4eba\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u6027\u4f34\u4fb6\u6216\u662f\u5728\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u4e4b\u5f8c\u6536\u9322\uff0c\u90fd\u986f\u793a\u4e86\u5979\u5011\u6709\u7cbe\u795e\u5b98\u80fd\u75c7\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u6703\u5c07\u6027\u611b\u5206\u96e2\u3002\u50cf\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u3001\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u4e4b\u969b\u96a8\u8457\u91ab\u7642\u6a21\u5f0f\u8208\u8d77\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\uff08\u6216\u88dc\u8db3\u4e86\uff09\u4e4b\u524d\u5b97\u6559\u7406\u8ad6\u5c0d\u5993\u5973\u7684\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u6216\u7f6a\u60e1\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0[14]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c0d\u5993\u5973\u884c\u70ba\u52d5\u6a5f\u6bd4\u8f03\u6709\u793e\u6703\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u89e3\u8b80\u5247\u6703\u8457\u91cd\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5973\u6027\u8ca7\u7aae\u3001\u5931\u696d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\uff0f\u6216\u662f\u50cf\u5f37\u8feb\u3001\u66b4\u529b\u7b49\u7b49\u7236\u6b0a\u56e0\u7d20[15]<\/a>\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u5a3c\u5993\u5c31\u88ab\u63cf\u7e6a\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u8ca7\u7aae\u7684\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u300c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u754c\u300d\u7684\u3001\u88ab\u8650\u5f85\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u3002\u9019\u4e5f\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u5047\u8a2d\ufe30\u9664\u975e\u51fa\u65bc\u56f0\u9813\u3001\u53d7\u5230\u6b67\u8996\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\uff0f\u6216\u662f\u5c48\u65bc\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u662f\u4e0d\u6703\u505a\u9019\u7a2e\u4e8b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6211\u5011\u4ee5\u5a3c\u5993\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u72c0\u6cc1\u4f86\u6aa2\u9a57\u9019\u4e9b\u5831\u544a\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u4f86\u770b\u770b\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u4e0a\u5c0d\u65bc\u5ad6\u5ba2\u548c\u6deb\u5a92\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002\u524d\u9762\u8aaa\u5230\uff0c\u591a\u6027\u4f34\u4fb6\u4ee5\u53ca\u6027\u611b\u5206\u96e2\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u7537\u6027\u7684\u5178\u578b\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5973\u6027\u5982\u679c\u6709\u300c\u591a\u6027\u4f34\u4fb6\u300d\u6216\u8005\u300c\u6536\u9322\u300d\u5c31\u662f\u5351\u8ce4\u7684\uff1b\u7537\u6027\u5982\u679c\u9019\u6a23\u505a\uff0c\u5012\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u6703\u88ab\u65b7\u5b9a\u70ba\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5c64\u9762\u53ca\u793e\u6703\u5c64\u9762\u4e0a\u5351\u8ce4\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5ad6\u5ba2\u548c\u5993\u5973\u4e00\u6a23\u90fd\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u7cbe\u795e\u7570\u5e38\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u300c\u5206\u88c2\u4e86\u617e\u671b\u8207\u611b\u60c5\u2026\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u7537\u4eba\u611b\u4ed6\u5011\u6240\u4e0d\u617e\u671b\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u537b\u617e\u671b\u4ed6\u5011\u6240\u4e0d\u611b\u7684\u4eba\u300d[16]<\/a>\u3002\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5ad6\u5ba2\u5728\u6210\u9577\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u611b\u6155\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u548c\u4ed6\u9580\u4e0d\u7576\u6236\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7684\u5973\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u5973\u4eba\u5f8c\u4f86\u537b\u7a81\u7136\u7684\u62cb\u68c4\u4ed6\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5927\u53d7\u5275\u50b7\u2014\u2014\u9019\u5973\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7537\u5b69\u7ae5\u5e74\u6642\u7684\u5973\u4f63\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f8c\u4f86\u7a81\u7136\u88ab\u64a4\u63db[17]<\/a>\u3002\u5728\u4f5b\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5fb7\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u548c\u751f\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u90fd\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u59bb\u5b50\u6027\u51b7\u611f\u548c\u5148\u751f\u53bb\u5ad6\u5993\u90fd\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u666e\u904d\u7684[18]<\/a>\uff0c\u4f5b\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5fb7\u76f8\u4fe1\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u767c\u5c55\u4e0b\uff0c\u7537\u4eba\u6200\u611b\u7684\u53ca\u617e\u671b\u7684\u6703\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u627f\u8a8d\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u6975\u5c11\u6578\u7537\u4eba\u80fd\u628a\u67d4\u60c5\u548c\u6027\u617e\u5169\u80a1\u529b\u91cf\u5b8c\u5168\u5408\u4e00\uff1b\u7537\u4eba\u7e3d\u89ba\u5f97\u4ed6\u5c0d\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\u6703\u963b\u7919\u4ed6\u7684\u6027\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u5730\u4f4d\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u6027\u5c0d\u8c61\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u4ed6\u624d\u80fd\u767c\u63ee\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u529b\uff1b\u5176\u4e2d\u90e8\u4efd\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u7684\u6027\u76ee\u7684\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u8b8a\u614b\u7684\u6210\u4efd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u4e0d\u9858\u610f\u5f9e\u4ed6\u6240\u5c0a\u656c\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u5f97\u5230\u90a3\u7a2e\u6eff\u8db3[19]<\/a>\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

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\u7814\u7a76\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u4ee5\u672a\u6210\u5e74\u5a3c\u5993\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5728\u5bb6\u4e2d\u88ab\u7236\u6bcd\u5ffd\u7565\u548c\u6027\u8650\u5f85\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8f03\u4e00\u822c\u672a\u6210\u5e74\u8005\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e2d\u4f86\u5f97\u9ad8[23]<\/a>\uff1b\u5728\u6210\u5e74\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5993\u5973\u548c\u975e\u5993\u5973\u7684\u5dee\u5225\u6c92\u6709\u90a3\u9ebc\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u6210\u5e74\u5a3c\u5993\u66fe\u7d93\u88ab\u8650\u5f85\u7684\u6bd4\u7387\u4ecd\u7136\u8f03\u9ad8[24]<\/a>\u3002\u4f46\u9019\u4e9b\u6578\u64da\u7d55\u4e0d\u8868\u793a\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u822c\u5973\u4eba\u7ae5\u5e74\u88ab\u6027\u8650\u5f85\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e0d\u666e\u904d[25]<\/a>\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u6c92\u88ab\u8650\u5f85\u7684\u5993\u5973\u662f\u6975\u5c11\u6578\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u66fe\u88ab\u8650\u5f85\u7684\u5993\u5973\u5011\u89ba\u5f97\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u7684\u53d7\u8650\u7d93\u9a57\u548c\u65e5\u5f8c\u6210\u70ba\u5a3c\u5993\u4e4b\u9593\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u591a\u6a23\u7684\u95dc\u9023\ufe30\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u8981\u596a\u56de\u5979\u5011\u5c0d\u65bc\u6027\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u6b0a\uff1b\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u70ba\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u8a02\u4e0b\u689d\u4ef6\uff1b\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u5411\u7236\u89aa\u5831\u5fa9\uff1b\uff08\u56db\uff09\u5c07\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u8207\u89aa\u5bc6\u95dc\u4fc2\u5206\u958b\ufe54\uff08\u4e94\uff09\u5e74\u7d00\u8f15\u8f15\u5c31\u80fd\u9760\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u8cfa\u9322\uff1b\uff08\u516d\uff09\u7cdf\u8e4b\u81ea\u5df1\uff1b\uff08\u4e03\uff09\u4ee5\u884c\u52d5\u5be6\u8e10\u5225\u4eba\u52a0\u8af8\u5979\u5011\u8eab\u4e0a\u7684\u8ca0\u9762\u6a19\u7c64\u3002\u66fe\u6709\u4e82\u502b\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u5a3c\u5993\u8aaa\ufe30\u300c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u63a5\u5ba2\u6642\u6211\u624d\u611f\u89ba\u5230\u638c\u63a7\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6027\u3002\u300d\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u5a3c\u5993\u5370\u8b49\u4e86\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5979\u8aaa\ufe30\u300c\u6211\u89ba\u5f97\u6211\u662f\u5728\u5831\u5fa9\u7236\u89aa\u3002\u300d\u4e00\u4f4d\u5e74\u8f15\u7684\u5993\u5973\u8aaa\ufe30\u300c\u8ce3\u6deb\u662f\u6211\u9003\u5bb6\u4e4b\u5f8c\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u8b00\u751f\u4e4b\u9053\u3002\u300d\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u5993\u5973\u8aaa\ufe30\u300c\u4ee5\u6211\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5df2\u7d93\u4e00\u7121\u6240\u5931\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5165\u884c\u5c31\u81ea\u7136\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u4e86\u3002\u300d\u5c0d\u8a31\u591a\u65e9\u671f\u66fe\u53d7\u8650\u7684\u5a3c\u5993\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u8ce3\u6deb\u7d50\u5408\u4e86\u7d93\u6fdf\u9700\u8981\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u53cd\u6297\u6216\u88dc\u511f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u9700\u6c42\u4e26\u975e\u53ea\u662f\u5993\u5973\u624d\u6709\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u975e\u5a3c\u5993\u5973\u4eba\u73fe\u5728\u4e5f\u958b\u59cb\u70ba\u7ae5\u5e74\u6240\u53d7\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\u5411\u7236\u89aa\u63d0\u8d77\u544a\u8a34[26]<\/a>\u3002\u6216\u8a31\u5a3c\u5993\u5011\u662f\u8c61\u5fb5\u6027\u5730\u5f9e\u5176\u4ed6\u7537\u4eba\u90a3\u88e1\u5f04\u5230\u7236\u89aa\u7684\u9322\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u4e4b\u4e2d\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u8ce3\u6deb\u662f\u5351\u8ce4\u7684\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u6bc0\u6ec5\u7684\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u5247\u5c07\u4e4b\u8996\u70ba\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u6109\u6085\u3001\u6216\u662f\u53cd\u6297\u5f0f\u7684\u6eff\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5c31\u50cf\u8aaa\u5a3c\u5993\u5927\u591a\u6578\u6027\u51b7\u611f\u662f\u7121\u7a3d\u4e4b\u8ac7\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u8aaa\u5a3c\u5993\u4e2d\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u662f\u5973\u540c\u6027\u6200\u4e5f\u662f\u500b\u6c92\u8b49\u64da\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff08\u9019\u5169\u500b\u8aaa\u6cd5\u5012\u5f88\u76f8\u4f3c\uff09[28]<\/a>\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u6709\u6642\u6703\u8a1d\u7570\u7684\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u975e\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u5a3c\u5993\u7684\u540c\u6027\u6200\u6050\u61fc\u4e26\u4e0d\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u50b3\u7d71\u5a66\u5973\u4f86\u5f97\u8f15\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u5a3c\u5993\u66fe\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u6642\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5973\u4eba\u6709\u904e\u6027\u7d93\u9a57\uff08\u5728\u4e0d\u7b97\u7537\u4eba\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7a31\u6b64\u70ba\u300c\u5169\u4eba\u5f0f\u300d(doubles)\uff0c\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u5c31\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u4e09\u4eba\u5f0f\u300d(triples)\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5979\u5011\u5f88\u5c11\u6703\u5c07\u6b64\u8996\u70ba\u5973\u540c\u6027\u6200\u3002\u5a3c\u5993\u4e4b\u4e2d\u7576\u7136\u4e5f\u6709\u5973\u540c\u5fd7[29]<\/a>\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5979\u5011\u8981\u6bd4\u7570\u6027\u6200\u5a3c\u5993\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5c07\u5de5\u4f5c\u8207\u79c1\u4eba\u611f\u60c5\u751f\u6d3b\u5206\u958b\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u4e0a\u7684\u5351\u8ce4\u548c\u4e0b\u6d41<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u7d50\u8ad6<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u822c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5a3c\u5993\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\uff0c\u626d\u66f2\u4e86\u5993\u5973\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5426\u8a8d\u4e86\u5993\u5973\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u6b0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u8cb6\u6291\u4e86\u548c\u5993\u5973\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\u3002\u53cd\u5a3c\u5993\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8207\u614b\u5ea6\u596a\u53bb\u4e86\u5993\u5973\u7684\u5c0a\u56b4\u3001\u793e\u6703\u53c3\u8207\u6b0a\uff0c\u800c\u540c\u6642\u537b\u5bb9\u8a31\u5ad6\u5ba2\u7684\u507d\u5584\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a8d\u5b9a\u6deb\u5a92\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u76f8\u5411\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ee5\u5a3c\u5993\u70ba\u696d\u7684\u6210\u5e74\u5973\u6027\u6c92\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u8868\u9054\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u610f\u898b\uff0c\u4e5f\u7121\u6cd5\u6c7a\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff08\u628a\u5979\u5011\u770b\u6210\u8ff7\u8def\u7684\u5c0f\u5b69\u5b50\uff09\uff1b\u8a8d\u70ba\u5ad6\u5ba2\u5011\u6c92\u6709\u52c7\u6c23\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5920\u81ea\u91cd\u4f86\u516c\u958b\u652f\u6301\u5993\u5973\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\uff1b\u8a8d\u70ba\u9760\u8ce3\u6deb\u6536\u5165\u7dad\u751f\u7684\u7537\u4eba\u90fd\u6c92\u4eba\u6027\uff0c\u7121\u529b\u6309\u7167\u96d9\u65b9\u540c\u610f\u7684\u5951\u7d04\u4f86\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u82e5\u5c07\u5993\u5973\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u300c\u70ba\u4e86\u9322\u800c\u4e0d\u9867\u5c0a\u56b4\uff0c\u51fa\u8ce3\u8eab\u9ad4\u4ee5\u6eff\u8db3\u7537\u6027\u5728\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u6216\u8ca1\u7269\u65b9\u9762\u4e0b\u6d41\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u53ea\u6703\u547c\u53ec\u51fa\u5973\u6027\u66f4\u52a0\u9000\u7e2e\u7684\u8868\u73fe\uff0c\u4e5f\u547c\u53ec\u51fa\u7537\u6027\u7684\u6b98\u66b4\u7121\u60c5\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u985e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7121\u6cd5\u5340\u5206\u300c\u5993\u5973\u4f5c\u70ba\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u300d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u300c\u5993\u5973\u4f5c\u8207\u70ba\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u4e0b\u6d41\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u505a\u5351\u8ce4\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u72af\u4eba\u300d\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\uff0c\u5c07\u5993\u5973\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u300c\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u300d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u547c\u53ec\u6709\u81ea\u5c0a\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u548c\u53ef\u656c\u7684\u7537\u4eba\u5728\u6027\u4ea4\u6613\u7684\u5834\u57df\u4e2d\u6d6e\u73fe\u3002\u81ea\u5c0a\u53ca\u53ef\u656c\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u6703\u6301\u7e8c\u666e\u53ca\u5230\u6211\u5011\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u53ca\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u5011\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e26\u975e\u53bb\u9664\u9019\u4e9b\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u5011\u8207\u4eba\u6b0a\u76f8\u9023\u3002\u5728\u9019\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u793e\u6703\u3001\u53ca\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u4e0a\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\u5011\u90fd\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u900f\u904e\u7a4d\u6975\u6d88\u9664\u548c\u8ce3\u6deb\u76f8\u9023\u7684\u6c61\u540d\uff0c\u4f86\u652f\u63f4\u800c\u975e\u7834\u58de\u9019\u7a2e\u52aa\u529b\uff1b\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7684\u6fc0\u9032\u4eba\u58eb\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u628a\u5993\u5973\u610f\u8b58\u548c\u5993\u5973\u904b\u52d5\u71b1\u60c5\u6574\u5408\u5230\u5404\u7a2e\u722d\u53d6\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u5feb\u5993\u6b0a\u7684\u8173\u6b65\u3002\uff08\u91d1\u5b9c\u84c1\u8b6f\uff09<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u9644\u8a3b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u539f\u66f8\u6709\u8377\u8a9e\u53ca\u82f1\u8a9e\u5169\u7a2e\u7248\u672c(The Hague: Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment, DCE, 1986)\uff0c\u800c\u5f8c\u6709\u5fb7\u8a9e\u7248(Hamburg: Galgenberg, 1990)\uff1b\u672c\u6587\u51fa\u81ea\u539f\u66f8\u7684\u524d\u534a\u90e8\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u9019\u4e00\u7ae0\u5728\u539f\u66f8\u4e2d\u6a19\u984c\u70ba\u300c\u5a3c\u5993\u5c31\u662f\u5993\u5973\u300d\uff0c\u5b83\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u5728\u6574\u500b\u8ce3\u6deb\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u6709\u95dc\u5993\u5973\u6c61\u540d\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1b\u5728\u6a19\u984c\u70ba\u300c\u5a3c\u5993\u4e0d\u8c9e\u7bc0\u300d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u5993\u5973\u7684\u6c61\u540d\u554f\u984c\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u662f\u58d3\u8feb\u5973\u6027\u7684\u6574\u500b\u6a5f\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

*<\/a> \u539f\u66f8\u6709\u8377\u8a9e\u53ca\u82f1\u8a9e\u5169\u7a2e\u7248\u672c\uff08The Hague: Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment, DCE, 1986\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u5f8c\u6709\u5fb7\u8a9e\u7248\uff08Hamburg: Galgenberg, 1990\uff09\uff1b\u672c\u6587\u51fa\u81ea\u539f\u66f8\u7684\u524d\u534a\u90e8\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u9019\u4e00\u7ae0\u5728\u539f\u66f8\u4e2d\u6a19\u984c\u70ba\u300c\u5a3c\u5993\u5c31\u662f\u5993\u5973\u300d\uff0c\u5b83\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u5728\u6574\u500b\u8ce3\u6deb\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u6709\u95dc\u5993\u5973\u6c61\u540d\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1b\u5728\u6a19\u984c\u70ba\u300c\u5a3c\u5993\u4e0d\u8c9e\u7bc0\u300d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u5993\u5973\u7684\u6c61\u540d\u554f\u984c\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u662f\u58d3\u8feb\u5973\u6027\u7684\u6574\u500b\u6a5f\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> \u670d\u52d9\u7537\u6027\u5ad6\u5ba2\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u7537\u5993\u4e26\u4e0d\u5728\u9019\u7bc7\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u4e4b\u5167\uff1b\u540c\u6a23\u7684\uff0c\u76f8\u5c0d\u4f86\u8b1b\u6578\u91cf\u6975\u5c11\u7684\u5973\u5ad6\u5ba2\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5217\u5165\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> \u9664\u4e86\u6709\u7279\u5225\u6a19\u660e\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8cc7\u6599\u53ca\u5f15\u8ff0\u90fd\u662f\u4f86\u81ea\u8207\u6b50\u6d32\u3001\u5317\u7f8e\u5171\u7d04\u5169\u767e\u4f4d\u5993\u5973\u548c\u524d\u5993\u5973\u7684\u8a2a\u8ac7\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u8cc7\u8a0a\u4f86\u81ea\u8377\u862d\u53ca\u7f8e\u570b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u520a\u51fa\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4ecd\u7e7c\u7e8c\u8a2a\u554f\u62c9\u4e01\u7f8e\u6d32\u3001\u4e9e\u6d32\u3001\u975e\u6d32\u7684\u5a3c\u5993\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5728\u7d93\u6fdf\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5dee\u5225\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5993\u5973\u7684\u6c61\u540d\u537b\u662f\u5168\u7403\u6027\u7684\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5728\u99ac\u5c3c\u62c9\u53ec\u958b\u7684\u4e9e\u6d32\u5993\u5973\u6703\u8b70\u4e2d\uff0c\u5993\u5973\u5011\u628a\u6c61\u540d\u5217\u70ba\u5979\u5011\u6700\u5927\u7684\u554f\u984c\ufe30\u300c\u6211\u5011\u8207\u5168\u7403\u59ca\u59b9\u5011\u90fd\u540c\u6a23\u9762\u81e8\u8457\u8ca7\u7aae\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u88ab\u6c61\u540d\u537b\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u5011\u9023\u672c\u5730\u7684\u652f\u63f4\u90fd\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> \u300c\u9a19\u5b50\u300d(trick)\u9019\u500b\u8a5e\u662f\u7f8e\u570b\u5a3c\u5993\u7528\u4f86\u7a31\u547c\u9867\u5ba2\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9867\u5ba2\u5f80\u5f80\u60f3\u8981\u9a19\u5993\u5973\u9032\u884c\u514d\u8cbb\u6216\u5ec9\u50f9\u7684\u6027\u4ea4\u6613\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5993\u6b0a\u7d44\u7e54COYOTE\u5275\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u96d9\u95dc\u8a9e\uff1a\u300c\u9a19\u5b50\u4e0d\u6703\u88ab\u6293\u300d\uff08\u300c\u8ce3\u6deb\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u8981\u88ab\u6293\u5230\u300d\uff09\uff08\u300cthe trick is not getting caught\u300d\u4f86\u986f\u793a\u9867\u5ba2\u800d\u82b1\u6a23\u4e0d\u6703\u88ab\u7f70\uff0c\u5993\u5973\u537b\u4e00\u76f4\u5f97\u60f3\u8fa6\u6cd5\u514d\u5f97\u88ab\u902e\u6355\u3001\u88ab\u61f2\u7f70\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> \u4ee5\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5728\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u51fa\u5916\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\u662f\u4f9d\u8cf4\u4e08\u592b\u88ab\u7570\u5316\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u4e4b\u6536\u5165\u4f86\u7dad\u751f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b97\u662f\u6deb\u5a92\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Erving Goffman, Stigman: <\/em>Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity<\/em> (Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Pretince-Hall, 1963).<\/span><\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Jennifer James, \u201cProstitutes and Prostitution,\u201d In <\/em>Deviants: Voluntary<\/em> Actors in a Hostile World<\/em>, ed. Edward Sagarian and Fred Montanino (New York: General Learning, 1977), 419.<\/span><\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Gitta Sereny, The Invisible Children: Child Prostitution in America,<\/em> Germany, and Britain <\/em>(London: Deutsch, 1984); Mimi Silbert and Ayala Pines, \u201cSexual Child Abuse as an Antecedent to Prostitution,\u201d Child Abuse and Neglect<\/em> 5 (1981), 407-11; Mimi Silbert and Ayala Pines, \u201cVictimization of Street Prostitutes,\u201d Victimology<\/em> 7 (1982): 122-33.<\/span><\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> \u53cd\u5c0d\u6027\u5de5\u696d\u4e2d\u5c0d\u5152\u7ae5\u7684\u8650\u5f85\u662f\u6b63\u7576\u7684\u3002\u6b64\u985e\u8650\u5f85\u5f88\u591a\u90fd\u662f\u767c\u751f\u5728\u8857\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u8a18\u5f97\uff0c\u963b\u8857\u5973\u90ce\u5728\u8377\u862d\u6574\u500b\u6027\u5de5\u696d\u4e2d\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e0d\u5230\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e94\uff08\u5728\u745e\u5178\u66f4\u4f4e\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u662f\u4e0d\u5230\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u5341\u4e94\uff1b\u5728\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u3001\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u7b49\u570b\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c31\u9ad8\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u8868\u793a\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u96db\u5993\u5c31\u6bd4\u8f03\u591a\u3002\u8aaa\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5a3c\u5993\u90fd\u662f\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u8a8d\u70ba\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5a3c\u5993\u90fd\u662f\u88ab\u8feb\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u8aaa\u6cd5\u90fd\u626d\u66f2\u4e86\u4e8b\u5be6\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u5426\u5b9a\u4e86\u5973\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u5e74\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eab\u6709\u81ea\u6c7a\u6b0a\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u8ca7\u7aae\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u771f\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5a3c\u5993\u5728\u6210\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u90fd\u88ab\u300c\u547d\u5b9a\u300d\u9032\u5165\u8ce3\u6deb\u751f\u6daf\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u91cd\u9ede\u662f\u8b74\u8cac\u8650\u5f85\u548c\u903c\u8feb\u7b49\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u8981\u8b74\u8cac\u3001\u5ffd\u8996\u3001\u6216\u626d\u66f2\u4e86\u6210\u5e74\u5973\u6027\u81ea\u9858\u5f9e\u5a3c\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[9]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Kathleen Barry, Female Sexual Slavery<\/em> (Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall, 1979); Kathleen Barry, Charlotte Bunch, and Shirley Castley, International Feminism: Networking against Female Sexual Slavery<\/em> (New York: International Women\u2019s Tribune Centre, 1984) and H. W. J. Buijs and A. M. Verbraken, Vrouwenhandel: Onderzoek naar aard, gobale omvang en de kanalen waarlangs vrouwenhandel naar Nederland plaatsvindt<\/em> (The Hague: Ministerie van Sociale Zaken en Werkgelegenheden, 1985).<\/span><\/p>\n

[10]<\/a> \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c1985\u5e744\u6708\u50b3\u805e\u8056\u99ac\u4e01\u6709\u516d\u500b\u5973\u4eba\u5728\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u8ce3\u4e2d\u88ab\u8b00\u6bba\uff0c\u8377\u862d\u7684\u5a3c\u5993\u53ca\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5718\u9ad4\u65bc\u662f\u806f\u540d\u767c\u96fb\u5831\u8981\u6c42\u8377\u862d\u653f\u5e9c\u9032\u884c\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u8abf\u67e5\u986f\u793a\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u6b64\u6848\uff0c\u4f46\u662f1985\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u570b\u969b\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7d44\u7e54\u53cd\u5c0d\u5973\u6027\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u8ce3\u7684\u8072\u52e2\u66f4\u52a0\u58ef\u5927\u3002\u53ef\u60dc\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7db2\u7d61\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u5340\u5206\u662f\u88ab\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u8ce3\u6216\u662f\u81ea\u9858\u9077\u5f99\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5340\u5206\u662f\u88ab\u8feb\u5f9e\u5a3c\u6216\u662f\u81ea\u9858\u5f9e\u5a3c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[11]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Maryse Choisy, Psychoanalysis of the Prostitute<\/em> (New York: Philosophical Library, 1961); A. Maerov, \u201cProstitution: A Survey of 290 Cases,\u201d Psychiatric Quarterly<\/em> 39 (1965), 675-701; Edward Glover, \u201cThe Psychopathology of Prostitution,\u201d in Roots of Crime<\/em> (New York: International Universities Press, 1960), 244-67; Frank Caprio and Donald Brenner, S<\/em>exual Behavior: Psycho Legal Aspects<\/em> (New York: Citadel, 1961), 249-52; Glover, \u201cThe Pschyopathology of Prostitution\u201d; P.L. Gotoin, \u201cThe Potential Prostitute,\u201d Journal of Criminal<\/em> Psychopathology<\/em> 3 (1943), 359-67; M. H. Hollander, \u201cProstitution, the Body and Human Relatedness,\u201d International Journal of Psychoanalysis<\/em> 42 (1961), 404-13; Harold Greenwald, The<\/em> Elegant Prostitute<\/em> (New York: Ballantine, 1970); Jennifer James, \u201cMotivation for Entrance into Prostitution,\u201d in The Female Offender: A Comprehensive Anthology<\/em>, ed. L. Crites (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1975); T. Kemp, Prostitution<\/em> (Copenhagen: Levin and Menskgaard, 1936); J. Lampl de Groot, \u201cThe Evolution of the Oedipus Complex in Women,\u201d International Journal of Psychoanalysis<\/em> 9 (1928), 322; and F. Wengraf, \u201cFragment of an Analysis of a Prostitute,\u201d Journal of Criminal<\/em> Pscyhopathology<\/em> 5 (1943),\u201d 247-53.<\/span><\/p>\n

[12]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Karl Abraham, \u201cManifestations of the Female Castration Complex,\u201d in Selected Papers<\/em> (London: Hogarth, 1942), 361.<\/span><\/p>\n

[13]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Greenwald, The Elegant Prostitute<\/em> (New York: Ballantine, 1970); and Charles Winick and Paul Kinsie, The Lively Commerce: Prostitution in the United States<\/em> (New York: New American Library, 1971).<\/span><\/p>\n

[14]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Vern Bullough, \u201cProstitution, Psychiatry, and History,\u201d in The Frontiers of Sex Research<\/em>, ed. Vern Bullough (New York: Prometheus, 1979); and Jeffrey Weeks, Sex, Politics and Society: The Regulation of Sexuality since 1800<\/em> (London: Longman, 1981).<\/span><\/p>\n

[15]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Mariu Vulto, Een kwestie van overleven: Over prostitutie, sextourisme, en feminisme<\/em> (Amsterdam: De Graaf Stichting, 1983); also n. 9.<\/span><\/p>\n

[16]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Choisy, Psychoanalysis of the Prostitute<\/em>, 54.<\/span><\/p>\n

[17]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1\u540c\u4e0a60-61.\u53e6\u5916Lillian Smith\u6240\u8457\u7684Killers of the Dream<\/em> (New York: Norton, 1949)\u4e2d\u5c0d\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\u5357\u65b9\u7537\u5b69\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u52d5\u529b\u904b\u4f5c\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[18]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Choisy, Psychoanalysis of the Prostitute, 55.<\/span><\/p>\n

[19]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Sigmund Freud, \u201cThe Most Prevalent Form of Degradation in Erotic Life,\u201d In Collected Papers<\/em>, vol. 4 (1212), 210.<\/span><\/p>\n

[20]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Choisy, Psychoanalysis of the Prostitute<\/em>, 61, 30.<\/span><\/p>\n

[21]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1\u540c\u4e0a50, 46, 63.<\/span><\/p>\n

[22]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Barry, Female Sexual Slavery<\/em>; Cicely Hamilton, Marriage as a Trade<\/em> (1909; reprint, London: Women\u2019s Press, 1981); and Kate Millet, The Prostitution Papers<\/em> (New York: Avon, 1971).<\/span><\/p>\n

[23]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1N. Davis, \u201cThe Prostitute: Developing a Deviant Identity,\u201d in Studies in the Sociology of Sex<\/em>, ed. J. Henslin (new York: Appleton-Century Crofts, 1971), 297-322; D. Gray, \u201cTurning-Out: A Study of Teenage Prostitution,\u201d Urban Life and Culture<\/em> (1973), 401-25; and N. Jackson, R. O\u2019Toole and G. Geis, \u201cThe Self-Image of the Prostitute,\u201d in Sexual Deviance<\/em>, ed. J. H. Gagnon and W. Simon (New York: Harper and Row, 1967), 133-46.<\/span><\/p>\n

[24]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Debra Boyer and Jennifer James, \u201cProstitutes as Victims,\u201d in Deviants: Victims or Victimizers<\/em>? Ed. Donal Mac Namara and Andrew Karmen (London: Sage, 19893), 109-46; Jennifer James, \u201cEarly Sexual Experience and Prostitution,\u201d American Journal of Psychiatry <\/em>134 (1977), 1381-83;<\/span><\/p>\n

[25]<\/a> \u898bNel Drayer, \u201cDe omvang van seksueel misbruik van kinderen in het gezin,\u201d MGV<\/em> (1985), p. 587-608. \u6709\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u5341\u4e94\u5230\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u516d\u5341\u4e94\u7684\u5973\u6027\u5728\u5341\u516b\u6b72\u4ee5\u524d\u66fe\u906d\u53d7\u904e\u67d0\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6027\u8650\u5f85\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e0a\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u5c0d\u6027\u8650\u5f85\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e0d\u540c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6027\u8650\u5f85\u662f\u767c\u751f\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead\u5167\u9084\u662f\u5bb6\u5ead\u5916\u3002\u53c3\u95b1\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4f5c\u8005\u53caDiana Russell\u8fd1\u671f\u767c\u8868\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[26]<\/a> \u9019\u662f\u7d93\u7531\u8207\u81e8\u5e8a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u897f\u96c5\u5716\u7684Laura Brown\u535a\u58eb\u53ca\u4e39\u4f5b\u7684 Lenore Walker\u535a\u58eb\u500b\u4eba\u63a5\u89f8\u5f97\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u66fe\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u5168\u570b\u5404\u5730\u7684\u6cd5\u5ead\u4e2d\u70ba\u6b64\u985e\u5973\u6027\u8faf\u8b77\uff0c\u8377\u862d\u7684\u5831\u7d19\u4e5f\u767b\u904e\u5e7e\u500b\u6848\u5b50\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[27]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1W. Pomeroy, \u201cSome Aspects of Prostitution,\u201d Journal of Sex Research<\/em> (1965), p.177-187.\u00a0 \u53e6\u5916\u95dc\u65bc\u5993\u5973\u8207\u975e\u5993\u5973\u4e4b\u9593\u6027\u6eff\u8db3\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c3\u8003Gail Pheterson\u6240\u8457\u4e4b \u201cThe Category \u2018Prostitute\u2019 in Scientific Inquiry,\u201d Journal of Sex Research <\/em>27, no. 3 (1990), p. 397-407.<\/span><\/p>\n

[28]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Jennifer James, \u201cThe Prostitute as Victim,\u201d in The Victimization of Women<\/em>, ed. J. Roberts Champman and M. Gates (London: Sage, 1978), p. 175-201.<\/span><\/p>\n

[29]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Marjan Sax, \u201cWie gaat er mee een nummertje maken?\u201d Diva<\/em> (March 1985), p. 6-11, 14.<\/span><\/p>\n

[30]<\/a> \u6839\u64da\u7d71\u8a08\uff0c\u7d04\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u5341\u7684\u7537\u4eba\u66fe\u7d93\u5ad6\u5993\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u6839\u64daA. W. Kinsey\u7b49\u4eba\u5728Sexual Behavior in the Human Female<\/em> (Philadelphia: Saunders, 1953)\u4e00\u66f8\u7576\u4e2d\u6240\u8a18\u8f09\u7684\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u7537\u4eba\u5728\u4e00\u751f\u4e2d\u81f3\u5c11\u66fe\u5ad6\u904e\u4e00\u6b21\u5993\u3002\u5728\u963f\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u4e39\u7684Wallen\u7d05\u71c8\u5340\u88e1\uff0c\u6bcf\u665a\u7d04\u6709\u4e00\u842c\u5169\u5343\u500b\u7537\u4eba\u5ad6\u5993\uff0c\u9019\u662fDe Graaf Stichting\u2019s Prostitution Documentation Center\u57281985\u5e74\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[31]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Diana E. H. Russell, Rape in Marriage<\/em> (New York: Macmillan, 1982); Renee Romkens, Gewoon Geweld<\/em>? (Amsterdam: Swets and Zietlinger, 1992); Boyer and James, \u201cProstitutes as Victims,\u201d p. 188-90.<\/span><\/p>\n

[32]<\/a> \u9019\u6bb5\u5f15\u8a00\u662f\u5f9e\u96fb\u8996\u4e0a\u807d\u4f86\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u51fa\u81ea\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u5993\u5973\u6bba\u4eba\u72af\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u51fa\u81ea\u8377\u862d\u96fb\u8996\u5f71\u7247\u4e2d\u865b\u69cb\u7684\u6bba\u4eba\u72af\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[33]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Boyer and James, \u201cProstitutes as Victims,\u201d p. 188-89.<\/span><\/p>\n

[34]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1\u540c\u4e0a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[35]<\/a> \u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u6703\u7279\u5225\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b78\u8853\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f50\u8b49\u3002\u53c3\u95b1Judith Walkowitz, Prostitution and Victorian Society: Women, Class, and the State<\/em> (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1980); Ruth Rosen and Sue Davidson, eds., The Mainie Papers<\/em> (Cambridge, Mass,: Radcliffe College, 1977); Ruth Rosen, The<\/em> Lost Sisterhood<\/em> (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982). \u5728\u904b\u52d5\u6d3b\u8e8d\u4efd\u5b50\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u652f\u63f4\u7279\u5225\u4f86\u81ea\u300c\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u5bb6\u5a66\u5973\u7d44\u7e54\u300d\u7684Priscilla Alexander\u3001\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u300c\u6c92\u6709\u58de\u5973\u4eba\uff0f\u53ea\u6709\u58de\u6cd5\u5f8b\u300d\u7d44\u7e54\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u8377\u862d\u7684\u300c\u7c89\u7d05\u7d72\u7dda\u300d\u3001\u745e\u58eb\u7684\u300cL\u2019Association Aspasie\u3002\u300d\u65e9\u671f\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u652f\u63f4\u4f86\u81eaMillet\u7684The Prostitution Papers<\/em>\u3002\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u53ca\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u653f\u6cbb\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u652f\u6301\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u7f8e\u570b\u7684Victoria Woodhull, Crystal Eastman, \u53caEmma Goldman\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e3b\u5c0e\u7684\u8072\u97f3\u4ecd\u662f\u5ee2\u5a3c\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[36]<\/a> \u53c3\u95b1Walkowitz, Prostitution and Victorian Society<\/em>, \u4ee5\u53ca Rosen, The Lost Sisterhood<\/em>\u548cWeeks, Sex, Politcs, and Society<\/em>. \u6709\u95dc\u65bc\u5ee2\u5a3c\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8acb\u53c3\u95b1Aletta Jacobs\u6240\u8457\u4e4bAletta Jacobs, \u201cHet prostitutie vraagstuk,\u201d in Herrineringen (1924; reprint, Nijmegen: Socialistische Uitgeverij, 1978).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8f49\u8f09\u672c\u6587\u8acb\u4fdd\u7559\u7db2\u9801\u8a3b\u8a18<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\uff08\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u662fGail Pheterson\u7684\u201cTh<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[83],"tags":[286,48,242],"class_list":["post-4403","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-83","tag-286","tag-48","tag-242"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4403","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4403"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4403\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4424,"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4403\/revisions\/4424"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4403"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4403"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/jo_article\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4403"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}