\u25ce\u74e6\u792b<\/p>\n
…\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa…\uff0d\u6211\u5011\u6216\u53ef\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u5ba2\u5ef3\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0d\uff08\u90a3\u662f\uff09\u4e00\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u8ce3\u5f04\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u5be6\u73fe\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u6dfa\u6d89\u8005\u53cd\u662f\u6700\u4e0d\u53ef\u5fcd\u53d7\u4e4b\u4e8b\u3002
\n\uff0dGeorg Simmel, 1902\u5e74\u91dd\u5c0d\u300c\u793e\u6703\u6c11\u4e3b\u300d\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u8a55\u8ad6\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5176\u5be6\u5df2\u7d93\u96e3\u4ee5\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6240\u6709\u56b4\u8085\u5206\u6790\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u90fd\u6b63\u5728\u8fc5\u901f\u6d88\u9000\u3002\u50c5\u5b58\u8005\u552f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u5b9a\u7406\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u5ff5\u4e2d\u6700\u8868\u5c64\u7684\u5f37\u8abf\uff0d\u4e00\u518d\u5f37\u8abf\uff0d\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5df2\u7d93\u9677\u5165\u4e00\u7a2e\u7b26\u865f\u4e0d\u5354\u8abf\u7684\u7126\u616e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u7b26\u865f\u7686\u4ee5\u5931\u53bb\u5176\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\uff0d\u5305\u62ec\u53f0\u7063\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7406\u5ff5\u4e0a\u66fe\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0d\u4e00\u5207\u610f\u6307\u3002\u6b64\u7b49\u610f\u6307\u7684\u7ac4\u4e82\u5c0e\u81f4\u7121\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u96c6\u9ad4\u5931\u61b6\uff0d\u5931\u8a9e\u75c7\u5019\u3002\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u96c6\u9ad4\u7126\u616e\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u6c88\u7a4d\u3001\u53ef\u8faf\u8b49\u3001\u6216\u53ef\u601d\u8003\u4e4b\u4e8b\u6703\u53d6\u5f97\u793e\u6703\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\uff0c\u7a4d\u6975\u5730\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u50b3\u8ff0\u5728\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u6211\u50c5\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e\u7b46\u8a18\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c0d\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u8868\u5c64\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u9032\u884c\u63cf\u5beb\uff0c\u4e26\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u4f9d\u6b64\u5c0d\u9019\u7a2e\u610f\u6307\u932f\u4e82\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u6709\u6240\u63d0\u793a\u3002
\n<\/p>\n\u5a92\u9ad4\u2571\u5c0d\u6297\uff1a\u8d85\u8d8a\u7684\u4fb7\u9650
\n\u5982\u4eca\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u88e1\uff0c\u53ef\u7a31\u70ba\u540c\u4e00\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5c0d\u6297\u610f\u8b58\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u50c5\u5269\u4e0b\u53cd\u5c0d\u5a92\u9ad4\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u3002\u7136\u800c\u7576\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u5a92\u9ad4\u8996\u70ba\u8a9e\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5c0d\u7acb\u9762\u7ad9\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u7acb\u5834\u6642\uff0c\u537b\u523b\u610f\u907a\u5fd8\u9019\u500b\u4f5c\u70ba\u89c0\u9ede\u652f\u67f1\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7acb\u5834\u4e26\u975e\u540c\u4e00\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5728\u7121\u6cd5\uff08\u6216\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u4e0d\u53bb\uff09\u907a\u5fd8\u7684\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u4fbf\u62fd\u5f15\u6e3e\u6c8c\u4e0d\u660e\u7684\u300c\u4eba\u6c11\u610f\u5411\u300d\u4ee5\u70ba\u5df1\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n\u55ae\u5c31\u5c0d\u6297\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4eca\u5e74\u7e3d\u7d71\u5927\u9078\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u672a\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u5169\u7fa4\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u5c0d\u7acb\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u662f\u8d85\u8d8a\u6b64\u7b49\u5c0d\u7acb\u4e4b\u4f01\u5716\u7684\u7a7a\u5e7b\u3002\u800c\u7a7a\u5e7b\u7684\u7b26\u865f\u6c38\u9060\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u5ba3\u50b3\u8005\u7684\u5229\u5668\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u7a2e\u653f\u6cbb\u5ba3\u50b3\u7686\u53ef\u7d93\u7531\u6b64\u7a2e\u7a7a\u5e7b\u7b26\u865f\u7684\u91cd\u8907\u53ec\u559a\u800c\u7372\u53d6\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\uff1b\u5728\u9577\u4e45\u6279\u8a55\u570b\u6c11\u9ee8\u57f7\u653f\u8ad6\u8ff0\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u570b\u5bb6\u5b89\u5b9a\u300d\u3001\u300c\u4e09\u5408\u4e00\u6575\u4eba\u300d\u3001\u300c\u53f0\u7368\u4ea1\u570b\u8ad6\u300d\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u53ef\u6709\u4eba\u554f\uff1a\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u300c\u7dad\u8b77\u53f0\u7063\u4e3b\u6b0a\u7368\u7acb\u300d\uff1f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u9010\u6f38\u62ac\u982d\u7684\u300c\u53f0\u7063\u610f\u8b58\u300d\uff1f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u53c8\u662f\u5f35\u4fca\u96c4\u6240\u7a31\u7684\u300c\u53f0\u7063\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u60b2\u9858\u300d\uff1f<\/p>\n
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\n\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u719f\u77e5\u6c11\u9032\u9ee8\u5728\u53d6\u5f97\u653f\u6b0a\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8207\u793e\u904b\u5718\u9ad4\u5728\u52d5\u54e1\u8207\u8ad6\u8ff0\u4e0a\u5bc6\u5207\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u5408\u4f5c\u5718\u9ad4\u6240\u6301\u6709\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u6c11\u9032\u9ee8\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5ba3\u7a31\u4e2d\u4f54\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u5f35\u4fca\u96c4\u5728\u6c11\u9032\u9ee8\u5341\u516b\u9031\u5e74\u9ee8\u6176\u7684\u9694\u65e5\u793e\u8ad6\u4e2d\u8aaa\uff1a<\/p>\n\u56de\u9867\u5341\u516b\u5e74\u4f86\u6c11\u9032\u9ee8\u6240\u8d70\u904e\u7684\u8def\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u8f9b\u82e6\u66f2\u6298\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u59cb\u7d42\u6c92\u6709\u653e\u68c4\u9032\u6b65\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u3002\u6211\u5011\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u53f0\u7063\u8a8d\u540c\u3001\u74b0\u4fdd\u7406\u5ff5\u3001\u6027\u5225\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u65cf\u7fa4\u591a\u5143\u3001\u8001\u8fb2\u5e74\u91d1\u3001\u52de\u9000\u5236\u5ea6\u7b49\u7b49\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u54ea\u4e00\u9805\u4e0d\u662f\u5f15\u9818\u53f0\u7063\u793e\u6703\u5411\u524d\u8d70\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u76ee\u6a19\uff1f\u54ea\u4e00\u9805\u4e0d\u662f\u9010\u6f38\u6210\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5171\u8b58\uff1f<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
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\n\u793e\u6703\u904b\u52d5\u5718\u9ad4\u4e0d\u518d\u8207\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u76df\u53cb\u70ba\u4f0d\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e5f\u5c07\u788e\u88c2\u4ee5\u5f80\u793e\u6703\u904b\u52d5\u8207\u6c11\u4e3b\u904b\u52d5\u5408\u6d41\u7684\u5e7b\u5922\u3002<\/p>\n\u7121\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u570b\u5ea6\uff0c\u8207\u7121\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u793e\u6703
\n\u6c11\u9032\u9ee8\u9664\u4e86\u63a8\u52d5\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u653f\u7b56\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u4ee5\u300c\u516c\u6c11\u610f\u8b58\u300d\u8d85\u8d8a\u300c\u7701\u7c4d\u610f\u8b58\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u5b8c\u6210\u9019\u4e00\u5178\u7bc4\u79fb\u8f49\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\uff0c\u5efa\u69cb\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u65cf\u7fa4\u591a\u5143\u3001\u570b\u5bb6\u4e00\u9ad4\u300d\u7684\u53f0\u7063\u547d\u904b\u5171\u540c\u9ad4\u3002
\n\uff0d\u6c11\u9032\u9ee8\u3008\u300c\u65cf\u7fa4\u591a\u5143\u3001\u570b\u5bb6\u4e00\u9ad4\u300d\u6c7a\u8b70\u6587\u65b0\u805e\u7a3f\u3009<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\u5982\u679c\u516c\u6c11\u610f\u8b58\u53ef\u80fd\u53d6\u4ee3\u7701\u7c4d\u610f\u8b58\uff0c\u800c\u524d\u8005\u78ba\u5be6\u662f\u5f8c\u8005\u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u8457\u300c\u570b\u5bb6\u4e00\u9ad4\u300d\u7684\u65b0\u6642\u4ee3\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6216\u8a31\u6703\u554f\uff1a\u4e00\u9ad4\u7684\u516c\u6c11\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u8c8c\uff1f<\/p>\n
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