學術論文寫作

To make one an authority on some minute phase of an overall topic (2).

Essential part of humanity's continuing desire to gain insight into and understanding of the world (2).　　　　　　　　　　　

It's formal, impersonal, and objective; it handles material gathered from other sources, surveys, or experiments; and it's scholarly in its presentation of the subject (33).

Your research paper is your factual presentation of other people’s findings on a given subject. It's purpose is two-fold:

１）

to provide others with an organized, thorough summary of information on your subject

２）

to help you master the basic techniques of scholarship

A good research paper, therefore, contains more facts than opinions, and the opinions it does contain are the opinions of your sources, not yours.　　　　

In academia, writing and publishing is conducted in several sets of forms and genres. This is a list of genres of academic writing. It is a short summary of the full spectrum of critical & academic writing. It does not cover the variety of critical approaches that can be applied when writing about a subject.

Writing in these forms or styles is usually serious, intended for a critical and informed audience, based on closely-investigated knowledge, and posits ideas or arguments. It usually circulates within the academic world ('the academy'), but the academic writer may also find an audience outside via journalism, speeches, pamphlets, etc.　　　　　　　　　　　　　

Novelty does not necessarily mean developing a major new theory, however, it does mean that you are expected to add something to the existing body of research, not just collect and repeat other people's work. There are many ways to express this 'novel' aspect: your contribution may be a new insight in an existing debate, the application of an established theory to a new area, an expression of disagreement with a certain position argued by another writer, or an extension of a previously developed line of enquiry.

There are of course kinds of academic writing which do not create new knowledge, a sub-genre known as 'review articles'. The best known are what are often called 'state-of-the-art' articles, written by a leading authority on the field to conveniently provide an up-to-date overview for the less well informed about how new research and theory this specialised part of the field looks at the moment.

All have in common that they involve you in solving a problem, theoretical or practical, by doing some sort of research, usually library research (reading, comparing and applying the work of others), though a few may require you to carry out empirical research (gathering primary data in some form and processing it)

Many research papers follow the pattern 'situation-problem-solution-evaluation'. In other words, they describe a situation, identify something

In that situation that is problematic, discuss a suggestion as to how this situation might be solved, and finally evaluate whether this solution is effective or not.　　　　　

Discussion, debate.

A spoken or written discourse upon or treatment of a subject, in which it is discussed at length; a treatise, sermon, or the like.　　　　　

A dissertation is a long formal piece of writing on a particular subject, especially for a university degree.　　　　　　　　　　

The terms of reference of this assignment [research paper] may vary widely. It may be called a research paper, a thesis, or even a dissertation....But the central situation remains unchanged; the writer will be expected to demonstrate a mastery of the scholarly disciplines. These may be defined as the ability to draw on a reasonably wide range of recognized authorities; to learn something of the techniques of getting the most out of a library system; to sustain the labor of taking accurate notes over a long period; to digest them into a shapely and lucid whole; and to present them with due respect for the acknowledged conventions of documentation. At all levels these remain the major concerns of the researchers.　　　　　　　　　

“Writing a dissertation is a true learning experience wit large…in the process of writing your dissertation you will learn many things”.

１）

You will learn more about your discipline.

２）

You will learn more about writing to an audience beyond the one professor who taught the course, extending to your dissertation committee and ultimately your academic discipline globally.

３）

You will learn to organize large chunks of information.

４）

You will learn to do original research.

５）

You will learn to organize your tie so that you are as productive as you want to be.