NCC的道德公關秀

【這篇投書以卡維波為筆名,發表於《自由時報》民意廣場,2006年8月5日。英文版發表於Taipei Times,附於下方】

NCC(國家通訊傳播委員會)自成立以來,其合法性一直遭到質疑,日前大法官解釋文認定NCC組織法違憲,不啻是雪上加霜。

在這種情況下,NCC企圖要強化它存在的正當性是可以想見的;只是我們不希望NCC採取的是「道德公關」的老路。所謂「道德公關」乃是一般政客常用的手法,就是以建立自身清高的道德形象,來和群眾做公共關係,來換取民眾的支持,來正當化自己的存在,來掩飾政績不彰等等。而建立自身道德形象的手法不外乎是「淨化社會風氣」,諸如掃黃、查禁色情之類,於是這些「野火燒不盡」的社會現象就變成「取之不盡、用之不竭」的道德形象資源。

NCC的許多業務和作為,不見得能引起一般人民注意,不容易爭取大眾對NCC的支持,然而NCC近來似乎也開始對電視節目進行充滿爭議性的「掃黃」,形成一種變相的檢查制度。日昨NCC就一口氣對九個電視節目開鍘,罰款從10萬到35萬不等,其理由則幾乎都是節目有性暗示、低俗等等。

但是,開放社會的電視不應該禁絕性題材的存在(與中共電視對比即可知),而且各種分級(普級、保護級等)的尺度也應該隨著社會變遷而開放,以免造就與現實脫節的偽善,反而讓下一代無法平實地討論性事。再者,性的題材很容易被認定為低俗,然而低俗卻又是個充滿階級主觀判斷的觀念,特別是,下層草根民眾的趣味很容易被認定為低俗。凡此種種都說明了,NCC作為一個新興機構,對「掃黃」更應該謹慎從事。

NCC的「掃黃」開鍘出現在NCC合法性被挑戰的時刻,很難不令人懷疑NCC是否正採取「道德公關」的做法來強化自身存在的正當性。

Anti-porn crusade won’t help save NCC

By Ning Yin-bin, Aug 08, 2006, Taipei Times, Page 8

Ever since the National Communications Commission (NCC) was founded, its legality has been called into question, and the Council of Grand Justices recently determined that the Organic Law of the National Communications Commission (國家通訊傳播委員會組織法) was unconstitutional.

Given this situation, it is only to be expected that the NCC will try to strengthen its legitimacy. It is to be hoped that the commission will not follow the old habit of “public relations ethics.”

By this I mean the method often used by our politicians whereby they try to establish an unassailably moral and ethical image for themselves, and then rely on this image in their relations with the public to win support, legitimize their own actions and cover up a bad political record. They try to build this image of morality by, for example, campaigning against pornography, turning such inextinguishable social phenomena into a never ending source of support for their moral posturing.

Many of the commission’s actions may go unnoticed by the general public, which makes it difficult to build public support for the group. Recently, however, it seems to have initiated a controversial campaign against sex on TV, which is simply a review system in disguise. Only a few days ago, it put the knife to nine TV shows and issued fines from NT$100,000 to NT$350,000, in almost every instance because the shows were said to contain sexual innuendo, vulgarities and so forth.

In open societies, however, sex should not be banned from TV. The different movie ratings — G, P, PG and R — should also be relaxed in step with the changing of the times to avoid promoting hypocrisy, since that would only stop the younger generation from discussing sex in a responsible manner.

It is very easy to portray sex as vulgar. Vulgarity, however, is a concept heavily loaded with class prejudice. The interests of the lower classes are easily labeled “vulgar.” This is meant to explain why the commission as a new and rising organization should be very cautious in its “anti-pornography” activities.

The fact that the commission’s anti-pornography actions have occured precisely when its legitimacy is being questioned makes it difficult not to wonder if it is in fact engaging in public relations ethics to reinforce its legitimacy.

Translated by Perry Svensson

參考附錄:

柴智屏:至今仍不知新聞局標準
陳玉珊:「愛殺17」確實有點冒險

【劉宜/台北報導】時報資訊 (2006/07/14 09:23)

NCC成立後,偶像劇「愛殺17」成為首度開鍘的對象,且被罰20萬的重刑,因為立場不同,引發兩造爭執。其實,在一般觀眾和業界人士眼裡,也有不同看法。

「偶像劇之母」柴智屏做戲多年,但她老實說,到目前為止,還不知道新聞局的標準在哪裡。她認為,做戲的原則除了「闔家歡賞、老少咸宜」之外,戲劇的外埠市場也是她做戲時的考量重點。

柴智屏說,相較於大陸嚴禁同性戀、未婚懷孕等題材,台灣的尺度的確寬了許多。但如果新聞局或NCC有更明確規定,統一標準,製作單位會更了解方向,並樂意遵從。

曾製作過「王子變青蛙」、「愛情魔髮師」的三立戲劇總監陳玉珊則表示,「愛殺17」的做法確實有點冒險。因為,劇中演員都是人氣青春偶像,支持的觀眾以青少年居多,這些青少年是否能對劇情作出正確判斷,是製作單位應拿捏清楚的。但她也質疑,電視台已經刻意將「愛殺17」安排在輔導級時段播放,為何還會受罰?是否NCC的規定有不清楚之處。

不過,站在觀眾的角度,並不是電視台演什麼,大家就會強迫接收。一般偶像劇的留言版上,網友多半討論哪個男主角帥、哪個女主角美,甚至因為支持不同的偶像而引發口水戰。但「愛殺17」播出時,該劇留言版上竟出現「異常現象」,網友開始討論起男女主角的心態,以及社會現象和教育問題,比其他偶像劇的留言版更具深刻性的探討。

一位署名「緣」的網友說他看了戲開始對死亡感到恐懼,引發許多網友的鼓勵,「我們要想一想父母把我們生下來,一定有意義的,我們來這世間其實是很不容易的,所以要趁這機會來向自己的夢想努力吧。」

相較於年輕觀眾選擇利用網路抒發心聲,有的家長則選擇到NCC投書,顯然擔心這齣偶像劇帶來的負面影響。不過,戲劇界人士普遍認為,現在青少年接收資訊的途徑太多,隱藏的危機千百種,身為家長,與其在看得到的電視劇上面作文章,還不如教導青少年正確的是非觀及判斷能力。