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\n
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\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u500b\u5834\u5408\uff0c\u4e0d\u7d93\u610f\u5730\uff0c\u6211\u77e5\u6089\u4f55\u6559\u6388\u539f\u4f86\u4e5f\u662f\u500b\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u3002\u6211\u6eff\u5fc3\u6b61\u559c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u4e5f\u662f\u500b\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u3002\u4e4b\u5f8c\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u5834\u5408\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u627e\u5230\u6a5f\u6703\u548c\u4f55\u6559\u6388\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u95dc\u65bc\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u5206\u4eab\u3002\u90a3\u6642\u78ba\u5207\u7684\u8ac7\u8a71\u5167\u5bb9\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6211\u5df2\u8a18\u4e0d\u592a\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u4f46\u4f55\u6559\u6388\u6709\u4e00\u53e5\u8a71\uff0c\u6211\u5230\u73fe\u5728\u9084\u7262\u7262\u5730\u8a18\u5728\u6211\u7684\u8166\u6d77\u4e2d\u3002\u90a3\u6642\uff0c\u5979\u5fae\u7b11\u4f46\u5805\u5b9a\u5730\u544a\u8a34\u6211\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u5f9e\u4f86\u4e0d\u6562\u5fd8\u8a18\u8056\u7d93\u7684\u6559\u5c0e\u300d\uff01\u70ba\u4e86\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\uff0c\u6211\u611f\u52d5\u826f\u4e45\u3002\u6574\u672c\u8056\u7d93\u90fd\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u5728\u6559\u5c0e\u6211\u5011\u8981\u5b78\u7fd2\u53bb\u611b\uff0c\u8981\u300c\u70ba\u7d04\u745f\u7684\u82e6\u52de\u64d4\u6182\u300d (\u8a3b\u5341\u516b) \u3002\u5f9e\u5979\u7684\u8eab\u4e0a\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5979\u884c\u51fa\u4e86\u8036\u7a4c\u4f73\u7f8e\u7684\u8173\u8e64\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u9858\u610f\u7a31\u5979\u70ba\u58ae\u5929\u4f7f\u2014\u4e00\u500b\u58ae\u843d\u81f3\u51e1\u9593\uff0c\u6df1\u6df1\u9ad4\u5bdf\u51e1\u9593\u75be\u82e6\u7684\u5929\u4f7f\u3002\u800c\u6211\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u6a02\u610f\u548c\u5979\u7ad9\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u9663\u7dda\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u6253\u9019\u5834\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u4ed7\u3002<\/p>\n
* \u8a3b\u4e00\uff1a\u8521\u4f38\u7ae0\uff0c\u3008\u675c\u601d\u59a5\u4e5f\u592b\u65af\u57fa\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u8056\u6f54\u7684\u9748\u9b42\uff1a\u675c\u65af\u59a5\u4e5f\u592b\u65af\u57fa\u9078\u96c6\u300b\u8b6f\u5e8f\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u5fd7\u6587\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u6c1160\uff0c\u980150\u3002<\/p>\n
* \u8a3b\u4e8c\uff1a\u898b\u300c\u5f35\u8cbc\u4eba\u7378\u7325\u893b\u5716\u7247\uff0c\u5317\u6aa2\u8d77\u8a34\u4f55\u6625\u8564\u300d\u4e2d\u592e\u793e\uff0c2003\u5e7412\u670805\u65e5\u3002\u4ee5\u53ca\u300c\u7db2\u7ad9\u8cbc\u4eba\u7378\u4ea4\u5716\u7247\uff0c\u4f55\u6625\u8564\u6d89\u7325\u893b\u8d77\u8a34\u300d\u806f\u5408\u5831\uff0cA5\u7248\uff0c2003\u5e7412\u670806\u65e5<\/p>\n
* \u8a3b\u4e09\uff1a\u898b\u300c\u9023\u7d50\u4eba\u7378\u4ea4\uff0c\u4f55\u6625\u8564\u88ab\u544a\u7325\u893b\u300d\u4e2d\u570b\u6642\u5831\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u7248\uff0c2003\u5e7406\u670824\u65e5<\/p>\n
* \u8a3b\u56db\uff1a\u8a31\u591a\u64c1\u6709\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e0d\u540c\u6027\uff0f\u5225\u7279\u8cea\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u5728\u9019\u500b\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u7684\u8655\u5883\u5be6\u5728\u662f\u4ee4\u4eba\u64d4\u5fc3\u3002 \u767c\u751f\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u6700\u9bae\u660e\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5373\u662f\u5728\u6c11\u570b\u516b\u5341\u4e5d\u5e74\u56db\u6708\u4e8c\u5341\u65e5\uff0c\u5c4f\u6771\u7e23\u9ad8\u6a39\u570b\u4e2d\u4e09\u5e74\u4e8c\u73ed\u7684\u8449\u6c38\u92d5\u96e2\u5947\u5728\u5ec1\u6240\u4e2d\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u300c\u6027\uff0f\u5225\u53e6\u985e\u300d\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u53ef\u8a73\u898b\u738b\u5bb6\u8c6a\uff0c\u300a\u5a18\u5a18\u8154\u7537\u540c\u6027\u6200\u8005\u7684\u793e\u6703\u8655\u5883\u53ca\u5176\u81ea\u6211\u8a8d\u540c\u300b\uff0c\u4e16\u65b0\u5927\u5b78\u793e\u6703\u767c\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u672a\u51fa\u7248\u78a9\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u6c1191\u3002<\/p>\n
* \u8a3b\u4e94\uff1a\u898b Empowerment theory: psychological, organizational, and community levels of analysis. in Rappaport, J. & Seidman, E. Eds, Handbook of community psychology,New York: Kluwer Academic\/Plenum, c2000, ch.2.<\/p>\n
* \u8a3b\u516d\uff1a\u96d6\u7136\u6211\u627f\u8a8d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u78ba\u53d7\u4f55\u6559\u6388\u53ca\u5361\u7dad\u6ce2\u7684\u601d\u8003\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u537b\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9808\u6f84\u6e05\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u5728\u5927\u5b78\u88e1\u7684\u4e3b\u4fee\u662f\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u8207\u793e\u6703\u5b78(\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c)\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u53d7\u5230\u9019\u5169\u500b\u9818\u57df\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff1a\u9019\u5169\u500b\u300c\u52a9\u4eba\u5de5\u4f5c\u300d\u9818\u57df\u6240\u6709\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u3001\u5c0d\u65bc\u300c\u4eba\u300d\u7684\u9810\u8a2d\u3001\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e8b\u7269\u6240\u63a1\u53d6\u7684\u5206\u6790\u89c0\u9ede……\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u5c0d\u6211\u6709\u6df1\u9060\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u50cf\u6211\u5c31\u4fe1\u670d\u65bc\u300c\u798f\u5229\u570b\u5bb6\u300d(welfare state)\uff0c\u4e26\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u7269\u8cea\u57fa\u790e\u300d\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4e5f\u540c\u6642\u6df1\u4fe1\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5c0d\u65bc\u300c\u58d3\u529b\u300d\u6240\u505a\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u800c\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u5c0d\u65bc\u5176\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u300c\u8a8d\u77e5\u8a55\u4f30\u300d(cognitive appraisal) \u80fd\u5c0d\u5176\u6240\u611f\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u611f\u505a\u51fa\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u7269\u8cea\u57fa\u790e\u300d\u53ca\u300c\u8a8d\u77e5\u8a55\u4f30\u300d\u80fd\u5920\u5404\u81ea\u55ae\u7368\u7247\u9762\u5730\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4eba\u7684\u5e78\u798f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5fc5\u9808\u7d9c\u5408\u4f86\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n
* \u8a3b\u4e03\uff1a\u898b\u300c\u4e8c\u5343\u4eba\u9023\u7f72\u633a\u4f55\u6625\u8564\u300d\uff0c\u860b\u679c\u65e5\u5831\uff0c2003\u5e749\u670811\u65e5<\/p>\n
* \u8a3b\u516b\uff1a\u898b JEN LIN-LIU,(2003), No Sex, Please, We’re Taiwanese: An English professor’s outspoken views land her in court. The Chronicle of Higher Education. Section: International,Volume 50, Issue 7, Page A36 http:\/\/chronicle.com\/free\/v50\/i07\/07a03601.htm<\/p>\n
* \u8a3b\u4e5d\uff1a\u898b\u300c\u52f5\u99a8\u7b49\u5a66\u904b\u5718\u9ad4\u99c1\u65a5\u4f55\u6625\u8564\u63d0\u5021\u9752\u5c11\u5973\u63f4\u4ea4\u300d\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u793e\uff0c2002\u5e7405\u670824\u65e5<\/p>\n
* \u8a3b\u5341\uff1a\u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u6211\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u559c\u6b61\u300c\u8f14\u5c0e\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6cbb\u7642\u300d\u9019\u4e9b\u8a5e\u5f59\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u8a5e\u5f59\u88e1\u9762\uff0c\u5df2\u901a\u5e38\u860a\u542b\u4e86\u300c\u8f14\u5c0e\u8005\u8207\u88ab\u8f14\u5c0e\u8005\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6cbb\u7642\u8005\u8207\u88ab\u6cbb\u7642\u8005\u300d\u4e4b\u9593\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7b49\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5f31\u52e2\u6703\u70ba\u5f31\u52e2\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u5df2\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u793e\u6703\u751f\u6d3b\u88e1\uff0c\u8655\u65bc\u4e00\u6b0a\u529b\u95dc\u4fc2\u8f03\u70ba\u4e0d\u5229\u7684\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u70ba\u4f55\u5728\u52a9\u4eba\u5de5\u4f5c\u6b77\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9084\u8981\u518d\u6b21\u8907\u88fd\u9019\u4e9b\u6b0a\u529b\u58d3\u8feb\uff1f\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u540cTennov(1975)\u6240\u8a00\uff1a\u300c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u4e0d\u6703\u53bb\u300e\u6cbb\u7642\u300f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u59ca\u59b9\u300d\uff01(\u5f15\u81eaCorey, G.,c2001) \u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u5728\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u300c\u52a9\u4eba\u8005\u8207\u53d7\u52a9\u8005\u300d\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u81ea1970\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u4f86\u5df2\u53d7\u5230\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002\u4e0d\u50cf\u5176\u4ed6\u5b78\u6d3e\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\uff0f\u8aee\u5546\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6cbb\u7642\u8005\u8207\u88ab\u6cbb\u7642\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u689d\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u754c\u7dda\uff0c\u4e26\u4f9d\u7167\u6b64\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6cbb\u7642\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\uff0c\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u5b78\u6d3e\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u95dc\u4fc2\u904e\u7a0b\u300d\u672c\u8eab\u53cd\u800c\u624d\u662f\u5c0d\u5973\u6027\u53d7\u52a9\u8005\u6700\u6709\u5e6b\u52a9\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6cbb\u7642\u76ee\u6a19\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u71df\u9020\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u66f4\u6eab\u6696\u300d\u3001\u300c\u66f4\u63a5\u7d0d\u300d\u3001\u300c\u66f4\u80fd\u5920\u770b\u898b\u5f7c\u6b64\u300d\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u8b93\u6c42\u52a9\u8005\u5728\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5728\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\u5b78\u7fd2\u9762\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8655\u5883\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u9f13\u8d77\u52c7\u6c23\u53bb\u6539\u8b8a\u4e0d\u5229\u7684\u8655\u5883\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u8005\u4e26\u4e0d\u907f\u8af1\u5728\u9069\u7576\u6642\u6a5f\u4f5c\u81ea\u6211\u63ed\u9732(self- dislcosure) \uff0c\u4e26\u52aa\u529b\u8b93\u6574\u500b\u6cbb\u7642\u904e\u7a0b\u300c\u53bb\u795e\u79d8\u5316\u300d\uff0c\u8b93\u6848\u4e3b\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u53c3\u8207\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u8a73\u7d30\u60c5\u5f62\u8acb\u898b\uff1aMarecek, J. & Kravetz, D., (1998), Power and Agency in Feminist Therapy. in Seu and Heenan Eds. Feminism and Psychotherapy: Reflections on Contemporary Theories and Practices. London:Sage. \u800c\u6211\u5728\u539f\u6587\u4e2d\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u300c\u8f14\u5c0e\u300d\u4e00\u8a5e\uff0c\u4fc2\u70ba\u548c\u7d00\u60e0\u5bb9\u7684\u8a71\u505a\u4e00\u5e73\u884c\u9020\u53e5\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u53bb\u300c\u8f14\u5c0e\u300d\u9019\u4e9b\u548c\u6211\u64c1\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u8655\u5883\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u3002<\/p>\n
* \u8a3b\u5341\u4e00\uff1a\u9019\u662f\u6211\u5c0d\u73fe\u884c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u300c\u540c\u6027\u5bc6\u53cb\u671f\u300d\u6240\u6df1\u611f\u53ad\u60e1\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u8f14\u5c0e\u754c\u8207\u8aee\u5546\u754c\u56e0\u7121\u529b\u53bb\u8655\u7406\u300c\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u540c\u5fd7\u300d\u7684\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u800c\u60f3\u4ee5\u300c\u540c\u6027\u5bc6\u53cb\u671f\u300d\u4f86\u300c\u5b89\u64ab\u300d\u3001\u300c\u544a\u8aa1\u300d\u56e0\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u60c5\u611f\u53d6\u5411\u611f\u5230\u8ff7\u60d1\u800c\u524d\u4f86\u6c42\u52a9\u7684\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\uff1a\u300c\u4f60\u9084\u90a3\u9ebc\u5e74\u8f15\uff0c\u4f60\u600e\u9ebc\u80fd\u90a3\u9ebc\u5feb\u5c31\u78ba\u5b9a\u4f60\u662f\u540c\u6027\u6200\u5462\uff1f\u4f60\u5c0d\u4ed6\uff0f\u5979\u6709\u597d\u611f\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u4f60\u9084\u8655\u5728\u300e\u540c\u6027\u5bc6\u53cb\u671f\u300f\u7684\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u6703\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u5f88\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u3002\u300d\u9019\u7a2e\u4ee5\u61f7\u7591\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u5426\u5b9a\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5c0d\u65bc\u81ea\u5df1\u611f\u60c5\u8207\u60c5\u617e\u7684\u754c\u5b9a\uff0c\u6b63\u597d\u66b4\u9732\u4e86\u5927\u4eba\u5c0d\u65bc\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u6027\u7684\u7121\u77e5\u8207\u50b2\u6162\uff0c\u800c\u60f3\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u8a3a\u65b7\u5f0f\u300d\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u8207\u6b78\u56e0(\u540c\u6027\u5bc6\u53cb\u671f)\uff0c\u4f86\u63a9\u84cb\u5927\u4eba\u5c0d\u65bc\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5c0d\u65bc\u6027\u7121\u5118\u53ef\u80fd\u4e4b\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u6050\u61fc\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7cbe\u795e\u91ab\u5b78\u5b78\u6703\u57281973\u5e74\u628a\u300c\u540c\u6027\u6200\u300d\u5f9eDSM\u4e2d\u522a\u9664\uff0c\u537b\u53c8\u540c\u6642\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u689d\u300c\u5152\u7ae5\u6642\u671f\u6027\u5225\u8a8d\u540c\u932f\u4e82\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u5229\u7528\u300c\u540c\u6027\u5bc6\u53cb\u671f\u300d\u4f86\u8aaa\u670d\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u300c\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u540c\u6027\u6200\u300d\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u53cd\u61c9\u4e86\u5927\u4eba\u60f3\u5728\u6700\u525b\u958b\u59cb\u6642\u5373\u9632\u5835\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u9577\u6210\u540c\u6027\u6200\u7f77\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
* \u8a3b\u5341\u4e8c\uff1a\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u90fd\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u540c\u5fd7\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u6b77\u7a0b\uff0c\u5f9e\u525b\u958b\u59cb\u767c\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\u8207\u4ed6\u4eba\u660e\u986f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u6642\u5019(\u5e73\u5747\u5e74\u9f61\u662f12\u6b72)\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u8a8d\u540c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6027\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u300c\u540c\u6027\u6200\u300d\u4f86\u6a19\u793a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6027\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u4e26\u958b\u59cb\u6709\u8a08\u756b\u5730\u5411\u9031\u906d\u7684\u4eba\u51fa\u6ac3(come out)\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u958b\u59cb\u5927\u91cf\u53c3\u8207\u540c\u5fd7\u793e\u7fa4\u5167\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5(\u5e73\u5747\u5e74\u9f6117\u6b72)\uff0c\u9019\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4e94\u5e74\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u9805\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u6b77\u7a0b\uff0c\u5373\u70ba\u5927\u91cf\u8490\u96c6\u8207\u540c\u6027\u6200\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6b63\u5411\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u9019\u8a8d\u540c\u6b77\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u672a\u7372\u5f97\u76f8\u95dc\u6b63\u5411\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5728\u672a\u4f86\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u7121\u6cd5\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u6b63\u5411\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5c0e\u81f4\u5f9e\u4e8b\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u800c\u66b4\u9732\u5728\u611f\u67d3\u611b\u6ecb\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u4e0b\u3002\u898b\uff1aD’Augelli, A. R., & Hersberger, S. L.(1993). Lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth in community settings: Personal challenges and mental health problems. American Journal of Community Psychology, 21, 421-448. \u8207 Rosario, M., Hunter, J., Maguen, S., Gwadz, M., & Smith, R.(2001). The coming-out process and its adaptational and health-related associations among gay, lesbian, and bisexual youths: Stipulation and exploration of a model.American Journal of Community Psychology, Vol.29, Iss.1; p.133-161.\u800c\u5728\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u540c\u5fd7\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6700\u65b9\u4fbf\u7372\u5f97\u9019\u4e9b\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\u5373\u70ba\u300c\u7db2\u8def\u300d\u3002\u5728\u7db2\u969b\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u5fd7\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u300c\u5152\u7ae5\u300d(\u6307 12\u6b72\u4ee5\u4e0b)\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c0b\u627e\u5230\u8a8d\u540c\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u300c\u53e6\u985e\u8272\u60c5\u300d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u7db2\u969b\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u5c0d\u8a31\u591a\u5927\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u662f\u6b32\u300c\u9664\u4e4b\u800c\u5f8c\u5feb\u300d\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u8272\u60c5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5c0d\u4e00\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u6709\u63a2\u7d22\u3001\u7df4\u7fd2\u8207\u8a8d\u540c\u6a5f\u6703\u7684\u53e6\u985e\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u548c\u5152\u7ae5\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u537b\u662f\u6709\u6240\u57f9\u529b\u6548\u679c\u7684\uff01<\/p>\n
* \u8a3b\u5341\u4e09\uff1a\u898b\u300a\u806f\u5408\u570b\u5152\u7ae5\u6b0a\u5229\u516c\u7d04\u300b(1990)\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e03\u689d\u7b2c\u4e00\u9805\u300c\u7c3d\u7d04\u570b\u627f\u8a8d\u5152\u7ae5\u6709\u5145\u5206\u4f7f\u5176\u8eab\u5fc3\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u793e\u6703\u7372\u5f97\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u6e96\u6b0a\u5229\u300d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u908a\u6240\u6307\u7684\u300c\u8eab\u5fc3\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u793e\u6703\u300d\u7684\u300c\u767c\u5c55\u300d\u4e0d\u66c9\u5f97\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u5305\u62ec\u8b93\u5152\u7ae5\u6709\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u300c\u9577\u6210\u300d\u81ea\u5df1\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u6a23\u5b50\u7684\u300c\u6b0a\u5229\u300d\uff1f\u5305\u62ec\u9577\u6210\u300c\u4e0d\u7537\u4e0d\u5973\u300d\u300c\u5a18\u5a18\u8154\u540c\u6027\u6200\u300d\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\uff1f<\/p>\n
* \u8a3b\u5341\u56db\uff1a\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7576\u7136\u662f1971\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u6709\u5169\u4f4d\u5b78\u8005Frances F. Piven\u8207Richard A. Cloward \u6240\u51fa\u7248\u7684 Regulating the poor\uff1athe functions of public welfare.\u7576\u6642\u8a72\u66f8\u4e00\u51fa\u7248\u99ac\u4e0a\u9020\u6210\u8f5f\u52d5\uff0c\u570d\u7e5e\u5728\u9245\u89c0\u7684\u300c\u793e\u6703\u63a7\u5236\u300d\u8207\u300c\u793e\u6703\u798f\u5229\u300d\u7684\u8faf\u8ad6\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7e8c\u5230\u516b\uff10\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u3002\u5f9e\u4e5d\uff10\u5e74\u4ee3\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u798f\u5229\u8207\u793e\u6703\u63a7\u5236\u9593\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5247\u958b\u59cb\u51fa\u73fe\u5f9e\u5f8c\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u5fae\u89c0\u8996\u89d2\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u5206\u6790\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u8108\u7d61\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u738b\u589e\u52c7\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u671f\u7684\u3008\u53f0\u7063\u793e\u6703\u7814\u7a76\u5b63\u520a\u3009(2003\u5e749 \u6708) \u6240\u767c\u8868\u7684\u300a\u7167\u9867\u8207\u63a7\u5236\u4e4b\u9593\u2014\u4ee5\u300c\u500b\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u300d\u5728\u793e\u5de5\u5834\u57df\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u5be6\u8e10\u70ba\u4f8b\u300b(p143-183)\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f86\u4ee3\u8868\u9019\u7a2e\u300c\u5f9e\u5085\u79d1\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u8207\u6b0a\u529b\u89c0\u9ede\u300d\u5c0d\u76ee\u524d\u52a9\u4eba\u5c08\u696d(\u793e\u5de5)\u300c\u9032\u884c\u5fae\u89c0\u8003\u5bdf\u8207\u6279\u8a55\u300d\u4e4b\u8ad6\u9ede\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u738b\u589e\u52c7\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff1a\u7531\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u8d77\u6e90\u662f\u8207\u570b\u5bb6\u5c0d\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c\u300d\u8207\u300c\u504f\u5dee\u4efd\u5b50\u300d\u9032\u884c\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\u6709\u5bc6\u5207\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c08\u696d\u662f\u300c\u570b\u5bb6\u6a5f\u5668\u8cc7\u6e90\u518d\u5206\u914d\u6a5f\u5236\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6210\u54e1\u300d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u5de5\u4f5c\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u53c8\u662f\u300c\u77e2\u8a00\u7167\u9867\u5f31\u52e2\u6848\u4e3b\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u300d\u3002\u65bc\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\uff0c\u793e\u5de5\u5c08\u696d\u8eab\u9650\u65bc\u300c\u7167\u9867\u8207\u63a7\u5236\u300d\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u800c\u6240\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u4f86\u77e5\u8b58\u9ad4\u7cfb\u8207\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u96b1\u542b\u4e86\u300c\u7167\u9867\u8207\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u5167\u5728\u77db\u76fe\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n
* \u8a3b\u5341\u4e94\uff1a\u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u300c\u5982\u4f55\u8a8d\u8b58\u300d\u6211\u5011\u6240\u8981\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0d\u65bc\u5979\u5011\u8655\u5883\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u767c\u5c55\u5354\u52a9\u65b9\u6848\u7b49\u9019\u4e9b\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u65e9\u5c31\u5728\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u9663\u71df\u4e2d\u722d\u8ad6\u5df2\u4e45\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u300c\u7f8e\u5bb9\u5851\u8eab\u300d\u6b64\u8b70\u984c\u4e0a\u3002\u5728\u53f0\u7063\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u6b64\u8b70\u984c\u7684\u722d\u8faf\u5927\u7565\u53ef\u7c97\u5206\u6210\u5169\u6d3e\uff1a\u4e00\u6d3e\u662f\u4ee5\u300c\u5a92\u9ad4\u5206\u6790\u300d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6279\u5224\u7576\u4eca\u53f0\u7063\u7f8e\u5bb9\u5851\u8eab\u5ee3\u544a\u53ca\u6a5f\u69cb\uff0c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u5973\u6027\u95b1\u807d\u4eba\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u300c\u7626\u5373\u662f\u7f8e\u300d\u7684\u865b\u5047\u5be9\u7f8e\u6f6e\u6d41\uff0c\u800c\u8feb\u4f7f\u5973\u6027\u6709\u5982\u6b47\u65af\u5e95\u91cc\u822c\u5730\u5c0b\u6c42\u7626\u8eab\u53ca\u5851\u8eab\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u6d3e\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u66f8\u7c4d\u53ef\u898b\uff1a\u5f35\u9326\u83ef\u300a\u5973\u70ba\u6085\u5df1\u8005\u7626\uff1f\uff1a\u5a92\u4ecb\u6548\u679c\u8207\u4e3b\u9ad4\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u81fa\u5317\u7e23\uff1a\u6b63\u4e2d\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u6c1191\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u6d3e\u5247\u662f\u4ee5\u4e2d\u592e\u5927\u5b78\u6027\uff0f\u5225\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u70ba\u4e3b\u3002\u4ee5\u5176\u4e00\u8cab\u770b\u91cd\u500b\u5225\u5973\u6027\u7684\u80fd\u52d5\u4e3b\u9ad4\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5973\u6027\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u6b64\u7a2e\u5177\u6709\u58d3\u8feb\u6548\u679c\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u80fd\u4e3b\u52d5\u627e\u8457\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u88c2\u9699\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u632a\u7528\u7d50\u69cb\u4f86\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u5177\u6709\u57f9\u529b\u6548\u679c\u3002\u6301\u6b64\u7a2e\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u76ee\u524d\u4e26\u4e0d\u591a\u898b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c3\u8003\u7684\u66f8\u7c4d\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u8377\u862d\u7c4d\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u6240\u5beb\u7684\uff1aKathy Davis \uff0c\u300a\u91cd\u5851\u5973\u9ad4\uff1a\u7f8e\u5bb9\u624b\u8853\u7684\u5169\u96e3\u300b\uff0c\u5f35\u541b\u73ab\u8b6f\uff0c\u81fa\u5317\uff1a\u5de8\u6d41\uff0c\u6c1186\u3002\u5c0d\u65bcKathy Davis \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u8a8d\u8b58\u5973\u6027\u7626\u8eab\u7f8e\u5bb9\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u300c\u5148\u807d\u807d\u5979\u5011\u600e\u9ebc\u8aaa\u300d\uff0c\u77ad\u89e3\u300c\u7f8e\u5bb9\u7626\u8eab\u300d\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u59ca\u59b9\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5728\u9084\u672a\u77ad\u89e3\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u5373\u65a5\u8cac\u9019\u4e9b\u53bb\u7f8e\u5bb9\u7626\u8eab\u7684\u59ca\u59b9\u70ba\u300c\u88ab\u7236\u6b0a\u6d17\u8166\u300d\u751a\u81f3\u300c\u611b\u4e0a\u58d3\u8feb\u8005\u300d\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n
* \u8a3b\u5341\u516d\uff1a\u6216\u8a31\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u610f\u8b58\u89ba\u9192 (conscious-raising)\u300d\u5427\uff1f\u610f\u8b58\u89ba\u9192\u5728\u5973\u6027\u4e3b
\n\u7fa9\u4e2d\u5df2\u7d2f\u7a4d\u4e86\u76f8\u7576\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u7c21\u77ed\u7684\u8aaa\u660e\u8acb\u898b\uff1a\u5289\u60e0\u7434\uff0c\u300a\u6027\u5225\u8207\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u76f8\u9047\u300b\u6536\u9304\u65bc\u300a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u958b\u5c55\uff1a\u5275\u65b0\u9818\u57df\u2027\u793e\u6703\u8b70\u984c\u2027\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u300b\u8f14\u4ec1\u5927\u5b78\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7cfb\u4e09\u5341\u9031\u5e74\u7cfb\u6176\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u6703\u8b70\u624b\u518a\uff08\u4e00\uff09\uff0c2002\/5\/4\uff0c\u98016-9\u81f36-11\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n* \u8a3b\u5341\u4e03\uff1a\u5728\u9019\u908a\u6211\u89ba\u5f97\u6211\u5fc5\u9808\u6f84\u6e05\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3002\u5728\u6211\u6574\u500b\u6c42\u5b78\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5df2\u7d93\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u6b21\u807d\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u4e5f\u6709\u81ea\u8a8d\u70ba\u975e\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5b78\u8005\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u300c\u73fe\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u5e74\u8f15\u5973\u5b78\u751f\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u6703\u53d7\u4f55\u6625\u8564\u5438\u5f15\uff0c\u662f\u8087\u56e0\u5979\u7368\u7279\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u9b45\u529b\u300d \uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u300c\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u8655\u7406\u7684\u6771\u897f\u6bd4\u8f03\u8f9b\u8fa3\uff0f\u7b26\u5408\u5973(\u5927)\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u300d\u3002(\u95dc\u65bc\u9019\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u4ea6\u53ef\u53c3\u8003\u8303\u96f2(2003)\u5c0d\u65bc\u53f0\u7063\u67d0\u4e9b\u5a66\u5973\u904b\u52d5\u8005\u505a\u7684\u8a2a\u8ac7\u5206\u6790\u3002\u3008\u653f\u6cbb\u8f49\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u5a66\u5973\u904b\u52d5\uff1a\u4ee5\u904b\u52d5\u8005\u53ca\u751f\u547d\u50b3\u8a18\u80cc\u666f\u70ba\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u53f0\u7063\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u300b\uff0c\u98015133-194\u3002) \u4e0d\u5426\u8a8d\u4f55\u6559\u6388\u7684\u78ba\u6709\u5979\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u7368\u7279\u9b45\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6b78\u56e0\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u5979\u500b\u4eba\u98a8\u683c\uff0c\u537b\u4e5f\u5c0f\u770b\u4e86\u548c\u4f55\u6559\u6388\u7ad9\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u9663\u7dda\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n
* \u8a3b\u5341\u516b\uff1a\u66fe\u6176\u8c79\uff0c\u300a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3001\u95dc\u4fc2\u8207\u8a00\u8aaa : \u9081\u5411\u5f8c\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6279\u5224\u795e\u5b78\u300b\uff0c\u81fa\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u4e94\u5357\uff0c\u6c1189\u9801277-353<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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