{"id":1004,"date":"1987-12-01T21:20:27","date_gmt":"1987-12-01T13:20:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/karl_article\/?p=1004"},"modified":"2021-06-27T21:23:24","modified_gmt":"2021-06-27T13:23:24","slug":"%e4%b8%80%e5%80%8b%e5%93%b2%e5%ad%b8%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%aa%e4%be%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sex.ncu.edu.tw\/karl_article\/1987\/12\/%e4%b8%80%e5%80%8b%e5%93%b2%e5%ad%b8%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%aa%e4%be%86\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e00\u500b\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u672a\u4f86"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u8da8\u52e2\u662f\u8981\u8b8a\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u6c92\u6709\u5171\u901a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8b70\u984c\u8207\u4e3b\u5f35\u7684\u300c\u54f2\u5b78\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u6b63\u986f\u793a\u4e86\u5b83\u5728\u82f1\u7f8e\u793e\u6703\u7684\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u662f\u7121\u6cd5\u5f9e\u54f2\u5b78\u50b3\u7d71\u3001\u5b78\u6d3e\u50b3\u627f\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u7232\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u5c07\u6210\u7232\u4e00\u500b\u6c92\u6709\u53ef\u4f9b\u8fa8\u8a8d\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u7279\u5fb5\u3002\u9019\u500b\u793e\u6703\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f9e\u793e\u6703\u5206\u6790\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u5373\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u6240\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u529f\u80fd\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\u2500\u2500\u800c\u99ac\u5eab\u585e\u4e0d\u65e9\u5728\u300a\u55ae\u9762\u4eba\u300b\u4e2d\u5c31\u8aaa\u904e\u4e86\u55ce\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u6df8\u6670\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u5c0a\u91cd\u77e5\u8b58<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3008\u8449\u6587\u3009\u8aaa\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\uf978\u5927\u652f\u67f1\uff0c\u662f\u5f3a\u8abf\u6df8\u6670\u601d\u8003\u8207\u5c0a\u91cd\u77e5\u8b58\u3002\u5206\u6790\u5b78\u8005\u5e38\u5e38\u81ea\u8a61\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u300c\u6df8\u6670\u300d\uff08\u5982G.A.Cohen\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u7232\u9019\u662f\u7368\u5bb6\u79d8\u50b3\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u5be6\u6709\u5931\u516c\u5141\u3002\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u89ba\u5f97\u67d0\u4e9b\u6b50\uf9d3\u54f2\u5b78\u4e0d\u300c\u6df8\u6670\u300d\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u80cc\u666f\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u5c0d\u5404\uf9ca\u6d3e\u7684\u5404\u500b\u601d\u60f3\u50b3\u7d71\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u4e4b\u6545\u3002\u7576\u4f60\u770b\u4e0d\u61c2\u53e6\u4e00\u5b78\u6d3e\u7684\u66f8\uff0c\u5c31\u7c60\u7d71\u7684\u8aaa\u5225\u4eba\u4e0d\u300c\u6df8\u6670\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5148\u6aa2\u8a0e\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u5426\u7121\u77e5\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u6709\u5931\u516c\u5141\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u500b\u6b50\uf9d3\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e0d\u61c2\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u4e0d\u6df8\u695a\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u65bc\u770b\u4e0d\u61c2\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ed6\u80fd\u56e0\u6b64\u8aaa\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u300c\u4e0d\u6df8\u6670\u300d\u55ce\uff1f[1]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u81f3\u65bc\u300c\u5c0a\u91cd\u77e5\u8b58\u300d\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u5728\u524d\u9762\u8b1b\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u89c0\u9ede\u4e2d\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u8aaa\u5230\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u5c0d\u5efa\u5236\u5316\u4e86\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6279\u5224\u53cd\u7701\uff0c\u4ee5\u5be6\u8b49\u79d1\u5b78\u7232\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u7232\u79d1\u5b78\u5c31\u662f\u771e\u7406\u6216\u81f3\u5c11\u903c\u8fd1\u771e\u7406\uff0c\u4e0d\u8a8d\u7232\u5728\u97f3\u6a02\u4e2d\u3001\u85dd\u8853\u4e2d\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u77e5\u8b58\u6216\u771e\u7406\uff08\u5982\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u8207N. Goodman\uff09\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u5230\u5e95\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u5be6\u8b49\u79d1\u5b78\uff1f\u5be6\u8b49\u79d1\u5b78\u5c31\u662f\u4eca\u65e5\u88ab\u5efa\u5236\u5316\u4e86\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u79d1\u5b78\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u975e\u5be6\u8b49\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u5178\u7bc4\u5247\u662f\u5fc3\u7406\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4ee5\u5be6\u8b49\u79d1\u5b78\u7232\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u4eba\u5c31\u6703\u4ee5\u7232\u5fc3\u7406\u5206\u6790\u662f\u300c\u507d\u79d1\u5b78\u300d\uff08\u5982\u6ce2\u67cf\u3001\u7dad\u6839\u4ec0\u5766\u3001Nagel\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u90fd\u53ef\u7232\uf9b5\u5b50\uff09\u3002[2]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u300c\u5c0a\u91cd\u77e5\u8b58\u300d\u4e4b\u73fe\u5be6\u860a\u6db5\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u80af\u5b9a\u5efa\u5236\u5316\u4e86\u7684\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u4e4b\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e8c\u65b9\u9762\u4e3b\u5f35\u793e\u6703\u61c9\u7531\u6280\u8853\u7cbe\u82f1\u4f86\u6cbb\uf9e4\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u5c08\u5bb6\u6cbb\u570b\u300d\u662f\u4e5f\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u65e9\u5c31\u88ab\u99ac\u5eab\u585e\u8207\u54c8\u4f2f\u746a\u65af\u7b49\u4eba\u63ed\u9732\u8207\u6279\u5224\u904e\u3002\u8457\u540d\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6MacIntyre\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8fd1\u5e74\u529b\u4f5c\u300aAfter Virtue<\/em>\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\uf901\u4e0d\u907a\u9918\u529b\u5730\u62a8\u64ca\u300c\u5c08\u5bb6\u6cbb\u570b\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e00\u4e9b\u6c89\u6d78\u65bc\u67d0\u7a2e\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u592a\u4e45\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u807d\u5230\u4eba\u53cd\u5c0d\u300c\u5c0a\u91cd\u77e5\u8b58\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5c08\u5bb6\u6cbb\u570b\u300d\u6703\u89ba\u5f97\uf967\u53ef\u601d\u8b70\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u6211\u5011\u8ac7\u300c\u5c0a\u91cd\u77e5\u8b58\u300d\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u96e3\u9053\u4e0d\u61c9\u5148\u554f\uff0c\u300c\u4ec0\u9ebc\uf9dd\u76ca\u4e0b\u7523\u751f\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\uff1f\u300d\u3001\u300c\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u58df\u65b7\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\uff1f\u300d\u3001\u300c\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u8ab0\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\uff1f\u300d\u518d\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u77e5\u8b58\u672c\u8eab\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5024\u5f97\u5c0a\u91cd\u6216\u4e0d\u5c0a\u91cd\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u77e5\u8b58\u672c\u8eab\u65e3\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u9032\u5165\u751f\u7523\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u61c9\u7372\u5f97\u793e\u6703\u5831\u916c[3]<\/a>\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u5c0a\u91cd\u77e5\u8b58\u300d\u8aaa\u7a7f\u4e86\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u4eba\u63a5\u53d7\u5efa\u5236\u5316\u4e86\u7684\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u53cd\u79d1\u5b78\u3001\u53cd\u73fe\u4ee3\u3001\u53cd\uf9e4\u6027\u300d\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u8981\u4eba\u7d66\u4e88\u77e5\u8b58\u4efd\u5b50\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5831\u916c\u3002\u4e26\u4e14\u9032\u800c\u5206\u914d\u7d66\u77e5\u8b58\u4efd\u5b50\u6216\u5c08\u5bb6\u8f03\u591a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6b0a\u529b\u3002\u7531\u4e0a\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u300c\u5c0a\u91cd\u77e5\u8b58\u300d\u662f\u5f9e\u77e5\u8b58\u4efd\u5b50\u96c6\u5718\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u77e5\u8b58\u4efd\u5b50\u6240\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u96c6\u5718\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u53ca\uf9f7\u5834\u51fa\u767c\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u898b\u5f97\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u6703\u96c6\u5718\u7684\u6700\u4f73\uf9dd\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6709\u4eba\u6216\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c0a\u91cd\u5c08\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6574\u500b\u793e\u6703\u7684\u751f\u7523\u529b\uff0c\u5c0d\u5168\u793e\u6703\u5747\u6709\u5229\uff0c\u4f46\u537d\u4f7f\u9019\u500b\u8aaa\u6cd5\u7232\u771e\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u898b\u5f97\u7232\u793e\u6703\u67d0\u4e9b\u96c6\u5718\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\uf9b5\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8a2d\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u53ea\u6709\u7532\u4e59\u4e8c\u500b\u96c6\u5718\uff0c\u7532\u96c6\u5718\u662f\u77e5\u8b58\u4efd\u5b50\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u6280\u8853\u3002\u4e59\u96c6\u5718\u662f\uf92f\u5de5\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u52de\u52d5\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9019\u500b\u793e\u6703\u53ea\u9808\uf92f\u529b\u8207\u6280\u8853\u76f8\u63a5\u5408\u5c31\u80fd\u7523\u751f\u7269\u8cea\uf9dd\u76ca\u3002\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u8003\u91cf\u5e7e\u7a2e\u5047\u8a2d\u7684\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u6848\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u65b9\u6848\u4e00\uff1a\u5206\u914d\u6bd4\u4f8b1\uff1a1<\/td>\n\u5206\u914d\u6240\u5f97<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7532\uff08\u77e5\u8b58\u4efd\u5b50\u96c6\u5718\uff09<\/td>\n90<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4e59\uff08\u52de\u5de5\uff09<\/td>\n90<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5047\u5b9a\u7532\u4e59\u96d9\u65b9\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u7d66\u7532\u4e8c\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u916c\uf92f\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u7e3d\u751f\u7523\u91cf\u662f180\u500b\u55ae\u4f4d\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u96d9\u65b9\u5404\u5f9790\u55ae\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u65b9\u6848\u4e8c\uff1a\u5206\u914d\u6bd4\u4f8b1\uff1a9<\/td>\n\u5206\u914d\u6240\u5f97<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7532\uff08\u77e5\u8b58\u4efd\u5b50\u96c6\u5718\uff09<\/td>\n810<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4e59\uff08\u52de\u5de5\uff09<\/td>\n90<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u800c\u5982\u679c\u7d66\u7532\u5341\u5206\u4e4b\u4e5d\u7684\u916c\uf92f\uff0c\u7532\u5c31\u6703\u7279\u5225\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7e3d\u7523\u91cf\u6703\u6607\u5230900\u500b\u55ae\u4f4d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e59\u6240\u5f97\u537b\uf967\u8b8a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4e59\u96c6\u5718\u6709\u6b0a\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u4e59\uf967\u4e00\u5b9a\u6703\u9078\u64c7\u65b9\u6848\u4e8c\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5408\u4e4e\u7406\u6027\u7684\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u537d\u4f7f\u5c0d\u5168\u793e\u6703\u5927\u5927\u6709\u5229\uff08\u5f9e180\u63d0\u5347\u5230900\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u898b\u5f97\u7232\u500b\u5225\u7684\u96c6\u5718\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u65b9\u6848\u4e09\uff1a\u5206\u914d\u6bd4\u4f8b1\uff1a9<\/td>\n\u5206\u914d\u6240\u5f97<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7532\uff08\u77e5\u8b58\u4efd\u5b50\u96c6\u5718\uff09<\/td>\n900<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4e59\uff08\u52de\u5de5\uff09<\/td>\n100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7d66\u7532\u5341\u5206\u4e4b\u4e5d\u7684\u916c\uf92f\u5f8c\uff0c\u7e3d\u7523\u91cf\u8b8a\u62101000\u500b\u55ae\u4f4d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e59\u96c6\u5718\u4e5f\u6bd4\u524d\u5169\u500b\u65b9\u6848\u7372\u5f97\u8f03\u591a\u7684\u55ae\u4f4d\uff08\u753190\u8b8a100\uff09\uff0c\u4e59\u662f\u5426\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u6703\u63a5\u53d7\u65b9\u6848\u4e09\u5462\uff1f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f88\u660e\u986f\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e59\u96c6\u5718\u4f54\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u591a\u6578\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u591a\u9918\u7684\u5206\u914d\u4e26\uf967\u986f\u8457\uff0c\u4e59\u96c6\u5718\uf967\u4e00\u5b9a\u6703\u63a5\u53d7\u6b64\u4e00\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u7531\u6b64\uf901\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u537d\u4f7f\u5c0d\u5168\u793e\u6703\u8207\u500b\u5225\u96c6\u5718\u5747\u6709\u5229\u7684\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\uf967\u4e00\u5b9a\u6703\u88ab\u7406\u6027\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u8005\u63a1\u7d0d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u771e\u5be6\u4e16\u754c\u88cf\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u96c6\u5718\u6240\u8003\u616e\u7684\uf967\u53ea\u662f\u7269\u8cea\uf9dd\u76ca\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u4fdd\u6301\u53ca\u96c6\u5718\u7684\u9577\u671f\u512a\u52e2\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8b49\u660e\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\uf901\u771e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6709\u4eba\u6216\u8a31\u4ee5\u7232\u77e5\u8b58\u4efd\u5b50\u6216\u5c08\u5bb6\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5831\u916c\u61c9\u7531\u5e02\u5834\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u9019\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u5e02\u5834\u80cc\u5f8c\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u6709\u6b0a\u529b\u652f\u6491\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u5e02\u5834\u904b\u4f5c\u3002\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u4e2d\u90a3\u7a2e\uf9e4\u60f3\u5e02\u5834\uf967\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u7e31\u4f7f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u9700\u8981\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u904b\u7528\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5be6\u73fe\u3002\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u7684\u5e02\u5834\u6a21\u578b\uf967\u8003\u616e\u6b77\u53f2\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u77e5\u8b58\u4efd\u5b50\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u88ab\u751f\u7523\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\uff1f\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u8207\uf9dd\u76ca\u56e0\u7d20\u4e0b\u7523\u751f\u7684\uff1f\u4f46\u662f\uf967\u540c\u7684\u793e\u6703\u96c6\u5718\u6703\u8003\u616e\u9019\u4e9b\uf98c\u53f2\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528\u5e02\u5834\u4f86\u4f5c\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u96c6\u5718\u6703\u8a8d\u7232\u300c\uf967\u516c\u5e73\u300d\uff0c\u300c\uf967\u5408\u7406\u300d\u3002\u4ee5\u5f80\u6709\u4eba\u8a8d\u7232\u5e02\u5834\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5206\u914d\u662f\u516c\u5e73\u8207\u7406\u6027\u7684\u5178\u7bc4\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u662f\u5f9e\u67d0\u4e9b\u793e\u6703\u96c6\u5718\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u4f86\u770b\u624d\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8207\u5c0a\u91cd\u77e5\u8b58\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u5957\u89c0\u5ff5\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u5c0a\u91cd\u4e8b\u5be6\u8207\u7d93\u9a57\u300d\u3002\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u6216\u554f\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u300c\u628a\u7d93\u9a57\u6216\u4e8b\u5be6\u7576\u4f5c\u79d1\u5b78\uf9e4\u8ad6\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\uf967\u5c0d\uff1f\u300d\u4f46\u5374\uf967\u8ffd\u554f\u300c\u8ab0\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\uff1f\u8ab0\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\uff1f\u300d\u4e26\u628a\u7d93\u9a57\u548c\u4e8b\u5be6\u90fd\u7576\u4f5c\u81ea\u660e\u8207\u73fe\u6210\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u9650\u5236\u65bc\u53ef\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u3002\uf901\u6709\u751a\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u628a\u4e8b\u5be6\u548c\u7d93\u9a57\u5e7e\u4e4e\u8996\u7232\u540c\u7fa9\uff0c\u800c\u300c\u7d93\u9a57\u300d\u5247\u6307\u88ab\u52d5\u5730\u63a5\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u611f\u89ba\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u9996\u5148\u53d7\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u5236\u7d04\uff0c\u800c\u505a\u7232\u5be6\u8e10\u4e4b\u97ff\u5c0e\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\uff08Dewey\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u8207\u5c08\u9580\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3008\u8449\u6587\u3009\u8b1b\u5230\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u300c\u5be6\u8e10\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u5f9e\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u57fa\u672c\uf9f7\u5834\u51fa\u767c\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u300c\u61c9\u7528\u502b\u7406\u5b78\u300d\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u61c9\u7528\u502b\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u548c\u300a\u54f2\u5b78\u8207\u516c\u5171\u4e8b\u52d9\u300b\uff08Philosophy and Public Affairs<\/em>\uff09\u9019\u672c\u671f\u520a\u6709\u5bc6\u5207\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u672c\u671f\u520a\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\u548c1960\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u793e\u6703\u904b\u52d5\u53c8\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5b83\u662f\u758f\u901a\u53cd\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u7cfb\u5b78\u751f\u53ca\uf934\u5e2b\u4e4b\u7ba1\u9053\u3002\u8a66\u60f3\uff0c\u7576\u6821\u5712\u5916\u7684\u793e\u6703\u56e0\u6c11\u6b0a\uff0c\u5a66\u5973\u89e3\u653e\uff0c\u53cd\u6230\u9b27\u5f97\u5982\u706b\u5982\u837c\u4e4b\u969b\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u5982\u679c\u9084\u5728\u300c\uf9e4\u8ad6\u91cd\u69cb\u300d\u6216\u641e\u300c\u5f8c\u8a2d\u502b\u7406\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u641e\u9ede\u300c\u61c9\u7528\u502b\u7406\u300d\u9084\u6210\u55ce\uff1f\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u7d50\u679c\uf901\u8b93\u4eba\u770b\u51fa\u5b83\u539f\u4f86\u9810\u8a2d\u7684\u300c\u793e\u6703\u7406\u8ad6\u300d\u8207\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u793e\u6703\u860a\u6db5\u3002\u53cd\u5c0d\u6216\u6279\u8a55\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u5176\u6839\u6e90\u4e43\u5728\u65bc\u53cd\u5c0d\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u793e\u6703\u860a\u6db5\uff08\u5373\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c\u6240\u7ad9\u7684\u7acb\u5834\uff09\u3002\u300c\u4e00\u5207\u54f2\u5b78\u90fd\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b78\u300d\uff08\u666e\u5357\u8a9e\uff09\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u4e5f\uf967\uf9b5\u5916\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e2d\u5c0d\u79d1\u5b78\u63a1\u908f\u8f2f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u770b\u6cd5\u7684\uff0c\u8a8d\u7232\u300c\u6b77\u53f2\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5fc3\u7406\u2500\u793e\u6703\u300d\u53d6\u5411\uff0c\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\uf9e4\u89e3\u7121\u95dc\uff0c\uff08\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u8a8d\u7232\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u61c9\u7528\u502b\u7406\u548c\u300a\u54f2\u5b78\u8207\u516c\u5171\u4e8b\u52d9\u300b\u6216\u4ec0\u9ebc\u57fa\uf90a\u6703\u5b8c\u5168\u300c\uf967\u76f8\u5e72\u300d\uff09\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u81ea\u5f9e\u300c\u5f8c\u5b54\u6069\u300d\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u54f2\u5b78\u8208\u8d77\u5f8c\uff0c\u7d14\u908f\u8f2f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5df2\u7d93\u7ad9\uf967\u4f4f\u811a\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u3008\u4f59\u6587\u3009\u4e2d\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u784f\u7a76\u8a9e\u8a00\u5fc5\u7136\u6b78\u5bbf\u5230\u300e\u610f\u7fa9\u300f\u7684\u554f\u984c\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u4e00\u65e6\u300e\u610f\u7fa9\u300f\u6210\u7232\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\uf941\u984c\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u54f2\u5b78\uf965\u6703\u6bd4\u8f03\u63a5\u8fd1\u4eba\u751f\u4e86\u300d\u3002\u3008\u8449\u6587\u3009\u8aaa\u3008\u4f59\u6587\u3009\u628a\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u8207\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u6df7\u6dc6\u4e86\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u557c\u7b11\u7686\u975e\uff0c\u4e91\u4e91<\/p>\n

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\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u7232\u4f55\u6703\u300c\u8cea\u8b8a\u300d<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u8003\u53e4\u5b78<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u6ce8\u91cb<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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